Urban Residential Consumption Research Articles

Reducing the energy costs of urban households when using electric bikes and electric scooters to provide urban mobility

The study analyzed the reduction in energy consumption of urban households when using electric bikes and electric scooters to provide urban mobility. An analysis was made of reducing the average energy consumption of urban households when switching to the use of electric bikes and electric scooters to ensure urban mobility, depending on operating temperature conditions (0-10C0, 11-20C0, 21-30C0). The data obtained reflect the degree of reduction in average energy consumption of urban households when using electric bikes and electric scooters to ensure urban mobility, depending on the temperature operating conditions. These studies can be used in conducting research aimed at optimizing the energy consumption of urban residents to ensure urban mobility based on the use of electric bikes and electric scooters in modern cities.

Research on the economic effects of housing support expenditures under the perspective of consumption heterogeneity: Evidence from China.

What kind of impact does the government's housing support expenditure have on residents' consumption? This is a topic that deserves in-depth study and is of practical significance. This study constructs provincial equilibrium panel data based on China's guaranteed housing construction and financial expenditures on housing support data from 1999-2009 and 2000-2021. It applies the systematic GMM method to estimate the impact of government housing support expenditures on residents' consumption. The study found that whatever form of expenditure on housing support contributed to the total consumption of urban residents, while the impact on the consumption structure had different results. Based on the divisions of consumption structure, the results of the increase in government housing support expenditure on the consumption structure of urban residents are different. An examination of different forms of housing support reveals that the predominantly secure form of housing construction has a positive effect on all consumption structure divisions. Whereas the predominantly monetary subsidy form has a significant positive relationship with housing, necessity, and durability consumption expenditures, it has a weak or even negative relationship with non-housing, non-necessity, and non-durability consumption expenditures. The research in this paper makes up for the lack of current literature examining the economic effects of housing support from the perspective of consumption structure and provides a theoretical basis and policy reference for constructing a multi-level gradient housing support system.

Urban‒rural disparities in household energy and electricity consumption under the influence of electricity price reform policies

The gap in electricity consumption between urban and rural households under the influence of electricity price reform policies remain largely unexplored. We construct a mechanistic framework for the impact of the electricity price reform policy on the electricity consumption behaviour of urban and rural residents, and evaluates the carbon reduction effect of the policy guidance through data obtained from a large-scale household energy consumption survey from January 2020 to May 2021. The results of the study show the followings: (1) The daily electricity consumption of rural households is larger and more volatile than that of urban households. However, the growth rate of household electricity consumption of urban residents is larger than that of rural residents. (2) The electricity price reform policy mainly influences urban and rural residents' household electricity consumption behaviour by driving demand motives and comfort motives. (3) Under policy intervention, rural residents’ household energy consumption will decline at a faster rate, and urban residents' total household energy consumption will decline faster before 2025 and then remain in a stable state. To achieve the carbon peak and carbon neutrality goals of the energy system, the low-carbon energy use behaviour of residents can be guided by differentiated policies.

Regional Heterogeneity Analysis of Residential Electricity Consumption in Chinese Cities: Based on Spatial Measurement Models

The share of electricity consumption by urban and rural residents in China’s overall electricity consumption is very close to that of the tertiary sector, which has become an important driver of China’s electricity consumption growth. At the same time, due to the mismatch between China’s regional resource endowments and the level of regional development, the regional supply and demand situation for electricity varies. Therefore, it is urgent to clarify the regional differences in residential electricity consumption and the factors affecting it, and accordingly adopt targeted and feasible measures to regulate residential electricity consumption. This article includes data from 285 Chinese prefecture-level cities from 2006 to 2019, and adopts a “three lines” method of region-partitioning (Qinling–Huaihe line, Huhuanyong line, and Shanhaiguan line) to divide four regions. We used spatial econometric models to examine residential electricity consumption and its influencing factors in China from the standpoint of regional heterogeneity. The results show that there is significant regional heterogeneity in residential electricity consumption in China, and the difference between the north of the Shanhaiguan line and other areas is significant. Moreover, there is a positive spatial correlation in the per capita domestic electricity consumption of urban residents, and each influencing factor has obvious regional heterogeneity, among which household appliances are the significant influencing factor. Based on the regional heterogeneity of residential electricity consumption, management measures should be formulated according to local conditions, and the supply of electricity should be ensured by strengthening multidimensional initiatives.

