Constructive Approach Research Articles

Discourse Analysis of Conflict and Resolution in History Textbooks: Representations of the Referendum in Indonesia

This study explores how Indonesian history textbooks represent conflict and its resolution with a focus on the theme of East Timor. The research applies the methodology of Historical Discourse Analysis, examining various elements of representation, including nomination, predication, argumentation, perspective, and intensification. The primary objects of study are two Indonesian history textbooks that are currently used in schools. The results show that textbook I adopts a pragmatic and binary approach, framing the Indonesian government as the protagonist that seeks to include East Timor as part of its national territory. In this narrative, the East Timorese people are portrayed as the antagonists who resist the integration process with Indonesia. This approach reflects a polarized view of the conflict, emphasizing the roles of both parties in opposition. On the other hand, Textbook II takes a more constructive and reconciliation-oriented approach. It presents a vision for future cooperation and understanding between Indonesia and East Timor, highlighting possibilities for peaceful resolution and long-term collaboration between the two countries. Despite these different approaches, this study identifies an ongoing challenge in the writing of Indonesian history textbooks, which can be termed as "schizo-history." This concept refers to the paradox faced by historians in balancing efforts to reconstruct historical events with the anxiety surrounding the potential impact of those narratives on national unity. The study argues that Indonesian historians must continue to seek alternative methodologies that can address these tensions while providing more nuanced and balanced representations of historical events. This research contributes to broader discussions on the role of history textbooks in shaping national identity and calls for further investigation into the challenges and opportunities in writing history textbooks in post-conflict contexts.

Hydrogel-embedded vertically aligned metal-organic framework nanosheet membrane for efficient water harvesting.

Highly porous metal-organic framework (MOF) nanosheets have shown promising potential for efficient water sorption kinetics in atmospheric water harvesting (AWH) systems. However, the water uptake of single-component MOF absorbents remains limited due to their low water retention. To overcome this limitation, we present a strategy for fabricating vertically aligned MOF nanosheets on hydrogel membrane substrates (MOF-CT/PVA) to achieve ultrafast AWH with high water uptake. By employing directional growth of MOF nanosheets, we successfully create superhydrophilic MOF coating layer and pore channels for efficient water transportation to the crosslinked flexible hydrogel membrane. The designed composite water harvester exhibits ultrafast sorption kinetics, achieving 91.4% saturation within 15 min. Moreover, MOF-CT/PVA exhibits superior solar-driven water capture-release capacity even after 10 cycles of reuse. This construction approach significantly enhances the water vapor adsorption, offering a potential solution for the design of composite MOF-membrane harvesters to mitigate the freshwater crisis.

„Ich küsse deine Augen, Oma!“ – Wertschätzung im Alter. Ein didaktischer Streifzug aus interkultureller Perspektive

Understanding social reality as well as political developments and contexts is not only an important part of our participatory life, but also one of the main tasks of teachers in language integration work. This fundamentally involves juxtaposing the familiar and the target culture, which often becomes a topic in the classroom. These confrontations are closely accompanied by ideas and feelings of belonging and attachment as well as perceived foreignness and otherness. The relationships between the generations and the connections to one's own family play an important role here, especially as they are characterised by emotionality. The article will therefore analyse how the position of older members of the family and society is presented in the textbooks for integration courses, with respect to both the linguistic and intercultural embedding. Based on the existing offer, ideas for supplementary materials will be developed and presented as examples. Particular attention is paid here to a constructive approach, which primarily looks for connecting. The emphasis is deliberately not placed on the differences, as is the case with the prevailing conception, but a narration of the points of contact is sought.

High-precision reconstruction of a heat flux boundary via a programmable scanning electron beam controlled by the voltage waveform design method

A scanning electron beam can be used to construct heat flux boundaries (HFBs). However, the long current response time in the deflection coil using a current control method (CCM) cause the deviation of the current waveform, potentially reducing the accuracy of the reconstructed HFB relative to the target HFB. The impact of the current response time on the reconstruction accuracy increases as the field frequency increases, and the accuracy can be reduced from 0.89 to 0.69. To shorten the current response time and improve the reconstruction accuracy, a voltage waveform design method (VWDM) is introduced as a replacement for the CCM. The result indicates that the accuracy of the HFB reconstructed by a scanning electron beam controlled by the VWDM can reach 0.91. Additionally, increasing the maximum output voltage of the power amplifier used to generate the voltage can further improve the reconstruction accuracy of the HFB with the VWDM. This study provides a new approach for the accurate construction of HFBs for rapid thermal processing, additive manufacturing and thermal assessment of hypersonic vehicles.

