Construction Of Power Plants Research Articles

GIS based spatial decision-making approach for solar energy site selection, Ardabil, Iran

Fossil fuel emissions have caused immense harm to the environment, making renewable energy sources like solar power essential. However, finding the optimal location for a solar power plant requires multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA) due to various factors influencing the selection process. This study used the AHP method to weigh criteria such as GHI, Temperature, Elevation, Slope, Land cover, Distance from city, and Distance from road. The layers created from satellite imagery were combined using algebraic sums to produce a final map with 9 classes The analysis showed that class 9 has the most desirable values for each criterion, indicating the most suitable regions for a solar power plant. The results of the study have identified the southern and some central regions of Ardabil province as being the most suitable location for the construction of a solar power plant. These regions have been found to have favorable values for the criteria studied, indicating a higher potential for solar energy generation. Based on the criteria assigned to class 9, the best lands have been identified, occupying a total area of 3085 hectares. This area represents approximately 0.17% of the total area of Ardabil province. These findings highlight the importance of careful site selection for solar power plants to ensure maximum efficiency and sustainability.

The development of the international nuclear power plant construction market in the context of nuclear power social acceptability research

Aim. To determine the vector of influence of public opinion on the prospects of development of the international market of nuclear power plant (NPP) construction in the conditions of global energy transition and to formulate the most priority directions of communication work in order to increase the Russian export of nuclear power technologies in the markets of developing countries.Objectives. To identify the current trends of social acceptability of nuclear power in the world; to consider a number of tools used to work with public opinion in the field of improving the reputation of nuclear power in countries-importers of nuclear power technologies; to substantiate the importance of communication work in order to increase Russian exports of nuclear power technologies in the markets of developing countries.Methods. Data from various sociological surveys were used to analyze the current state of social acceptability of nuclear power plants. The key methods of this study are comparative method and case study method.Results. The analysis of the international experience of society’s influence on energy policy has shown that it is impossible to implement international projects in the field of NPP construction without public support for the initiative on nuclear power development. The analysis revealed that one of the competitive advantages of ROSATOM in the international NPP construction market is the inclusion of public communication work in the export offer. Based on the analysis of the results of sociological surveys, it was found out that within the framework of communication work with the public in the importer country it is reasonable to emphasize the economic benefits of NPP operation and continuity of its functioning.Conclusions. The article shows the possibilities of increasing the Russian export of nuclear power technologies in the markets of developing countries, due to the global trend to increase the social acceptability of nuclear power and the presence of relevant competitive advantages, including within the framework of the implementation of communication strategy.

GEOSPATIAL ANALYSIS OF THE POTENTIAL OF THE TERRITORIES OF UKRAINE FOR THE LOCATION OF SOLAR POWER PLANTS BASED ON SATELLITE DATA

Climate change necessitates the relevance of renewable energy utilization worldwide. The Green Deal defines the energy development policy in Europe until 2030. This challenge holds particular significance for Ukraine in the context of post-war energy infrastructure recovery. Therefore, an important issue is the analysis of the suitability of Ukrainian territories for the installation of large-scale solar power plants (solar farms) and the optimization of their placement. This research aims to determine the suitability of Ukrainian territories for solar power plant placement using satellite data on climate and terrain characteristics. Among the factors determining the suitability of the territory for solar farms, the greatest impact lies in climatic indicators, including data on the total global horizontal solar irradiation (GHI), accumulated temperature above 25 °C at a height of 2 meters, average annual wind speed, and map of accumulated annual precipitation from the ERA5-Land dataset. In this study, terrain maps containing information on elevations, slopes, and terrain shading from the Shuttle Radar Topography Mission (SRTM) project were also used to determine the suitability of the territories. The suitability of the territories is determined through geospatial analysis using weighted sums. Based on the research results, a suitability map was constructed, depicting the distribution of zones with different suitability coefficients (ranging from 0 to 1). It was found that a significant portion of Ukraine’s territory is favorable for the placement of solar power plants. Over 48 % of the country has moderate suitability values (0.3…0.4). The obtained suitability map was used to analyze the optimal placement of already constructed major solar power plants in Ukraine. Data from Wikimapia was utilized to determine the locations of these energy facilities. Overall, all the analyzed large-scale solar power plants in Ukraine were situated in optimal territories. The research also revealed that certain regions, such as Odesa, Poltava, Kharkiv, Zaporizhzhia, Dnipro, Donetsk, and Luhansk, have good suitability values (0.3…0.4) but are not fully utilized. These areas have significant potential for the future construction of powerful and productive solar power plants

