Construction Of Femininity Research Articles

Принципы конструирования фемининности в повести О.П. Руновой «Лунный свет»

The article examines the work of the Russian writer Olga Pavlovna Runova (nee Meshcherskaya) (1864–1952) in the context of literary and gender discourse that developed in the modernist period. One of the most striking, accentuated feminine works of Runova is the epistolary story Moonlight, published in 1913 in the leading literary and political publication “Russian Thought.” Later, the story was included in another collection of Runova’s gender-specific prose, published in Petrograd in 1916 with the same title. In Moonlight the writer uses diary genre of unsent letter with first-person narration, trying to penetrate deeper into the inner world of a woman, to demonstrate her vulnerability to the patriarchal environment and to show possible options for overcoming a spiritual split. The story combines various artistic tactics of Runova in the construction of femininity, which were reflected in the prose of the writer of the 1900–1910s (psychosis, conformism, escapism). The character of story goes through all the stages of feminine self-determination: from internal discontent through rebellion/rejection to a compromise acceptance of dictated conditions. Runova sees the main way out for a woman in inner escapism, which gives an imaginary respite from the oppressive reality, the prevailing patriarchy, but not solving the problem of women’s self-determination outside the patriarchal world.

Feminist Perspective on Patriarchy: Its Impact on the Construction of Femininity and Masculinity

The concept of patriarchy has traditionally been used to analyze women's oppression, subordination, and subjection in a social order where men are perceived as superior to women. Gender inequality has been the chief area of feminist concern and protest since the first movement of feminism. Subsequently, feminists demanded gender parity and resisted discrimination based on sex, class, caste, race, and sexual orientation. It surfaced that roles ascribed to men and women were an outcome of socialization that had been deeply internalized leading to socially accepted notions of femininity and masculinity. I will explore the concept of patriarchy and discuss how such a social template for men and women becomes an oppressive injunction, that is subscribed to for seeking acceptability and validation. Perspectives of sociologists, such as Max Weber, Sylvia Walby, Alan Johnson, and Anthony Giddens, will be incorporated to explain the concept of Patriarchy, along with the writings of feminists such as Simone De Beauvoir and Judith Butler.

Типология женских образов в драматургии Д.С. Мережковского и З.Н. Гиппиус

The article reveals patterns in the construction of female characters in the entire corpus of D.S. Merezhkovsky’s and Z.N. Gippius’ dramas. Although their plays are connected by a number of common motifs, themes and images, the construction of femininity by the husband-and-wife authors differs in many ways. Merezhkovsky is more traditional than Gippius: in his plays, female figures, as a rule, turn out to be only a background for a male character who suffers between “two loves,” anticipating, but not being able to accept the truth of the Third Testament. Therefore, the female characters either embody two faces of Eros, or simply represent variations of female types constant for literature and culture, such as the “Amazon,” “comforter,” “strong woman,” etc. In Gippius, female figures are brought to the fore, it is they who solve existential issues. Their main characteristic is the desire for “that which is not of this world.” The male characters of Merezhkovsky are mainly occupied by their love for two different women, while the female characters of Gippius are occupied by their attempts to find some “meaning,” to transform life, Russia and themselves.

EDUCAÇÃO FÍSICA, FEMINILIDADES E UNIFORMES. O CASO DO DEPARTAMENTO DE CULTURA FÍSICA (1929-1946) DA UNIVERSIDAD NACIONAL DE LA PLATA (ARGENTINA)

