Content Coverage Research Articles

Quantitative Evaluation and Evolution Characteristics of Consistency Level of Black Soil Conservation Policy, Taking China’s Black Soil Protection Policy as an Example

Scientifically evaluating China’s black soil protection policy and exploring its evolution characteristics are crucial for promoting high-quality and efficient black soil protection projects worldwide. Utilizing the Policy Modeling Consistency (PMC) index model, the effectiveness of China’s black soil protection policy system is assessed. Building upon this evaluation, the research delves into the evolution process of the black soil protection policy system, examining its dynamic characteristics across different government levels. Through the application of text mining technology and visual analysis techniques, the study explores four dimensions: keyword co-occurrence, vertical synergy calculation, policy theme identification, and policy tool analysis. The results show the following: (1) The PMC index showed a phased growth trend, and various indicators gradually improved and tended to be stable. (2) Government policies at the same level exhibit progressive evolution patterns in terms of policy keywords and themes. (3) Across different levels of government, there are hierarchical lag evolution rules observed in policy keywords and provincial policy tools. Additionally, policy keywords display vertical synergy evolution patterns. In conclusion, future black soil conservation policies need to reduce hierarchical delays, enhance the coverage and comprehensiveness of policy content, and establish a sound policy feedback mechanism. The conclusions of the study are significant for improving management approaches throughout the black soil zones of the world.

Our Never-Ending Pathway to Innovate Calculus 1: Course Coordination and Active Learning to Specifications Grading and Growth Mindset

ABSTRACT In this paper, we detail the implementation of initiatives designed to support instructional strategies aimed at fostering more fair and inclusive learning practices in Precalculus, Calculus 1, and Calculus 2 courses at the University of Texas Rio Grande Valley. We discuss the progression of course coordination efforts intended to improve students’ learning and mitigate the detrimental effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on students’ mathematics education. Prepandemic early coordination initiatives involved adoption of common textbooks, syllabi, and content coverage across all sections of each course. Subsequent course improvements involved the incorporation of active learning to engage students in collaborative problem-solving sessions with the support of undergraduate Learning Assistants. We have adopted Specifications Grading, an alternative grading system, as part of our most recent reform endeavor to invigorate students’ success in Calculus 1.

Patient-reported treatment-related symptoms and use of the PRO-CTCAE for multiple myeloma clinical trials: A qualitative interview study.

e19516 Background: Therapeutic regimens for multiple myeloma (MM) involve multiple pharmacological agents, including steroids. Many cause treatment-related symptoms that add to patient burden or may trigger treatment cessation. This study gathered qualitative data about the patient experience with MM treatments, including regimens with steroids. Findings were summarized and compared to the Patient Reported Outcome version of the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (PRO-CTCAE), to assess its comprehensiveness and relevance in MM clinical trials. Methods: Individual, semi-structured interviews were conducted virtually with a diverse sample of 16 US-based, English-speaking adults (38% male, 25% Black, 13% Hispanic) to explore their experiences with MM and treatments, including perspectives on steroids and potential benefits of steroid-sparing regimens. Content analysis was used to summarize and compare terminology participants used to describe their experiences with treatments. Results: Participants reported a diverse set of treatment-related symptoms impacting their overall experience, indicating the importance of assessing regimen tolerability in clinical trials. Steroids were linked to increased energy that interfered with sleep or functioning, irritability, taste changes, weight gain, increased appetite, and cognitive symptoms like brain fog. Participants reported that most symptoms were tolerable, but they would prefer to avoid steroids if treatment benefits did not diminish. Many reported symptoms were included in the PRO-CTCAE items (see Table), but several symptoms related to regimens with steroids are not covered: excess energy, bitter/metallic taste, taste sensitivity, brittle nails, irritability, hunger/increased appetite, and muscle weakness. Conclusions: MM patients experience a range of treatment-related symptoms, many of which impact their quality of life. If given the option, patients would prefer a steroid-free regimen if there was proven clinical benefit. While the PRO-CTCAE covers most of the treatment-related symptoms, proving to be an option for multiple myeloma clinical trials, additional PRO instruments may be needed to cover specific gaps in the PRO-CTCAE item library content coverage. [Table: see text]

