Consumption Of Drinks Research Articles

Highlighting Soft Drinks Consumption in Lebanon

This paper aims to highlight the excess consumption of carbonated soft drinks among the Lebanese population and consequently present a call for moderation and reduced consumption (Controlled consumption). A quantitative analysis with a positivist philosophy and a deductive approach is adopted. A questionnaire was administered to 1,612 participants based on their willingness to provide input. Descriptive analysis is used based on the IBM SPSS version 26.0 software. In addition, cross-tabulations were run with Chi-square testing, and a nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis test was also applied to study differences in medians between selected variables. Results illustrate that compared to other nations, Lebanon is a less-than-average consumer of soft drinks (45.5 liters per person per year), with a large percentage of soft drink consumers being young adults and middle-aged adults in the range of 17 to 48 years. This research shows that women consume fewer soft drink glasses than men with averages of 3.82 glasses per week (49.66 liters/yr.) for men and 3.18 glasses per week (41.34 liters/yr.) for women. Results also show no statistically significant relationship between having a job or living status and consuming soft drinks with snacks or food at restaurants. However, the relationship between gender and consuming soft drinks with snacks or food at restaurants is significant (p < 5%). In addition, 17.1% of the participants declared they would never quit consuming soft drinks. Moreover, 85% of females and 79.4% of males have a very good level of health issues awareness about the harms soft drinks cause. Findings also show a significant relation (p < 5%) between gender and awareness.

Ultra-Processed Food Consumption as a Risk Factor for Gastrointestinal Cancer and Other Causes of Mortality in Southern Italy: A Competing Risk Approach.

Ultra-Processed Foods (UPFs) are increasingly consumed worldwide, even in regions with strong dietary traditions like the Mediterranean and can play a crucial role in the development of chronic diseases, including cancer. This population-based prospective cohort study investigates the association between UPF consumption and gastrointestinal cancers and other causes of mortality in Southern Italy. Data were collected from 4870 participants in the MICOL and NUTRIHEP cohorts. The EPIC questionnaire was used to elicit information on food and drink consumption and UPFs were categorized by degree of processing according to the NOVA classification. Cox proportional hazards regression and competing risk models were employed for statistical analysis. UPF consumption was positively associated with all-cause mortality: participants in the 3rd UFP quartile, as compared to the lowest, had a 27% higher risk of death (SHR 1.27 95% CI, 1.03; 1.57), while in the highest quartile as compared to the lowest, the risk was 34% higher (SHR 1.34 95% CI, 1.00; 1.79). Higher UPFs intake was also correlated with an increased gastrointestinal cancers mortality risk, especially the 2nd (SHR 1.65, 95% CI: 1.01; 2.71) and 4th quartile (SHR 3.14 95% CI: 1.56; 6.32), with a dose-dependent effect. For the other cancers, a SHR 1.61 (95% CI 1.03; 2.54) was observed for the 3rd quartile. Our results reinforce the link between UPF consumption and cancer risk, emphasizing the urgent need for interventions targeting dietary patterns.

The association between dietary inflammatory index with some cardio-metabolic risk indices among the patients with type 2 diabetes from Hoveyzeh cohort study: a cross-sectional study

BackgroundThe dietary inflammatory index (DII) serves as a tool to assess the inflammatory impact of an individual’s diet. This study aimed to investigate the association between DII and some cardio-metabolic risk indices among patients with T2DM.MethodsData from the Hoveyzeh Cohort Study, encompassing 2045 adults with T2DM, were analyzed. DII scores were calculated based on food frequency questionnaires. Anthropometric measurements and biochemical tests were performed to assess cardio-metabolic risk factors.ResultsHigher DII scores were positively associated with elevated triglyceride levels, triglyceride-glucose (TyG) index, lipid accumulation product (LAP), anthropometric indices including a body shape index (ABSI), body roundness index (BRI), body mass index (BMI), hip, waist circumferences (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (all Ptrend < 0.05). Notably, no significant association was observed between DII and fasting blood sugar (FBS) levels (Ptrend > 0.05). Additionally, dietary intake analysis revealed a negative correlation between DII scores and intake of fiber, fruits, vegetables, legumes, fish, seafood, dairy products, magnesium, and vitamins A, C, D, and E (all Ptrend < 0.05). Conversely, higher DII scores were associated with increased consumption of red meat, processed meat, refined cereals, potatoes, and soft drinks (all Ptrend < 0.05).ConclusionThis study underscores the critical link between dietary inflammation, assessed by the DII score, and a multitude of cardio-metabolic risk factors in patients with T2DM. Notably, while the study did not find a significant association between DII and fasting blood sugar levels, it identified robust associations with novel anthropometric and biochemical indices indicative of cardio-metabolic risk. These findings highlight the potential of dietary interventions as a cornerstone strategy for managing T2DM and mitigating its associated complications.

