Contemporary Urdu Research Articles

Eco-Feminism and contemporary Urdu Novel

Eco-Feminism and contemporary Urdu Novel

Issues of Contemporary Urdu Research and Retrieval of its Quality

Urdu research is facing various problems at present and these problems are actually more in institutional level research. There is a lot of repetition in the topics that students choose for research, mainly because the topics are made up for serving the purpose. The themes and topics of research are not based on any philosophical thought process. This paper tried to highlight these issues. At the same time, students' unfamiliarity with research principles and methods has also been made a topic. In order to retrieve the quality of the research in Urdu, two different articles and examples of their topics, content, methods and discussions are presented, including “Muhammad Hussain Azad as a Researcher” by Qazi Abdul Wudud and “History of Urdu Literature till 1700: In the light of Research” by Abrar Abdul Salam. Writer of this research paper is of the view that at least above mentioned two articles should be taught to the students before they are forced into the field of practical research.

Orating Origins: the Formation of Pakistan in Contemporary Urdu Shi’i Khitabat in Karachi

AbstractUrdu-speaking Shiʿa khatibs (orators) in Karachi regularly speak on the origins of Pakistan, seeking to recuperate Shiʿi contributions to the foundation of the nation-state. In this article, I argue that such claims do not resist, subvert, or undermine statist historical narratives. Instead, the claims mimic, in structure and teleology, the very statist historical narratives that they attempt to challenge. I draw upon twenty months of ethnographic fieldwork in Karachi and demonstrate how thoroughly circumscribed such claims are. I read this minority rhetoric as an attempt to appropriate the majoritarian discourse, rather than as an attempt to challenge the dominant historiography of the origins of Pakistan. I turn to the domain of Shiʿi khitabat (oratory), a ubiquitous and public performance, and identify the important role played by such mass and physical gatherings in the articulation of historical claims. My works emerges from, and contributes back to, scholarship on South Asian Shiʿism, oratory, and the public sphere.

"Abiasa" A symbolic expression of the contradictions and conflicts of human life

This is well known fact that Ghazanfar is one of the important writers in the field of contemporary Urdu literature. He is multidimensional writer but in this article. I have focused only on his fiction specially novel nigari. He has written nine novels on different topics. He contributed many new things in Urdu novel. He introduced dalit. Discours in Urdu fiction. His novel Divya Bani first novel on dalit problem in Urdu. He also wrote fusun campus novel first time in Urdu. The language of Ghazanfar fiction is also different from his contemporary writers. He language is very creative and also symbolic but his symbols are not difficult and embigus. He has also experimented in form and technic in Urdu novel.

Criticism of Muhammad Hassan Askari and Oriental Aesthetics

Askari was a seminal figure in modern Urdu literature and arguably the most important literary critic of his day. From the arch modernist and avid Westophile who swore by Baudelaire, Rimbaud and Mallarme and imbibed the influence of Joyce, he went on to espouse the cause of Pakistani adab, reading into it great cultural possibilities, almost a new renaissance, and later on, as if losing hope, he single-handedly diagnosed a condition of “stagnation” (jamood) and subsequently, of “death of literature,” turning a full circle to become an avowed disciple of the Islamic rivayat. Bitterly attacked by many, most notably by the Progressives, and highly controversial, Askari remained relevant, and above all, illuminating in so many ways that hardly any other critic in Urdu can hold a candle to him. He continues to remain a challenging and enigmatic figure. Yet, one can hardly discuss contemporary Urdu literature without taking his life and work into consideration. No doubt, Muhammad Hassan Askari is considered one of the architects of Urdu criticism and is status as a critic is unique.

THE POTTER OF A STORY: MAZHAR UL ISLAM (BASIC STYLISTIC FEATURES IN THE STORIES OF MAZHAR UL ISLAM)