Quantitative research on China's virtual power plant policies: Effectiveness evaluation and frontier trends

Virtual power plants (VPP) aim to enhance the electricity system's stability, adaptability, and efficiency while promoting the scale-up of renewable energy. It is worth noting that VPP policy is crucial to promoting the development of VPP and providing solid guarantees. However, there is a lack of quantitative evaluation of the VPP policy to understand its advantages and potential value and identify policy deficiencies when amalgamated with the VPP's future growth. This study innovatively constructs a multidimensional quantitative evaluation framework for VPP policy based on the text mining (TM) method and the Policy Modelling Consistency Index (PMC-Index) model, filling a gap in the quantitative evaluation of VPP policy and providing new perspectives for subsequent research. It was found that among the ten representative VPP policies selected, one exhibits good consistency, eight exhibit acceptable consistency, and one exhibits low consistency. VPP policies with broad content and comprehensive coverage have higher PMC-Index scores, while with limited implementation, more targeted ones have lower PMC-Index scores. The primary reasons for the concave PMC-Surface of ten policies are the low policy level (X2) and policy timeliness (X4) scores. These results suggest that VPP policies still have significant room for improvement concerning the authority of policy-issuing agencies and the development of short--, medium---, and long-term plans. Accordingly, CiteSpace is used to analyze the research hotspots and cutting-edge trends of VPP and explore the direction of future policy formulation. Based on the research findings, specific and actionable suggestions are proposed for subsequent formulation and modification of VPP policies in terms of enhanced integration and interoperability, data management and information security, innovation and improvement of market mechanisms, policy support and incentives, and training and education.

Advancing automatic text summarization: Unleashing enhanced binary multi-objective grey wolf optimization with mutation.

Automatic Text Summarization (ATS) is gaining popularity as there is a growing demand for a system capable of processing extensive textual content and delivering a concise, yet meaningful, relevant, and useful summary. Manual summarization is both expensive and time-consuming, making it impractical for humans to handle vast amounts of data. Consequently, the need for ATS systems has become evident. These systems encounter challenges such as ensuring comprehensive content coverage, determining the appropriate length of the summary, addressing redundancy, and maintaining coherence in the generated summary. Researchers are actively addressing these challenges by employing Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. While traditional methods exist for generating summaries, they often fall short of addressing multiple aspects simultaneously. To overcome this limitation, recent advancements have introduced multi-objective evolutionary algorithms for ATS. This study proposes an enhancement to the performance of ATS through the utilization of an improved version of the Binary Multi-Objective Grey Wolf Optimizer (BMOGWO), incorporating mutation. The performance of this enhanced algorithm is assessed by comparing it with state-of-the-art algorithms using the DUC2002 dataset. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed algorithm significantly outperforms the compared approaches.

English Language Textbooks at Government Schools in Nepal: Possibility of Cultivation and Promotion Creative Language Learning

The study is based on the analysis of English language textbooks at Government schools in Nepal. It is based on perceptions of English teachers teaching at Government schools in Morang district. Textbooks are materials prepared by Curriculum Development Centre (CDC) with the involvement of educators or subject experts to facilitate teaching-learning activities for achieving the goals of the curriculum. English language is being practiced as a Foreign Language through textbooks at Government school in Nepal. Moreover, English language textbooks have played a dual role in the context of Nepal. On the one hand, English textbooks have been teaching as a subject to overcome the examination, on the other hand, they have been using to create a real or real-like environment providing an ample opportunity of cultivation and promotion language learning to the learners of English. Textbooks are teaching-learning materials available in both forms hard copy and soft copy. The content coverage of English language textbooks seems to be effective to create better opportunities and promote a creative learning environment in the present context of Nepal.