Understanding the Consumption of Plant-Based Drink in South Korea: Drinking Situations and Food Pairings

This study aims to investigate how consumption situations, consumer characteristics and food pairing patterns differ based on milk selection, namely cow milk and plant-based drink, using food diary data (117,728 cases). The consumer characteristics and drinking situations of milk and plant-based drink were analyzed using probit model, and food pairing patterns of milk and plant-based drink were analyzed using decision tree analysis. Plant-based drink consumers are more likely to be older, female, and have lower incomes, compared to milk consumers. Consumers are more likely to have plant-based drink on the move. Plant-based drink is mainly consumed with eggs, bananas, sweet potatoes, and nuts, while milk is consumed with cereals, bananas, and bread. It provides marketers with a stepping stone for developing marketing strategies associated with plant-based drink. This is the first empirical study to compare food pairing patterns between milk and plant-based drink, extending the scope of food pairing.

The effect of sucrose consumption on eating behavior and depression during morphine withdrawal period in rats

BACKGROUND: Sugary drink and junk food consumption increases during the withdrawal period, leading to subsequent psychological and metabolic alterations. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate the relationship of sucrose consumption with serum insulin levels, leptin levels, brain Dopamine-2 receptor (D2R) expression, food consumption, and anxiety-depression findings in morphine-withdrawal rats. METHODS: Thirty-six male Wistar albino rats were divided into six groups: Control, sucrose-free, 5% sucrose, 10% sucrose, 20% sucrose, and an addiction test. Saline was intraperitoneally injected to the control group, and morphine was intraperitoneally injected to the other groups for 14 days. After 14 days, naloxone was administered to the addiction test group, and addiction symptoms were observed and this group was sacrificed on the same day. Other groups were fed ad libitum with different concentrations of sucrose solution for one week. Behavioral parameters were evaluated at the end of the experiment. Leptin and insulin concentrations in serum and D2R levels in brain tissues were detected using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. D2R concentrations in brain tissues were evaluated utilizing immunohistochemistry. RESULTS: We observed decreased food consumption and increased fluid consumption in rats that consumed sucrose water during the withdrawal period. The level of depression and binge eating behavior was elevated in groups consuming sucrose, and the 10% sucrose group had the highest carbohydrate consumption and anxiety levels. In addition, the 10% sucrose group had the lowest brain D2R expression. The leptin level was highest in the 20% sucrose group. CONCLUSIONS: These results show the possible effects of sugary drinks consumed during the withdrawal period.

Influence of drinking cups of different materials on emotional and acceptance responses, and perception of sensory attributes of soft drinks