ABSTRACT: We investigate the construction of femininities from the use of uniforms for Physical Education classes. For this, we base ourselves on the case of the Department of Physical Culture, an institution that existed between 1929 and 1946, of the National University of La Plata (Buenos Aires, Argentina). We wonder about how and why the Physical Education uniforms contributed to gendering and sexualizing the bodies of female students. We build three periods from the mandatory establishment of female uniforms for Gymnastics classes: 1929-1934, 1935-1939, and 1940-1946. This use was due to the decisions made by the authorities of the Colegio Secundario de Señoritas, which also implied different ways of understanding and teaching the subject. From a qualitative methodological strategy, we propose the interpretation of a case, approaching it from the tools coming from the critical perspective of gender and visual history. We use written and visual sources, as well as semi-structured interviews with former students. We consider that the obligatory nature of uniforms, in relation to the construction of femininities, involves moral, aesthetic, sexual, material, erotic, and kinetic dimensions. In this sense, we conclude that what happened with the teaching of Physical Education in the Colegio Secundario de Señoritas, in terms of the transmission of femininities, accounts for a permanent tension in society between equality and inequality between women and men, without not be a linear path at all from inequality to equality or less inequality.

L.M. Montgomery and Gender ed. by E. Holly Pike and Laura M. Robinson (review)

Reviewed by: L.M. Montgomery and Gender ed. by E. Holly Pike and Laura M. Robinson Ann F. Howey (bio) L.M. Montgomery and Gender, edited by E. Holly Pike and Laura M. Robinson. McGill-Queen's UP, 2021. Since 1994, when biennial conferences sponsored by the L.M. Montgomery Institute began, numerous edited collections have appeared that have developed out of and expanded on conference themes. Such collections include L.M. Montgomery and Canadian Culture (after the 1996 conference; edited by Irene Gammel and Elizabeth R. Epperley, U of Toronto P, 1999), L.M. Montgomery and Popular Culture (after the 2000 conference; edited by Gammel, U of Toronto P, 2002), The Intimate Life of L.M. Montgomery (after the 2004 conference; edited by Gammel, U of Toronto P, 2005), Storm and Dissonance (after the 2006 conference; edited by Jean Mitchell, Cambridge Scholars Publishing, 2008), and Anne Around the World (after the 2008 conference; edited by Jane Ledwell and Mitchell, McGill-Queen's U P, 2013). L.M. Montgomery and Gender, with its genesis in the 2016 conference, is thus the latest in a distinguished line of edited collections that build on conference [End Page 214] discussions to disseminate scholarship on various aspects of Montgomery's works and life. As the introduction by the editors E. Holly Pike and Laura M. Robinson makes clear, Montgomery's writing invites consideration of gender representation, in part because her most famous novel's protagonist, Anne, is initially unwanted at Green Gables because she is not a boy. The timing of this collection of essays investigating Montgomery and gender—it appears just after a century of women's suffrage in Canada—speaks to ongoing concerns over women's rights and roles, and as many of its articles suggest, Montgomery's own views of such rights and roles were neither static nor simple. The goal of the collection is thus to provide "an exploration of the variety of gender analyses possible in the early twenty-first century" in order to extend the feminist and genderstudies perspectives that have informed much Montgomery scholarship in the past and "to examine how Montgomery's constructions of gender reflect her own historical moment, shape later understandings of gender, and potentially transmogrify when examined through new perspectives" (2). The collection seeks to fulfil its goal through articles that examine constructions of femininity and masculinity, not only in Montgomery's novels, but also in her short fiction and journals. The introduction, "'You Don't Want Me Because I'm Not a Boy': L.M. Montgomery and Gender," establishes context for the articles that follow. Striking about this context is the way it invites consideration of the myriad ways in which the terms "Montgomery" and "gender" intersect. Pike and Robinson provide evidence of Montgomery's attitudes to suffrage and gendered responses to her work (3), such as the recurrent use of "charming" in reviews (4); they also survey the male modernist Canadian literary scene and its response to—and, one might say, its deliberate exclusion of—Montgomery (4–5). In addition to this attention to the way gender informed the context within which Montgomery wrote and within which her writings were received, Pike and Robinson trace the importance of feminist scholarship in the reevaluation of Montgomery and the obstacles faced by early Montgomery scholars, many of them women working within a patriarchal academic establishment in the late 1970s to early 1990s. The introduction then situates the collection within a theoretical context by reviewing Judith Butler's theory of gender performativity and Karen Barad's theory of "the materiality of identity" (10), which productively suggests "the agency of all actors," whether author, reader, or critic (11). Such agency may conflict, however; Pike and Robinson importantly recognize the [End Page 215] resistance that critical readings of Montgomery can face, if such readings counter the desire of fans (and governments and tourism industries) to maintain Anne of Green Gables, in particular, as "the perfect Canadian female archetype" (8). The introduction thus articulates the collection's concern with the ways social constructions of gender affected Montgomery and continue to affect the reception of and the scholarly conversation about her work, as well as investigating representations of...

