Contemporary Formulation Research Articles

Musthalah al-Tanash Nasyatuhu wa Ta’shiluhu wa Huduruhu fi al-Adab al-‘Arabi

A number of contemporary Arab critics have sought to root many Western critical concepts by searching for their origins in the ancient Arab and rhetorical heritage, including, for example, “intertextuality.” These critics agree that the ancient Arab critical heritage is full of critical theories and concepts, and it is necessary to return to it to uncover the origins of these modern Western theories and concepts, and to reintegrate them into modern criticism. The concept of intertextuality is one of the most Western concepts exposed to rooting in contemporary Arab criticism. This concept was rooted by linking it to old concepts created by Arab critics in the past, such as quotation, inclusion, literary theft, and others. Thus, Arab critics have enriched the human critical heritage with critical theories that they produced and applied to Arab poetic creativity. Arabs knew the idea of intertextuality in its concept, dimensions, and some of its functions, but they did not naturally create this Western term. Some modern Arab critics sought to purify the concept of intertextuality from its impurities that make it a dangerous concept, so that it could be rooted and considered a new and contemporary formulation of the concept of legalized thefts, which Abdul Qaher Al-Jurjani defined as "imitation".

Reviving the balm of Gilead: A contemporary formulation inspired by historical wisdom

Background and aims: The balm of Gilead, steeped in cultural significance, remains enigmatic due to its undefined composition and preparation methods. This study aims to recreate a formulation inspired by this elusive balm, combining historical insights with modern botanical knowledge. Methods: The study employed Populus balsamifera seeds infused with organic olive oil, mirroring historical practices. Essential oils—myrrh, frankincense, and cedar—were selected. Evaluation encompassed appearance, texture, aroma, and pH alignment with historical context and dermatological compatibility. Results: The formulated balm exhibited a smooth texture, earthy aroma, and a pH of 5.5, akin to skin’s natural acidity. These attributes echoed historical practices and holistic approaches. Conclusion: While the formulation mirrors historical attributes, challenges persist due to the genuine balm’s undefined composition. The study highlights the potential of employing Populus balsamifera due to limitations. Future directions include chemical analyses and clinical studies to validate therapeutic potential, bridging historical wisdom with contemporary science.

Clinical Applications of Sunscreens and Formulation Advancements.

Sunscreens cover the big market ratio in terms of cosmetic applications, but the therapeutic necessity of sunscreen still needs to be uncovered in the clinical context. Clinically, sunscreens are being employed more often nowadays as a result of the rising consequences of skin malignancies and the photodamaging effects of UV radiation. Sunscreens are essential to prevent aging by shielding the skin from the harmful effects of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Over the recent decades, there has been a significant evolution in the usage of sunscreens as photo protectants. The demand for sunscreen formulations will inevitably rise as more people become aware of the protection that sunscreens provide against tanning, photoaging, non-melanoma skin cancers, premalignant skin lesions, and skin melanomas. The novel contemporary formulation techniques are also beneficial in enhancing the product's aesthetic look and quality. Recently, regulatory agencies have also started paying attention to the regulation of the clinical application, efficacy, and safety parameters related to sunscreen. This review underlines the pathophysiological response of UV exposure with the therapeutic applications of sunscreen in various dermatological conditions and the recent formulation advancements in the development of sunscreen.

The idea of the university: towards a contemporary formulation

ABSTRACT The idea of the university has been a matter of intense debate for well over a century. The essential nature, role and purpose of the university have long been questioned. The debate has only intensified as universities have multiplied and expanded across the globe, and the demands made upon them by different stakeholders have grown and diversified. This article focuses on how the research literature on the idea of the university has developed over the last 150 years, using this to assess where the debate might be going. It puts forward three key elements for a contemporary idea of the university: the increased use of educational technology, development beyond the university, and mass undergraduate provision.

