Construction In Italy Research Articles

Project of a Super Charm-Tau factory at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics in Novosibirsk

A project of a Super Charm-Tau factory is being developed at the Budker Institute of Nuclear Physics (Siberian Branch, Russian Academy of Sciences) in Novosibirsk. The electron-positron collider to be employed will operate at c.m. energies in the range between 2 and 5 GeV at an unprecedentedly high luminosity of 1035 cm−2 s−1 with a longitudinal electron polarization at the beam-interaction point. The main objective of experiments at the Super Charm-Tau factory is to study processes involving the production and properties of charmed quarks and tau leptons. A high luminosity of this setup will make it possible to obtain a statistical data sample that will be three to four orders of magnitude vaster than that from any other experiment performed thus far. Experiments at this setup are assumed to be sensitive to effects of new physics beyond the Standard Model. Investigations to be carried out at the Super-Charm-Tau factory will supplement future experiments at Super-B factories under construction in Italy and in Japan.

Architecture of SPIDER control and data acquisition system

The ITER Heating Neutral Beam injectors will be implemented in three steps: development of the ion source prototype, development of the full injector prototype, and, finally, construction of up to three ITER injectors. The first two steps will be carried out in the ITER neutral beam test facility under construction in Italy. The ion source prototype, referred to as SPIDER, which is currently in the development phase, is a complex experiment involving more than 20 plant units and operating with beam-on pulses lasting up to 1h. As for control and data acquisition it requires fast and slow control (cycle time around 0.1ms and 10ms, respectively), synchronization (10ns resolution), and data acquisition for about 1000 channels (analogue and images) with sampling frequencies up to tens of MS/s, data throughput up to 200MB/s, and data storage volume of up to tens of TB/year. The paper describes the architecture of the SPIDER control and data acquisition system, discussing the SPIDER requirements and the ITER CODAC interfaces and specifications for plant system instrumentation and control.

Stray Current Effects Mitigation in Subway Tunnels

This paper brings an original contribution in the analysis of stray current and the evaluation of maximum potential in reference to particular transportation service conditions. Beginning with a real new transit system under construction in Italy, a finite element method analysis has been developed in order to propose precautionary measures to prevent the growth of anodic areas in reinforcement bars and to influence the design procedure for better environmental compatibility. A possible solution to respect the limits imposed by the international standards is presented. Real infield measurements with the aim to validate the data implemented in the model complete the study.

Hellenic transgressions, homosexual politics: Wilde, Symonds and Sicily

This essay explores a lesser known aspect of the construction of Italy in late Victorian culture: the way in which Sicily, with its ancient Greek associations, functioned as a code for the expression of dissident desire and provided a powerful ideological support in the emergence of modern male homosexual identity in Britain. Symonds and Wilde, who both visited Sicily twice, are intellectual travellers whose motivations are not limited to those of the Victorian crowds flocking to Italy in the wake of the ‘Mediterranean passion’: they are actively engaged, at home, in the unfolding of a homosexual counterdiscourse. In this cultural context, which includes the poetry of the ‘Uranians’ and Wilhelm von Gloeden's photographs of nude Sicilian boys posing as ancient Greeks, Sicily is represented through the codes of aesthetic Hellenism as a homoerotic pastoral and sensual utopia. Homosexual literati projected their sexual fantasies on the Sicilian ‘other’ and looked for the reincarnation of the Hellenic ideal in the bodies of contemporary youths. Sicily is a space for Hellenic transgressions in more than one sense: as a travel destination for the actualisation of illicit desires, and as a strategic cultural space from which to invoke the legitimisation of the ancient ‘Greek love’ tradition.

Cob Construction in Italy: Some Lessons from the Past

Raw earth is a construction material unknown to most people. Nowadays, raw-earth constructions are an area of growing interest, both for rescuing the heritage and for a rediscovered environmentally friendly building and eco-sustainability material. However, because raw-earth constructions are a forgotten technique, we find problems of a lack of skilled people at all levels in this area, from designers to masons, as well as problems of how to carry out compatible conservation works on earthen heritage. This paper tries to fill the gap for a peculiar historic earthen building technology, namely cob (or bauge), which is present in Macerata in the center of Italy. Results are presented on regaining possession of the material and constructional aspects and their initial structural resources, and guidelines are given on how to improve the manufacturing process to reuse the cob technique for construction and for how to accurately work on it for a compatible and sustainable conservation.

Regional development and construction in Italy: an input-output analysis, 1959-1992

Using two sets of input-output tables, this paper analyses the role of the construction sector in the North and South regions of Italy, from 1959 to 1992. As expected, the sector has had differing impacts on the two regional economies over the years. In the highly developed North its importance has been declining, similarly to the case of other highly developed countries. In the less developed South, instead, construction has a relatively higher propulsive role in the creation of goods and income. This role is significantly diminished since most of the construction inputs are imported. Some differences are reported in the sector's input and output profiles of the two regions. From the technological and organizational points of view, in the South construction projects appear to be less complex than those in the North.

