Contact System Research Articles

ПОЛИАРИЛЕНЭФИРКЕТОНЫ В КАЧЕСТВЕ ПРОВОДНИКА В ТОКОСЪЕМНОЙ СИСТЕМЕ СОЛНЕЧНОГО ЭЛЕМЕНТА

The paper investigates the thermomechanical and electrical properties of a number of thermoplastic copolymers poly(arylene ether ketones) (co-PAEK) containing fluorene groups in the main chain of the macromolecule. Co-PAEKs are being studied for the purpose of their use in the contact system of a solar cell with a transparent conductive oxide (TCO) electrode and a multiwire contact grid. Polymer films are used as conductive adhesives to form an electrical contact between metal wire and TCO. The formation of an electrically conductive contact occurs during lamination at an excess pressure of 1 atm and a temperature of maximum deformation of co-PAEK, while the copolymer switches from the initial dielectric to a stable highly conductive state. Co-PAEKs with the content of fluorene groups ( q ) 5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 mol.% are synthesized, having the same molecular weight and the reduced viscosity of ~0.38 dl/g. To select the optimal contact system formation temperature for each coPAEK, the glass transition temperature ( T g) and the peak strain temperature ( T d) were determined from thermo mechanical curves. It was found that with increasing q , the temperature T g increases from 162 to 185°С, and T d from 203 to 223°С. The specific contact resistances (ρС) in the metal wire/co-PAEK/TCO (ITO - In2O3:Sn) system were determined for a round copper wire coated with indium:tin (In:Sn) solder, as well as for tin-plated wire, depending on the content of fluorene groups in the copolymer. The specific contact resistance ρС for wire with (In:Sn) solder varies in the range of 0.56-0.83 mΩ cm2, for tin-plated wire - 0.84-1.43 mΩ cm2, and co-PAEK with q = 5 mol % showed the lowest ρС in both cases. The ρC of wire/co-PAEK/ITO contacts has been studied as a function of the resistivity of ITO grown by ultrasonic spray pyrolysis on silicon substrates. The temperature dependence of the resistivity of the wire/co-PAEK/ITO contact was studied in the temperature range of 5-85°C, and a conclusion was made about the metallic type of dependence. According to the results of microscopic studies of the contact area, the typical minimum co-PAEK layer thickness between the wire and ITO after the formation of the contact was determined, which is in the range of 0.5-2.4 μm.

Anti-HK antibody inhibits the plasma contact system by blocking prekallikrein and factor XI activation invivo.

A dysregulated plasma contact system is involved in various pathological conditions, such as hereditary angioedema, Alzheimer disease, and sepsis. We previously showed that the 3E8 anti-high molecular weight kininogen (anti-HK) antibody blocks HK cleavage and bradykinin generation in human plasma exvivo. Here, we show that 3E8 prevented not only HK cleavage but also factor XI (FXI) and prekallikrein (PK) activation by blocking their binding to HK in mouse plasma invivo. 3E8 also inhibited contact system-induced bradykinin generation invivo. Interestingly, FXII activation was also inhibited, likely because of the ability of 3E8 to block the positive feedback activation of FXII by kallikrein (PKa). In human plasma, 3E8 also blocked PK and FXI binding to HK and inhibited both thrombotic (FXI activation) and inflammatory pathways (PK activation and HK cleavage) of the plasma contact system activation exvivo. Moreover, 3E8 blocked PKa binding to HK and dose-dependently inhibited PKa cleavage of HK. Our results reveal a novel strategy to inhibit contact system activation invivo, which may provide an effective method to treat human diseases involving contact system dysregulation.

Predictive value for increased activated factor XI activity in acute venous thromboembolism

BackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is associated with excessive coagulation activity, which in part can be attributed to activation of contact system. However, the knowledge regarding the impact of contact activation in acute VTE is limited. ObjectiveTo unravel the involvement of contact activation in acute VTE. MethodsContact activation was investigated in patients with acute VTE (n = 321) and population controls without a history of VTE (n = 300). For comparison, Factor XI(a) levels, activity, and plasma kallikrein (PKa) activity were determined in plasma samples with an activated partial thromboplastin time– or thrombin generation-based assay (free FXI concentration [FXI:c] and calibrated automated thrombogram:FXIa, respectively) and with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays for enzyme-inhibitor complexes (FXIa:alpha-1-antitrypsin [α1AT], FXIa:antithrombin [AT], FXIa:C1-inhibitor [C1Inh], and PKa:C1-inh). ResultsIn patients with VTE, higher FXI:c levels (124 ± 37% vs 114 ± 28%), but lower calibrated automated thrombogram:FXIa levels were apparent. This was accompanied by increased FXIa:α1AT, FXIa:AT, and PKa:C1-inh levels in patients compared with controls (312pM [238–424] vs 203pM [144–288]; 29pM [23–38] vs 23pM [20–30]; 1.9nM [1.2–4.7] vs 1.4nM [0.7–3.5], respectively), whereas FXIa:C1-inh levels did not differ. Logistic regression models showed good discriminatory values for FXI:c and FXIa:α1AT (area under the curve = 0.64 [0.6/0.69] and 0.73 [0.69/0.77], respectively). After a 2-year follow-up, 81 recurrent VTE events or deaths occurred in the patient cohort, for which the baseline levels of FXIa:α1AT and FXIa:C1Inh had a significant prognostic value (Hazard ratios per SD [95% CI], 1.26 [1.10–1.45]; p =.0012 and 1.19 [1.05–1.36]; p =.0082, respectively). ConclusionOur study revealed elevated FXIa levels and activity in acute VTE, which was also associated with recurrent VTE, suggesting an important risk contribution of FXI activation to VTE. The evidence provided by this study supports the utility of FXIa inhibition in the setting of acute VTE.

Modeling Power Flows and Electromagnetic Fields Induced by Compact Overhead Lines Feeding Traction Substations of Mainline Railroads

The ongoing re-equipment of electric power systems is based on the use of smart grid technologies. Among the key tasks that are solved on this basis are increasing the capacity of power transmission lines, reducing losses, and improving power quality. To address these issues, one can use compact power transmission lines. Such lines are notable for their complex split-phase designs and close together placement of current-conducting parts, so as to keep the distance to a permissible minimum, which is achieved by the use of insulating spacers. This article reports the results of computer-aided simulations performed for a standard railroad power supply system, the traction substations of which were connected to 220 kV networks through compact overhead lines (COHLs). The purpose of the study was to calculate the values of quantitative metrics that measure power quality and energy efficiency as well as electromagnetic safety. Modeling was performed in the three-phase reference frame with the use of techniques and algorithms implemented in the Fazonord software package. We considered a power supply system with 25 kV overhead contact systems. It was assumed that the external network used three different designs of COHLs: with coaxial, linear, and sector-shaped arrangements of conductors. Based on the results obtained, we concluded that (1) when using COHLs, the voltages on bow collectors of electric rolling stock were stabilized and did not exceed permissible limits; (2) losses in the traction network were reduced; and (3) the parameters of power quality and electromagnetic safety conditions in external power supply systems of railroads were improved, if judged in terms of electric and magnetic field strengths. Out of the eight types of COHLs considered, compact lines with the three-segment and concentric arrangement of conductors had the best performance, and the use of COHLs with the vertical arrangement of conductors made it possible to reduce electric field strengths. However, the designs of such transmission lines are quite complex and entail higher construction costs.

Molecular dynamics data-driven study of leidenfrost phenomena in context to liquid thin film phase transformation

In many micro and nanoscale applications of thin film phase transition, identifying the circumstances that allows stable liquid contact with a heated surface is critical. Using molecular dynamics (MD) simulations, our current data driven machine learning-based study attempts to examine the properties of liquid interaction with a solid surface at nanoscale. A few nanometer-thick liquid argon layer over a platinum surface has been used to simulate a liquid-solid contact system. The wall temperature is raised linearly after necessary initial equilibration of the entire system, with different boundary heating rates for various surface wetting conditions, namely hydrophobic, hydrophilic, and superhydrophilic. Our current investigation shows that the heating condition, liquid film thickness, and surface wetting condition all have a significant impact on the type of liquid wall contact that persists during the phase transition phenomena of thin liquid argon film (i.e., normal evaporation or explosive boiling). In the event of normal evaporation, a stable liquid contact with the solid surface continues, however in the case of explosive boiling, the liquid film is splashed away from the solid surface resembling the macroscopic Leidenfrost effect. For various system configurations in regard to liquid initial film thickness, liquid heating rate as well as solid-liquid interaction, a wide variation of the onset time as well as the wall temperature of boiling explosion have been found in the present study. An accurate mapping of the Leidenfrost conditions in context to nanoscale thin film liquid-vapor phase process has been generated using a predictive model based on deep neural networks that has been designed, trained and cross validated against molecular dynamics data of the present study.

