Consumption Propensity Research Articles

외식소비성향이 HMR관여도와 행동의도에 미치는 영향

본 연구에서는 외식 소비자의 외식소비유형이 HMR관여도와 행동의도에 대한 연구를 통해 HMR관여도의 선행변수로서 외식소비자들의 외식소비유형에 대해 연구하고자 하며, 외식소비유형과 HMR관여도와의 영향 관계를 규명하고, HMR관여도와 행동의도와의 인과관계를 확인함으로써 HMR제품에 대한 만족도를 향상시킬 수 있는 차별화된 마케팅 활동을 통해 이익 극대화를 이루어 경쟁력을 증진 시키는데 기여할 수 있는 기초자료를 제시하고자 한다. 본 연구의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 첫째, 가설 1의 분석 결과, 외식소비성향 지각 요인 중 건강추구형, 경제가치구추형, 신속편의추구형 요인이 HMR관여도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 외식향유형은 HMR관여도에 유의 수준내에서 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 가설 2의 분서 결과, 독립변수 외식소비자의 HMR관여도 요인은 행동의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것을 확인 할 수 있었다. 셋째, 가설 3의 분석 결과, 외식소비성향 지각 요인 중 건강추구형, 경제가치구추형, 신속편의추구형 요인이 행동의도에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났으며, 외식향유형은 행동의도에 유의 수준내에서 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 가설의 검증결과를 종합하여 볼 때, 빠르게 변화하는 외식소비자들의 성향에 맞는 제품을 개발함으로써 외식소비자의 HMR관여도와 가치, 만족도를 높이고 기존고객 및 신규고객을 창출할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. 따라서 외식소비자들의 HMR 관여도와 행동의도, 만족도를 높일 수 있는 간편함과 건강까지 고려할 수 있는 HMR제품 개발을 통하여 외식소비자의 만족도를 높여 행동의도를 극대화하는데 초점을 맞추어야 할 것이다.

웨딩이벤트 소비자의 소비가치와 소비성향이 웨딩이벤트 선택속성과 행동의도에 미치는 영향

웨딩이벤트 소비자의 소비가치와 소비성향이 웨딩이벤트 선택속성과 행동의도에 미치는 영향

소비성향과 브랜드 자산에 의한 항공 시장세분화 연구

소비성향과 브랜드 자산에 의한 항공 시장세분화 연구

Adjusting Discrepancies between National Accounts and Household Survey Measures of the Propensity to Consume

소비에 관한 이론을 검정하거나 정책을 수립하기 위해서는 처분가능소득대비 소비지출로 정의되는 가계소비성향을 정확히 측정하는 것이 필요하다. 그런데 한국은행 국민계정의 소비성향과 통계청 가계동향조사의 소비성향은 수준면에서 20%p 내외의 큰 격차를 보이는데다 변화의 방향도 일치하지 않는 모습을 보이고 있다. 통계청 가계동향조사 방식의 개편으로 2017년 이후의 소비성향을 그 이전과 연속적으로 비교 관찰할 수 없게 됨으로써 소비성향에 대한 보정 지표 개발의 필요성은 더 높아지게 되었다. 본 연구는 두 기관의 소비성향에서 나타나는 격차의 원인을 파악한 뒤 서로 근접한 소비성향을 도출하고자 하였다. 소득과 소비에 관한 12개 항목을 보정하여 소비성향을 산출하였는데, 보정 후에 격차가 크게 줄어들었으며 2016년 기준으로 국민계정과 가계동향조사의 보정된 소비성향은 각각 80.5%와 74.8%인 것으로 나타났다. 다만 보정소비성향 간의 격차는 줄어들었지만 변화의 방향에 있어서는 여전히 차이가 사라지지 않고 있는데, 가용한 통계를 동원하여 소비성향을 정확하게 측정하는 작업이 계속되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.We need an accurate measure of the propensity to consume (household consumption divided by disposable income) when designing policies having impacts on household consumption as well as testing macroeconomic theories. However, there are significant discrepancies between the two propensities in the National Accounts of the Bank of Korea and the Household Survey of the Statistics Korea. The average difference over the period from 1990 to 2016 is about 20%p, and the two even show different trends in direction. Furthermore, major revisions on the method of household survey starting from 2017 have made it difficult to use the consumption propensity series continuously in micro level studies. In this paper, we have identified the reasons for the discrepancies and tried to fill the gap between the two statistics. After 12 major adjustments of differences in concepts of income and expenditure, we significantly reduced the gap. The average propensities to consume of the National Accounts and the Household Survey are 80.5% and 74.8% in 2016, respectively. Nevertheless, two adjusted series still diverge during some period of time. The further adjustments are necessary to avoid measurement problems and observe spending behavior of households correctly.