The Nexus between Carbon Emissions and Per Capita Income of Households: Evidence from Japanese Prefectures

Household consumption is significantly influenced by various factors. Despite this, the intricate nature of consumption behaviors and the lack of comprehensive data from the supply chain have led to an incomplete recognition of the attributes contributing to home emissions at the city level. Through the analysis of city-level household consumption in relation to energy demand, utilizing a city-scale input-output model and urban residential consumption inventories, this study considers the environmental responsibility inherent in residential consumption for Japanese’s Prefectures, this study reveals that variations in this responsibility based on household type and season. The study period is 2013-2022. Various factors are taken into account when examining emissions by age and month, including emission type, source, fuel variety, and consumption items. These assertions stem from emissions data computed using the system boundary method. Our hypothesis is supported by a range of statistical findings, encompassing summary statistics and regression analysis. The connection between residential emissions and GDP is also explored through regression analysis. We uncover evidence indicating that carbon emissions in Japan fluctuate with the seasons and across diverse categories. These statistics illustrate a notable discrepancy in the regional distribution of carbon emissions, owing to evident variations in consumption rates and patterns.

A study on the impact of public health emergencies on the consumption structure of urban residents: Take the 8-25 outbreak in Chengdu as an example

To investigate the impact of public health emergencies on the consumption structure of urban residents, this paper focuses on the consumption of urban residents residing in Chengdu during the period of the Corona Virus Disease that emerged on August 25, 2022, and analyzes and evaluates the data results after a questionnaire survey. This study concludes that external factors such as the epidemic and individual consumer characteristics jointly affect consumption levels and consumption structures; differences in specific groups can also cause changes in residents' consumption levels. Finally, based on the analysis and conclusions, relevant policy recommendations are given.

How to Promote Balanced and Healthy Development of Residents’ Leisure: Based on the Analysis on the Spatiotemporal Evolution of the Scale Structure of Leisure Consumption of Urban Residents in China

This study aimed to find the spatiotemporal evolution rules of the leisure consumption of urban residents in China. Based on the measurement of the marginal propensity of leisure consumption for urban residents over the past 20 years, a mixed regression of leisure consumption and disposable income showed that, the growth rates of education, culture, entertainment, transportation, communication, and healthcare large, and these growth trends remain obvious. The coefficient of variation of leisure consumption shows that, transportation and communication consumptions differ among regions. The differences in education, culture, and entertainment consumption have rapidly converged. The spatial correlation analysis of the Moran index showed that, the regional association degree of leisure consumption is not obvious, but there is a clear mutual pull regarding education, culture and entertainment consumptions. Based on the results, suggestions were proposed to further expand the leisure consumption needs of residents, so as to achieve sustainable and sound development of residents’ leisure.

Arable land and water footprints for food consumption in China: From the perspective of urban and rural dietary change.

Since the adoption of the open-door policy, the Chinese dietary pattern has changed greatly. Based on the dietary changes, this study analyzed the arable land and water footprints (WFs) for the food consumption of urban and rural residents in China. The results showed that the arable land demand and WFs for meat, vegetable oil, soybeans and liquor exceeded those for other foods, and the per capita arable land and WFs for food consumption of urban residents were higher than those of rural residents. The total arable land and WFs for the food consumption of residents increased by 16.9 million ha (from 91.1 to 108 million ha) and 214.5 billion m3 (from 457.9 to 672.4 billion m3), respectively, from 1983 to 2017. Specifically, the total arable land and WFs for the food consumption of urban residents increased by 45.9 million hm2 (from 22.6 to 68.5 million hm2) and 318.3 billion m3 (from 113.2 to 431.5 billion m3), respectively. Additionally, those of rural residents decreased by 29.7 million hm2 (from 69.2 to 39.5 million hm2) and 103.9 billion m3 (344.8 to 240.9 billion m3), respectively, mainly due to the migration of the rural population to cities and the reductions in per capita arable land and WFs due to increased crop yields. The arable land and blue WFs required for food consumption will reach 127.7 million hm2 and 221.1 billion m3, respectively, in 2030. However, these values will be reduced by approximately 23% and 20%, respectively, to 98.9 million hm2 and 177.8 billion m3 under a balanced dietary pattern. Measures such as improving the investment in agricultural research and development, advocating a balanced diet, and increasing the import of resource-intensive foods could alleviate the pressure on land and water resources.