Life cycle CO2 emission assessment of an organic Rankine cycle based geothermal power plant

Abstract Geothermal resources are well-recognized as a clean and low-carbon emission energy resource for power generation and heat supply. However, CO2 emissions occur during the construction, operation, and decommission stages of geothermal power plants. In this work, the life cycle CO2 emission characteristics of a geothermal power plant based on the organic Rankine cycle are systematically evaluated. The effect of the organic working medium and the recuperative cycle on CO2 emissions of the whole system are analyzed. Sensitivity analysis is conducted by varying the parameters of output power and the sources of the substituted electricity. Results reveal that a considerable amount of CO2 would be released due to the construction of geothermal wells and plants; however, the production of electricity could offset a much larger amount of CO2 emission. The net CO2 emission of the considered geothermal system during its lifespan reaches approximately −300 thousand tCO2e. In addition, the total amount of CO2 emission reduction relies heavily on the output power and the substituted electricity sources.

Omsk Hydroelectric Power Plant Project in Economic History of Region in 1930s—1980s.

The article is dedicated to the unrealized project of the Omsk Hydroelectric Power Station, developed in the 1930s, then postponed and subsequently reintroduced for discussion in the 1980s. The sources used for this research include materials from the Historical Archive of the Omsk Region and the Russian State Archive of Economy. Both domestic and foreign historiography on the economic development of Western Siberia do not mention this project, hence this article aims to fill this historiographical gap. It is demonstrated that the project was considered by regional authorities solely as an agricultural facility, which would have allowed for the use of the reservoir for irrigation in the southern districts of the region and improvement of navigational conditions around the city of Omsk. Emphasis is placed on the fact that its implementation could have boosted the industrial development of the Omsk Region. The abandonment of the project in the 1930s largely determined the subsequent development of the region, particularly from an ecological perspective. To meet the energy needs of the city and the region, construction of thermal power plants began, fueled by Ekibastuz coal, which contains a large amount of ash. This, in turn, led to serious air pollution in the Omsk region, which continues to persist to this day.

Урановые проекты в странах Центральной Азии: перспективы и сложности реализации

The article analyzes the issues of possible construction of nuclear power plants, to which the political elite of most Central Asian countries has recently shown deep interest. The worsening problem of power shortages in the region necessitates the search for alternative power-generating capacities. Emphasis is placed on the ura-nium potential of Central Asian countries, which allows them not only to use it as a resource for the creation of new energy facilities based on new technologies, but also turns these countries into an object of global geopo-litical competition. In the future, the interest of Central Asian countries in the implementation of uranium pro-jects will only increase due to socio-economic factors, such as the need to ensure energy security as a strategic basis for sustainable economic development and meeting the needs of the population in electricity. It is con-cluded that both internal (environmental threats, political instability) and external (geopolitical rivalry) factors will slow down the implementation of uranium projects.

Feasibility Study of Establishing a PV Power Plant to Generate Electricity in Saudi Arabia from Technical, Geographical, and Economical Viewpoints

PV power plants have been built the world over, and successfully proven as one of the important substitutes of alternative energy. Nowadays, there has been some series of movements in Saudi Arabia to find out solutions. This research aims to study the feasibility of design and construction of solar power plant using photovoltaic cells in Saudi Arabia from the geographic, economic and technical perspective.