Mazhar ul Islam is one of the leading authors of contemporary Urdu literature. Due to the romantic, realist, surrealist, and symbolist concepts used in his works, the author's style, which allows contrasting or incompatible interpretations to be harmonized, is described as his most important feature. The events and characters in the stories of Mazhar ul Islam are generally a literary reflection of Pakistani society. At the same time, the author does not hesitate to bring the traces of his inner world to the reader. While reflecting local feelings and events in his works, Mazhar ul Islam mostly uses trend literary structures in world literature as a tool and indirectly contributes to the universalization process of Urdu literature. The main literary feature of the author is that he has a style of writing that transforms reality into mystery and then brings the real meaning of the mysterious with reality, allowing the cognitive process to begin without time and space. The works of the author are in the form of documents of his life, and therefore the emotional experiences that penetrated his soul, the stages he passed and the worldly issues he observed form the basis of his literary technique. The unconditional harmony arising from freedom, opposition and contrasts in the author's narrative is nourished by these contrasting life experiences. In this study, basic information about Mazhar ul Islam's life and career have been tried to be presented and the author's stories have been tried to be analyzed in a thematic context.

Presentation of Feminine Issues in Manzar Bhopali’s Kalam In The Perspectives of Moaaza aur Haasil

From the beginning of mankind to the present day, women have been afflicted with various kinds of problems in different periods, different religions and civilizations. During this period, there were some problems which disappeared with the changing times, but during this time some new problems arose which are more serious and need to be solved than the previous problems. ManzarBhopali, which is an important and prominent voice of contemporary Urdu poetry, resonates with these issues. In the article under review, the same modern feminine issues presented in ManzarBhopali'sKalam are discussed in a special way.

The Relevance of Sri Aurobindo’s Aesthetic Theory in the Context of Contemporary Urdu Literature

The Relevance of Sri Aurobindo’s Aesthetic Theory in the Context of Contemporary Urdu Literature

الجانب البلاغی فی القصیدة الأردیة عند شکیل شمسی

يسلط هذا البحالضوء على الجانب البلاغي في القصيدة الأردية عند شکيل شمسي ليبرز أثرها البالغ في تکثيف السمات الدلالية والوقوف على سمات فارقة في الشعر الأردي المعاصر. إن أکثر ما يميز موضوع البحث هو کيفية تناول موضوع تقليدي بطريقة حديثة مما يضيف شيئا جديدا إلى هذا المجال، أي مدى التلاؤم بين المادة الحديثة والآليات القديمة في مسح شامل للقصائد المستخدمة في البحث ومدى اهتمام الشاعر بالمبحث البلاغي الذي تمثل في عدة منجزات تم تحقيقها في قصائده وعلى هذا جاء عنوان البحث: الجانب البلاغي في القصيدة الأردية عند شکيل شمسي . وقد قسمت البحث إلى ملخص باللغة العربية، وآخر باللغة الإنجليزية ومقدمة ومبحثا واحدا، ويتکون من نقطتين أساسيتين تتحدث الأولى عن حياة الشاعر والتعريف بأهم أعماله، والثانية عن الجانب البلاغي في القصيدة الأردية عند شکيل شمسي، ثم ذيل البحث بخاتمة بها نتائج البحث وثبت بأهم المصادر والمراجع. This study sheds light on the manifestations of renewal in the contemporary Urdu poems by Shakeel Shamsi. It aims to highlight the great impact of such manifestations on intensifying the use of semantic features and identifying distinctive features in contemporary Urdu poetry. The most distinctive feature of the subject matter of this study is the special approach it adopts to exploring a traditional topic using a modern method. As such, the study adds something new to this field. Both the extent of achieving compatibility between the use of modern material and old mechanisms in a comprehensive survey of the poems investigated in this study and the extent of the poet's interest in the use of rhetorical devices in his poems have been thoroughly investigated. Accordingly, the study is titled, Rhetorical of side in Shakeel Shamsi's Contemporary Urdu Poems. The study consists of an abstract in Arabic, an abstract in English, an introduction, the body of the study, and a conclusion. The body of the study presents the main arguments and discussion of the subject matter. It has two main sections: the first section gives a biographical account of the poet's life and provides a review of his works. The second section discusses the manifestations of renewal in the contemporary Urdu poems written by Shakeel Shamsi. The conclusion highlights the key findings of the study and provides a list of the key sources and references cited in the text.