Making Connections: Leopold’s Land Health, Indigenous Ways of Knowing, Social-Ecological Resilience, and One Health

Abstract Leopold’s land health concept provides a holistic view of the relationship between human health and ecosystem health. Significantly, a similar view is found in the traditional wisdom of Indigenous peoples, as exemplified by the concept of “healthy country, healthy people”. A contemporary formulation of land health is provided by social-ecological resilience, which refers to integrated complex adaptive systems that include social (human) and ecological (biophysical) subsystems in a two-way feedback relationship. Resilience is dynamic and provides the tools for dealing with change and disasters proactively. Building resilience and using social/institutional learning for adaptive governance are relevant to One Health, as are Indigenous concepts for the maintenance of healthy relationships between humans and the ecosystem. One Health Impact Statement The One Health approach centers on the interdependence between the health of humans, animals, and the ecosystem. However, relevant ecosystem concepts have not been developed sufficiently for a comprehensive One Health approach, as pointed out in the editorial by Zinsstag and Crump. The basic idea behind One Health not only goes back many decades in Western science but also to the environmental perception and wisdom of traditional societies. The consideration of these connections is relevant for the development of a solid theoretical basis for One Health.

Towards A Contemporary Formulation Of Smart Envelopes In The Local Environment

Towards A Contemporary Formulation Of Smart Envelopes In The Local Environment

Arsitektur Kontemporer Kota Pada Penggal Jalan D. I. Panjaitan, Kampung Cina Bengkulu

The old town of Bengkulu has elements of urban architecture with distinctive characteristics, one of which is Chinese Town. .D. I. Panjaitan is the main street of Chinese Town which is busy with vehicles, so it acts as the main image of the area. Over time, various architecture has changed in the area, as evidenced by indications of contemporary city architecture in the form of geometric spaces (building form, solid, void, skyline) and functional spaces (functions of spaces and buildings) so it is very interesting to study. Therefore, this research aims to formulate a contemporary architectural formulation of the city on D. I. Panjaitan street by using qualitative and deductive method with geometric space and functional space approach. This research reveals that the contemporary architecture of the city at D. I. Panjaitan street tends to consist of original chinese architecture on the south side and modern architecture on the south side. The functional space consists of settlement, trade and tourism areas. The character of space tends to be related to Chinese cosmological architecture, namely the concept of Sanqing, Wuxing, Bagua or Feng Shui, Jiugongtu and Jingtianzhi. These formulation shaped due to hictorical influences, policies, location, culture and important event.

Digital Textile Design Inspired by Saudi Traditional Symbols of Architecture to Promote the Cultural Identity of Adolescents

Digital Textile Design Inspired by Saudi Traditional Symbols of Architecture to Promote the Cultural Identity of Adolescents

Thoughts on Transference Analysis in Transference-Focused Psychotherapy.

Transference-focused psychotherapy (TFP) represents a specific extension of psychoanalytic therapy for treatment of individuals with personality disorders, who may be helped without the more significant time investment required of a standard psychoanalysis. The treatment represents a contemporary formulation of psychoanalytic psychotherapy, updated in light of both empirical research and scientific developments in boundary fields close to the psychodynamic endeavor, particularly affective neuroscience and the psychology of couples and small groups. In TFP, the transference signifies the enactment in the here and now of a specific affective relationship between patient and therapist that reflects one aspect, defensive or impulsive, of a pathogenic dynamic unconscious conflict. This conflict needs to be analyzed, interpreted, and resolved. Various elements of transference analysis in TFP are discussed in this article.

On the Significance of Assumptions about Divine Goodness and Divine Ontology for ‘Logical’ Arguments from Evil

Sterba’s Is a Good God Logically Possible? (2019) draws attention to the importance of ethical assumptions in ‘logical’ arguments from evil (LAfEs) to the effect that the existence of (certain types) of evil is incompatible with the existence of a God who is all-powerful and morally perfect. I argue, first, that such arguments are likely to succeed only when ‘normatively relativized’—that is, when based on assumptions about divine goodness that may be subject to deep disagreement. I then argue that these arguments for atheism are also, and more fundamentally, conditioned by assumptions about the ontology of the divine. I criticise Sterba’s consideration of the implications for his own novel LAfE of the possibility that God is not a moral agent, arguing that Sterba fails to recognize the radical nature of this claim. I argue that, if we accept the ‘classical theist’ account that Brian Davies provides (interpreting Aquinas), then God does not count as ‘an’ agent at all, and the usual contemporary formulation of ‘the problem of evil’ falls away. I conclude by noting that the question of the logical compatibility of evil’s existence with divine goodness is settled in the affirmative by classical theism by appeal to its doctrine that evil is always the privation in something that exists of the good that ought to be.