Laboring Femininities: Skill, Body, and Class-making Among Beauty Workers in India

AbstractTea plantation workers in India have historically been a part of the feminized workforce, constituting somewhat exceptionally formal labor in a country with high informalization of women's employment. In the past decade, however, a combined fallout of neo-liberalization and globalization contextualized within the local history of varying phases of incorporation, accumulation/dispossession and shifting relations of production brought about a crisis in the tea plantations leading to closures, retrenchment, and casualization. The women workers from tea plantations joined the burgeoning casualized urban labor force. Through ethnography and interviews I traced women workers from tea plantations in West Bengal, India, who migrated to the beauty industry in Hyderabad and Delhi-NCR. The paper focuses on the construction of women's labor in the beauty industry with continuities and contrasts from the tea plantations to understand the makings of gendered labor and skill. The women's frequent invocation of femininity as skill foregrounds the woman's body as central to woman's labor and the workplace but also provides a scope to unsettle understanding of femininity as a specific and naturalized concept. Using the lens of migration from one sector of feminized labor to another, this paper interrogates the production of the feminine worker and the workplace in different but related contexts. Their reflections on their work, skill, and workplace allows us an insight into the ways in which the body as the woman and the worker is deployed as skilled/natural and how they themselves co-construct, negotiate, and subvert the construction of femininity and feminine labor in the workplace.

BREAKING DOWN THE CONCEPT OF FEMININE MYSTIQUE IN ESTI KINASIH’S CEWEK!!!

Indonesian literature has various experiences of development based on the dynamics of literary thought in their work. One of the literary works that are currently developing is popular literature. The study of popular literature is an interesting study to do. Research on popular literary works is also rarely done by academics. The novel with the title CEWEK!!!, is one of the popular literary works that the researcher examines using Betty Friedan's mystical feminine theory approach. The study is based on the existence of construction that forces women to fulfill their femininity. Breaking of the mystic feminine construction is studied in more depth descriptively through the text sources contained in the novel. The results of the study show that there is an effort to break the mystical feminine construction that has developed in society through three female figures, Langen, Febi, and Fani. The female characters with their awareness have reconstructed the mystical feminine concept to show that women are also superior in society. Keywords: Popular Literature, mystic feminine, novels

Poetry in Popular Culture: Instagram, Rupi Kaur, Feminism and the Utilitarian Value of Poetry

In order to explain the popularity of Instagram poetry, and of the Instapoet Rupi Kaur in particular, we have positioned it within the contemporary context of the changing poetic field, the context of popular media culture and the consumer society of late neoliberal capitalism. From a complex language construction requiring in its reception an educated reader, poetry has become simple, communicative and accessible to all. At a time when neoliberal capitalism appropriates, absorbs and alters every marginal practice, adjusting it to its needs, poetry has acquired a utilitarian value. The most interesting example of this utilitarian value can be found in the poems of Rupi Kaur, a Canadian poet with a South Asian background. Her poetry functions as self-help literature. Kaur defines herself as a feminist, which we have positioned within the context of neoliberal feminism, which has features in common with postfeminism and celebrity feminism. Postfeminism is a blend of feminist and antifeminist world views, and has contributed to the construction of new femininity. In the contemporary late neoliberal age it acquires a significant form in hyperfemininity as an unquestionable ideal omnipresent in the media, which all women must aspire to in order to be accepted by society. Kaur’s Instapoetry has appropriated feminist (intersectional) ideas for its (neoliberal) objectives. She provides advice on how to overcome painful relationship breakups, violence, racism, misogyny, the patriarchy and classism. This is realized through the use of formulas offered by New Age alternative spirituality. It is this spirituality that has been absorbed by neoliberal capitalism and incorporated into all aspects of services, in order to make the ruthless exploitation of workers in precarious jobs more bearable. Remediation is characteristic of Instapoetry. Poets use old and new media: drawings, handwriting or typewriting, photography, which is mediated by the digital technology of Instagram. In addition, they perform live in front of an audience, and an analysis of Rupi Kaur’s performances clearly shows that these are mass media events; thus Instapoetry can be understood as a specific form of popular media culture intended for a mass audience.