Exhibiting the New Mussolinian City: Memories of empire in the World Exhibition of Rome (EUR)

The aim of this paper is to show how fascist imperialist discourses were articulated in a new urban space, just on the outskirts of Rome, and how they affected its design, use and representation. This new city, which should have been the spatial expression of the regime's political, cultural and economical achievements, since its beginning was conceived almost as a mirror image of classical Rome. As her fascist alter-ego, it was imagined as the modern realisation of the ancient dream of reconnecting Rome to the Mediterranean, of ‘bringing Rome to the sea and the sea to Rome’, as Mussolini used to say. This was a city that had to represent a strong political desire and ended up as an image of mere representation, a city that was founded to contain a world exhibition and became in itself merely an exhibit. Here I am interested not only in the story the EUR (Esposizione Universale di Roma) buildings tell, but also in what they do, according to a performative view of cultural production. In other words, they are not simply new monuments to be added to Fascism's already powerful iconography, but an integral part of those processes of incorporation and rule at work in the construction of Italy's national/imperial identity.

Stochastic background detection with gravitational-wave resonant detectors

A linearized version of the standard Wiener filter theory is used to calculate the sensitivity to an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background of the AURIGA - NAUTILUS pair of ultra-low-temperature bar detectors, near to operating in coincidence in Italy, obtaining a sensitivity of . The addition of the VIRGO interferometric detector under construction in Italy improves the figure to . We also consider the pair formed by VIRGO and one large mass spherical detector located in a nearby available site in Italy and a pair of spherical detectors located at the AURIGA and NAUTILUS sites that promise to achieve sensitivities of .

Gravitational-wave stochastic background detection with resonant-mass detectors

In this paper we discuss how the standard optimal Wiener filter theory can be applied, within a linear approximation, to the detection of an isotropic stochastic gravitational-wave background with two or more detectors. We apply then the method to the AURIGA-NAUTILUS pair of ultralow temperature bar detectors, soon to operate in coincidence in Italy, obtaining an estimate for the sensitivity to the background spectral density of ’10 249 Hz 21 , that converts to an energy density per unit logarithmic frequency of ’8310 25 3r c , with r c’1.9310 226 kg/m 3 the closure density of the Universe. We also show that by adding the VIRGO interferometric detector under construction in Italy to the array, and by properly reorienting the detectors, one can reach a sensitivity of ’6310 25 3r c . We then calculate that the pair formed by VIRGO and one large mass spherical detector properly located in one of the nearby available sites in Italy can reach a sensitivity of ’2310 25 3r c while a pair of such spherical detectors at the same sites of AURIGA and NAUTILUS can

Imperial Uncertainties: Architectural Syncretism and Improvisation in Fascist Colonial Libya

colonies. Italy's colonial cities, he declared, should be regulated by clearly defined, grid-like master plans with broad, parallel arteries, centrally situated public buildings, zoned residential areas, and strategically placed parks, squares and fountains. These measures would prevent what Pellegrini, with the disdain of the modernist, termed 'architectural irrationality and anarchy', and would allow Italians to influence what he saw as 'the undisciplined mental laziness of the [native] inhabitants who still now are out of place' [tutt'ora disambientati] in their own land. Applied to Italy's newly reconquered territories in Libya, such plans, he argued, would establish a solid precedent for the creation of Italy's new imperial African cities.' Such calls to aesthetic and social order were echoed widely in the architectural press of the day. Writing at the height of Italy's colonial expansion in the 1920s and 1930s, leaders of Italy's official fascist syndicate of architects appealed to members of the profession to adopt a unitary, programmatic approach to empirebuilding. Earlier Liberal administrations, they claimed, had spawned hasty, unregulated construction in Italy's overseas colonies. Engineers had colluded with speculators and bureaucrats to promote a variety of styles, ranging from neo-classicism to picturesque adaptations of local motifs. In an era of fascist expansion, however, such diversity was increasingly seen as a sign of vacillation and weakness. The fascist regime, architects and officials argued, required a novel and clear aesthetic. A leader among Italy's colonial architects, Ottavio Cabiati, thus urged his colleagues to abandon their penchant for building in borrowed, derivative styles that failed to reflect a clear national character. 'All construction by a colonizing people', he wrote, 'must speak a very clear language. There should be no doubt

Construction and operation experience of a large-scale electrodialysis water desalination plant

Selemion, a group of ion exchange membranes, has been commercialized by Asahi Glass through the research and development continued since 1951 based on its unique technology. Selemion is now widely used for the concentration of seawater, water desalination, treatment of waste water, etc. On the strength of its own technology, Asahi Glass has developed an electrodialyzer and the process technology to use it. In Japan and the countries overseas, Asahi Glass already has experience in the construction of a seawater concentration plant in a table salt factory, water desalination plants and waste water treatment plants in various factories. Asahi Glass has also developed new ion-exchange membranes and electrodialyzers. Based on this technology, a plant of 4800 m 3/d has been constructed and operated, which lowers the TDS concentration of raw water from 900 ppm to 250 ppm. The power consumption for electrodialysis is less than 0.4 kWh/m 3. Two electrodialyzers with 600 pairs of 0.55 × 2.30 n ion exchange membranes are arranged in a single stage and two lines. Currently a plant with a capacity of 14,400 m 3/d is under construction in Italy. It is to begin operation in 1994.

