Consumed Iron Supplements Research Articles

Analisis Faktor Penyebab Anemia pada Ibu Hamil di Puskesmas Kairatu Seram Barat

Kairatu Health Center is 1 of 17 health centers in the district of West Seram with the prevalence of anemia is high at 45.63% and 2017 anemic order to 7 of 10 diseases in PHC Kairatu. Prevalence is quite high compared to world 38,2 and in Indonesia 37.1%. The purpose of this study was to determine anemia in pregnant women using cross sectional and the total sample of 120 people.Data collected interviews and questionnaires, then analyzed by univariate, bivariate and multivariate. Anemic respondents were more than those who were not anemic with the highest category of moderate anemia. Most of the respondents' ages are not at risk, slight parity, distant pregnancy distance, most trimester 3 gestational, but prenatal care is not up to standard. The test results for the cost of consuming iron supplements (p=0.030) and coffee/tea consumption (p=0.004) correlated with the incidence of anemia in pregnant women.The influential variables were consumption of iron supplements (OR=17,763) and coffee/tea consumption (OR=17,590) while age a protective factor (p=0,196). Pregnant women who do not adhere to consuming Fe tablets and often consume coffee/tea greatly affect the prevalence of anemia. Anemic education and prevention through various media and controlling the distribution of Fe tablets and consumption of Fe tablets through drug consumption cards can be carried out continuously to suppress pravalence anemia.

A Survey of Iron Supplementation Consumption and its Related Factors in High School Students in Southeast Iran, 2015.

This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of iron supplement consumption and its associated factors among high school students in Iran. A mixed-methods (quantitative-qualitative) study was conducted in Zahedan, southeast Iran, in 2015. The sample comprised 400 high school students from different areas of Zahedan who were randomly selected. A standard questionnaire and semi-structured interview were used to collect data in the quantitative and qualitative phases, respectively. The data were analysed using SPSS software with one-way ANOVA and Pearson's chi square. Additionally, content analysis was used for the qualitative analysis. In total, 38.2% of the students had not consumed iron supplements in the past 16 weeks, and students in third grade had the highest non-consumption rate (P=0.006). There was a significant positive relationship between iron tablet consumption and grade point average in the last year (P = 0.003). Digestive problems, influence of family and friends, students' reluctance, and poor environmental situations were the most important factors related to students' refusal to take tablets. Most students did not take or irregularly consumed iron supplements. Based on the digestive problems of the students, improving the taste and quality of iron tablets is recommended.

KURANG ASUPAN VITAMIN A, C, E DAN BETA KAROTEN MENINGKATKAN KEJADIAN PREEKLAMPSIA DI RSUP DR. SARDJITO, YOGYAKARTA

The Objective of this study was to evaluate the vitamin A, C, E and beta carotene intakes and preeclampsia among pregnant women. The data were analyzed from 30 pregnant women with preeclampsia as a case group and 30 healthy pregnant women as a control group. The survey was carried out between July 2004 and February 2005 at Sardjito Hospital, Yogyakarta. The nutrient intakes are presented as median values and the Kruskal- Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U test were used. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine the factors associated with preeclampsi a. In total, 23 percent pregnant women craved foods, 40 percent avoided certain foods, 23 percent had consumed jamu during pregnancy and 68% were consuming iron supplements. The percentage of healthy pregnant women consumed iron supplements was higher than pregnant women with preeclampsia (p<0.05). In contrast, the percentage of healthy pregnant women consumed jamu was lower than pregnant women with preeclampsia (p<0.05). Healthy pregnant women had higher vitamin A, C, E and beta carotene intakes than pregnant women with preeclampsia. There were no significant differences among those groups. Pregnant women consuming low vitamin A, C, E and beta carotene intake are at risk of developing preeclampsia. Keywords : pregnant women, preeclampsia, vitamin A, C, E and beta carotene intake

A Randomized Controlled Trial in Young Women of the Effects of Consuming Pork Meat or Iron Supplements on Nutritional Status and Feeling of Well-being

Objectives: Limited information is available on the role of pork meat in influencing iron status. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of consuming pork meat as compared to iron supplementation on nutritional status and feeling of well-being.Methods: Young women were randomly assigned to a control diet (CG), a pork-containing diet (PG), or a control diet with iron supplementation (SG) for 12 weeks. Sixty-five women aged 24.6 ± 4.4 years (mean ± SD) completed the trial.Results: Serum ferritin concentrations were increased significantly (p = 0.001) in participants assigned to the SG as compared with the other groups, as assessed by repeated-measures analysis of variance. At week 12, hemoglobin concentrations were significantly higher in PG and SG as compared with CG. Plasma zinc concentrations at the end of the intervention were similar to baseline concentrations for individuals in the CG and PG but were decreased significantly (p < 0.05) in SG. Plasma-, erythrocyte-folate, and serum vitamin B6 and B12 concentrations were not significantly affected by the intervention, although the concentrations of vitamins B6 and B12 tended to increase in PG. Well-being, as measured using the Health Survey Short Form (SF-36) and its 8 multi-item scales, showed significant improvement in vitality in SG (p < 0.05) and bodily pain in PG (p < 0.05). No significant relationships were observed between these health concept scores and biomarkers of nutritional status.Conclusions: Consumption of pork meat by young women maintains hemoglobin levels to the same extent as low-dose iron supplementation and enhances the components of well-being, mainly their perception of bodily pain.