Redemptive Transformational Learning for Ministry and Theological Education, Part 1

This article continues the conversation between theological education and Transformative Learning (TL) theory by proposing a Redemptive Transformational Learning paradigm. The author explores a biblical-theology of transformation across Creation, Fall, Redemption, and New Creation, reviews the development of TL from Jack Mezirow to its contemporary formulation, and offers an appreciative critique of TL. This critique orients the path forward, toward a redemptive approach to the practice of TL in theological education and church-based educational ministries.

Esencjalizm, antyhaecceityzm i haecceityzm

A standard contemporary formulation essentialism defines essential properties with a help of a concept of possible worlds. It is often argued that in order to use possible worlds effectively, facts about transworld identity of individuals need to be determined. In this paper I discuss how essentialist might attempt the issue of transworld identity of individuals. Specifically, I analyze a connection between essentialism and the two theories that explain the transworld identity issue, that is, haecceitism and antihaecceitism. I provide a detailed analysis of different variants of antihaecceitism and argue, that all of them are incompatible with basic intuitions that stay behind essentialism. In contrast to that, I defend a position that essentialism ought to be combined with some form of haecceitism. In the remainder of this paper I provide the two ways through which essentialist might be a haecceitist.

The Concept of «Right» and the Focal Point of Juridicity in Debate between Villey, Tierney, Finnis and Hervada

The article revisits and seeks to clarify and provide with new perspectives the debate between the theoretical approaches of four authors – Michel Villey, Brian Tierney, John Finnis and Javier Hervada – in their accounts of the contemporary formulation of the concept of “ius”. Although all authors analyzed in the paper share common thomistic roots in their respective argumentations on the essential meaning and content of the concept of “right”, they still differ in their accounts with regard to the understanding of Aquinas’s classical juridical realism, the relation between “law” and “right” and the role of subjective rights in history and in today’s juridical discourse. The paper seeks to highlight how such comparative perspective reveals not only the contrasts in the theoretical accounts of these authors with regard to the structural “locus” of the focal point of juridicity, but also renders manifest certain perspectives of integration of each approach with contributions achieved by the other interlocutors of the debate.

The Concept of «Right» and the Focal Point of Juridicity in Debate between Villey, Tierney, Finnis and Hervada

The article revisits and seeks to clarify and provide with new perspectives the debate between the theoretical approaches of four authors – Michel Villey, Brian Tierney, John Finnis and Javier Hervada – in their accounts of the contemporary formulation of the concept of “ius”. Although all authors analyzed in the paper share common thomistic roots in their respective argumentations on the essential meaning and content of the concept of “right”, they still differ in their accounts with regard to the understanding of Aquinas’s classical juridical realism, the relation between “law” and “right” and the role of subjective rights in history and in today’s juridical discourse. The paper seeks to highlight how such comparative perspective reveals not only the contrasts in the theoretical accounts of these authors with regard to the structural “locus” of the focal point of juridicity, but also renders manifest certain perspectives of integration of each approach with contributions achieved by the other interlocutors of the debate.

Iftā’ and Fatwa in the Muslim World and the West

In his review of Maha Elkaisy-Friemuth’s Gods and Humans in IslamicThought: Abdul-Jabbār, Ibn Sīna and al-Ghazāli (Abingdon: Routledge,2006), Sajjad Rizvi (2008) identifies three paths proposed by three influentialmedieval thinkers as characterizing the interconnected nature of intellectualinquiry in Islam: Abd al-Jabbar (d. 1025), regarded as representing the kalām tradition, Ibn Sina (d. 1037) of the philosophical orientation, and al-Ghazali(d. 1111) of the Sufi tradition. If Rizvi had accurately added the juridical orjurisprudential dimension to Elkaisy-Friemuth’s perspective, his review wouldhave panoramically captured the essence of Islam’s intellectual tradition. Theelegant book under review, Iftā and Fatwa in the Muslim World and the West,edited by Zulfiqar Ali Shah, has taken care of that major omission in whatmay be described as a virtually all-encompassing look at emerging concernsin iftā’ (formulating a fatwa) and fatwa (issuing a fatwa).The book features an introduction by the editor and eight chapters byscholars in the various foci of the subject covered. The introduction situatesthe book’s subject in a historical context and exposes its indebtedness tothe seminar convened during July 2011 by the International Institute of IslamicThought’s (IIIT) Summer Institute for Scholars, which addressed thistopic. The editor attributes the emergence of consensus on the chaotic natureof the contemporary processes of both iftā’ and fatwa to the seminar.He then identifies the intellectual skills required for analytical reasoning,as well as the broad general knowledge of the fields relevant to the culturalcontexts of their verdicts, as the strength that characterized the excellentperformance of scholars in fatwa formulation and issuance from the riseof the Abbasids in 750 to the fall of Andalusia in 1492. Conversely, contemporaryknowledge is fragmented into specializations and sub-specializations,all of which can hardly be mastered by one scholar or group ofscholars. The editor, who engages critically with various issues and concernsinvolved in the contemporary formulation and issuance of fatwa, alsoprovides a brief description of each chapter’s subject. However, the wordal-fiqh al-istidlālī (demonstrative fiqh) is wrongly rendered as fiqh alistighlālī(p. 10) ...

