Construction Of Transportation Facilities Research Articles

Perspective contact imprint parameters of road roller working body with bearing surface when compacting road materials

Introduction. The most efficient machine for compacting road building materials in the construction of transport facilities, a road roller with a promising pneumatic tire roller that can effectively use vibration, is considered.Materials and methods. The results of the studies characterizing the parameters of the imprint of the contact of the working body of the roller with the supporting surface, which significantly affect the efficiency of the technological operation of compacting road materials, are presented. During the experiment, the values of the minor and major axes of the contact imprint ellipse, its area, the value of contact pressures depending on the load on the roller and the number of metal bands installed on the roller were revealed.Result. The article provides illustrations of the experiments carried out, the data obtained in the form of analytical and graphical dependencies are presented.Discussion and conclusion. The bandages on standard tires that are mass-produced are installed. The presented promising road roller, which combines the capabilities of different sizes (by weight) of rollers, which can speed up the process of compacting materials, reduce energy, metal and labour intensity and increase the efficiency of road construction.

A Multi-Objective Semantic Segmentation Algorithm Based on Improved U-Net Networks

The construction of transport facilities plays a pivotal role in enhancing people’s living standards, stimulating economic growth, maintaining social stability and bolstering national security. During the construction of transport facilities, it is essential to identify the distinctive features of a construction area to anticipate the construction process and evaluate the potential risks associated with the project. This paper presents a multi-objective semantic segmentation algorithm based on an improved U-Net network, which can improve the recognition efficiency of various types of features in the construction zone of transportation facilities. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: A multi-class target sample dataset based on UAV remote sensing and construction areas is established. A new virtual data augmentation method based on semantic segmentation of transport facility construction areas is proposed. A semantic segmentation model for the construction regions based on data augmentation and transfer learning is developed and future research directions are given. The results of the study show that the validity of the virtual data augmentation approach has been verified; the semantic segmentation of the transport facility model can semantically segment a wide range of target features. The highest semantic segmentation accuracy of the feature type was 97.56%.

Analytical solution for adjacent pile deformation induced by excavation construction of transportation facilities considering heavy rainfall influence

The current design practice for predicting the interaction mechanics for excavation-soil-pile is generally conducted on the assumption of fine weather and provides little attention on the rainfall intensity and duration risk. Furthermore, previous studies on the disturbed soil induced by deep excavation seldom take account of the impacts of support structure. This paper introduces an analytical solution to estimate the interaction between excavation and adjacent pile considering the heavy rainfall influence. By introducing the modified Green-Ampt model under the assumption of stratification, the Mindlin’s solution is derived to efficiently predict the additional stress of surrounding soils at the position of adjacent pile in heavy rainfall environment. Then, the Pasternak foundation model is employed for the deformation response of adjacent pile caused by additional stress, which accounts for heavy rainfall influence. The accuracy of the mathematical model is then verified by comparisons with in-situ observed data. It is revealed that the solution considering the rainfall infiltration mechanism can provide a prediction of deformation response for pile in good agreements. Finally, the parametric analyses are performed to estimate the influence for the characteristics of the wetting front and the adjacent pile displacement response, including relevant parameters of the rainfall and the pile.

STUDY OF SAMPLES OF PERMANENT POST-TENSION REINFORCED CONCRETE FORMWORK SLABS FOR BRIDGES DECK

Shortening the terms of objects construction is one of the most important economic tasks in modern conditions. But it is worth considering the fact that fully prefabricated structures have a number of disadvantages that affect the further operation of the transport facility. Among them are problems related to the impossibility of ensuring reliable waterproofing of the prefabricated elements joints and as the result corrosion of concrete and reinforcement. Taking into account the experience of using prefabricated structures, domestic engineers, as well as foreign colleagues, came to the conclusion that monolithic and prefabricated-monolithic structures provide greater durability of the structure in general. That is why the use of prefabricated monolithic span structures in the construction of transport facilities has become widespread. The use of permanent formwork during the installation of a monolithic deck slab is a promising trend in modern bridge construction. This is especially relevant in the construction of overpasses and flyovers in dense urban areas, where the use of inventory scaffolding for slab concreting is impossible or significantly complicates existing traffic. Although permanent formwork has been used for many years, its work as а part of the structure has not been studied much. It is possible to cite many examples of use of permanent formwork both abroad and in domestic practice. Crack resistance is a pressing issue both individually of permanent formwork tiles and of the prefabricated monolithic in general. The article deals with formwork in the form of flat reinforced concrete slabs with pre-tension reinforcement. The production of such plates is quite economical, despite the use of prestressing, especially by the extrusion method, with subsequent cutting into segments of any shape and length. Study of the experience of using permanent formwork in different countries was the first stage of the research. In order to understand the expediency of using permanent formwork slabs, it is proposed to test samples of such slabs to determine their efficiency and suitability for further operation. The tests were carried out on a power bench with two concentrated forces using the "pure bending" method. The test results for such plates are also given in the article.