Adolescent boys’ and girls’ perspectives on social norms surrounding child marriage in Nepal

According to recent data, in Nepal, 38.2% of women aged 20–24 years are married by the age of 18. This analysis of CARE’s Tipping Point Initiative seeks to compare Nepali adolescent boys’ and girls’ perceptions of empirical and normative expectations around child, early and forced marriage. A baseline survey of 1,134 adolescent girls and 1,154 adolescent boys provided 11 items for descriptive quantitative analysis. Thirty in-depth interviews and 16 focus groups were conducted with young people aged 12–16 years and analysed using modified Grounded Theory. Themes in the data produced thick descriptions of gender roles/responsibilities, employment, mobility and marriage. Comparisons by gender of normative and empirical expectations, and sanctions on child, early and forced marriage were produced. Gender roles/responsibilities underpin social norms for mobility, marriage and employment, and are connected by subthemes with a focus on responsibility for household chores, interaction between unmarried adolescents, education/financial stability, honour/reputation, and parental decision-makers). Participants agreed on gendered labour, women’s employment, and parents as decision-makers. Areas of disagreement included repercussions for interactions between unmarried adolescents, girls’ mobility, attributes of the ideal woman, and maintaining family honour. Programming recommendations include focusing on the inter-relatedness of boys’ and girls’ wellbeing, communication between girls and parents, and structural support for education Research recommendations include identifying factors underlying sexual harassment and constructs of masculinity and femininity.

The South Slav ‘Golden Age’ and Gender Representation in Music

This paper explores the gender representation of the Kosovo Myth by South Slav composers at the turn of the twentieth century in the context of the creation of Serbian and pan-Yugoslav identities. The Kosovo Myth emerged not long after the Battle of Kosovo in 1389, waged between predominantly Serbian forces and the Ottoman Turkish army. However, the event assumed major significance only in the nineteenth century, during which the medieval period became the ‘Golden Age’ for nationalist aspirations. Held in Serbian collective memory as a fateful defeat that led to the loss of independence, the Battle of Kosovo became the region’s ‘sacred place’. Drawing from the body of epic poetry, referred to as The Kosovo Cycle, late nineteenth-century South Slav composers relied on male heroes as their subjects, as evident in their choral compositions and local Singspiels. This paper explores the shift from old forms and the ‘heroic’ male characters to female figures in the Kosovo Myth, as evident in early twentieth-century music. The fictional characters Kosovka devojka [The Maiden of Kosovo] and Majka Jugovića [The Jugović Mother] represented the highest ideal of family values, affirmative of a patriarchal construction of femininity. While both characters offered the South Slav composers a narrative focused on universal family values rather than individual ethnic histories that could facilitate crossing ethnic boundaries, the Jugović Mother emerged as the region’s universal inspiration; the choice of a maternal figure rather than a young woman confirms the practice of attributing women, traditionally viewed as inferior to men, a positive value through the concept of motherhood. Extending its scope to female characters outside of The Kosovo Cycle, this paper opens a debate on gender representation in music of the South Slav region beyond the national discourse.