자산가격 변화가 경제적 불평등과 대외경제 변수에 미치는 영향 분석 (Analysis of the Effects of Asset Price Changes on Economic Inequality and External Economic Variables)

자산가격 변화가 경제적 불평등과 대외경제 변수에 미치는 영향 분석 (Analysis of the Effects of Asset Price Changes on Economic Inequality and External Economic Variables)

Sleep disturbances in early alcohol recovery: Prevalence and associations with clinical characteristics and severity of alcohol consumption

AimsWe aimed to assess the prevalence of sleep disturbance in early alcohol recovery and its association with psychiatric comorbidity, cravings, propensity and severity of alcohol consumption. DesignThe sample consisted of 18–80 year old patients (n = 303) receiving treatment for alcohol dependence. Sleep disturbance was measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Additional measures included PHQ-9, GAD-7 and Penn alcohol cravings scale (PACS), Inventory of Drug Taking Situations (IDTS) and alcohol consumption was measured utilizing the Time Line Follow Back (TLFB).Bivariate analyses evaluated the association between PSQI total score and other clinical characteristics. A multivariable model was computed for sleep disturbance with predictors entered into the model using automated stepwise selection. FindingsThe sample was majority male (66%), White (93%) with a mean age of 42.2 ± 11.6 years. Baseline PSQI score was 10.2 ± 4.13 and most subjects (88%) reported sleep disturbance at baseline. Baseline sleep disturbance was associated with depressive symptoms (p < .0001), anxiety symptoms (p < .0001), craving (p < .0001), propensity to drink when experiencing unpleasant emotions (p < .0001), physical discomfort (p < .0001), loss of personal control (p = 0.03), conflict (p = 0.002), number of drinks consumed (p = 0.004), drinking days (p = 0.004) and hazardous drinking days (p = 0.03) in bivariate analyses. However, in the multivariable model, only PHQ-9 total score and IDTS physical discomfort subscale were associated with sleep disturbance. ConclusionSleep disruption is common in early alcohol recovery. Future studies should examine the prognostic and clinical implications of its association with current depressive symptoms and a propensity to drink while experiencing physical discomfort.

스키매니아의 소비성향이 여가인식, 여가기능에 미치는 영향

The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of consumption propensity of ski-mania on leisure recognition and leisure function. The data, gathered from self-administrated questionnaires of conveniently sampled 245 adult ski-mania over 20 years old who were participating skiing in Gyeonggi and Gangwon ski resort was analyzed by using MANOVA, correlations analysis, and multiple regression analysis. The result of this study is as follow. First, in the verification of differences in consumption propensity, leisure recognition and leisure function according to demographics there were statistically significant differences in gender and duration of participation. Second, the correlation between consumption propensity, leisure recognition and leisure function showed a partially positive correlation. Third, consumption propensity partially influenced leisure recognition. Fourth, consumption propensity partially influenced leisure function. Fifth, leisure recognition partially influenced leisure function.