Research on Agricultural Logistics Efficiency Based on DEA and Tobit Regression Models

As the link between production and consumption, urban and rural areas, industry and agriculture, agricultural logistics plays a vital role in optimizing the rural industrial structure and developing the rural economy. However, the efficiency of agricultural logistics has been less studied. This paper launched a study on the evaluation of agricultural logistics performance based on DEA model, constructed an input-output index system, collected and collated data on relevant indicators of agricultural logistics in 30 provinces and municipalities (excluding Tibet) in 2018 and 2019, and applied DEAP2.1 software to evaluate the efficiency, and the research results showed that 7 provinces and municipalities showed strong agricultural logistics efficiency in 2018, 5 provinces and municipalities have efficiencies between 0.8 and 1, and 18 provinces and municipalities have efficiencies below 0.8. In 2019, 7 provinces and municipalities showed strong agricultural logistics efficiency, 6 provinces and municipalities had efficiency between 0.8 and 1, and 17 provinces and municipalities had efficiency below 0.8. Based on this, a regression analysis study was conducted on the influencing factors affecting agricultural logistics efficiency through the Tobit model, and the study concluded that the level of rural goods turnover, the level of agricultural logistics operation, the level of education of the labor force is the main factor affecting the efficiency of agricultural logistics, while the regional living standard and the level of construction of transport facilities have shown a significant uncorrelated.

Analysis of Soil Subscription on Soil Lack Combination of PVD and PHD With Analytical and Numerical Methods Using 3D Plaxis in STA 103 + 550 Construction of High Click Toll Road Range, Stage 1

The construction of transportation facilities on soft soil will cause problems where the bearing capacity of soft soil is low and the process of land subsidence will require a long period of time. As is known, the land subsidence factor causes many problems in the process of building transportation facilities, besides that, there will also be problems at the level of service (serviceability). Therefore, this problem must be anticipated before the transportation facility begins to function. There are many methods that can be done. Where in the selection of methods, the efficiency and effectiveness factors are very dominant. One method that can be done is to fill the soil combined with vertical drain and horizontal drain. This method was chosen to be one of the most widely used methods because it is easy to do and quite efficient. The purpose of writing this thesis is to analyze thereduction of settlement each layer of soft soil that is repaired using the soil filling method combined with prefabricated vertical drain and prefabricated horizontal drain using the PLAXIS 3D program. The results of this calculation will then be compared with observations made in the field using a settlement plate for later analysis. Calculation of the size of the consolidation settlement using the Terzaghi 1 dimension consolidation method obtained a decrease of 16.09 cm. This result is relatively close to the results of observations made in the field of 16.3 cm. In the PLAXIS 3D modeling approach using 1 PVD line and 1 PHD line, the result is a decrease of 16.52 cm without taking into account the effect of the smear zone and 16.22 cm taking into account the effect of the smear zone. In the PLAXIS 3D modeling approach using 2 PVD lines and 2 PHD lines, the result is a decrease of 16.54 cm without taking into account the effect of the smear zone and 16.28 cm by taking into account the effect of the smear zone. And when modeling without using PHD the value of the decrease obtained is 9.7 cm. When modeling using sand blanket as a substitute for PHD, the decrease value is 13.3 cm