Social safety net features in East Asia: A comparative analysis using the model family approach

AbstractEast Asian (EA) social welfare has been described as productivist, where social policies are subordinate to economic development. However, EA comparative studies often focus on a few select social policies and seldom examine welfare programs as a bundle. We contribute to the depiction of divergent features of EA safety nets by exploring welfare content (generosity, coverage, protective vs. productive, and work incentives) and welfare outcomes (poverty reduction and income redistribution) for lower‐income populations in the largest city in mainland China, Hong Kong, Japan, Singapore, South Korea, and Taiwan. We collected model family (MF) data and analyzed the data through descriptive statistics and regression models. We found that Taiwan and Hong Kong, followed by Japan, have more generous programs for reducing poverty, while Korea focuses on productive programs; Singapore offers wide coverage and strong work incentives for low‐income families yet lags behind in generosity; and China appears to be a laggard in welfare provision in the region. Our findings reveal heterogeneity within EA welfare systems, and our synthesis of welfare features using MF data offers a promising, innovative strategy for conducting comparative research in regions with limited comparable data.

Measurement of the self-determination continuum of motivation for engaging in alcohol-related harm reduction behaviors: Improved content coverage of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire.

Self-determination theory (SDT) proposes that people are more likely to engage in behaviors that reduce the harms associated with alcohol use if they do so for more self-determined reasons. There is growing support for this proposal, but the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire (TSRQ), which assesses the self-determination continuum of motivation for engaging in alcohol-related harm reduction behaviors, lacks content coverage. We generated additional items to improve the content coverage of the TSRQ and evaluated its psychometric properties. We also compared two randomly assigned instruction sets that referenced "responsible drinking" or "protective behavioral strategies" (PBS). Participants (n = 2,236) were college students from psychology departments at 10 universities in eight U.S. states who reported past-month alcohol use and completed the revised TSRQ; the online survey was completed for partial course credit. Exploratory factor analysis supported a three-factor structure representing autonomous motivation, controlled motivation, and amotivation for the PBS version. This factor structure was confirmed using exploratory structural equation modeling for both the PBS and responsible drinking versions. Scalar invariance was achieved across instruction sets. Latent mean differences showed that those who received the PBS version had lower autonomous and controlled motivation scores, but higher amotivation scores. Associations of the three TSRQ factors with alcohol-related outcomes were consistent with SDT, and the magnitude of these associations did not differ across instruction sets. More accurate assessment of the self-determination continuum of motivation for alcohol-related harm reduction behaviors will improve research on this topic which has promising implications for alcohol interventions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2024 APA, all rights reserved).

Supplemental Material for Measurement of the Self-Determination Continuum of Motivation for Engaging in Alcohol-Related Harm Reduction Behaviors: Improved Content Coverage of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire

Supplemental Material for Measurement of the Self-Determination Continuum of Motivation for Engaging in Alcohol-Related Harm Reduction Behaviors: Improved Content Coverage of the Treatment Self-Regulation Questionnaire

Thematic coverage and readability of online patient information on cochlear implant care

IntroductionThe treatment of patients with a cochlear implant (CI) is usually an elective, complex and interdisciplinary process. As an important source of information, patients often access the internet prior to treatment. The quality of internet-based information regarding thematic coverage has not yet been analysed in detail. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyse the information on CI care available on the internet regarding its thematic coverage and readability.Material methodsEight search phrases related to CI care were defined as part of the study. A checklist for completeness of thematic coverage was then created for each search phrase. The current German CI clinical practice guideline and the white paper on CI care in Germany were used as a basis. As a further parameter, readability was assessed using Flesch Reading Ease Scores. The search phrases were used for an internet search with Google. The first ten results were then analysed with regard to thematic coverage, readability and the provider of the website.ResultsA total of 80 websites were identified, which were set up by 54 different providers (16 providers were found in multiple entries) from eight different provider groups. The average completeness of thematic coverage was 41.6 ± 28.2%. Readability according to the Flesch Reading Ease Score was categorised as "hard to read" on average (34.7 ± 14.2 points, range: 0–72). There was a negative statistically significant correlation between the thematic coverage of content and readability (Spearman's rank correlation: r = − 0.413, p = 0.00014).SummaryThe completeness of thematic coverage of information on CI care available on the internet was highly heterogeneous and had a significant negative correlation with the readability. This result should be taken into account by both the providers of internet information and by patients when using internet-based information on CI care and help to further improve the quality of web-based information.