The aim of this study was to investigate whether drinking cups made of different materials (white polystyrene, crystal-clear polystyrene, paper, Styrofoam, and glass) can influence the response to soft drinks in terms of emotions, acceptance and perception in younger adult consumers. Experiments were conducted with three different groups of university students who (1) participated in the survey on expectations of disposable cups, (2) performed sensory tests on emotional and hedonic responses and (3) evaluated selected sensory characteristics of soft drinks served in the test cups. The characteristics of the cups influenced the overall acceptability of the soft drink, while the flavor acceptability and the perception of flavor intensity were not affected. Compared to the heavier cups, the soft drink served in lighter cups was perceived as more viscous. The soft drink was rated most acceptable when consumed from the glass and least acceptable when tasted from the Styrofoam. The Styrofoam, paper and white polystyrene had an impact on reducing the overall acceptability of the soft drink. The emotional map identified in the study for the consumption of soft drinks from different cups could be related to the sensory characteristics of the cups. Glass can be considered a more acceptable vessel for soft drink consumption compared to disposable cups, while crystal–clear polystyrene is more acceptable than paper, Styrofoam and white/opaque polystyrene. When selecting materials for disposable cups, preference should be given to materials that have similar properties to glass, such ashigher weight, low flexibility, low surface graininess and high translucency.

Pemberdayaan Kader Melalui Program “SI KEPO DM” Sebagai Upaya Pencegahan Diabetic Foot Ulcer dengan Pendekatan Paliatif

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a group of chronic metabolic diseases characterized by increased blood glucose levels, which over time can cause serious complications if not treated properly (WHO, 2018). SI KEPO DM (Screening, Recognizing and Caring for Diabetes Mellitus) program is used to prevent and early detect Diabetes Mellitus and the emergence of DM Ulcers. Screening to prevent the emergence of DM ulcers with SMART, namely regular health checks, get rid of cigarette smoke, exercise and physical activity regularly, have a balanced diet, get enough rest and manage stress well. Nowadays, many people do not provide enough fiber in their food, they consume a lot of food that contains cholesterol, saturated fat and sodium, which is made worse by the frequent consumption of foods and drinks that are rich in sugar. Based on a preliminary study, it was found that there was one resident of Karagayu sub-district with a diabetic ulcer who died due to a lack of knowledge regarding the prevention and treatment of Diabetic Ulcer wounds and chose to seek alternative treatment. There is a lack of knowledge regarding screening for early detection of DM as well as how to recognize and care for diabetes mellitus to prevent the appearance of ulcers, so it is necessary to actualize elderly cadres to carry out the Screening, Recognize and Care for Diabetes Mellitus Program as an effort to prevent the appearance of DM Ulcers in the elderly or those who abbreviated as the “SI KEPO DM” program.

Research on the level of awareness and consumption of energy drinks among students aged 18-25

Introduction and purpose: The article focuses on the analysis of young people's awareness of the consumption of energy drinks, especially those containing caffeine. The aim of the study is to understand the level of knowledge about the awareness and consumption of energy drinks among students aged 18-25. This study was conducted using surveys and involving 202 participants. Material and Methods: The study was conducted using online anonymous surveys, involving 202 participants. The participants were students aged 18-25 both women and men. The results were analyzed according to the age and gender. Moreover, based on the available literature examining aspects related to the consumption of energy drinks.Results: The study shows that the vast majority of respondents (94.06%) are aware of the impact of energy substances on the body. The charts also illustrate that caffeine, as the main ingredient in energy drinks, is well understood in terms of cardiovascular effects. Moreover, the student community is aware of the link between excessive sugar consumption and the risk of cancer development. Discussion: The study shows that young people are aware of the negative impact of energy drinks on health. Nevertheless, not all areas of knowledge are clear to them. The continuous increase in the level of education can undoubtedly contribute to the introduction of healthy eating habits among students. Most respondents declare to drink energy drinks again, it should draw our special attention.Conclusions: It is worth noting the need for further education, especially in the field of metabolic syndrome. It also highlights the role of research and education in shaping public health awareness. Finally, the article suggests that further research and targeted educational programs are critical to improving public health, especially in the context of energy drink consumption.

Perceptions of a sustainable diet among young adults

We sought to gain a more holistic understanding of young adults’ knowledge and perceptions around sustainable diets using a mixed methods online survey of 500 young adults (18–25 yrs.). Variables measured included food choice motivators (6-point importance scale), knowledge (ranking of efficacy of sustainable dietary behaviours), and several open-ended questions (responses assessed using inductive coding). Results show that environmental and health dimensions of sustainability are most salient for young adults. Decreasing food waste and consuming local and seasonal produce were rated as the most important behaviours for promoting a sustainable diet, while reducing consumption of sugary drinks, and reducing dairy consumption were rated as the least important. Cost was cited as the most important barrier to engaging in a sustainable diet. Young adults’ knowledge around sustainable diets is mixed, but sustainability is an important motivator in their dietary choices. Results inform education and communication strategies that seek to mobilise young adults to make sustainable dietary decisions.