The Problem of the Unity of Consciousness: A Buddhist Solution

Presented here is the Yogācāra account of unity of consciousness, showing how it relates to contemporary philosophical accounts. Section 1 briefly charts the relevant Abhidharma background and the reasons that led the Yogācāra to the postulation of ālaya-vijñāna . Section 2 explains the contemporary formulation of the “unity of consciousness” problem and its significance in the search for neural correlates of consciousness. Section 3 shows that the Yogācāra notion of basic consciousness and neuroscientific research on Open Monitoring meditation offer useful insights for establishing a coherent philosophical account of unity of consciousness.

On Galileo’s Tallest Column

The height at which an unloaded column will fail under its own weight was calculated for first time by Galileo for cylindrical columns. Galileo questioned himself if there exists a shape function for the cross section of the column with which it can attain a greater height than the cylindrical column. The problem is not solved since then, although the definition of the so named “constant maximum strength” solids seems to give an affirmative answer to Galileo’s question, in the form of shapes which seem to attain infinite height, even when loaded with a useful load at the top. The main contribution of this work is to show that Galileo’s problem is (i) an important problem for structural design theory of buildings and other structures, (ii) not solved by the time being in any sense, and (iii) an interesting problem for mathematicians involved in related but very different problems (as Euler’s tallest column). A contemporary formulation of the problem is included as a result of a research on the subject.

The Doctrine of Double Effect

This essay consists of some clarifying remarks on the doctrine of double effect (DDE). After providing a contemporary formulation of the doctrine we put special emphasis on the distinction between those aspects of an action plan that are intended and those that are merely foreseen (the I/F distinction). Making use of this distinction is often made difficult in practice because salient aspects of the action plan exhibit a felt “closeness” to one another that is difficult if not impossible to articulate with the precision we might like. The essay goes on to examine an especially adroit criticism of DDE best articulated by J. J. Thomson. We conclude with a brand new double effect case (new to the philosophical literature anyway) taken from medicine and Roman Catholic pastoral ministry.

Performance of a Method for Formulating Geometrically Exact Complementarity Constraints in Multibody Dynamic Simulation

Contemporary problem formulation methods used in the dynamic simulation of rigid bodies suffer from problems in accuracy, performance, and robustness. Significant allowances for parameter tuning, coupled with careful implementation of a broad-phase collision detection scheme are required to make dynamic simulation useful for practical applications. A constraint formulation method is presented herein that is more robust, and not dependent on broad-phase collision detection or system tuning for its behavior. Several uncomplicated benchmark examples are presented to give an analysis and make a comparison of the new polyhedral exact geometry (PEG) method with the well-known Stewart–Trinkle method. The behavior and performance for the two methods are discussed. This includes specific cases where contemporary methods fail to match theorized and observed system states in simulation, and how they are ameliorated by the new method presented here. The goal of this work is to complete the groundwork for further research into high performance simulation.

Affective Relatedness in Stance and Process: Commentary on Papers by Stuart A. Pizer and Barbara Pizer

Although these papers by Stuart and Barbara Pizer might initially seem unrelated, I find in them a deep complementarity, presenting an interlocking approach to analytic stance or attitude and analytic process. Both papers are responses to the totalizing nature of knowing that can reduce our ineffable subjectivity to chattel, to be used as spare parts in the service of avoiding the existential agonies of our own vulnerability in the face of death. I see generous involvement as a contemporary formulation of neutrality and as a necessary foundational stance for an analytic process captured eloquently by the notion of moving feeling forward, a process of de-totalizing, of opening a generous experience of the other as an irreducible mystery.