Supervised weight learning-based PSO framework for single document extractive summarization

The need for automatic text summarization is natural: there is a huge volume of information available online, which prompts for a widespread interest in extracting relevant information in a concise and understandable manner. Here, automated text summarization has been treated as an extractive single-document summarization problem in the proposed system. To solve this problem, a particle swarm optimisation (PSO) algorithm-based approach is suggested, with the goal of producing good summaries in terms of content coverage, informativeness, and readability.This paper introduces XSumm-PSO: a new approach based on PSO optimization technique in a supervised manner for extractive summarization. Further, this paper also contributes a new feature “incorrect word” that captures misspelled words in the candidate sentences. This feature is combined with nine existing features used by proposed model to generate error free summaries. As a result, the proposed XSumm-PSO framework produces superior performance achieving improvements of +2.7%, +0.8%, and +0.8% for ROUGE-1, ROUGE-2, and ROUGE-L scores, respectively, on DUC 2002 dataset, over state-of-the-art techniques. The corresponding improvements on the CNN/DailyMail dataset are +0.97%, +0.25%, and +0.49%.We also performed sample t-test, showing the proposed approach is statistically consistent across various runs.

Navigating the emotional terrain of Wikipedia writing: A feminist affective analysis of student writers’ engagement with the “be bold” guideline

Despite being subtitled “the online encyclopedia that anyone can edit,” Wikipedia's editors are not nearly as diverse as Wikimedia, its nonprofit parent organization, would hope. In fact, the English version's encyclopedic community has long suffered from gender inequality in both its editorial demographic and its coverage of content representing and of interest to women and non-binary audiences; this despite boasting nearly 7 million articles as of 2024. Educational initiatives have so far proven to be one of the most effective strategies for mitigating Wikipedia's gender gap, the common term for what has become the encyclopedia's most pervasive systemic bias. However, even within educational projects, engaging and onboarding minority editors is challenging. Working from a feminist affective framework, this article reports on a study of student-editors' experience with Wikipedia-based writing, using their reactions to a key editing guideline, “Be bold,” as an entry-point for examining their affective experience. The “Be bold” guideline, which encourages would-be editors to “just go for it,” is nearly as old as the English language version of Wikipedia itself yet has received little critical attention. Drawing on survey and focus group interviews from participants at the undergraduate and graduate level, this study's findings provide new understandings of novice editors’ affective experiences in Wikipedia while offering a critical analysis of the “Be bold” guideline.

Developing Compliant Audit Information System for Information Security Index: A Study on Enhancing Institutional and Organizational Audits using Web-based Technology and ISO 25010:2011 Total Quality of Use Evaluation

This study aimed to develop the KAMI 4.1 Index system application based on web application technology to provide a platform for controlled audit implementation and improve data management. The primary goals were to independently assess organizations' ability to obtain ISO 27001:2013 and enhance the audit process's effectiveness and efficiency. The research utilized web application technologies as materials. It employed a systematic approach, focusing on developing a web-based application using the waterfall model's stages of communication, planning, modeling, construction, and deployment. The resulting KAMI 4.1 Index system application introduced a new and efficient platform for controlled audit implementation, featuring an improved user experience and enhanced ease of use by incorporating existing audit calculations from the KAMI 4.1 index. Evaluation based on the ISO 25010:2011 quality of use model yielded a high total quality of use rate of 81.45%, indicating a "very good" categorization. However, areas requiring further research and improvement were identified, including data security, content coverage, freedom from risk, and error tracking. The study also suggested exploring integration possibilities of the audit system with other ISO audit needs, such as a quality assurance system complying with ISO 9001. Further research is necessary to gather information about user criteria and needs in different organizational contexts, ensuring the audit application system meets their requirements. Overall, this research contributes to developing the KAMI 4.1 Index system application and highlights directions for further enhancement and exploration in controlled audit implementation and data management.