Tri-Flo: A multistage high- sharpness DMS process with new applications

During several years of operation in Europe, South Africa and other locations, the Tri-Flo process has demonstrated substantial improvements in dense-medium dynamic-separation systems. The reasons for this improvement are: This paper discusses the above points in detail with particular reference to the multistage technology (based on the circuit analysis theory) and to the control of the medium rheology (based on recent work in the modeling and simulation of the rheological behavior of dense suspensions). Concerning the multidensity separation, information is given on the new three-stage separator where the high-density separation is performed by the first stage and the low-density separation is performed by the second and third stages. This configuration (already realized in two operating plants) was selected because no particular sharpness was required at the high-density separation, while high sharpness was required at the low-density separation. However, the configuration can be inverted or a fourth stage can be added (at very low additional cost) to provide two stages for each separating density. The importance of achieving a high sharpness separation is related to minerals (industrial minerals in particular) where the density difference of the phases to be separated is very low (as in processing of lithium ores, feldspar and others). Information is provided on plants operating in South Africa and Canada for the beneficiation of lithium minerals and on a plant under construction in Italy for the beneficiation of feldspar. Finally, the importance of making the separation at two densities is emphasized with particular reference to coal; i.e., producing a low-ash premium coal and recovering, in the middling, a by-product without losing heating value. Also, very important for some minerals is the production of a high-grade concentrate (at the first stage) suitable for sending directly to metallurgy (e.g., chromite ores) and the production of a low-grade concentrate that can be further treated. In this way, a higher overall recovery of the valuable mineral can be achieved, and, at the same time, a reduction of the treatment costs can be obtained. All of the above applications were once considered impossible.

Road materials and road construction in Italy between the mid‐eighteenth and the mid‐nineteenth century

Road materials and road construction in Italy between the mid‐eighteenth and the mid‐nineteenth century

International resource flows and construction movements in the atlantic economy: the kuznets cycle in Italy, 1861–1913

Nineteenth-century Italy experienced the long swings in migration, capital flows, and construction characteristic of the international Kuznets cycle, but in an unusual combination: its external migration swing may have resembled Britain's, but its capital flows and construction swing resembled America's. Construction in Italy was finance-sensitive rather than population-sensitive, and reacted primarily to exogenous shifts in the supply of foreign capital. The Italian experience suggests that changes in perceived risk altered the relative supply of capital in Britain and abroad and thereby induced the opposite swings in construction and the swing in migration.

Italian developments in the ultrasonic examination of pressure vessels

A review of developments being pursued in Italy in ultrasonics for application to pressure vessels is presented. Although nuclear construction in Italy has suffered heavy delays, R & D activities promoted by the Italian Electricity Board in the mid 1970s on advanced UT for non-destructive inspection of thick welded sections made it possible to obtain significant results scored by CISE Laboratories, mainly through the design, construction and qualification of the manual UT spectroscopy and signal processing computerized ARICE system and of the mechanized multifrequency acoustic holography HADIS system. Meanwhile theoretical ultrasonic modelling is actively studied in order to implement software applications and the overall reliability of UT inspections with regard to flaw detection, location and sizing. Selected contributions from manufacturers and service companies with a view to improving UT practice are acknowledged, and still wider technology transfers may be expected in the future, also under ENEA industrial promotion programmes.

Application of the blast furnace to zinc smelting

Abstract The zinc blast furnace is a comparatively recent development; the first large-scale commercial furnace was built in Swansea in 1959. Since then, more furnaces based on the Swansea design have been built in Australia, France, Germany, Zambia, Rumania, Canada, Poland, and Japan (two). Furnaces are under construction in Italy, Yugoslavia,and China. Two furnaces are in operation in the UK—the original unit at Swansea and the largest yet built at Avonmouth.

Energy Regulation in Large Power Systems by Pumping Stations

Having set forth general information on Italy's power system, the paper discusses the reasons why a considerable expansion of pumping stations is anticipated in this country. With reference to some of the hydroelectric pumped-storage stations existing or under construction in Italy, a few considerations are made concerning the characteristics which such stations can assume with respect to hourly, daily, weekly and seasonal regulation, integration and reserve.

Marion Elizabeth Blake, Ancient Roman Construction in Italy From the Prehistoric Period to Augustus. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 570, 1947. Pp. xxn and 431 and 57 plates, c. $10.

Marion Elizabeth Blake, Ancient Roman Construction in Italy From the Prehistoric Period to Augustus. Carnegie Institution of Washington, Publication 570, 1947. Pp. xxn and 431 and 57 plates, c. $10.