The Effects of Consumption Propensities On Product Preference and Purchase Decision Factors in Health &amp; Beauty Store

This study attempted to analyze the propensities to consume, product preferences and purchase decision factors against those in their 20s, who are the primary customers of beauty & beauty retailers, and figure out the effects of consumption propensities on product preferences and purchase decision factors. The results found the followings: First, in terms of consumption propensities, three different types were derived: Planned purchase, trend seeking, ostentatious spending. In product preferences, makeups, convenience goods and foundations were found. Lastly, purchase decision factors were divided into brand/store-specific factors and product-specific factors. Second, trend-seeking consumption propensity affected makeup preference while planned purchase propensity had an influence on the preference to face and body foundations. Third, those with planned purchase propensity tend to buy products based on product-specific factors while brand/store-specific factors were more critical among those with trend-seeking propensity. Fourth, according to a survey on consumers’ buying patterns at beauty & beauty stores, they usually put on tone makeup. When asked why thy buy cosmetics, ‘easy to buy’ was mostly responded. When asked about the source of their information, ‘friends or acquaintances’ was answered. Fifth, when differences in consumption propensities were analyzed by demographic characteristics, it was a group of those with planned purchase propensity that revealed a statistically significant difference by the degree of makeup application while those with trend-seeking consumption propensity showed a significant difference in fitness management.

골프용품 소비자의 감성적 소비가치가 소비성향 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향

골프용품 소비자의 감성적 소비가치가 소비성향 및 구매의도에 미치는 영향

충동구매와 골프용품: 골프참여자의 충동구매성향 정도에 따른 과시적 소비성향 및 체면민감성의 차이

충동구매와 골프용품: 골프참여자의 충동구매성향 정도에 따른 과시적 소비성향 및 체면민감성의 차이

Investigation of asymmetric impulse responses between average consumption propensity and average food consumption propensity of household in Korea

Average consumption propensity (ACP) and average food consumption propensity (AFCP) are important indices for implementing macroeconomic and food policies. The present paper investigates the existence of asymmetric responses of ACP and AFCP to positive and negative shocks of each series in Korea. According to the estimation results of the Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model, ACP and AFCP are analysed to have asymmetric responses to negative and positive shocks, regardless of whether the shock is imposed on the own or on the other series. The derived absolute values of the responses indicate that ACP is more influenced by AFCP, which implies that a shock on AFCP is more permanent than one on ACP. The responses of ACP and AFCP appear to be lower during the period after 1998 when the Asian financial crisis occurred. This implies that not only food consumption, but also overall consumption of households became stabilised after the Asian financial crisis.

배달 어플리케이션의 소비성향, 사회성이 소비자 만족 및 지속적 이용의도에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구

The use of take-away applications has been increasing in recent years in line with the rapid launch of the information age. In this study, primary consumption propensity Sociality analyzed the impact on the three attributes of a take-away application and it would be necessary to plan ways and strategies to recognize and utilize the importance of consumer consumption sociality in a take-away application at the enterprise level. The attributes of the secondary take-away application analyzed the impact on consumer satisfaction and the process from ordering to paying for the take-away application would be easier for consumers to find and settle in a short time and establish power. In order to continuously protect consumers

Confidence Collapse in a Multi-Household, Self-Reflexive DSGE Model

We investigate a multi-household DSGE model in which past aggregate consumption impacts the confidence, and therefore consumption propensity, of individual households. We find that such a minimal setup is extremely rich, and leads to a variety of realistic output dynamics: high output with no crises; high output with increased volatility and deep, short lived recessions; alternation of high and low output states where relatively mild drop in economic conditions can lead to a temporary confidence collapse and steep decline in economic activity. The crisis probability depends exponentially on the parameters of the model, which means that markets cannot efficiently price the associated risk premium. We conclude by stressing that within our framework, narratives become an important monetary policy tool, that can help steering the economy back on track.

Shaping consumption propensity through the emotional response evoked by nutritional labels: Evidence from an fMRI study.

The study aims to investigate a) the ability of nutritional labels in pictorial and textual form to guide consumption choices applying the dual-coding theory; b) the effectiveness of a new type of pictorial label (i.e. the body label) that appeals to the self-congruence theory and to positive emotional response. The research hypotheses were tested trough a 2x4x2 fMRI experimental design with 2 levels of product version (regular vs light), 4 levels of label type (text vs traffic light vs star rating vs body) and 2 levels of group of people (normal weight vs overweight). The body light label generates more brain activation in areas involved in the reward circuit compared to the body regular one, and compared to all the other types of labels for both versions, only in the overweight subject group. Furthermore, the star rating label has the worst performance in orienting healthy food choices as it requires more cognitive effort. The results are of interest to policy maker's strategies and to out-of-store and in-store communication strategies with the aim to contract the excessive body-weight phenomenon.