A multivariable model for identification of preferred location of wind plants

Unique features of renewable energies such as wind energy has caused increasing demands for such resources. In order to use wind energy as a natural resource, environmental circumstances and geographical location related to wind intensity must be considered. Different factors may affect on the selection of a suitable location for wind plants. These factors must be considered concurrently for optimum location identification of wind plants. This article presents an integrated approach for location of wind plants by Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA). Furthermore, an integrated DEA approach incorporating the most relevant parameters of wind plants is introduced.The prescribed approach is tested for twenty five different cities in Iran. This is the first study that considers an integrated DEA approach for geographical location optimization of wind plants. Implementation of the proposed approach would enable the energy policy makers to select the best possible location for construction of a wind power plant with lowest possible costs.

The Economic and Social Dimension of Energy Transformation in the Face of the Energy Crisis: The Case of Poland

Energy transformation in Poland, including the need to accelerate the shift away from hard coal and lignite in the power system, has been taking place in the face of the energy crisis. Ambitious climate and economic goals force the development of renewable energy sources, but they require legislative changes for the benefit of socially vulnerable consumers. This is important from the point of view of counteracting energy poverty. Energy transformation is not only a change in the fuel used, but most of all, the path and basis of low-carbon development that changes many socio-economic systems. The aim of this study is to link the development and environmental challenges in the studied subject matter with social challenges. The analyses show that it is necessary to strengthen the use of local energy potential and resources, and to activate local communities. The construction of nuclear power plants is also crucial. The results of the presented theoretical and empirical studies can be the basis for a revision of the energy policy in Poland in the area of the social dimension of the energy sector.

The Legality of Rooftop Solar Power Generators Utilization to Fulfill Energy Need

This legal writing examines the utilization of new and renewable energy as an environmentally friendly approach to electricity consumption. New and renewable energy (EBT) encompasses various primary sources such as solar (PLTS), geothermal (PLTP), water (PLTA), wind (PLTB), etc. To meet the high demand for electricity, harnessing energy from sunlight is explored as an alternative power generator. Utilizing buildings’ roofs for solar cell installation is a common practice. However, challenges arise including the initially high investment for purchasing solar cell components, batteries for energy storage, inverters, and installation costs. Despite these challenges, the monthly operational costs are minimal. The government, through Regulation of the Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources of the Republic of Indonesia Number 26 of 2021 concerning rooftop solar power systems, supports the legal framework of this which is linked to the electricity grid held by the license holders for electricity supply for public purposes. Furthermore, rooftop solar power systems can be on-grid with the national electricity network (jaringan PLN) to meet energy needs when the installed capacity is below the electricity demand of the consumers. This writing employs a research method with a normative juridical approach by examining literature through a doctrinal perspective. The research results focus on the legality, requirements, and processes involved in the construction of rooftop solar power plants, detailing considerations across various factors before deciding to establish them, including the procedures, regulations, and agreements when integrating rooftop solar power systems into the national electricity network managed by the state electricity company.
 Highlights:
 
 
 High Initial Investment: Discusses the challenges related to the upfront costs of purchasing solar components, batteries, inverters, and installation despite minimal operational costs.
 
 
 Government Support: Emphasizes the role of government regulations, such as Regulation Number 26 of 2021, in supporting and providing a legal framework for rooftop solar power systems connected to the national electricity grid.
 
 
 Integration with National Grid: Highlights the on-grid capability of rooftop solar power systems, enabling them to supplement energy needs and aligning with the capacity of the national electricity network managed by the state electricity company (PLN).
 
 
 Keywords: Legality, Solar Cell, New and Renewable Energy (EBT), On-Grid.

Assessment of the Hydroenergy Potential of the Gueeni Village Waterfall on the Kokoulo River in Pita, Guinea

Background and Aim : In Guinea, the supply of electrical energy still remains a major challenge, especially in rural areas. However, Guinea's hydroelectric energy potential is enormous, more than 6000 MW, with a very dense hydrographic network of 1165 rivers, which finds its origin mainly in the Fouta-Djallon. To date, only 5% of this potential has been developed and only benefits nearly 10% of the Guinean population. This study is part of this aspect, for the improvement of electricity supply in isolated areas of the country. Its objective is to evaluate the hydroenergetic potential of the waterfall in the Gueeni village on the Kokoulo river in Pita. Method : This study is based on field measurements, the use of physical formulas and sizing software to determine the energy characteristics of the site. Results: The main results obtained are: equipment flow (9.781m3/s), gross head (31 m), net head (28.264 mm), hydraulic power (3000 kW) and power net of falling water (2700 kW). Conclusion: The results obtained represent important basic data for the construction of the small power plant on the Gueeni site. Keywords: Hydroenergy potential, waterfall, Gueeni village, Electric power

Characterizing 226Ra and its daughters in coastal zone groundwater of a typical human-activity affected bay: occurrence, safety, and source evaluation.