Analysis of the Impact of Digital Finance Development on Household Consumption of Urban and Rural Residents in China

In recent years, China's digital finance has developed rapidly, profoundly changing the way residents live and consume. Especially in the context of China's Urban-rural dual economic structure, the impact of digital finance development on urban and rural household consumption is significantly different. The dual structure of urban and rural areas and the development model of financial efficiency and fairness have led to the imbalance between urban and rural development in China's financial system. Many economically backward rural areas have lagged behind in financial development. Digital finance has expanded the coverage and service scope of Inclusive Finance, and changed people's lifestyle and consumption habits. Realize the docking of consumption willingness and consumption capacity. Narrow the gap between urban and rural consumption. The study shows that the development of digital finance has significantly increased the consumption level of urban and rural households, but overall the impact on the consumption of urban households has been greater. Specifically, the depth of use of digital finance has a greater impact on the household consumption of urban residents, and the breadth and degree of digital financial coverage have a greater impact on the consumption of rural households. Further research found that there are differences in the impact mechanism of digital financial development on household consumption of urban residents and rural residents: The development of digital finance mainly promotes the consumption of urban households by increasing residents' incomes and reducing the uncertain risks faced by households, and increases the consumption of rural households by facilitating payment and alleviating liquidity constraints.

Domestic water use and water-saving countermeasures in the process of urbanization in 2021: Jiaozuo City case study.

Water-saving scientifically proved measures are crucial to reduce the use of decreasing fresh water resources. In this study, we investigate the current situation of residents' domestic water use, analyze the current situation of residents' water-saving measures, the current situation of residents' water-saving consciousness and its influencing factors. We performed a questionnaire survey and data obtained by relevant water supply departments, this paper used SPSS 19.0 and Excel 2020 software to conduct statistical analysis of survey data. Our results show that: (1) overall, the water consumption of urban residents in the central plains suburb is 18% higher than that of the original urban residents. (2) Among the residential water structures, washing, washing clothes and flushing toilets are the most frequent tasks, accounting for 87.3% of the total water consumption. (3) The implementation of water-saving measures by the original urban residents is better than that of the original suburban residents. (4) It is necessary to increase effective water-saving facilities and measures for urban water use.

Does the Two-Child Policy Affect the Consumption Upgrade of “Two-Child Families”: Based on CFPS Data from the Chinese Family Tracking Survey

Purpose – In the context of the continued low consumption rate of Chinese residents, the increasingly aged society in China, and the decline in the birth rate, the Chinese government has gradually liberalized the fertility policy. The twochild policy has undergone policy adjustments from “only child of both parties” in 2011 to “only child of one party” in 2014, and then to the “Universal” policy in 2016, which marked the complete end of the “one-child policy” implemented since the 1970s. The purpose of this paper is to assess the effect of the “two-child birth policy” on the consumption upgrading of urban households, and to explore the mechanism of the effect. Design/Methodology/Approach – Through the quasi-natural experiment of the “two-child policy”, empirical analysis is carried out using the panel data of the China Family Tracking Survey (CFPS) database from 2012-2018. In order to improve sample selection bias and endogenous problems as much as possible, double-difference (PSM-DID) methods based on propensity score matches were adopted to construct the experimental and control groups to empirically test the impact of the second-child policy. A robustness test was carried out through methods such as parallel trend tests and sample size reduction. Further heterogeneity analysis of the policy action mechanism was conducted using the triple difference method (DDD). Findings – (1) In general, the “two-child policy” has promoted the upgrading of household consumption levels and consumption structures. (2) Furthermore, research findings of a triple difference (DDD) model were that the effect of fertility policy between household consumption levels and consumption structure was different across target households with different levels of household wealth. That is, the higher the wealth level of the household, the more the fertility policy promoted an increase in household consumption and an upgrade of the consumption structure, but for education consumption expenditure, regardless of household wealth level, the fertility policy promoted a significant increase in household consumption expenditure and had a “crowding out effect” on other developmental hedonic consumption of the household, and the lower the wealth level, the more pronounced the crowding-out effect. Research Implications – This paper studies the consumption of urban residents from the perspective of the characteristics of family population structure. It uses Chinese empirical data to test the applicability of relevant consumption theories in China, and provides perfect unique sample data for the academic community. By exploring the mechanism of the impact of the fertility policy on the consumption level and structure of residents, it can provide a reference for evaluating past population and economic policies. However, it provides a theoretical basis and guidance for the formulation of population and economic policies in the future, and the implementation of supporting policies for the “Three-Child Policy”.