Zinā and Gender (In)Equality in Ismāʿīlī Druze Law

Abstract In the 5th/11th century in Cairo, Imam Ḥamza, the founder of the Druze faith, abrogated the entire substantive laws, including the Islamic one. And yet, four centuries later, Druze jurists in the mountainous regions of Syria developed their own legal doctrine. This essay explores the evolution of Druzism from an esoteric doctrine according to the Ismāʿīlī vision to a madhhab (doctrinal school of law) using the prism of gender (in)equality. Through a close reading of the Imam’s epistles in the Ḥikma (i.e., the Druze canon of scripture) and Druze law treatises from the 9th/15th century, I show how premodern Druze jurists were influenced particularly by Shāfiʿī and Mālikī law. Although they remained faithful to the strict gender equality articulated in their sacred book, Druze jurists established a gender hierarchy in marriage and permitted wife beating based on Q 4:34. They however expounded an original doctrine of zinā (adultery): despite their construction of femininity as inferior and irrational, and their assumption of women’s intellectual deficiency, Druze jurists considered nonconsensual marriage as well as nonconsensual sex in marriage to be crimes of zinā. I argue that Druze jurists developed rules that enforced sexual equality but simultaneously conformed to their patriarchal vision of society to maintain the social cohesion of their religious community, clans, and extended families, all of which provided local networks for informal conflict resolution.

“A barbaric, elemental force”: The Liminal Role of the Eastern European Modern Girl in Western Culture

The Modern Girl was a feminine archetype that emerged in the early 1900s, challenging traditional gender roles and redefining racial boundaries. Particularly revealing of these dynamics is the case of the Eastern European Modern Girl, a figure who was characterized by her barbaric, primitive origins and ‘off-White’ racial status. This article seeks to investigate the construction of femininity and Whiteness in the interwar era through a comparative discourse analysis of two quintessential Modern Girls: Hollywood stars Pola Negri and Gilda Gray. It examines the ways in which each starlet’s ethnicity has been used to situate her as an exotic, racial Other. However, while Eastern European women were often exoticized and Othered, they could also be ideologically ‘Whitened’ through juxtaposition with members of more visibly racialized groups. This paper examines the ways in which Eastern European Modern Girls negotiated this unique position within the boundaries of femininity and, in doing so, argues that the social construction of Whiteness is fundamentally a relational process.

Doing gender, doing alcohol: The paradox of gendered drinking practices among young Nigerians

Previous research on alcohol and gender identity constructions has primarily focused on Western countries. Studies from non-Western contexts can make crucial contributions to understandings of the impact of social constructions of masculinities and femininities on drinking behaviours and health. In traditional Nigeria, consumption norms prohibited women's and young people's alcohol use. Nowadays, young men and women use alcohol, and many enact identities with heavy drinking. This study uses gender performance theory and interviews/focus group data from 72 young Nigerian men and women to explore their masculinity performance and resistance to traditional femininity codes through drinking practices. Profiling women as vulnerable agents and the only gender that provides care and affective labour, most men reinscribed the consumption norms proscribing women's drinking while some recommended sweetened or flavour brands for women. Citing gender equality and criticizing/resisting local norms, the women argued that alcohol consumption should not be the prerogative of men. The men used competitive heavy drinking rituals and drunkenness to enact masculinity. Most of the women constructed counter-traditional/normative femininity with heavy drinking bouts, while others, who maintained the traditional femininity to avoid stigmatization, enacted secret, or solitary drinking with potential health impacts. The findings demonstrate how distinct social norms promote socio-structural constraints and power relations that suppress women's agency and encourage gender inequality with potential health impacts.