The enhancing energy efficiency of sulfadiazine degradation using a DBD-contact plasma treatment process

Nonthermal plasma has attracted extensive attention because of its ability to remove emerging organic micropollutants. However, its high amount of energy consumption severely limits its economic feasibility. In this study, sulfadiazine degradation was achieved in an optimized dielectric barrier discharge (DBD)-Contact system. The sulfadiazine removal in the DBD-Contact/peroxymonosulfate (PMS) system reached 91.8% within 15 min. Compared to a conventional DBD system, the energy efficiency (G50) of the DBD-Contact/PMS system was 4.37 times greater, which meant a saving of 77.17% in electricity consumption. The reactive species generated by discharge plasma were identified as mostly excited nitrogen species in the gas phase, and after transferred to the water phase, OH and SO4− played an important role in the sulfadiazine removal. The hydroxylation of the S-N bond and the nucleophilic reaction of the pyrimidine ring were proposed as mechanisms for the sulfadiazine degradation, and the developmental and acute toxicity was significantly reduced after treatment. Furthermore, the DBD-Contact/PMS system showed good applicability in a wide pH range and complex practical water samples. This study finds that the DBD-Contact/PMS system can degrade antibiotics with high efficiency and low energy consumption and provides new insights for the practical application of DBD technology in water treatment.

The effect of airborne Palladium nanoparticles on human lung cells, endothelium and blood – A combinatory approach using three in vitro models

A better understanding of the mechanisms behind adverse health effects caused by airborne fine particles and nanoparticles (NP) is essential to improve risk assessment and identification the most critical particle exposures. While the use of automobile catalytic converters is decreasing the exhausts of harmful gases, concentrations of fine airborne particles and nanoparticles (NPs) from catalytic metals such as Palladium (Pd) are reaching their upper safe level. Here we used a combinatory approach with three in vitro model systems to study the toxicity of Pd particles, to infer their potential effects on human health upon inhalation. The three model systems are 1) a lung system with human lung cells (ALI), 2) an endothelial cell system and 3) a human whole blood loop system. All three model systems were exposed to the exact same type of Pd NPs. The ALI lung cell exposure system showed a clear reduction in cell growth from 24 h onwards and the effect persisted over a longer period of time. In the endothelial cell model, Pd NPs induced apoptosis, but not to the same extent as the most aggressive types of NPs such as TiO2. Similarly, Pd triggered clear coagulation and contact system activation but not as forcefully as the highly thrombogenic TiO2 NPs. In summary, we show that our 3-step in vitro model of the human lung and surrounding vessels can be a useful tool for studying pathological events triggered by airborne fine particles and NPs.

An automatic text generation algorithm of technical disclosure for catenary construction based on knowledge element model

Preparing technical disclosure documents has always been a labor-intensive task in the site management practice of current OCS (Overhead Contact System) project construction, and the overall information level of construction management is not high. As a result, the technical disclosure documents are of poor quality, which significantly affects the effective play of technical documents in guiding construction activities. In view of the above limitations, this paper proposes a text-generation method for OCS engineering technical disclosure based on a knowledge element model. By investigating the characteristics of OCS engineering technical knowledge, a representation model is established to model the technical knowledge from multiple sources, such as case data, standard specifications, and design data. As OCS engineering is highly standardized, we propose a case-rule hybrid reasoning model for the reuse of OCS engineering case knowledge. The mining and utilization of earlier engineering technical knowledge are made possible by similar retrieval of precedent situations and adaptive rules modification. Finally, we suggest an automatic text-generating technique based on a configuration template for new building projects. The knowledge element model is converted into a technical disclosure document expressed in natural language using a two-level mapping process. The cantilever installation project is used as an illustration for empirical research, and relevant practitioners are invited to carry out a manual review by questionnaire from the perspectives of topic relevance, topic integrity, topic word implication, sentence smoothness, sentence continuity, and information volume. At the same time, standard assessment metrics such as BLEU and ROUGE are employed to compare with the neural network-based text generation approach. The outcomes demonstrate that the strategy suggested in this paper can generate technical disclosure text that performs well. Overall, its text integrity and readability may satisfy on-site management's demands and help on-site management lessen the workload of technical management staff.