Due to their extremely toxic properties, 226Ra and it daughters (222Rn, 210Pb, and 210Po) in drinking groundwater require monitoring. Recent studies have reported exceptionally high levels of natural 210Po (up to 10,000Bq/m3), 226Ra, and 222Rn isotopes in groundwater. This study aims to provide background data on 226Ra and its daughter radionuclides in the typical agricultural-industrial Dongshan Bay (DSB) before the construction of Zhangzhou Nuclear Power Plant (Zhangzhou NPP). The measurement results indicate that no abnormally high activities of 210Po and 210Pb were detected in the investigated wells. Strong positive correlations between 210Pb and 210Po, as well as between 222Rn and 210Pb activities, suggest that the origins of 210Pb and 210Po in groundwater are strongly influenced by the decay of the parent radionuclides 222Rn and 210Pb, respectively. In the DSB coastal zone groundwater, significant deficiencies of 210Po relative to 210Pb and 210Pb relative to 222Rn were observed, providing further evidence that 210Po and 210Pb are also effectively scavenged due to their geochemical properties (specifically particle affinity) within the groundwater-aquifer system. A systematic comparison among all relevant water bodies in the DSB revealed that the activity concentrations of 210Pb and 210Po in groundwater were the highest, except for rainwater. Based on the evaluation of 210Pb sources, the results imply that submarine groundwater discharge (SGD) is an important pathway for transferring radionuclides (such as 210Pb) from land to the nearshore marine environment, even though the study area has a lower 210Pb background groundwater. By considering all the 210Pb's sources in the DSB, we found low 210Pb background groundwater discharge still needs to be taken into account for small-scale bays. This is because SGD was calculated to be one of the most important 210Pb sources in the bay during observation season. Regardless of whether the system is in a normal state or a nuclear accident emergency state, greater attention should be paid to the groundwater discharge of radionuclides into the ocean.

Russia's interaction with the countries of the Global South

The change in the geopolitical landscape, which occurred under the influence of the COVID19 pandemic and the beginning of a special military operation, served to change the foreign policy course of the Russian Federation. The pandemic has significantly reduced the population and had a devastating impact on the economies of almost all countries of the world. The special military operation announced by the President of the Russian Federation in February 2022 had an impact on all EU countries and the United States, which sided with Ukraine. Supplies of ammunition, weapons, military equipment, as well as large financial resources were aimed at weakening Russia's military potential. Under these conditions, Russia has put forward the thesis that a unipolar world can no longer exist, and in the new geopolitical conditions, we should talk about multipolarity. The introduction of anti–Russian sanctions has determined another vector of development of Russia's economy and politics - the Global South. The countries of the African continent and the Middle East, adopting Russia's policy of non-interference in the affairs of other countries, although rather cautiously, are developing cooperation with the Russian Federation. Russia is choosing a new vector of cooperation in the context of building a multipolar world, which should be built on the basis of the laws of mutual respect, mutually beneficial cooperation and international law. Russia's return to the Middle East and African countries has serious grounds, as it is based on the experience of the USSR in building enterprises, infrastructure facilities, creating jobs and training personnel. At the same time, time dictates new areas of cooperation, among which the most relevant are: the fight against international terrorism, the suppression of drug trafficking, the prevention of illegal arms trade, issues of peaceful settlement and information security on the territory of the African continent and the Middle East. Russia stands for expanding its presence in the regional markets of weapons, nuclear fuel, oil and gas. Much attention in matters of cooperation between Russia and the countries of the Global South is paid to building a strategic partnership in the field of agriculture, which would help prevent a food crisis in individual countries and increase their own agricultural production. Russia is ready to act as the main supplier of mineral fertilizers and agricultural products. The most urgent problems to be solved in the region are still the construction of nuclear power plants, the development of oil and gas fields, and the production of petrochemical products. In these matters, the Russian Federation is ready to act as a partner providing its specialists and technologies. The leaders of the countries of the Great South are showing great interest in the development of digital technologies and banking. Special attention is paid to participation in space exploration. The Russian Federation is making efforts to expand its diplomatic presence and establish a political dialogue with the countries of the Global South, as a result of attracting them to participate in long–term alliances.