#mothersday: Constructions of motherhood and femininity in social media posts

Images and representations of parenting, and particularly mothering, have become commonplace on social media platforms over the past decade. These displays, however, take place in the context of popular contemporary discourses around gender and parenting that are in many ways prescriptive. This paper explores the constructions of mothering online through an analysis of posts about mothers on Mother’s Day from 2018 to 2020. Data were collected from Instagram and Twitter using hashtags such as #mothersday, #happymothersday and #motheringsunday. Both content and thematic analyses were conducted. This paper will consider three main themes that were identified in the data: “Beauty & biology”; “Grief & loss” and “Care (& COVID)”, with a focus on constructions of gendered parenting and family through the explicit celebration of the lives and roles of mothers. The findings provide insight into normative constructions of gender and how these are mediated through the affordances of social media platforms in a neoliberal context.

Moving toward Radical Love in Organizing Spaces

Moving toward Radical Love in Organizing Spaces

Early Judaism and Its Modern Interpreters ed. by Matthias Henze and Rodney A. Werline

Reviewed by: Early Judaism and Its Modern Interpretersed. by Matthias Henze and Rodney A. Werline Barbara Schmitz matthias henzeand rodney a. werline(eds.), Early Judaism and Its Modern Interpreters( 2nded.; Atlanta: SBL Press, 2020). Pp. xxiv + 645. $45. It was a milestone in the study of early Judaism when Robert A. Kraft and George W. E. Nickelsburg published Early Judaism and Its Modern Interpreters(Atlanta: Scholars Press) in 1986. It was one of the first projects that brought together the different approaches and perspectives on the Second Temple period and not only offered an overview but established it as an independent field of research. Although published in 1986, the volume summarized research from 1945 until 1980 and drew a picture of early Judaism as a varied, complex, and dynamic period. Since 1980, the study of early Judaism has vastly increased. Texts, manuscripts, inscriptions, and archaeological findings as well as their translations have been made accessible. Furthermore, new methodologies, approaches, and tools have been developed. Therefore, forty years after the first edition, Matthias Henze and Rodney Werline offer a revised second edition that offers an updated version covering the last decades of research on early Judaism. Henze and Werline organized the volume in four parts ("Historical and Social Settings"; "Methods, Manuscripts, and Material"; "Early Jewish Literature"; "The Afterlife of Early Judaism"). In the introduction, the editors outline the conceptual and methodological changes in the last forty years and discuss challenges with terminology and categories such [End Page 523]as "Judaism," "early," "Second Temple period," "Apocrypha," "pseudepigrapha," and so on. The first part, "Historical and Social Settings," includes four chapters. Chris Seeman ("Jewish History from Alexander to Hadrian") presents a historical overview focusing on three main issues: the history of the high priesthood, the question of integration and marginalization in Israel as well as in the diaspora, and the relationship between Rome and Judea. Philip Esler ("The Social World of Early Judaism") delineates the social picture, with its broad social system in Palestine, socioreligious institutions (temple, synagogue, household) and social movements and groups. He discusses the problems related to the question of Jewish/Judean identity. Erich Gruen ("Jews in the Diaspora") gives a learned insight on Jewish life in the different regions of the ancient world, with a hermeneutical shift, asking how comfortable Jews in the diaspora found themselves in the balance between the maintenance of their tradition and the adjustment to societies in which they were a minority culture. A new chapter in the volume is Françoise Mirguet's "Gender in Early Jewish Literature," contextualizing research on gender in early Judaism in the study of ancient Greece and Rome and exploring the role of women, the construction of gender, femininities and masculinities, and gender as a structuring category. The second part, "Methods, Manuscripts, and Material," includes six chapters. The first is also a new chapter, "New Methodologies," by Werline. He presents recent results from different approaches, such as spatial theory, emotions, ritual theory, postcolonial theory, and so on. Alison Schofield ("The Dead Sea Scrolls") gives an update on a field of research that has changed significantly in the most recent decades. Pieter W. van der Horst ("Early Jewish Epigraphy") is a new entry, presenting the rapidly developed specialization of epigraphy as a path to "ordinary Jewish people" in antiquity and their thoughts, hopes, griefs, and joys. His discussion of critical aspects of Jean-Baptiste Frey's Corpus Inscriptionum Judaicarum(Rome: Pontificio Istituto Biblico, 1975) is followed by the presentation of newly published editions, criteria for identifying Jewish inscriptions and questions on geographical and chronological distribution as well as genres and languages. Similar issues are discussed in Robert Kugler's chapter, "Documentary Papyri," which gives an update of Victor Tcherikover and Alexander Fuks's Corpus Papyrorum Iudaicarum(Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1957), covering the new findings in Egypt (e.g., Herakleopolis) and Israel. Eric M. Meyers ("The Archaeology of Early Judaism") gives an insightful overview of archaeology, starting with the Persian period and including the evolution of the Jews in Babylonia. In "Early Judaism and Modern Technology," Todd R. Hanneken describes the dramatic changes that computer-assisted research has brought to the study of early Judaism. Timothy...