A Textbook for Researchers. Review of the Textbook “Information Resources and Tools in the Researcher’s Work” by V. N. Gureyev and N. A. Mazov

The author reviews a textbook written by Vadim N.Gureyev and Nikolay A.Mazov (Trofimuk Institute of Petroleum Geology and Geophysics of the SB RAS). The review notes the scale of content coverage, good organization of the material, high relevance and novelty of the information presented in the textbook. From the perspective of a researcher and university lecturer, the reviewer examines certain aspects of five chapters of the textbook, which provide characteristics of modern publishers of academic literature, databases of scientific publications and journals, identifiers for research works and authors, classification systems of scientific knowledge and bibliometric indicators. The review emphasizes the uniqueness of the publication as a kind of professional reference book for researchers, from young authors to established scholars. The methodological part of the textbook and its auxiliary apparatus are characterized positively. The presentation of the material shows a combination of logic and conciseness, which illustrates the principle of necessity and sufficiency when selecting content to achieve the stated purpose of the educational publication and provides readers with quick access to necessary information. The reviewer gives reasons of the wide readership of the publication, including its undoubted value for library workers and expresses a wish to present materials that deal with researcher’s information retrieval tools in the form of a separate structural part of the textbook. The work is assessed as a relevant authors’ contribution to the series of, so far, few educational publications in the field of research communications. The review is accompanied by a bibliographic list of the most significant works co-authored by V.N.Gureyev and N.A.Mazov.

Abstract 2351: Genomics annotation and interpretation in somatic oncology using structured data from a clinical knowledgebase

Abstract Accurate and comprehensive interpretation of genomic variants has become a bottleneck in clinical sequencing applications due to the accelerating precision oncology and biomedical information explosion. This motivated us to build Ephesus, a framework enabling curation of predictive, prognostic and diagnostic evidence for clinical biomarkers in cancers. Currently Ephesus is the primary content source for Roche navify Mutation Profiler (nMP). The Ephesus’ data model ensures adherence to best practices in clinical genomic content curation. Variant classification follows the AMP guidelines for somatic variant interpretation. Variant interpretations are derived from international regulatory approvals and clinical practice guidelines (FDA, EMA, TGA, eVIQ, etc.) and recommendations (NCCN, ESMO). The data model is mapped to a set of relational tables. To enforce data integrity and validity, strategies such as data normalization based on standard nomenclatural ontologies, a submit-review-approval workflow, and biological constraints are adopted. Ephesus is deployed as a web application used by curators inside and outside Roche. The UI allows users to conduct edits, filtering, sorting and bulk operations on entities by attributes. In order to minimize manual effort and maximize content coverage, inference rules are applied before ingesting into nMP. Currently Ephesus is developed for data collection, browsing and summarizing primary entities such as biomarkers, evidence items, genes, variants, variant groups, and drugs. The content from the 2023-Aug snapshot contains 11,596 directly curated biomarker profiles (including biomarker combinations), and 6M+ expanded profiles for 41 major cancer types. To evaluate the clinical reporting value of the curated knowledge, ~160k real cancer patient samples of the AACR GENIE project were queried on Ephesus. Compared with three other major knowledgebases, Ephesus/NMP is observed showing the highest performance. Table 1. Percentage of patients or biomarkers with at least one interpretation from each knowledgebase CGI (2022-10-17) CIVIC(2023-09-01) ClinVar(2023-09-09) NMP(2023-08-11) AACR-Genie-v14.0 Total patient % with any interpretation 25% (40,545) 46% (73,835) 81% (130,882) 89% (142,905) 160,965 biomarker % (including combos) with any interpretation 0.03% (256) 0.06% (526) 13.26% (122,424) 73.79% (681,128) 923,093 Citation Format: Jian Li, Lili Niu, Shuba krishna, Fnu Kinshuk, Martin Jones, Carlos Hernandez, Michael Clark, Sandra Balladares. Genomics annotation and interpretation in somatic oncology using structured data from a clinical knowledgebase [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2351.

