Construction Of Large Telescopes Research Articles

A Lightweight Deep Learning Framework for Galaxy Morphology Classification

With the construction of large telescopes and the explosive growth of observed galaxy data, we are facing the problem to improve the data processing efficiency while ensuring the accuracy of galaxy morphology classification. Therefore, this work designed a lightweight deep learning framework, EfficientNet-G3, for galaxy morphology classification. The proposed framework is based on EfficientNet which integrates the Efficient Neural Architecture Search algorithm. Its performance is assessed with the data set from the Galaxy Zoo Challenge Project on Kaggle. Compared with several typical neural networks and deep learning frameworks in galaxy morphology classification, the proposed EfficientNet-G3 model improved the classification accuracy from 95.8% to 96.63% with F1-Score values of 97.1%. Typically, this model uses the least number of parameters, which is about one tenth that of DenseNet161 and one fifth that of ResNet-26, but its accuracy is about one percent higher than them. The proposed EfficientNet-G3 can act as an important reference for fast morphological classification for massive galaxy data in terms of efficiency and accuracy.

A Study on Generic Models of Control Systems of Large Astronomical Telescopes

The control system is an essential and important part of an astronomical telescope. For large telescopes, an efficient control system is vital for successful observations. In this paper, an exhaustive study of generic models of control systems for large telescopes and a wide range of their common requirements are presented. This paper also discusses a basic hierarchical structure, workflow model, and telescope control model based on object-oriented analysis, as well as the main data flow model of a general purpose telescope. After analysis of these models, a layered and orthogonal architecture, which has a wide range of adaptability, is proposed. The design of a concrete architecture based on the message bus, which is used in the LAMOST (Large Sky Area Multi-Object Fiber Spectroscopy Telescope) project and FAST (The Five-Hundred-Meter Aperture Spherical Radio Telescope) project, is discussed. The design of the control systems proposed in this paper can serve as a useful reference in the construction of large telescopes.

Bringing the Universe into the Laboratory-Project CLEA: Contemporary Laboratory Exercises in Astronomy

Were we meeting a century ago to discuss the state of astronomy education, we might have noted that remarkable changes were taking place in our field. The discipline, then regarded as a branch of geometry or mechanics, concerned itself primarily with the determination of positions in the heavens and the mapping of places on the earth. But with the advent of spectroscopy and the construction of large telescopes, astronomy was beginning to probe the how and the why of the heavens as well as the where and when. It was, in short, transforming itself into astrophysics, the study of the physical nature of the universe.

Consideration for the Design of the Driving and Bearing System for Large Telescopes

The Astronomers target for the present and the next decade is the construction of large telescopes 3,5 - 4 m. primary mirror diameter and very large telescopes 8 - 9 m. primary mirror diameter, in the array or multi-mirror design, improving at the same time the performance of the instruments compared to the efficiency and precision of the same.

Optical Systems

FEHRENBACH : It's a great honour for me to be the chairman of the first session of the IAU's 27th Symposium, on The Construction of Large Telescopes. In such high circles of astronomical research here in the western states, we, as Europeans, are extremely satisfied to have the opportunity to compare our methods with yours. Personally, this is the third time I have visited Tucson and the Kitt Peak National Observatory, and I am still impressed by the important means the American people have at their disposal. In Europe, unfortunately, we do not yet have such material facilities, and this is why we are particularly happy to be here; we feel that the mutual exchange of views and information between the representatives of the different groups all over the world will be highly beneficial, especially for us who are presently involved in the construction of large telescopes.

Glass for Optical Purposes

THE importance of an adequate supply of optical glass of all the principal types cannot be overestimated. The improvement of the microscope has been and is still retarded for the want of suitable glasses, the construction of large telescopes is limited by the capacity of the glassmaker to supply suitable discs of glass, and the improvements made in the design of small telescopes cannot be extended to larger sizes for the want of suitable glass.