Teenagers and Alcohol in the Arctic Region: Factors, Features, Prospects for Prevention on the Example of the Kola Peninsula Region

The paper is devoted to the development of addictive behavior in adolescents and the possibilities of its prevention. The authors presented a theoretical analysis of alcoholism in general and identified the main issues on the example of adolescents of the Kola Peninsula. This paper focuses on the environmental peculiarities of the problem, since living conditions in the polar region contribute to the development of addictive behavior. The study involved 539 respondents of both sexes, with an average age of 15 years, who formed two groups: deviant and standardized adolescents. Considering that subjects with addictions could modify their answers to be more socially desirable, the deviant group was formed based on the data provided by organizations working with them. The empirical research identified the psychological factors of alcohol addiction of adolescents, determined and analyzed their manifestations specific for this age group. It presented detailed prescription of mental states, alcohol consumption motives, communication and organizational skills, specificity of responsible behavior, locus control, style of family education and relations. The research also revealed the relationship between these indicators. It was found that adolescents with alcohol addiction had problems with somatic and mental health; the motives for alcohol consumption included social, pseudo-cultural and hedonistic motives. The mental state of adolescents affected the alcohol addiction and depended on their communication skills. The study of the locus control in both groups revealed no significant differences. Both groups had the prevalence of the external locus control and the low level of responsible behavior. The research showed that the preferences of a specific paternalism leaded to the formation of a propensity for alcohol consumption. The paper identified the key aspects of adolescent alcoholism in Kola Peninsula region, which could be used as basis for prevention activities.

소비자의 외식소비성향별 외식선택속성과 고객행동의도의 차이에 관한 연구

소비자의 외식소비성향별 외식선택속성과 고객행동의도의 차이에 관한 연구

Relative Validity of a Food and Beverage Preference Questionnaire to Characterize Taste Phenotypes in Children Adolescents and Adults.

To assess the relative validity of our food and beverage preference questionnaire we investigated the association between sweet and fatty taste preference scores (assessed using a food and beverage preference questionnaire) and sweet and fatty food propensity scores (derived from a food frequency questionnaire). In I.Family, a large European multi-country cohort study, 12,207 participants from Cyprus, Estonia, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden, including 5291 adults, 3082 adolescents, and 3834 children, completed a food and beverage preference questionnaire with 63 items. Cumulative preference scores for sweet and fatty taste were calculated from the single item ranking ranging from 1 to 5. The relative consumption frequency of foods classified as sweet and fatty was used to calculate the corresponding consumption propensities, a continuous variable ranging from 0 to 100. We conducted regression analyses to investigate the association between sweet and fatty taste preference scores and sweet and fatty food propensity scores, respectively, separately for adults, adolescents ≥12 years, and for children <12 years. The overall sweet taste preference score was positively associated with the sweet food consumption propensity score (β = 2.4, 95% CI: 2.1;2.7) and the fatty taste preference score was positively associated with the fatty food consumption propensity score (β = 2.0, 95% CI: 1.8;2.2). After stratification for age (children <12 years, adolescents ≥12 years, and adults), the effect remained significant in all age groups and was strongest in adolescents and adults. We conclude that our food and beverage preference questionnaire is a useful instrument for epidemiological studies on sensory perception and health outcomes and for the characterization of sensory taste phenotypes.

The Genetic Relationship Between Alcohol Consumption and Aspects of Problem Drinking in an Ascertained Sample.