IMPROVING THE MANAGEMENT OF TRANSPORT INFRASTRUCTURE PROJECTS

Today, it is important to use alternative methods and approaches that allow for more efficient and high-quality management of projects that take into account the real cost and duration of construction stages. The main idea of this study is to improve the process support of companies to increase the management efficiency indicators during the construction of transport facilities. The research is based on a systematic approach and software applied to construction processes. The combination of management relationships with properly selected and used resources, in the presence of innovative technologies, will allow achieving visible results in the implementation of projects. Project management based on a systematic approach, using modern software, is recommended for implementation and use in construction organizations, as it allows you to optimize calendar planning and increase economic efficiency, even in periods of uncertainty; it allows you to reduce resource costs and reduce construction time; take into account the risks of the project, as well as monitor and track the actual implementation of projects for the construction of transport infrastructure facilities.

Empirical Study on the Relationship between Highway Construction and Economic Growth Based on Big Data Analysis

Transportation infrastructure including Highway and national economic growth have been widely concerned. Based on the analysis and processing of big data on highway construction and national economic growth, this paper discusses not only the influence of production behavior on economic growth, but also the influence of transportation facility construction and consumption behavior on economic growth. Select the total amount of civilian vehicles as representative data of consumption behavior, and construct the panel data from 2005 to 2018 for regression analysis by analyzing the positive correlation between the highway mileage and the total amount of civilian vehicles to explore the relationship between construction of transportation facilities including its derived consumption behavior and national economic growth.

ІСТОРИЧНИЙ РОЗВИТОК МОСТОБУДІВНИЦТВА В УКРАЇНСЬКИХ ГУБЕРНІЯХ ПЕРШОЇ ПОЛОВИНИ ХІХ ст. (НА ПРИКЛАДІ КИЇВСЬКОЇ ГУБЕРНІЇ)

Historical literature and archival sources, which were analyzed, allowed to reveal the components of development of river transport constructions of the Kyiv province of the first half of the 19th century. Work with the corps of sources presented in Central State Historical Archive of Ukraine in Kyiv, State Archive of Kyiv region, State Archive of Kyiv restored the peculiarities of state agencies relations, designed to coordinate the actions of local authorities, delegates of the merchant class in the field of construction of transport facilities, in particular, river bridges. It was found that the main reasons for building bridges were the aspirations of the authorities and the entrepreneurial class to provide profits that associated with the transportation of people, the supply of goods. It was established that were involved in the construction of bridges the state, represented by the provincial government, and merchants who became contractors. There were many cases when bridges, dams and river carriages were built by the efforts of several private and starost granges farms, whose economists acted as organizers of construction and their using. Regulation of the use of river structures pushed the authorities to abolish the privileges of fee collection, the right to which nobles, landowners inherited from Polish state. Authorities granted permits to build or purchase bridges only in cases, where it did not contradict the military calculations. With the help of merchants were erected not only river structures, but entrepreneurs were involved in the construction of roads leading to bridges. There were cases where foreign engineers have been involved in the design and construction of stone bridges. Contemporaries insisted on the low quality of erected transport structures (wooden dams, bridges) on small rivers of the Kyiv province by the efforts of peasants involved in the zemstvo duty. The consequences of this state of river transport facilities for trade were difficult to transporting people and goods each spring and autumn rainy season.

Bases of Elements of Multi-Criteria Analysis of Quality of Design Decisions

Economic and mathematical models are focused on obtaining optimal solutions to particular problems in the field of transport construction (formation of organizational structures, provision of materials for construction, creation of specialized units, development of production standards, development of work schedules, etc.). None of the considered methods can claim universality in substantiating decisions, since the decision-making process itself has a complex hierarchical structure: part of the decisions is made “at the highest level”, the other part of decisions is transferred to the “lower” levels. No governing body is capable of making all decisions. Therefore, economic and mathematical models can also be recommended both in the field of macroeconomics (to the highest level of transport construction management) and in the field of microeconomics (construction organizations, enterprises, production units). In this regard, it is important to correctly assess the “niche” of the construction management system, in which one or another model should have a place. Obviously, most of them can be recommended to organizations and enterprises of the “middle” and “lower” levels in which the technological processes of the construction of transport facilities are implemented, although their application at the highest level is also possible (for example, cluster analysis models, linear programming, network models, etc.).