Conciliation and Conflict in the Meccan and Medinan Qur'an: A Thematic Study of Suras 6 to 9

Despite its important social implications, the subject of conciliation in the Qur'an remains an under-researched field of study. This article focuses on the relationship between conciliation and conflict in Suras 6 to 9, a section of the muṣḥaf in which two Meccan suras are followed by two Medinan suras. In assessing the importance of conciliation in the Qur'an, this article considers its pervasiveness, manifestations, emphasis, and coherent thematic development. The analysis utilises two influential commentaries, the premodern Arabic exegesis by al-Rāzī (d. 606/1209) and the contemporary Urdu exegesis by Iṣlāḥī (d. 1997) which, taken together, provide complementary linguistic and structural insight. I will argue that conciliation is emphasised firstly in the Meccan component through the exemplars of prophetic restraint and divine mercy, and the central notion of iṣlāḥ. Iṣlāḥ forms the central axis around which equilibrium is maintained in the divine world order, a process of divine education in the form of revelation and prophetic instruction, which prevents and contains disputes. Secondly, Medinan injunctions highlight the importance of unity and the sanctity of maintaining peace treaties, thereby supporting the Qur'anic principle of non-compulsion in faith. In the course of analysis it becomes clear that, even during conflict (which is subject to extensive restrictions), conciliation remains of paramount importance.

Normative Model Of New-Woman: A Discourse Of Ten Female Protagonists Of Urdu TV Drama Serials (2010-2019)

This paper examines the normative model of ‘new woman’ (Dutoya 2018) in Pakistani dramas from the perspective of gender, class, and culture. TV drama is a predominant form of entertainment in Pakistani media. In early Urdu dramas, female characters are infrequently depicted in a progressive way but now, educated, independent, and urban middle-class women can generally be observed in lead and supporting roles. Along with a shift of female representation in Pakistani Urdu dramas, the study discusses the construction of a Pakistani normative model of ‘new womanhood.’ Through a qualitative content analysis of ten female protagonists from Pakistani Urdu TV dramas of last decade (2010 through 2019), I argue that Dutoya’s socially permissible model of ‘new woman’ can be noticed in the majority of contemporary Urdu dramas. In other words, female protagonists are portrayed with diverse attributes of modesty and modernity. I further argue that the idea of ‘new woman’ is not a new phenomenon for the Pakistani society. Unlike a colonial idea of ‘super wife’ and Victorian concept of ‘super woman,’ my assertion is that Pakistani version of ‘new woman’ is a response to western wave of feminism, religious orthodoxy at home, and cultural conservatism prevalent in Pakistan.

Scenario of Contemporary Urdu Criticism

Scenario of Contemporary Urdu Criticism

دور الشعر الأردی المعاصر فی مواجهة التطرف الدینی (ترجمة مختارات)

يتطرق هذا البحث الى واحدة من أهم مشکلات العصر الحديث؛ إنها قضية التطرف التي أصبحت ظاهرة لا يمکن تجاهل تجاوزاتها أوممارساتها في المجتمعات. وقضية التطرف ليست جديدة فحسب بل هي قضية متجددة ولا تختص بدين أومذهب أومنطقة معينة؛ إنها القضية التي أصبحت تهدد الأمن القومي والمجتمعي في سائر أنحاء العالم، ويستمد البحث أهميته من کونه دراسة لموضوع خطير جدا وهوالتطرف الديني ومعالجته من خلال نماذج مترجمة من الشعر الأردي المعاصر. يهدف البحث إلى الکشف عن أهم الموضوعات التي تناولها الشعر الأردي المعاصر، وکذا التعرف على القوالب الشعرية المستخدمة في عرض قضية التطرف، ومعرفة اللغة المستخدمة لعرض تلک القضية، ومعرفة أهم القيم التي اشتملت عليها عينة الدراسة. اعتمدت في هذه الدراسة على المنهج الوصفي بحيث لا تعتمد الدراسة على ترجمة وتحليل الأشعار فحسب بل تتجه إلى تصنيفها وتحليلها وتفسيرها بهدف الوصول إلى نتائج يمکن تعميمها. لا توجد دراسات سابقة عن موضوع معالجة الشعر الأردي المعاصر لقضايا التطرف الديني. ويشتمل البحث على الآتي: ملخص باللغة العربية وآخر باللغة الإنجليزية، ثم مقدمة بها عرض لأهمية الموضوع وتوضيح منهج الدراسة، المبحث الأول: دورالشعر الأردي في مواجهة التطرف الديني، وسأتطرق فيه للآتي، أولا: هدم المساجد أحد مظاهر التطرف الهندوسي ضد مسلمي الهند، ثانيا : طالبان باکستان أهم مظاهر التطرف في باکستان، ذيل البحث بخاتمة بها أهم النتائج التي توصل إليها البحث، ثم ثبت بالمصادر والمراجع وفهرس المحتويات. Abstract: )The role of contemporary Urdu poetry In the face of (Translation of selections) This research deals with one of the most important problems of modern times; it is the issue of that has become a phenomenon whose transgressions or practices in societies cannot be ignored. The issue of is not only new, it is a renewed issue and does not concern a particular religion, sect or region; it is an issue that has become a threat to national and societal security throughout the world. Importance of the research: The research derives its importance from being a study of a very serious topic which is religious extremism and its treatment through translated models of contemporary Urdu poetry. Research Objectives: The research aims to reveal the most important topics that contemporary Kurdish poetry has addressed, as well as to identify the poetic templates used in presenting the issue of extremism, and to know the language used to present that issue, and to know the most important values ​​that were included in the study sample. Study methodology: In this study, it relied on the descriptive approach, as it does not rely solely on translation and analysis of poems, but it tends to classify, analyze, and interpret them with a view to reaching results that can be generalized. There are no previous studies on treating contemporary poetry with the issue of extremism. The research includes the following: A summary in Arabic and another in English, then an introduction showing the importance of the topic and clarifying the study method,The first topic: The role of Urdu poetry in facing extremism,First: The demolishing of mosques is a manifestation of Hindu against Indian Muslims. Second: The Pakistani Taliban are the most important manifestations of in Pakistan. The tail of the research with a conclusion with the most important results of the research, then the sources, references and contents index were fixed.