Grey Correlation Analysis of Low-Carbon Governance in Yangtze River Delta Cities.

The excessive emission of carbon dioxide will bring unpredictable ecological crisis, so it is particularly urgent to study the related factors of carbon emissions. Based on the grey correlation model, 31 factors in 5 aspects are selected as the reference frame for low-carbon governance, and the grey correlation degree of urban carbon emissions is calculated by using the IPCC method to calculate the annual carbon emissions of 9 major cities in the Yangtze River Delta from 2010 to 2019. Through the calculation and analysis of panel data, the following conclusions are drawn: The allocation of urban environmental practitioners is an important factor in carbon governance, and the reasonable and scientific allocation of environmental practitioners can have a significant impact on low-carbon development; the relationship between the amount of industrial power consumption and carbon dioxide emissions is not significant. On the contrary, the power consumption of urban residents can well reflect the level of carbon emissions. High residential power consumption means that the living standard of the people in the region is high, and the corresponding resource and energy consumption is large, so the carbon emissions will increase; the size of population density is particularly important for carbon governance, which is more obvious in economically developed areas. Urban economic development will inevitably lead to the improvement of people's quality of life, a stronger demand for resources, and a significant increase in carbon emissions.

Impact of high-speed rail on urban residents’ consumption in China—from a spatial perspective

This paper studies the impact of high-speed rail (HSR) on the consumption of urban residents from a spatial perspective. Using the panel data of 285 prefecture-level cities in China from 2003 to 2017, we examine the effects of HSR operations on consumption density. In order to solve the spatial correlation problem and better reflect the spillover effect, we use the spatial Durbin model to do the empirical analysis. The results show that, first, the opening of HSR significantly affects consumption density. This effect is brought about by the local and spatial effects of HSR. Secondly, HSR transmits the competition of consumption demand and resources, which promotes the intensification of consumption competition among cities. This competition is manifested as competition between cities with similar levels of economic development. In addition, the study finds that HSR has different effects on consumption density in cities in eastern, central, and western China due to different levels of urban economic development and inter-city relationships. Policy makers in Chinese cities need to adjust their consumption guidance strategies to promote local consumption according to the characteristics of different regions.

The evolution of habit formation effect on sugar consumption of urban residents in China

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to explain the rapid growth of urban residents' sugar consumption in China from the perspective of habit formation.Design/methodology/approachUsing the provincial panel data of Chinese urban households from 1995 to 2012, this study uses the two-step System Generalized Moment Method (GMM) to test the habit formation effect on residents' sugar expenditure in urban China. We also use system GMM and the recursive estimated method to explore the changes of the habit formation coefficients in different years.FindingsWe find a significant habit formation effect on overall residents' sugar expenditure and different types of sugary foods expenditure. The habit formation effect on total residents' sugar expenditure and different types of sugary foods is decreasing over the years. The patterns of the changes of the habit formation effect on different types of sugar foods are slightly different.Research limitations/implicationsDue to data limitations, we are not able to do household-level analysis and to examine the heterogeneity of the habit formation effect.Originality/valueThis is the first study that examines changes in the habit formation effect on residents' sugar expenditure in urban China. Our findings provide a reasonable explanation for the rapid growth of residents' sugar consumption in urban China. The result helps to formulate targeted policies for future interventions to control the growth of sugar consumption.