Multi-time scale optimization scheduling of microgrid considering source and load uncertainty

With the increase of renewable energy penetration in microgrid and the stochasticity of customer load, microgrid faces new difficulties in maintaining the smooth power of contact lines and system economy when achieving optimal scheduling. In order to balance the accuracy, economy and robustness of microgrid scheduling better, a multi-time scale optimal scheduling strategy for microgrids considering the uncertainty of source and load is proposed. In the day-ahead scheduling stage, a two-stage distributionally robust optimal scheduling model is established with the objective of minimizing the comprehensive day-ahead scheduling cost of the microgrid, and the optimal day-ahead scheduling solution is found under the probability distribution of the worst scenario. In the intra-day scheduling stage, based on the prediction value of source and load with higher accuracy, a distributed model predictive control method is used to build an intra-day rolling optimization and real-time adjustment optimal scheduling model, which ensures the effective implementation of the day-ahead plan and fully suppresses power fluctuation of the contact line. The simulation results show that the proposed multi-time scale optimal scheduling method can not only maintain the smooth power of contact lines, but also achieve robust and economic operation of the microgrid.

Design and Study of the Key Characteristics of a New DC Vacuum Interrupter With a High Peak and Low Residual Magnetic Field

With the rapid development of multiterminal high-voltage direct current (HVdc) transmission systems, the research and development of high-speed and stable high-voltage dc circuit breakers have received attention. Among them, mechanical dc circuit breakers based on manual zero-crossing dc breaking technology have been applied in practical projects, owing to their small size, low on-state loss, and low price. However, this method adds a high-frequency current, which deteriorates the magnetic field between the poles of the interrupter when the arc is broken. Therefore, the development of HVdc circuit breakers that maintain high peak magnetic fields and low residual magnetic fields at high frequencies has become the key to the development of multiterminal HVdc transmission. To solve this problem, this article proposes a new interrupter for a vacuum dc circuit breaker based on artificial zero-crossing technology and studies its key characteristics, such as temperature rise, electromagnetic field, and arc column plasma distribution characteristics. The results reveal that the new interrupter proposed in this article has a low-temperature rise, uniformly distributed electric field, high peak value and low remanence of the longitudinal magnetic field, and uniformly distributed plasma in the arc column, and exhibits arc diffusion. Its ability to cope with high-frequency current is significantly higher than that of the traditional cup-shaped axial magnetic field (AMF) contact system interrupter, which is conducive to the high-speed and stable breaking of the interrupter.

Peptides Derived from a Plant Protease Inhibitor of the Coagulation Contact System Decrease Arterial Thrombus Formation in a Murine Model, without Impairing Hemostatic Parameters.

Several plant protein inhibitors with anticoagulant properties have been studied and characterized, including the Delonix regia trypsin inhibitor (DrTI). This protein inhibits serine proteases (trypsin) and enzymes directly involved in coagulation, such as plasma kallikrein, factor XIIa, and factor XIa. In this study, we evaluated the effects of two new synthetic peptides derived from the primary sequence of DrTI in coagulation and thrombosis models to understand the mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of thrombus formation as well as in the development of new antithrombotic therapies. Both peptides acted on in vitro hemostasis-related parameters, showing promising results, prolonging the Partially Activated Thromboplastin Time (aPTT) and inhibited platelet aggregation induced by adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and arachidonic acid. In murine models, for arterial thrombosis induced by photochemical injury, and platelet-endothelial interactions monitored by intravital microscopy, both peptides at doses of 0.5 mg/kg significantly extended the time of artery occlusion and modified the platelet adhesion and aggregation pattern with no changes in bleeding time, demonstrating the high biotechnological potential of both molecules.

Calphad-informed thermodynamic non-equilibrium simulation of non-isothermal solid-state reactions of magnesium aluminate spinel based on the thermodynamic extremal principle

The understanding of solid-state reactions and interphase formation at elevated temperatures and also under non-isothermal conditions, e.g., of the interphase formation of magnesium aluminate spinel at the periclase corundum contact system is of high interest. In this work, a computational framework which allows the simulation of interlayer formation under non-isothermal conditions is developed. Therefore, Gibbs energies of the CALPHAD database have been directly coupled with kinetic evolution equations derived from the thermodynamic extremal principle, which itself is extended in this work for considering besides internal phenomena like diffusion, interface migration and vacancy generation and annihilation also externally applied thermal rates in terms of cooling and heating. With the developed framework the magnesium aluminate spinel formation is studied under different isothermal states and non-isothermal conditions, where special focus is put on the thermal rate dependent asymmetric interface movements during interlayer growth.