الریف فی قصص أسلم جمشید پوری دراسة تحلیلیة نقدیة باللغة العربیة

يعد جمشيد پوري من أهم کتاب القصة المعروفين في العصر الحاضر. کما يعد واحدا من أبرز الکتاب الهنود الذين تناولوا قضايا الريف في قصصهم بأسلوب فني مميز؛ لذا يعتبر امتدادا للکاتب پريم چند، الذي يعد رائد کتاب القصة الأردية، الذين تناولوا الريف بمختلف مراحله وثقافته ومشاکله. فمن يريد الاطلاع على حياة الريف الهندي المعاصر وقضاياه يتناول قصص جمشيد پورى، ومن بين هذه القصص: عيدگاه سے واپسى، وشبراتى، وبدلتا ہے رنگ، ودن کے اندهيرے رات کے اجالے، واندهيرا ابهى زنده ہے، ونہ بجهنے والا سورج، وغيرها. وتعد هذه القصص إضافات للأدب الأردي المعاصر في فن القصة القصيرة. هذا وقد عالجت قصص أسلم جمشيد بورى کثيرا من القضايا السياسية والاجتماعية والفلسفية والدينية والنفسية. وسوف يتضح ذلک من خلال الدراسة. Aslam Jamsheed Puri is one of the most famous story writers of the present age. He is also one of the most prominent Indian writers who have dealt with rural issues in their stories in a distinctive artistic style. It is an extension of Prem Chand, the leading Urdu storywriter, who has dealt with the countryside in all its stages, culture and problems.For those who want to learn about the life and issues of the contemporary Indian countryside, the stories of Aslam Jamsheed Puri include: عيدگاه سے واپسى، وشبراتى، وبدلتا ہے رنگ، ودن کے اندهيرے رات کے اجالے، واندهيرا ابهى زنده ہے، ونہ بجهنے والا سورج، , and others. These stories are additions to contemporary Urdu literature in short story art. The stories of Aslam Jamsheed Puri dealt with many political, social, philosophical, religious and psychological issues. This will be illustrated by the study

کلیم خارجی کے افسانوی مجموعے"گھٹیا آدمی" کا تجزیاتی مطالعہ

Kaleem Khariji is a prominent figure of short stories in contemporary Urdu literature. He has evaded from the symbolical style and technique, which is a literary fashion amongst the contemporary Urdu short stories writers. The formation of his short stories is totally different from classical short story writers as well. He does not use symbols, but his characters are capable of symbolical depth. Ghatiya Aadmi—a book comprised of his short stories—has a philosophical and social background. The themes and subject matter of the stories in this book are derived from the social and political circumstances of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa. The researcher has critically analyzed the characters and subject matter in the short stories of Ghatiya Aadmi.