MODELI PREVENCIJE KRIMINALA U PROJEKTIMA OBNOVLJIVIH IZVORA ENERGIJE

The aim of this paper is to identify models for preventive risk recognition as tool for crine prevention in the renewable energy sector through a systematic review of the available literature. These models should represent a formalized set of steps or protocols that can be used at any stage of renewable energy projects, particularly in the construction of renewable energy power plants, to mitigate and minimize the risk of criminal offenses. Models of preventive risk recognition ensure that the power plant construction project progresses smoothly from start to finish without unnecessary financial losses due to their ability to identify all weak points in the entire process. With the help of the models described in this paper, the transition to green energy is accelerated and sustainable development is fully supported,

Conventional and renewable energy sources and the carbon footprint

It is accepted that energy is among the main, if not the most important, anthropogenic source of carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions. It is for this reason that many efforts are aimed at finding alternative, non-CO2-emitting energy sources. For several decades, large-scale projects have been invested in the construction of solar and wind power plants, which are claimed to be the most environmentally friendly way to obtain energy. Today, the European Green Deal and international climate policy are currently among most actual topical political and economic topics. How true is this and is this energy capable of solving the “greenhouse effect” problem? Is it capable of meeting our needs for reliable, consistent and cheap energy? Is the “greenhouse effect” caused by human activity at all? These are questions that this article seeks to answer. I am well aware that I am going to violate the purportedly consensual, common understanding of these matters I am also aware of the existence of certain, albeit unwritten, limitations in expressing opinions on these issues. But I am convinced that science is a sequence of stated hypotheses, their denial, challenge, improvement, modification and so on. That is, science is not a place for searching for consensus, but for a productive dispute leading to the correct conclusions.

ЭЛЕКТРОСНАБЖЕНИЕ РЕСПУБЛИКИ ДАГЕСТАН: ОТ КОЛЛАПСА К БЕЗАВАРИЙНОСТИ И НАДЕЖНОСТИ

The article examines the regional problems of electricity supply. The role of the electric power industry in the socio-economic development of the country is noted. Global trends in the production and consumption of electric power are highlighted. Dagestan, before market transformations, fully provided itself with the energy produced in the republic, and over the past twenty years, electricity consumption has doubled, but its production has not increased, and moreover, in some years there has even been a decrease. The reasons for the sharp increase in electricity consumption by the population of the republic are the increase in living standards, housing construction in cities and the development of the shadow economy, especially mining activities. But the main problem in the article is not so much the shortage of energy itself, as the wear and tear of the grid complex. The wear rate of the networks is more than 20%. The loss of electricity in the networks exceeds 75% of the power consumption. The article emphasizes that without attracting large investments from the federal center, the reconstruction of the energy grid system is impossible. In parallel, the directions of development of distributed energy are highlighted: the construction of small hydroelectric power plants on mountain rivers, geothermal, solar and wind power plants. All this is aimed at ensuring trouble-free reliable electricity supply to the population.

Assessing the potential tsunami source of the Manila trench at the Bengkayang nuclear power plant site in Kalimantan using topographical details