Water Leak Localization Using High-Resolution Pressure Sensors

A new method for identifying a leaking pipe within a pressurized water distribution system is presented. This novel approach utilizes transient modeling to analyze water networks. Urban water supply networks are important infrastructure that ensures the daily water consumption of urban residents and industrial sites. The aging and deterioration of drinking water mains is the cause of frequent burst pipes, thus making the detection and localization of these bursts a top priority for water distribution companies. Here we describe a novel method based on transient modeling of the water network and produces high-resolution pressure response under various scenarios. Analyzing this data allows the prediction of the leaking pipe. The transient pressure data is classified as leaking pipes or no leak clusters using the K-nearest neighbors (K-NN) algorithm. The transient model requires a massive computation effort to simulate the network’s performance. The classification model presented good performance with an overall accuracy of 0.9 for the basic scenarios. The lowest accuracy was obtained for interpolated scenarios the model had not been trained on; in this case, the accuracy was 0.52.

因子分析在我国城镇居民消费中的应用

因子分析在我国城镇居民消费中的应用

Nexus between residential electricity consumption and household characteristics: heterogeneous urban and rural panel evidences from North China

With the growth of residential electricity consumption and the development of power energy conservation, exploring the factors that affect residential electricity consumption is of great significance for promoting the sustainable development of the regional economy-power system. This paper examines the influencing factors of residential electricity consumption according to the data in 6 provinces in North China over 2008-2018, and two panels named urban panel and rural panel are constructed. Three conventional influencing factors are selected in this paper, namely, population (POP), per capita disposable income (DI) and per capita consumption expenditure (PCCE). Furthermore, considering that household characteristics have an impact on residential electricity consumption, this paper adds the number of household appliances (HA) and the per capita housing area (LS) into the factor set. Heterogeneous panel analysis techniques are applied to achieve the analysis, finding that household characteristics have significant impacts on electricity consumption of urban and rural residents, and the impact on electricity consumption of urban residents is greater than that on rural residents. Based on the empirical results, this paper puts forward several policy recommendations to effectively improve the residential electricity consumption and reduce the gap between urban and rural residential electricity consumption.

The Development of Leisure Sports Consumption of Urban Residents under the View of Marine Ecological Environment

Lan, Y., 2020. The development of leisure sports consumption of urban residents under the view of marine ecological environment. In: Guido Aldana, P.A. and Kantamaneni, K. (eds.), Advances in Water Resources, Coastal Management, and Marine Science Technology. Journal of Coastal Research, Special Issue No. 104, pp. 863–866. Coconut Creek (Florida), ISSN 0749-0208.With the enhancement of urban residents' health consciousness, the consumption of leisure sports is increasing year by year, and has become an important consumption of life, but we should always firmly interact with the development of ecological environment and leisure experience, and strive to promote each other. Based on the relationship between the construction of urban ecological civilization and the development of leisure sports, this paper explores the current situation and existing problems of leisure sports consumption of urban residents in China, and puts forward corresponding improvement measures in the light of the perspective of marine ecological environment, hoping to enrich the research in related fields.

Analysis of direct carbon footprint of residents’ consumption in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region

This paper makes an in-depth study and analysis of the direct carbon footprint of residents’ consumption in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region based on the IPCC method and the decomposition model of the Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) from 2000 to 2016. The results show that 1) The overall consumption of urban residents and the direct carbon footprint per capita in Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region from 2000 to 2016 were much higher than that of rural residents. 2) The consumption of residents was closely related to the energy structure, and coal, heat and electricity consumption occupied the main position. 3) According to the analysis of the LMDI decomposition model, the energy structure factors contributed negatively to the direct carbon footprint of residents except 2003-2006. 4) Energy efficiency and economic development are important factors to stimulate the direct carbon footprint of residents. Finally, we provide reasonable suggestions for residents’ consumption, energy saving and emission reduction.

The Consumption-Driven Effect of Place-based Industrial Policy: An Empirical Study Based on Development Zone Policy

Can the development zone policy that pioneered Chinese industrialization energize the consumption of urban residents and become an important means of achieving the coordinated development of industrialization and urbanization? We used the policy impact of upgrading provincial development zones to conduct empirical research on the consumption- driven effect of development zone policy with the Difference in Difference (DID) model. Our findings show that the upgrading of development zones is significant in raising urban residents’ total consumption, personal consumption, housing consumption and expenditure on children’s education. This is mainly due to the increase in productivity brought about by the upgrading policy. However, in cities that have more stringent household registration (hukou) systems, impose tougher home purchase restrictions (HPR) on the floating population and have less social harmony, the labor force is less willing and less able to consume, making it hard to expand domestic demand.