Evolution of the force chain structure of partially saturated granular material under triaxial compression conditions

Saturation conditions play a significant role in the mechanical behavior of granular material and the evolution of an interparticle contact system during the loading process. Using data derived from discrete element simulations of granular assemblies subject to triaxial compression loading with different suctions, we examine the properties of an interparticle contact network and force chain structure to provide a comprehensive picture of the evolution of a particle-scale contact system. The study focuses on the evolution of the topological statistic features (including degree and triangles) and the force chain structure characteristics influenced by suction conditions. To comprehensively evaluate the characteristics of the force chain system, combined statistical parameters are proposed for describing the linearization and intensity of the force chain structure, which account for multiple features of force chains. Accordingly, a novel expression combined with multiscale properties is proposed for strength prediction that convincingly explains data results in the studied suction range. This study illustrates the consistency of the evolving force chain structure features with mechanical behavior that provides new insights for understanding the particle-scale force chain structure evolution from which these properties dominate the macroscopic response.

Charge Density Evolution Governing Interfacial Friction.

It is well-known that the electron nature of a solid in contact plays a predominant role in determining the many properties of the contact systems, but the general rules of electron coupling that govern interfacial friction remain an open issue for the surface/interface community. Here, density functional theory calculations were used to investigate the physical origins of friction of solid interfaces. It was found that interfacial friction can be inherently traced back to the electronic barrier to the change in the contact configuration of the joints in slip due to the resistance of energy level rearrangement leading to electron transfer, which applies for various interface types ranging from van der Waals, metallic, and ionic to covalent joints. The variation of the electron density accompanying contact conformation changes along the sliding pathways is defined to track the frictional energy dissipation process occurring in slip. The results demonstrate that the frictional energy landscapes evolve synchronously with responding charge density evolution along sliding pathways, yielding an explicitly linear dependence of frictional dissipation on electronic evolution. The correlation coefficient enables us to interpret the fundamental concept of shear strength. The present charge evolution model thereby provides insights into the classic hypothesis that the friction force scales with the real contact area. This may shed light on the intrinsic origin of friction at the electronic level, opening the way to the rational design of nanomechanical devices as well as the understanding of the natural faults.

Development of the Generator for a Small Capacity Bulb Hydropower Unit

The generator design development matters for a small bulb hydropower unit is discussed. Synchronous units with a brushless exciter and a brush contact system, with excitation from permanent magnets, as well as an inductor generator were considered as design options. Electromagnetic, ventilation, and thermal analyses are performed, and the dynamics and strength of the main components of a synchronous generator with a brushless exciter are evaluated. The main technical problems have been solved: reducing the generator mass and dimension parameters, reducing its material intensity, decreasing the production cost, increasing the efficiency, and increasing installation readiness and maintainability, reducing windage losses, working out the ventilation system, and enhancement of operational autonomy. It is shown that the generator quantitative and qualitative characteristics can be improved significantly by applying the concept of a synchronous salient pole electrical machine. The possibility of stable generator operation in various modes of its use is shown.

Phenomenological Laws of Single Point Contact: Pre-Rolling Contact Resistance through Pendulum

The development results of a single-point contact system set up as a pendulum to study the laws of rolling resistance to contacting bodies at a distance significantly reduced compared to the elastic contact spot size. The designed device uses a physical pendulum sustained by only one ball on a flat polished surface. The problem of stability of the pendulum swing plane is solved. A phenomenological theory of rolling resistance is described. The surface tension of solids on the contact zone, parameters of the frequency-independent internal friction and the pressure of the adhesion forces are found.

Alveolar macrophages drive lung fibroblast function in cocultures of IPF and normal patient samples.

Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is characterized by increased collagen accumulation that is progressive and nonresolving. Although fibrosis progression may be regulated by fibroblasts and alveolar macrophage (AM) interactions, this cellular interplay has not been fully elucidated. To study AM-fibroblast interactions, cells were isolated from IPF and normal human lung tissue and cultured independently or together in direct 2-D coculture, direct 3-D coculture, indirect transwell, and in 3-D hydrogels. AM influence on fibroblast function was assessed by gene expression, cytokine/chemokine secretion, and hydrogel contractility. Normal AMs cultured in direct contact with fibroblasts downregulated extracellular matrix (ECM) gene expression whereas IPF AMs had little to no effect. Fibroblast contractility was assessed by encapsulating cocultures in 3-D collagen hydrogels and monitoring gel diameter over time. Both normal and IPF AMs reduced baseline contractility of normal fibroblasts but had little to no effect on IPF fibroblasts. When stimulated with Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists, IPF AMs increased production of pro-inflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL-1β, compared with normal AMs. TLR ligand stimulation did not alter fibroblast contraction, but stimulation with exogenous TNFα and TGFβ did alter contraction. To determine if the observed changes required cell-to-cell contact, AM-conditioned media and transwell systems were utilized. Transwell culture showed decreased ECM gene expression changes compared with direct coculture and conditioned media from AMs did not alter fibroblast contraction regardless of disease state. Taken together, these data indicate that normal fibroblasts are more responsive to AM crosstalk, and that AM influence on fibroblast behavior depends on cell proximity.

Research of Dynamic Processes in an Anvil During a Collision with a Sample

Abstract The paper concerns modelling the dynamics of the contact system of the tested sample with an elastic half-space (anvil) during their collision. The original elements in the paper include the proposed general approach to solving the problem of contact dynamics. The presented approach consists in determining the force of impact on the sample during the collision and the joint solution of the problem for the tested sample and the problem for an elastic semi-space under the conditions of the assumptions of Hertz’s theory. The resulting interaction forces allow the determination of displacements and stresses.

Non-Conjugated Copoly(Arylene Ether Ketone) for the Current-Collecting System of a Solar Cell with Indium Tin Oxide Electrode

The mechanism of charge carrier transport in the indium tin oxide (ITO)/polymer/Cu structure is studied, where thin films of copoly(arylene ether ketone) with cardo fluorene moieties are used. This copoly(arylene ether ketone) is non-conjugated polymer which has the properties of electronic switching from the insulating to the highly conductive state. The dependence on the polymer film thickness of such parameters as the potential barrier at the ITO/polymer interface, the concentration of charge carriers, and their mobility in the polymer is studied for the first time. The study of this system is of interest due to the proven potential of using the synthesized polymer in the contact system of a silicon solar cell with an ITO top layer. The parameters of charge carriers and ITO/polymer barrier are evaluated based on the analysis of current-voltage characteristics of ITO/polymer/Cu structure within the injection current models and the Schottky model. The thickness of the polymer layer varies from 50 nm to 2.1 µm. The concentration of intrinsic charge carriers increases when decreasing the polymer film thickness. The charge carrier mobility depends irregularly on the thickness, showing a maximum of 9.3 × 10-4 cm2/V s at 210 nm and a minimum of 4.7 × 10-11 cm2/V s at 50 nm. The conductivity of polymer films first increases with a decrease in thickness from 2.1 µm to 210 nm, but then begins to decrease upon transition to the globular structure of the films at smaller thicknesses. The dependence of the barrier height on polymer thickness has a minimum of 0.28 eV for films 100-210 nm thick. The influence of the supramolecular structure and surface charge field of thin polymer films on the transport of charge carriers is discussed.

Effect of Ambient Temperature on Current Collection Quality in Pantograph–Catenary Interaction

This paper investigates the effect of the ambient temperature change on the dynamic interaction between pantograph and catenary (PAC). Thermal expansion/contraction of the components of the overhead contact system (OCS) is considered. Simulation results show that the thermal stress has a much greater influence on the longitudinal positioning of the contact wire than on the horizontal and vertical positioning. When ambient temperature reduces to [Formula: see text] from design temperature of [Formula: see text]C, the maximum longitudinal displacement of the positioner can reach as high as 301 mm, while the maximum horizontal and vertical displacement of the positioner is within 4[Formula: see text]mm. The change of ambient temperature results in the uneven tension distribution of the contact wire, especially near the central anchor. With the increase in temperature, the tension of contact wire decreases; vice versa, with the decrease in temperature, the tension of contact wire increases. For nine-span OCS, the tension change caused by ambient temperature change shall not exceed 2%. The variation of ambient temperature also leads to the deterioration of current collection quality. It is shown that a decreasing ambient temperature results in more significant changes in contact force, close to 5%. An increasing ambient temperature environment leads to a higher uplift of pantograph, close to 30%.