Excavating a Buddhist Past in Contemporary Urdu Letters

The conflation of Urdu literature and language with Islam is one of the most noxious ramifications of Orientalist legacy in South Asia, and much reconstructive work needs to be done to deflate the tautologies of Urdu-Muslim and Hindi-Hindu. Buddhism is integral to any account of South Asian religious and intellectual history, and yet it is absent from many contemporary conversations about the history, the present, and the future direction of the area's cultures. Its rich cultural history in South Asia presents a hopeful possibility for diffusing Muslim-Hindu tensions. The 1989 novel Makan by the Indian writer Paigham Afaqui and the 1990 novel Aab-e-gum by the Pakistani writer Mushtaq Ahmed Yousufi use Buddhism extensively to defy the conflation of Urdu literature with a normative Muslim identity.

Changing Landscapes of Love and Passion in the Urdu Novel

This article illustrates the impact of generic differences and changes in the social and political context on the use of emotion concepts such as love and passion in selected Urdu novels from 1869 until 1945. While Nazir Ahmad (1830/31–1912) and Rashid-ul Khairi (1868–1936) in their domestic novels tend to stress the control of passions, particularly in familial relationships, Abdul Halim Sharar (1860–1926) in his Islamic novels/historical romances allows for romantic attraction and propagates religious fervor, bringing him closer to the emotion vocabulary used in contemporary Urdu journalism. This format was later expanded by Nasim Hijazi (1914–1996), who sought to strengthen the enthusiasm of fellow Muslims in their fight for Pakistan. In this highly popular genre strong feelings and passions serve to arouse intense feeling for the Muslim community.

The Backlash in Delhi: British Treatment of the Mughal Royal Family following the Indian “Sepoy Mutiny” of 1857

History tells us much about how a war was fought and won. However, it does not offer us the complete picture inasmuch as it is largely silent about the loser in a conflict and those sympathetic to the cause. This phenomenon in historiography can be noticed in the events of 1857 in the history of India. It was a war of independence but it was seen by most historians merely as a “Sepoy mutiny”. It was a war fought by the common people, men and women, soldiers and chieftains alike under the banner of the last Mughal Emperor of India, Bahadur Shah Zafar (reigned 1837–1857). The British branded this widespread uprising as a rebellion against the legal authority and set in motion a reign of terror after they regained power. Women of the Mughal royal family were particularly targeted by the British soldiers and they experienced untold humiliation. Nevertheless, most account of this struggle for freedom have failed to stress or even record the sufferings of the womenfolk including those of the royal family. Similarly, British historians of the events have been reluctant to take note of eyewitness accounts of the harshness of the returning troops. The present study is an attempt to fill this gap in scholarship about an important revolution. Based on contemporary Urdu, Persian, and English sources (noteworthy publications, personal letters, eyewitness accounts, newspaper reports, and biographical references), the study focuses on the sufferings of the women, which were the worst part of this human tragedy.

Shameless Women

Maulana Naqshbandi, one of Pakistan's religious leaders, accounted for Pakistan's defeat by India at the World Cup Cricket quarter-finals in March 1996 by saying Any nation which made a woman its ruler has never prospered (cited in The Times of Pakistan, 11 March 1996, 27). This comment encodes the dominant attitude towards women in a rigorously Islamic society, and is germane to the central argument of this essay, which situates gender oppression and devices of female resistance in a specific temporal and spatial context. Taking the case of a literary text, We Sinful Women: Contemporary Urdu Feminist Poetry (1991) I will explore the ways in which cultural production becomes a tool of resistance in a climate of social repression. In this anthology a group of women poets from Pakistan, who refuse to conform to both sociocultural and literary traditions, react to oppression by calling attention to the way in which female experiences are policed and controlled by the state. I aim to demonstrate that though poetry is often regarded as a private, emotional genre it can, and does, become an enabling vehicle during political and social upheaval. One of the problems of critically examining Urdu women's poetry is the dearth of scholarship on the subject. Although this anthology was published over ten years ago, there has been little material in English to aid in developing a critical perspective on We Sinful Women. Thus I have had to rely on secondary sources that are

Contemporary Urdu Short Stories: An Anthology

Contemporary Urdu Short Stories: An Anthology