Revisiting the Usage of Alpha in Scale Evaluation: Effects of Scale Length and Sample Size

AbstractShort scales are time‐efficient for participants and cost‐effective in research. However, researchers often mistakenly expect short scales to have the same reliability as long ones without considering the effect of scale length. We argue that applying a universal benchmark for alpha is problematic as the impact of low‐quality items is greater on shorter scales. In this study, we proposed simple guidelines for item reduction using the “alpha‐if‐item‐deleted” procedure in scale construction. An item can be removed if alpha increases or decreases by less than .02, especially for short scales. Conversely, an item should be retained if alpha decreases by more than .04 upon its removal. For reliability benchmarks, .80 is relatively safe in most conditions, but higher benchmarks are recommended for longer scales and smaller sample sizes. Supplementary analyses, including item content, face validity, and content coverage, are critical to ensure scale quality.

A validity study of COMLEX-USA Level 3 with the new test design.

The National Board of Osteopathic Medical Examiners (NBOME) administers the Comprehensive Osteopathic Medical Licensing Examination of the United States (COMLEX-USA), a three-level examination designed for licensure for the practice of osteopathic medicine. The examination design for COMLEX-USA Level 3 (L3) was changed in September 2018 to a two-day computer-based examination with two components: a multiple-choice question (MCQ) component with single best answer and a clinical decision-making (CDM) case component with extended multiple-choice (EMC) and short answer (SA) questions. Continued validation of the L3 examination, especially with the new design, is essential for the appropriate interpretation and use of the test scores. The purpose of this study is to gather evidence to support the validity of the L3 examination scores under the new design utilizing sources of evidence based on Kane's validity framework. Kane's validity framework contains four components of evidence to support the validity argument: Scoring, Generalization, Extrapolation, and Implication/Decision. In this study, we gathered data from various sources and conducted analyses to provide evidence that the L3 examination is validly measuring what it is supposed to measure. These include reviewing content coverage of the L3 examination, documenting scoring and reporting processes, estimating the reliability and decision accuracy/consistency of the scores, quantifying associations between the scores from the MCQ and CDM components and between scores from different competency domains of the L3 examination, exploring the relationships between L3 scores and scores from a performance-based assessment that measures related constructs, performing subgroup comparisons, and describing and justifying the criterion-referenced standard setting process. The analysis data contains first-attempt testscores for 8,366 candidates who took the L3 examination between September 2018 and December 2019. The performance-based assessment utilized as a criterion measure in this study is COMLEX-USA Level 2 Performance Evaluation (L2-PE). All assessment forms were built through the automated test assembly (ATA) procedure to maximize parallelism in terms of content coverage and statistical properties across the forms. Scoring and reporting follows industry-standard quality-control procedures. The inter-rater reliability of SA rating, decision accuracy, and decision consistency for pass/fail classifications are all very high. There is a statistically significant positive association between the MCQ and the CDM components of the L3 examination. The patterns of associations, both within the L3 subscores and with L2-PE domain scores, fit with what is being measured. The subgroup comparisons by gender, race, and first language showed expected small differences in mean scores between the subgroups within each category and yielded findings that are consistent with those described in the literature. The L3 pass/fail standard was established through implementation of a defensible criterion-referenced procedure. This study provides some additional validity evidence for the L3 examination based on Kane's validity framework. The validity of any measurement must be established through ongoing evaluation of the related evidence. The NBOME will continue to collect evidence to support validity arguments for the COMLEX-USA examination series.