Xylitol is prothrombotic and associated with cardiovascular risk.

The pathways and metabolites that contribute to residual cardiovascular disease risks are unclear. Low-calorie sweeteners are widely used sugar substitutes in processed foods with presumed health benefits. Many low-calorie sweeteners are sugar alcohols that also are produced endogenously, albeit at levels over 1000-fold lower than observed following consumption as a sugar substitute. Untargeted metabolomics studies were performed on overnight fasting plasma samples in a discovery cohort (n = 1157) of sequential stable subjects undergoing elective diagnostic cardiac evaluations; subsequent stable isotope dilution liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) analyses were performed on an independent, non-overlapping validation cohort (n = 2149). Complementary isolated human platelet, platelet-rich plasma, whole blood, and animal model studies examined the effect of xylitol on platelet responsiveness and thrombus formation in vivo. Finally, an intervention study was performed to assess the effects of xylitol consumption on platelet function in healthy volunteers (n = 10). In initial untargeted metabolomics studies (discovery cohort), circulating levels of a polyol tentatively assigned as xylitol were associated with incident (3-year) major adverse cardiovascular event (MACE) risk. Subsequent stable isotope dilution LC-MS/MS analyses (validation cohort) specific for xylitol (and not its structural isomers) confirmed its association with incident MACE risk [third vs. first tertile adjusted hazard ratio (95% confidence interval), 1.57 (1.12-2.21), P < .01]. Complementary mechanistic studies showed xylitol-enhanced multiple indices of platelet reactivity and in vivo thrombosis formation at levels observed in fasting plasma. In interventional studies, consumption of a xylitol-sweetened drink markedly raised plasma levels and enhanced multiple functional measures of platelet responsiveness in all subjects. Xylitol is associated with incident MACE risk. Moreover, xylitol both enhanced platelet reactivity and thrombosis potential in vivo. Further studies examining the cardiovascular safety of xylitol are warranted.

Sudden cardiac arrest occurring in temporal proximity to consumption of energy drinks

BackgroundEnergy drinks potentially can trigger life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias. It has been postulated that the highly stimulating and unregulated ingredients alter heart rate, blood pressure, cardiac contractility, and cardiac repolarization in a potentially proarrhythmic manner. ObjectiveThe purpose of this study was to describe our experience regarding sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) occurring in proximity to energy drink consumption in patients with underlying genetic heart diseases. MethodsThe electronic medical records of all SCA survivors with proven arrhythmias referred to the Mayo Clinic Windland Smith Rice Genetic Heart Rhythm Clinic for evaluation were reviewed to identify those who consumed an energy drink before their event. Patient demographics, clinical characteristics, documented energy drink consumption, and temporal relationship of energy drink consumption to SCA were obtained. ResultsAmong 144 SCA survivors, 7 (5%; 6 female; mean age at SCA 29 ± 8 years) experienced an unexplained SCA associated temporally with energy drink consumption. Of these individuals, 2 had long QT syndrome and 2 had catecholaminergic polymorphic ventricular tachycardia; the remaining 3 were diagnosed with idiopathic ventricular fibrillation. Three patients (43%) consumed energy drinks regularly. Six patients (86%) required a rescue shock, and 1 (14%) was resuscitated manually. All SCA survivors have quit consuming energy drinks and have been event-free since. ConclusionOverall, 5% of SCA survivors experienced SCA in proximity to consuming an energy drink. Although larger cohort studies are needed to elucidate the incidence/prevalence and quantify its precise risk, it seems prudent to sound an early warning on this potential risk.