Tsunamis pose a significant threat to the construction of Nuclear Power Plants. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out a comprehensive study regarding the potential threat of tsunamis and mitigation measures using detailed data at prospective locations. This assessment is a prerequisite for effective environmental impact planning and analysis. To determine the suitability of a prospective location, careful consideration of natural factors, including earthquakes as triggers for tsunamis, is essential. The main objective of this tsunami research is to assess the level of safety of potential locations against tsunami hazards and develop appropriate mitigation strategies. This research uses the Cornell Multigrid Coupled Tsunami (COMCOT) tsunami modeling technique. This modeling approach utilizes topographic and bathymetric data obtained through extensive field surveys. In addition, this research aims to determine the maximum tsunami height in the inundation area and identify potential tsunami hazards arising from various scenarios related to the active tectonic potential of the Philippine Manila Trench. The Bengkayang Gosong Beach area and West Kalimantan are among the candidate locations that may be affected with the estimated tsunami height being between 0.48 meters and 0.62 meters. The tsunami arrival time was between 9 hours 10 minutes to 9 hours 24 minutes. These findings play an important role in conducting comprehensive risk assessments for nuclear power plant development, ensuring that necessary steps are taken to reduce potential hazards associated with tsunamis.

Quality inspection personnel training and team construction research of power plant installation and construction units

Quality inspection personnel training and team construction research of power plant installation and construction units

Experimental Study on the Partial Replacement of Fine Aggregates with Copper Slag and Spent Fire Bricks with Addition of Coconut Fiber

Abstract: Nowadays, there's associate increasing curiosity within the development of eco-friendly materials. There are number of new by products and waste materials are generated by various industries on a large scale. Concrete prepared with such recycled materials showed enhancement in workability and durability compared to normal concrete and used in the construction of power plants, chemical plants and under-water structures. CS is manufacturing by-product substance formed from the process of manufacturing copper. Bricks come in a variety of varieties because they are a widely used material. Brick aggregate levels are relatively low, and concrete produces excellent results. So it will be better option to use it as substitute or as a recycled material to prevent environment and land degradation, overcoming problem is indeed a need of present time and future also. The extant of destruction can be reduced if sustainability criteria would be considered. The objective of the investigation is to study mechanical properties of concrete, using copper slag, spent fire bricks with addition of coconut fiber percentages compared with the conventional concrete, hence determined the compressive strength, spilt tensile strength and Flexural strength of concrete. All Destructive tests are performed on concrete to check the strength and durability of this concrete at respective as per specified IS Codes. The result shows that concrete workability is fine and within limits after replacing fine aggregates with copper slag, spent fire bricks with addition of coconut fiber. However, workability gets reduced at higher replacement of materials. The strength parameters such as compressive strength, flexural strength, and split tensile strength also increase and show an optimum value at 21&21% fine aggregates replacement and 1.5% Addition of coconut fibers respectively. Test results are satisfactory up to 21&21% and 1.5% replacement. After this, there is a decrease in the strength of concrete.

Raziskava podzemne biodiverzitete zgornjega porečja reke Neretve v Bosni in Hercegovini

The Dinarides in the Western Balkans host a globally exceptional subterranean biodiversity, but still areas remain with little or no data on subterranean species. In this work, we present the study of subterranean fauna in the upper Neretva River catchment (Eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina), which included the first systematic exploration of the interstitial habitats in the country. During the five-day »Neretva Science Week« in the summer of 2022, we sampled six gravel bars, six springs and one cave. We gathered 268 records (taxon-locality-date) of 116 taxa, with 35 records referring to 27 terrestrial taxa. Nine terrestrial taxa were sampled in a cave, while 19 were found in aquatic samples, mostly from springs. 27 taxa were identified as obligate subterranean (troglobiotic) species, one terrestrial beetle from the cave, and 26 aquatic species, belonging to water mites, snails, and crustaceans. Eight of the aquatic troglobionts present the potential for new species to science. Of the latter, four species were distinguished based on morphology: two species of snails from the families Hydrobiidae and Moitessieriidae, one representative of Ostracoda and one Copepoda. Individuals of the aquatic troglobiotic isopods and amphipods were analysed molecularly, and based on molecular differences, two new species within the genus Proasellus and two within the genus Niphargus were proposed. Further work on all these taxa is needed for the formal descriptions of the new species to science. Despite the short study period, we have shown that the area is rich in endemic groundwater fauna. The hydroelectric power plant constructions planned in the region threaten groundwater communities by altering subterranean habitats and their connectivity. Further studies are needed to properly highlight the great diversity of the subterranean habitats of the Neretva River catchment and its wider region, and to include this knowledge in conservation strategies.