Data-driven complementary indices and metrics for assessing national progress on climate risk and adaptation

Climate change is a complex, multidimensional issue requiring decision-making and governance supported by extensive data from social and natural systems. Large cross-country datasets are available, and various methods are used to transform this data into information relevant for policy and decision-making. Summary indices provide insights into adaptation, mitigation, vulnerability, and risk, helping track countries’ climate-related ambitions and progress. However, many existing methods for constructing indices do not fully exploit the multivariate structures within the data, leading to potential redundancies and overlaps. We develop a set of complementary, non-overlapping indices using Principal Component Analysis to capture distinct dimensions of societal and climate interactions. These data-driven indices account for underlying data structures, ensuring each provides unique and independent insights. Our analysis includes harmonized country-level datasets, metrics relevant to loss and damage, public perceptions of climate change, and projections of economic damages. The application of these indices is illustrated with dissonance metrics that assess the alignment between a country’s adaptation capacities, societal concerns, and risks. The proposed approach for index construction can be valuable across various policy contexts and for informing climate-related strategies. An online tool is provided to visualize and access the results presented in this paper.

In-Depth Examination of the Functionality and Performance of the Internet Hospital Information Platform: Development and Usability Study.

Internet hospitals (IHs) have rapidly developed as a promising strategy to address supply-demand imbalances in China's medical industry, with their capabilities directly dependent on information platform functionality. Furthermore, a novel theory of "Trinity" smart hospital has provided advanced guidelines on IH constructions. This study aimed to explore the construction experience, construction models, and development prospects based on operational data from IHs. Based on existing information systems and internet service functionalities, our hospital has built a "Smart Hospital Internet Information Platform (SHIIP)" for IH operations, actively to expand online services, digitalize traditional health care, and explore health care services modes throughout the entire process and lifecycle. This article encompasses the platform architecture design, technological applications, patient service content and processes, health care professional support features, administrative management tools, and associated operational data. Our platform has presented a set of data, including 82,279,669 visits, 420,120 online medical consultations, 124,422 electronic prescriptions, 92,285 medication deliveries, 6,965,566 prediagnosis triages, 4,995,824 offline outpatient appointments, 2025 medical education articles with a total of 15,148,310 views, and so on. These data demonstrate the significant role of IH as an indispensable component of our physical hospital services, with deep integration between online and offline health care systems. The upward trends in various data metrics indicate that our IH has gained significant recognition and usage among both the public and healthcare workers, and may have promising development prospects. Additionally, the platform construction approach, which prioritizes comprehensive service digitization and the 'Trinity' of the public, healthcare workers, and managers, serves as an effective means of promoting the development of Internet Hospitals. Such insights may prove invaluable in guiding the development of IH and facilitating the continued evolution of the Internet healthcare sector.

TinyML-powered ensemble modeling for greenhouse climate control using XGBoost and LightGBM

The cultivation of crops in smart greenhouses is experiencing a profound transformation, fueled by cutting-edge technological advancements in environmental control that significantly improve efficiency, sustainability, and productivity. Nonetheless, the intricate and ever-changing dynamics of microclimate conditions pose challenges in customizing environments to satisfy the specific requirements of various plants. Accurate prediction of these microclimate parameters emerges as a promising solution to this challenge. This study explores the integration of machine learning and TinyML platforms to create a groundbreaking ensemble approach for effectively forecasting microclimate conditions. We obtained exceptional prediction accuracy for temperature (R2 = 0.9972) and humidity (R2 = 0.9976) using a stacking ensemble of XGBoost and LightGBM models. We used Optuna for accurate hyperparameter optimization and thoroughly examined the best possible input variable combinations as part of our meticulous model construction approach. The results of this study demonstrate the revolutionary potential of machine learning in greenhouse climate management, opening the door for data-driven, intelligent agricultural systems that maximize crop yields while reducing energy consumption.