Geo-economic perspectives for construction on speed roads in Bulgaria

This proposal presents the territorial structure of the national space in Bulgaria. Needs for improving the integration within the national and regional space have been identified. The need to build recent roads that can contribute to the sustainable development of the regional economy is justified. It is offered in separate regions for construction of transport facilities and facilities that can determine essential importance in the regional development of the country. To a greater extent, such a transport system for Bulgaria will help the rapid integration of the country in the process of integration of the European Union. The exhibition proposes the implementation of regional development policies that are related to transport connectivity and have an effect on the regional economic development of the regions in Bulgaria.

Methods for ensuring the required consumer properties for the construction of transport facilities in an accelerated time frame

The article discusses methods for providing concreting of transport objects without defects using the example of the construction of a bridge across the Kerch Strait. It is shown that through the use of modern calculation and analytical methods, it is possible to obtain high-quality structures and operational reliability under the conditions of the necessary construction pace. These methods are based on the construction of a thermophysical model of the processes that occur in hardening concrete during heating and cooling. The existing experience in the construction of similar facilities is also taken into account. The problem posed today is relevant in connection with the development of bridge building in our country. It has important economic and geo-political significance, and its solution is not possible without taking into account the temperature factor of hardening concrete. The proposed methods made it possible to ensure the required operational properties of the structures of this type and to withstand the established deadlines for the construction of the Crimean bridge. They can be used in the construction of other objects of this type.

Communicative problems of management during the construction of transport facilities

The article discusses the problematic aspects of communication using information and intelligent environments in the construction industry - software systems for BIM modeling and management of production and transport logistics on the construction site. Issues of effective communication in software environments for network management and enterprise management improvement are considered. The article notes the importance of role-based communications in the innovation process. Based on the information approach to the development of communications, we show the possibility of creating institutional forms of innovation in the management of construction production and transport with the help of software packages for BIM modeling and production control and logistics management.

Social network analysis of virtual water trade among major countries in the world

This study utilizes multi-region input–output model to calculate the virtual water trade among 19 major countries (the Group 20 countries, except the EU) from 2006 to 2015. Moreover, this paper uses network analysis method to study the characteristics of virtual water trade networks. Results show that: (1) the import and export of the virtual water trade among 19 major countries in 2015 increased in varying degrees. Among them, the growth rates of China's import and Russia's export were the highest. (2) The density(average value) and asymmetry(differences between import and export)of the virtual water trade network among the major countries in 2006–2015 increased throughout the whole industry and the three major industries. In comparison with the secondary and tertiary industries, the virtual water trade network formed by the primary industry is denser. (3) The Out-Degree(corresponding to export) and In-Degree(corresponding to import)of countries in the virtual water trade network of the whole industry increased in varying degrees in 2015. Major countries exhibited the largest export and import within the primary industry, except for Japan and South Korea. Therefore, in order to alleviate the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in various countries, it is necessary to further strengthen the construction of transportation facilities and reduce the logistics cost of trade in industrial and agricultural products, especially the trade cost of agricultural products such as grain, so as to further expand the virtual water import and export trade to expand the import and export trade of the virtual water network further.

Implementation of the “quality” concept in the construction of transport infrastructure facilities

The article deals with issues related to the implementation of the concept of “quality” in the construction of transport facilities. Based on the fact that a large number of transport facilities designed for individual projects have been built in our country in recent years, we can say with confidence that this problem is currently relevant. The purpose of this work is to generalize and systematize the main methods and techniques for conducting concrete works that minimize the formation of defects and cracks in the construction of transport infrastructure. The article uses the example of a sufficient number of different technologies to show the developed methods for obtaining high-quality concrete products, taking into account the use of modern construction materials, which have been repeatedly tested and proved their effectiveness in the real construction sector. The obtained results formed the basis of projects for the production of works, technological regulations for the production of works, technical conditions and standards of organizations, manuals, and also allowed us to implement the concept of “quality” in transport construction, based on obtaining defect-free reinforced concrete structures with specified properties, taking into account the use of modern building materials. The research made it possible to carry out the construction of non-class complex transport structures of various massiveness and length and can form the basis of construction technology for other industrial and civil construction projects, in which reinforced concrete is widely used.