Genomewide association studies (GWAS) have begun to identify loci related to alcohol consumption, but little is known about whether this genetic propensity overlaps with specific indices of problem drinking in ascertained samples. In 6,731 European Americans who had been exposed to alcohol, we examined whether polygenic risk scores (PRS) from a GWAS of weekly alcohol consumption in the UK Biobank predicted variance in 6 alcohol-related phenotypes: alcohol use, maximum drinks within 24hours (MAXD), total score on the Self-Rating of the Effects of Ethanol Questionnaire (SRE-T), DSM-IV alcohol dependence (DSM4AD), DSM-5 alcohol use disorder symptom counts (DSM5AUDSX), and reduction/cessation of problematic drinking. We also examined the extent to which an single nucleotide polymorphism (rs1229984) in ADH1B, which is strongly associated with both alcohol consumption and dependence, contributed to the polygenic association with these phenotypes and whether PRS interacted with sex, age, or family history of alcoholism to predict alcohol-related outcomes. We performed mixed-effect regression analyses, with family membership and recruitment site included as random effects, as well as survival modeling of age of onset of DSM4AD. PRS for alcohol consumption significantly predicted variance in 5 of the 6 outcomes: alcohol use (Δmarginal R2 =1.39%, Δ area under the curve [AUC]=0.011), DSM4AD (Δmarginal R2 =0.56%; ΔAUC=0.003), DSM5AUDSX (Δmarginal R2 =0.49%), MAXD (Δmarginal R2 =0.31%), and SRE-T (Δmarginal R2 =0.22%). PRS were also associated with onset of DSM4AD (hazard ratio=1.11, p=2.08e-5). The inclusion of rs1229984 attenuated the effects of the alcohol consumption PRS, particularly for DSM4AD and DSM5AUDSX, but the PRS continued to exert an independent effect for all 5 alcohol measures (Δmarginal R2 after controlling for ADH1B=0.14 to 1.22%). Interactions between PRS and sex, age, or family history were nonsignificant. Genetic propensity for typical alcohol consumption was associated with alcohol use and was also associated with 4 of the additional 5 outcomes, though the variance explained in this sample was modest. Future GWAS that focus on the multifaceted nature of AUD, which goes beyond consumption, might reveal additional information regarding the polygenic underpinnings of problem drinking.

Conditional quantile processes based on series or many regressors

Quantile regression (QR) is a principal regression method for analyzing the impact of covariates on outcomes. The impact is described by the conditional quantile function and its functionals. In this paper we develop the nonparametric QR-series framework, covering many regressors as a special case, for performing inference on the entire conditional quantile function and its linear functionals. In this framework, we approximate the entire conditional quantile function by a linear combination of series terms with quantile-specific coefficients and estimate the function-valued coefficients from the data. We develop large sample theory for the QR-series coefficient process, namely we obtain uniform strong approximations to the QR-series coefficient process by conditionally pivotal and Gaussian processes. Based on these two strong approximations, or couplings, we develop four resampling methods (pivotal, gradient bootstrap, Gaussian, and weighted bootstrap) that can be used for inference on the entire QR-series coefficient function.We apply these results to obtain estimation and inference methods for linear functionals of the conditional quantile function, such as the conditional quantile function itself, its partial derivatives, average partial derivatives, and conditional average partial derivatives. Specifically, we obtain uniform rates of convergence and show how to use the four resampling methods mentioned above for inference on the functionals. All of the above results are for function-valued parameters, holding uniformly in both the quantile index and the covariate value, and covering the pointwise case as a by-product. We demonstrate the practical utility of these results with an empirical example, where we estimate the price elasticity function and test the Slutsky condition of the individual demand for gasoline, as indexed by the individual unobserved propensity for gasoline consumption.

Cross‐country study on food consumption patterns and rice away from home: The case of Bangladesh

AbstractAs with most Asian countries, rice dominates Bangladesh in terms of food production and consumption. However, with sustained increase in income, persistent commendable GDP growth, urbanization, and significant reduction in poverty, people tend to consume more diversified food, ready to eat food, and food away from home. The findings from this study, based on data from Bangladesh Bureau of Statistics, lend support to this consumption propensity and indicate that with time rice is becoming cheaper and animal and plant foods are getting dearer and expensive. This implies that the national agricultural policy of Bangladesh must recast to match the future food demand of people and to meet the increasing challenge of reversing the rising prices of non‐staples including animal foods. Nested studies on “rice and food away from home” and estimation of demand elasticity and formulation of food demand equations to determine dietary choices and to find nutritional implications of movements in relative food prices and other exogenous variables, to this effect, will have important policy implications for Bangladesh agriculture–food and health paradigm.