Comparative Analysis of Traditional vs. Modern Estimating Methods: Pros and Cons of Different Approaches in Construction

Comparative Analysis of Traditional vs. Modern Estimating Methods: Pros and Cons of Different Approaches in Construction

Electrostatic Confinement‐Induced Excited Charge Transfer in Ionic Covalent Organic Framework Promoting CO2 Reduction

We demonstrate an electrostatic confinement‐induced charge transfer pathway in a supramolecular photocatalyst comprising of an ionic covalent organic framework (COF) and cationic metal complexes. The dynamic electrostatic interactions not only attract cations around the COF to accept photogenerated electrons, but also allows for a retention of homogeneous catalytic characters of complexes, making a subtle balance. Accordingly, the electrostatic confinement effect facilitates the forward electron transfer from a photoexcited COF to cationic Co complex, realizing a remarkable photocatalytic CO2 reduction performance. Its catalytic efficiency is far superior to the supramolecular counterparts with Van‐der‐Waals or hydrogen bonding interactions. This work presents an insight for enhancing charge transfer in supramolecular systems, and provides an effective approach for construction of highly efficient photocatalysts.

Deficit to development: rethinking centralised workshops

Centralised academic skills provision has been criticised for being ‘generic’, ‘remedial’, or ‘bolt on’ (Wingate, 2006). Critics argue it takes a deficit approach towards student learning, simplifying academic processes and failing to meet students’ discipline-specific needs. Embedded provision is often seen as the solution. However, embedded does not necessarily mean non-deficit. Indeed, Schneider (2023) highlights that academic tutors can perceive students in relation to skills they are lacking. Subsequently, Learning Developers can be brought in to ‘fix’ students, and as such, embedded sessions may still be disconnected from the curriculum and designed to offer pre-prescribed solutions, reflecting deficit approaches. As Webster (2023) asserts, the Learning Developer’s role is not ‘to give students academic skills’ but rather to help them make sense of the skills and literacies that are hidden in the curriculum. In this workshop, we discussed how we redesigned our entire skills programme using a non-deficit pedagogic approach that aims to help students ‘uncover their curriculum’. Inspired by the University of Manchester’s constructive and collective approach (Blake and Illingworth, 2015), we see our co-curricular offer as providing a unique opportunity to create empowering and developmental learning spaces which sit alongside embedded provision. To meet these aims, our redesign was informed by four principles: Reflection: centring students’ prior knowledge and experience. Collaboration: harnessing knowledge from a community of learners, rather than a ‘sage on the stage’. Choice: students customise their own learning experience, tailoring sessions to meet their own needs. Application: students relate session content to their own discipline and apply learning to their own work. Workshop participants considered debates around deficit thinking in relation to centralised training, working together to redesign learning activities and reflect on the opportunities and challenges of such an approach.

Modeling and Experimental Validation of a Cable-Driven Robot for 3D Printing Construction

Abstract Cable-driven robots are characterized by a large workspace, high speed and load-to-weight ratio, providing a new technology approach for large-scale autonomous 3D construction of lunar surface shelters. A novel deployable cable-driven construction 3D printer (CDCP) is developed in this study. Guiding pulleys and cable sagging are considered and modeled to improve the accuracy of the system. A fuzzy adaptive differential evolution PID (FDEPID) control is proposed to reduce end-effector motion errors in Cartesian space and thus improve printing quality and stability. Concentric and zigzag infill strategies are compared to optimize printing efficiency and infill effectiveness in path planning. Finally, experiments are carried out to validate the proposed FDEPID control and path planning strategies which demonstrate the great potential of the developed cable-driven printer in the construction of lunar architecture.