“Sure a Strong Devil”: Mabel Frazer, A. B. Wright, and the University of Utah Art Department's 1937 Sexual Misconduct Case

“Sure a Strong Devil”: Mabel Frazer, A. B. Wright, and the University of Utah Art Department's 1937 Sexual Misconduct Case

Construction of Femininity and Consumer Culture in American Women's Magazines: A Qualitative Study about Good Housekeeping

Good housekeeping is one of the mainstream American women's magazines. Targeting primarily the middle-class married women, it gives guidance and suggestions on beautifying appearance, latest fashions,housekeeping, cooking, and child-rearing. Using 24 issues of Good Housekeeping published in 2016-2017, this study explores what kind of femininity is constructed in this magazine. The study uses thematic analysis and interpretive textual analysis as the key methodologies. Furthermore, it explores the overlapping relationships between the magazine, femininity, and consumer culture. The article finds that femininity constructed in those two years of Good Housekeeping tends to be conservative, which is idealized and perfected in the magazine.The magazine has maintained its long-established and conservative style. It is established on a commercialized base and advocates that ideal femininity is to be gained through "purchasing." The conservative femininity constructed by the magazine is under the manipulation of modern patriarchy and consumerism.

This field I call home: black feminist (auto)ethnography in Alexandra Township, South Africa

ABSTRACT This article is based on a study of Pentecostal Charismatic constructions of femininity in Alexandra Township, Johannesburg. I narrate my ‘native’ and (auto)ethnographic standing within the community I study and show how this stance accounts for my ethical considerations and for the building of relationships with my participants. Relying on ‘Blackwomen’ scholarship (Gqola, 2017), this article addresses the gaps and misconceptions in anthropological accounts of Black African Pentecostal women by writing as an embodied voice within the movement, rather than a mere object of research. This article then, heeds to Michel-Rolph Trouillot’s argument for ethnographies ‘that offer new points of reentry by questioning the symbolic world upon which “nativeness” is premised’ and ‘that aim explicitly at the destabilization and eventual destruction of the Savage slot’ (Trouillot, 2003, p. 22). I argue that Black and African feminist autoethnography is a research method that can destruct this Savage slot as it not only questions reductionist representations of what Black African women are. Black African feminist autoethnography also takes seriously the foregrounding and offering of Black women’s voices to transform the anthropological canon so that it reflects the richness and validity of Black feminist thought. In this way, I take a stand for the telling of African stories by African women in a responsibility for engagement and change, and to illuminate the meaning of township women’s everyday experiences as a legitimate source of knowledge.

Neural Networks in the Covid-19 Era

Objective. From the review of the theories of the cycle of violence, gender violence and the social construction of masculine and feminine identities.Methodology. Carried out a non-experimental, exploratory and descriptive study with a nonrandom selection of students a public university with the aim of establishing a balance and a prospective expectation of violence.Results. The results show that of synaptic weights are explained by incoming, and outgoing latent layers on the pre-contemplation of violence, contemplation of aggressive relationships and personal change. Conclusion. Lines alluding to the kind of relationship research, negotiation and consensus decision making to warn couple conflicts.