Random Forest and CatBoost with Handling Imbalanced Class for Detection of Risk Factors Anemia in Children (5-12 Years)

The prevalence of anemia in children (5-12 years) remains a public health issue in Indonesia. Early detection and control of risk factors are crucial for prevention. Machine learning models can be employed to address this problem. One practical approach is using ensemble learning models. However, it is expected to encounter imbalanced class problems when analyzing health data. Therefore, this study aims to perform classification modeling using two ensemble learning models: Random Forest (RF) and CatBoost. The proposed methods for handling imbalanced class issues include Random Over Sampling, SMOTE, G-SMOTE, Random Under Sampling, Instance Hardness Threshold (IHT), and SMOTE-ENN. Additionally, SHAP is used to explain the best-performing model based on Shapley values. The research findings indicate that the ensemble learning model using the CatBoost algorithm with G-SMOTE data handling produces the best performance compared to other methods. Based on the average performance metrics from 100 replicate validation, the CatBoost G-SMOTE model produces a sensitivity of 0.7104, specificity of 0.7043, G-Mean of 0.7067, and AUC of 0.7844. Handling the imbalance class problem using the G-SMOTE method effectively increases the sensitivity value in the two proposed ensemble learning models. Meanwhile, the SMOTE-ENN method produces effective G-Mean values for the Random Forest (RF) algorithms. Based on Shapley's value, the features with the highest contribution to predicting anemia in children (5-12 years) are ferritin, vitamin A, consumption of vegetables, diagnosed pneumonia, zinc, calcium total, and consumption of soft or carbonated drinks.

Comprehensive insights on treatment modalities with conventional and herbal drugs for the treatment of duodenal ulcers.

Areas of the body accessible to gastric secretions, such as the stomach and duodenum, are most commonly damaged by circumscribed lesions of the upper gastrointestinal tract mucosa. Peptic ulcer disease is the term for this illness (PUD). About 80% of peptic ulcers are duodenal ulcers, with stomach ulcers accounting for the remaining 20%. Duodenal ulcers are linked to the two primary results about Helicobacter pylori infection and COX inhibitor users. Additional causes might include drinking, smoking, stress, and coffee consumption. The indications and symptoms of a duodenal ulcer depend on the patient's age and the lesion's location. For duodenal ulcers, proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) are the usual course of treatment. This comprehensive study included an in-depth literature search in the literature and methods section using electronic databases such as PubMed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar. The search method included publications published from the inception of the relevant database to the present. Inclusion criteria included studies investigating different treatment options for duodenal ulcer disease, including traditional pharmacotherapy and naturopathic treatments. Data mining includes information on treatment techniques, treatment outcomes, and possible synergies between conventional and herbal treatments. In addition, this review critically examines the available information on the effectiveness, safety, and possible side effects of different treatments. The inclusion of conventional and herbal treatments is intended to provide a comprehensive overview of the many treatment options available for duodenal ulcer disease. A more comprehensive and personalized treatment plan can be achieved by incorporating dietary changes, lifestyle modifications, and, if necessary, herbal therapies to complement other treatments normally.

Drinking patterns among US men and women: Racial and ethnic differences from adolescence to early midlife.

Drinking patterns among young adult men and women in the United States have been understudied, especially among racial and ethnic groups such as Asian Americans and Hispanics. Because alcohol-related racial and ethnic health disparities persist or increase in midlife, identifying peak ages of hazardous drinking could help to reduce disparities. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to examine: (1) past 12-month heavy episodic drinking (HED) and total alcohol volume consumption among non-Hispanic White (NHW), Black, Hispanic, and Asian men and women from ages 12 through 41, and (2) age-varying associations of race and ethnicity with drinking. Hispanic and Asian ethnic groups were disaggregated by historical drinking patterns. Time-varying effect models accounted for major demographic confounders. NHW men and women experienced elevated drinking rates in their early 20s, with a second elevation in their 30s. Black men and women did not have elevated drinking until their 30s. Among Hispanic men and women, peak drinking periods varied by gender and subgroup drinking pattern. Peak HED and total consumption emerged in the early 30s for Asian men, while peak HED occurred in the early 20s for Asian women. Drinking at certain ages for some racial and ethnic minoritized men and women did not differ from that in their NHW counterparts. Age periods during which subgroups in the U.S. population experience elevated alcohol consumption vary by ethnicity and gender. Recognition of these group differences could enhance our understanding of intervention timing.