Iron Intake and Risk of Ovulatory Infertility

To evaluate whether iron supplement use or greater intake of total, heme and nonheme iron is associated with lower risk of ovulatory infertility. We conducted a prospective cohort study among 18,555 married, premenopausal women without a history of infertility who attempted a pregnancy or became pregnant between 1991 and 1999 (mean baseline age+/-standard deviation 32.6+/-3.6). Diet was assessed twice during follow-up and prospectively related to the incidence of infertility due to ovulatory disorder. During the 8 years of follow-up, 438 women reported infertility due to ovulatory disorder. Women who consumed iron supplements had a significantly lower risk of ovulatory infertility than women who did not use iron supplements (relative risk 0.60, 95% confidence interval 0.39-0.92), after adjusting for potential confounders. Total nonheme iron intake, primarily consumed as multivitamins and iron supplements, was inversely associated with the risk of infertility (relative risk Quintile 1 compared with 5, 95% confidence interval 0.39-0.92; P, trend .005.) Heme iron intake was unrelated to ovulatory infertility in multivariable adjusted analyses. Consumption of iron supplements and nonheme iron from other sources may decrease the risk of ovulatory infertility. II-2.

A prospective study of maternal hemoglobin status of Indian women during pregnancy and pregnancy outcome

The purpose of this study was to determine the hemoglobin status of middle- and high-income Indian women during pregnancy and to assess the relationship between maternal hemoglobin and the outcome of their newborns. A total of 500 pregnant women from Mysore city with confirmed pregnancy of 15 to 20 days postconception volunteered for the study and were followed until 1 week postdelivery. In the first and second trimesters, 45% to 49% women were anemic, whereas 16% were anemic in the third trimester. Normal concentration of hemoglobin in all the 3 trimesters was found to have a significant influence on birth weight. Mothers having highest hemoglobin concentrations (group D) exhibited the lowest percentage of infants with low-birth-weight infants (7.1% and 1.2%). This indicates the importance of normal hemoglobin concentrations in the first trimester on pregnancy outcome. Results of 24-hour dietary recall indicated a small difference in mean iron intake among women from middle- and high-income groups, that is, 21.9 ± 1.8 to 23.5 ± 2.2 and 22.8 ± 3.7 to 24.8 ± 4.3 mg/d, respectively, during the course of pregnancy. The intakes were far below the recommended dietary allowances for pregnant Indian women. All the subjects consumed iron supplements from the 20th week of pregnancy. The observations confirmed that normal hemoglobin concentration in the first trimester is crucial for better pregnancy outcome and income as wielding an indirect influence.

A cross sectional study of maternal iron status of Korean women during pregnancy

The purpose of this study was to determine the iron status of Korean women during pregnancy and to assess the relationship between maternal iron status and the outcome of their newborns. A total of eighty-one pregnant women living in Gwangju, Korea, participated in the study: 26 women were in the first trimester, 23 in the second trimester, and 32 in the third trimester. Maternal red blood cell (RBC) number, hemoglobin (Hb) concentration, and serum iron and ferritin levels were reduced significantly in the last trimester ( p < 0.05) compared to the findings both in the first and second trimesters. On the other hand, total iron binding capacity (TIBC), transferrin level, and the ratio of sTfR to ferritin in the third trimester were higher ( p < 0.05) than those both in the first and second trimesters. Dietary intake of iron in the three trimesters was 9.7 ± 2.3, 13.3 ± 4.3, and 10.6 ± 2.5 mg/day, respectively. All were far below the Korean Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA) of iron for pregnant women. Approximately, ninety percent of the subjects consumed iron supplements after the 20th week of their pregnancies until delivery. The supplemental iron intake in the second and third trimesters was 40 ± 12 and 46 ± 11 mg/day, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the maternal Hb level in the third trimester and the birth weight of infants. In conclusion, maternal iron status deteriorated during pregnancy, although most subjects consumed more than the RDA of iron by taking iron supplements after the 20th week of pregnancy. The results confirm that maternal iron deficiency during pregnancy negatively affects the outcome of newborns.