Analysis on the Optimization of Agricultural Products Logistics in Huairen City

The essence of agricultural products logistics is the entity flow and information transfer from producer to consumer, which not only meets the needs of customers, but also realizes the value of agricultural products. Huairen city has a huge demand for the modernization of agricultural products logistics because of its natural location advantage and the active guidance of national policies. Although the city has made progress in the construction of transportation facilities and logistics industry, there are still problems such as backward level of cold chain logistics, low level of standardization and informatization, and shortage of talents. Therefore, based on the theory and practice, this paper analyzes the current situation, explores the future development direction of Huairen city’s agricultural products logistics, so as to accelerate the establishment of a modern agricultural products circulation system, promote the rationalization and adjustment of the agricultural structure.

Integrated transport system - basis of Russia’s security

Possibility of improvement of optimization of integrated transport systems formed in case of several types of transport due to the introduction of design and construction management at the stage of creating subsystems of each type of transport. Factors intended to participate in the management of natural resources related to their extraction (technical and economic factors affecting the organization of movement by mode of transport and factors associated with the production of final transport products). The paper discusses the issues of placement and management capabilities of industrial transport systems based on the interaction of technical and natural systems. The implementation of project management methods for the construction of transport facilities developed on the basis of compiling individual project management algorithms, including organizational preparatory procedures, should be mandatory for all project participants, including customers.

Experience in the restoration of permafrost degradation areas adjacent to transport infrastructure facilities

The construction of transport facilities in the regions of the Extreme (or Far) North and the Arctic Zone is a very specific task with plenty of peculiarities. This can be referred to ever-frozen subsoils, hard-to-reach areas, low temperatures most of the year, as well as limited reserves of inert materials (stone, construction sand) used for construction.

ANALISA KINERJA PERSIMPANGAN BERSINYAL PADA PERSIMPANGAN ANGKATAN 66 DAN RUAS JALAN R. SOEKAMTO KOTA PALEMBANG

Transportation is a very important and strategic means to facilitate the movement in an effort to meet the needs of the community. Planning and construction of transportation facilities and infrastructure, greatly influence in determining the increase of economic growth in supporting the achievement of development targets. The real impact that occurs as a result of rapid economic growth, population growth, and changes in land use affects the performance of intersections and roads, especially the problem of congestion, delays, queues opportunities and other issues. Based on the result of calculation analysis which have been done by using Indonesian Highway Capacity Manual method (IHCM), capacity of intersection of Angkatan 66 Palembang on the condition of the morning peak was 3007 smp / hour at peak lunch was 2875 smp / hour and the afternoon peak is 2997 smp / hour. The high movement of vehicular traffic flow at the intersection of Angkatan 66 and the road R. Soekamto indicates that the level of service is not sufficient to meet traffic needs, this can be seen from the Lower level of service or performance (Level of Service / LOS) at the intersection Angkatan 66 and the road R. Soekamto C (0,7908) and D (0,889) are at the level where the current begins unstable operation speed relatively quick decline due to the obstacles that arise. So to overcome the problem of alternative road widening or construction of fly over (fly over) and traffic management in the form of traffic engineering management has to be implemented.

Please in My Back Yard: The Private and Public Benefits of a New Tram Line in Florence

Urban agglomerations, revealing the highest levels of productivity and growth, raise severe congestion problems. This issue can be mitigated by the construction of transport facilities allowing a higher centre-suburbs permeability. The returns of similar infrastructures are under debate, especially in cities characterized by huge artistic and urbanistic constraints. The purpose of this paper is to estimate the private and public benefits of a new tramline recently built in Florence. We apply the synthetic control method on metropolitan micro-zones in order to estimate the impact of the facility on house prices in the suburbs located close to the tram stops. We also estimate a hedonic pricing model on individual bids downloaded from a popular real estate agency. The results, coherent in both approaches, demonstrate that houses located in proximity to the new tram network register a price increase of 200-300 euros per square meter, the 7-10 per cent of the total value. The study also confirms the presence of public benefits related to the facility in terms of accidents reduction and improved air quality.