The Association between Diet and Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the Central Nervous System (CNS) that affects individuals between the ages of 20 and 40 years, with a higher prevalence among women. Prevalence of this disease has increased significantly in recent decades in different geographical areas. There is evidence to suggest that both genetic and environmental factors play a role in the development of MS. This study aims to investigate the potential relationship between diet and MS in the Azeri population of the East Azerbaijan province of Iran. 467 MS patients and 260 non-related healthy individuals under the age of 15 completed a dietary demographic questionnaire. The relationship between food consumption and MS was evaluated using the obtained data. MS patients had a significantly higher consumption of fat, high-fat dairy, fast food, soybean, sausages and kielbasa, pickles, and leftover food (p-value=0.0001), while healthy individuals had a higher consumption of fruit (p-value=0.0001). Consumption of Meat, sweets, and fizzy drinks was also found to be higher in MS patients (p-value<0.05). There was no significant difference in the consumption of vegetables, cakes biscuits, and spices between the two groups (p-value>0.05). The results suggest that fruit consumption under the age of 15 may be a protective factoragainst MS, while the consumption of fat, high-fat dairy, fast food, soybean, sausages and kielbasa, pickles, leftover food, meat, sweets, sauce, and fizzy drinks under the age of 15, maybe risk factors for MS.

ФАКТОРЫ РИСКА РЕЗИСТЕНТНОСТИ ЮНОШЕСКОЙ МИОКЛОНИЧЕСКОЙ ЭПИЛЕПСИИ

Abstract. Introduction. Juvenile myoclonic epilepsy is the most common form of genetic generalized epilepsy, which is included in the group of idiopathic generalized epilepsies. The etiology of drug-resistant forms of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy, which represent a serious clinical problem, is currently a controversial issue. Aim. To reveal the most significant risk factors of resistance in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Materials and Methods. The observational retrospective study included 56 patients, 46 (82%) women and 10 (18%) men. Inclusion criteria: patients diagnosed with juvenile myoclonic epilepsy based on the criteria of the International League Against Epilepsy, treatment for at least 2 years. The type and frequency of epileptic seizures, the onset and course of the disease, concomitant diseases, family history, all available results of 1-2 hours video electroencephalographic monitoring with sleep, and magnetic resonance imaging results were analyzed. Depending on the treatment effect, all patients were divided into two groups: 1 – without seizures, 2 – with seizures. Lack of complete seizure control for at least 2 years was considered intractable epilepsy. Risk ratios as outcomes for dichotomous variables in two compared groups for various characteristics and their confidence intervals were calculated using the Review Manager program (v5.3). Differences were considered significant at P&lt;0.05. Results and Discussion. As a result, there were obtained data on the resistance of juvenile myoclonic epilepsy depending on the age of disease onset, the type of epileptic seizures, changes in the electroencephalogram, and the type of antiepileptic treatment. Conclusions. The most significant risk factors of resistance in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy have been identified: frequent generalized tonic-clonic seizures (more than 5 times a year) accompanying the basic disease, depression, anxiety, and lack of response to the treatment with valproic acid. At the same time, non-compliance, sleep disturbances, consumption of alcohol and energy drinks during therapy are factors that can be controlled during the physician’s individual work with the patient aimed at the explanation and prevention of risks in treatment.