Teachers’ Opinion about Pharmacology MCQ Question Papers of MBBS Professional Examinations

Introduction: Multiple choice questions (MCQ) are very effective in assessing the students learning since it is very much objective and time saving. MBBS curriculum introduced MCQ in professional examination from 2002. Objective: This cross sectional descriptive study was conducted to get the teachers’ opinion about Pharmacology professional examination MCQ papers of different Universities of Bangladesh. Methods: For this purpose, opinions of total 56 purposively selected teachers of the Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics of 20 Medical Colleges were collected through self-administered semi-structured questionnaire. Most of the teachers (61%) were in favour of existing distribution of different types of question in curriculum (recall-60%, understanding-30% and problem based-10%) for MCQ paper. Results: Majority of the teachers (71% and 63%) were satisfied with the present coverage of recall and understanding type questions respectively and 60% teachers were satisfied with the coverage of problem based type questions. Fifty-seven percent teachers were satisfied with content coverage in MCQ papers. About 57% teachers were satisfied with the construction of MCQs and 78% teachers were in favour of introduction of single best answer (SBA) type MCQ. Regarding introduction of negative marking for wrong answer, 61% were agreed with the proposal. Conclusion: Findings of this study may be used to redefine the distribution of different types question in SAQ papers and to improve the quality of question papers by ensuring their coverage and construction. JAFMC Bangladesh. Vol 19, No 1 (June) 2023: 6-10

Radar Banten's Strategy in Facing the Era of Media Digitalization

Newspaper readers continue to decline and slowly shift to using digital media platforms to obtain information. This happens along with the development of information technology where many online media, social media and so on have emerged. The task and challenge of the print media is to expand its presence into the realm of new media, while continuing to guard the accuracy, credibility and trust that have been the hallmarks of mainstream media. The proliferation of the internet, which is increasingly accessible, has made the media convergence movement grow in particular. Media convergence also occurs in Radar Banten as one of the media that exists in the national arena. This research aims to find out the strategy of Radar Banten Daily to transform itself towards media convergence. The study, which is a qualitative research adopting a constructive paradigm, collected data through interviews and literature review. This research investigates the application of media convergence concept by Radar Banten in facing modern media transformation. Three convergence models, namely newsroom convergence, news gathering convergence, and content convergence, are analyzed as an effort to unify media operations through a holistic approach. The result of the research shows that the 3M strategy (multimedia, multichannel, multiplatform) allows Radar Banten to increase its content coverage, create inter-platform synergy, and strengthen their position in the midst of technological development. The editorial work pattern underwent significant changes, with projection meetings conducted online and deadline adjustments to support online and social media. Overall, this research concludes that Radar Banten is progressively adapting and innovating to stay relevant amidst mass media changes. The continuity of this effort is the key to their success in facing the dynamics of modern media.

Content Coverage as a Persistent Exclusionary Practice: Investigating Perspectives of Health Professionals on the Influence of Undergraduate Coursework.

STEM undergraduates navigate lengthy sequences of prerequisite courses covering volumes of science content. Given that these courses may contribute to attrition and equity gaps in STEM, research is needed to test the assumption that prerequisite content benefits students in their future studies and careers. We investigated the relevance of prerequisite course content for students' careers through semistructured interviews with practicing nurses regarding their undergraduate anatomy and physiology (A&P) courses. Nurses reported that A&P content does not align with the skills and knowledge needed in the nursing profession. Interviewees averaged 39% on a brief A&P assessment, suggesting A&P prerequisites failed to impart a high degree of long-term A&P knowledge among nurses. Further, practicing nurses perceived overcommitment to A&P content coverage as an exclusionary practice that eliminates capable individuals from the prenursing pathway. These findings challenge assumptions surrounding the justification for prerequisite course content and raise questions of whether content expectations actively exclude individuals from STEM or healthcare careers. We aspire for this study to stimulate conversation and research about the goals of prerequisite content, who is best positioned to articulate prerequisite content objectives, and the influence of content coverage on equity and justice in undergraduate STEM education.