Examining the Role of Aguas Frescas in Assessment of Sugary-Drink Intake among Mexican and Mexican American Adults

BackgroundAguas frescas are Mexican drinks that are typically made with water, sugar, and fruit. Aguas frescas may be a significant component of sugary-drink intake among Mexican and Mexican-American (MA) adults. However, it is unclear whether survey respondents report aguas frescas consumption when it is not specifically queried in standardized beverage frequency instruments. ObjectivesThis study examined the prevalence of aguas frescas consumption, the sociodemographic correlates of aguas frescas intake, and how specifically querying aguas frescas intake affects sugary-drink estimates among Mexican and MA adults. MethodsCross-sectional, online surveys were conducted in 2021 with 5377 Mexican and 3073 MA adults as part of the International Food Policy Study. Past 7-d consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), sugary drinks, and aguas frescas were assessed along with relevant covariates. Weighted analyses included logistic and linear regression, including models with correlation structure. ResultsAn estimated 61.7% of Mexican and 28.7% of MA adults consumed aguas frescas. In Mexico, consumption was associated with females, low education, perceiving oneself as having about the right weight, being good to excellent health, and consuming an unhealthy amount of sugary drinks. For MAs, intake was associated with being younger, speaking Spanish, and perceiving oneself as being underweight or about the right weight. Among Mexican adults who consumed aguas frescas but did not report them unless specifically queried, the volume of SSB intake was 67.9% higher for females and 64.3% higher for males when aguas frescas were included. Among MAs, SSB intake was 56.9% higher for females and 44.1% higher for males. Most participants (79.9%–85.2%) remained in the same sugary-drink tertiles when including compared with excluding aguas frescas. ConclusionsAguas frescas should be queried during beverage intake assessments, as they contribute a nontrivial amount of added sugars to the diets of many Mexican and MA adults.

Creamer Encapsulated Aloe Vera: Physical and Chemical Screening for A Beverage Prospect

Abstract Recently, consumers of herbal drinks have been exposed to nutritional effects of Aloe vera. This article presents an analysis of physical and chemical properties of creamer encapsulated Aloe vera as a nutrient-rich food candidate. The research aimed to explore comparison between the drying method influence, spray-drying and freeze-drying. The yield percentage was made up to investigate the effectiveness of the procedure. In addition, the physical observation of the final product consists of morphology, moisture content, water solubility, acidity level, viscosity and color. The chemical analysis was decided for the polysaccharide and acetyl-O polysaccharide content calculation of the materials. To begin with, XRF data explained that the dried Aloe vera as raw materials is a prospect for an osteoporosis agent which contains 0.506% of magnesium and 3.75% of calcium. After being dried with creamer encapsulation, the freeze-drying technique produced almost twice as much yield as the spray-drying. The Av-Cr-SD was scanned as an oval shape, whereas the Av-Cr-FD was a smooth thin layer. Moreover, Av-Cr-FD contained higher moisture, dissolved faster in water and was lower pH than Av-Cr-SD. For viscosity and color parameters, the both products did not show significant value. The chemical study explained that Av-Cr-SD was calculated as a lower percentage of polysaccharide and acetyl-O polysaccharide content. Overall, we estimated that the freeze-drying method is more applicable to produce the encapsulated powders. As in the previous studies, we found that the heat of the different equipment is one of the factors that result in the different characteristics of the products.

Demographic Influences on Consumer Perceptions of Celebrity Endorsements in the Soft Drink Industry

The study investigates the influence of demographic factors on consumer perceptions of celebrity endorsements in the soft drink industry. Utilizing ANOVA analyses, the research examines the impact of age, gender, and occupation on consumption patterns, brand preferences, and attitudes towards celebrity endorsements. Findings indicate a significant association between age and soft drink consumption frequency, with younger demographics showing higher consumption rates. However, gender and occupation do not significantly affect brand selection or endorsement perceptions. Notably, consumers across diverse demographics exhibit similar levels of susceptibility to celebrity endorsements, suggesting a universal appeal transcending gender and occupation. Despite demographic variations in consumption habits, celebrity endorsements wield comparable influence across consumer segments. The abstract underscores the importance of celebrity endorsements in shaping consumer behaviour within the soft drink industry and highlights the need for tailored marketing strategies targeting specific age groups.

Randomized study to assess colonic microbiome changes in response to energy drink consumption (ROSANNA trial).

Randomized study to assess colonic microbiome changes in response to energy drink consumption (ROSANNA trial).