Constructing a Supplementary Benchmark Suite to Represent Android Applications with User Interactions by using Performance Counters

We find existing benchmark suites for smartphone CPU micro-architecture design such as Geekbench 5.0 fail to authentically represent the micro-architecture level performance behavior of widely used real Android applications with interactive operations such as screen sliding. It is therefore crucial to systematically construct a benchmark suite as a supplementary to Geekbench to represent the user interaction behavior of Android applications for CPU micro-architecture design. The key is to identify a small number of representative programs from a large number of real applications. To this end, a set of features used to represent a program need to be constructed, and these features should be fair for different micro-architectures and can be collected efficiently. However, this is extremely difficult for Android applications. For example, the feature collection tools for Android applications are unavailable for benchmark selection. In this paper, we propose a novel benchmark suite construction approach dubbed BEMAP to efficiently build a supplementary benchmark suite from real-world Android applications to represent their user interaction behavior. 1 BEMAP innovates four techniques. The first technique, called two-stage RFC (representative feature construction), constructs program features from performance counters (events) to represent a program for selecting benchmarks from a large number of real Android applications in two stages. The first stage identifies a set of important performance events in terms of IPC (instructions per cycle) by employing a machine learning algorithm named SGBRT (Stochastic Gradient Boosted Regression Tree). The second stage constructs representative features based on the important performance events by using ICA (independent component analysis). The second technique, named SPC-MMA (source performance counters from multiple micro-architectures), collects the performance events from multiple mobile CPUs with different micro-architectures and mixes them as the source of RFC. The goal of these two innovations is to make the program features fair to different mobile CPU micro-architectures. The third technique, called ES (Elbow-Silhouette) approach, artfully leverages the synergy between the elbow method and the silhouette method to determine an optimal K when we use K-Means to group Android applications. The fourth technique is that we design a new tool named AutoProfiler to automatically profile the micro-architecture events (e.g., IPC, L1 Icache misses) of Android applications with interactive operations. Using the proposed BEMAP methodology 2 , we constructed SPBench, a novel benchmark suite supplementary to traditional mobile benchmark suites like Geekbench, for mobile CPU micro-architecture design. It consists of fifteen benchmarks selected from one hundred real Android applications with three common user interaction operations, which is the fifth innovation of this paper. The experimental results on four significantly different micro-architectures show that SPBench can represent the micro-architecture performance behaviors of the one hundred real-world applications with three common user interactive operations on each micro-architecture with significantly higher accuracy than benchmark suites produced by the state-of-the-art approaches.

Enhancing educational efficiency: Generative AI chatbots and DevOps in Education 4.0

AbstractThe emergence of new technologies has developed a new industrial need for engineering graduate students. This modern industry needs a modern educational framework to support further development. This research revolves around developing the learning methodological approach for university courses that aligns with Education 4.0 and can fulfill the essential knowledge requirements for future engineers in Industry 4.0. We used a constructive approach as a baseline methodology already proven in the field of engineering education. On the other hand, we modified this approach by implementing Industry 4.0 standards, such as Agile methodology, DevOps tools, and Artificial intelligence chatbots. In this way, we managed to establish one more step in the digital transformation of education as one of the paramount cornerstones of Industry 4.0. As a result, during the course, Agile methodology and DevOps tools created a learning environment very similar to the real software development environment in companies. The efficiency of the delivery of the learning material also increased by implementation and integration of AI chatbots. This was tracked by the number of projects developed during course implementation. The study showed that in the field of education, the implementation of novel approaches developed in the industry to increase efficiency can be implemented in the educational environment. It also showed that the implementation of those methodologies does not hinder but improves the efficiency of the educational cycle.

Surrogate model of turbulent transport in fusion plasmas using machine learning

Abstract The advent of machine learning (ML) has revolutionized the research of plasma confinement, offering new avenues for exploration. It enables the construction of models that effectively streamline the simulation process. While previous first-principles simulations have provided physics-based transport information, they have been inadequate fast for real-time applications or plasma control. In order to address this challenge, we introduce SExFC, a surrogate model based on the Gyro-Landau Extended Fluid Code (ExFC). An approach of physics-based database construction is detailed, as well the validity is illustrated. Through harnessing the power of ML, SExFC offers the capability to deliver rapid and precise predictions, facilitating real-time applications and enhancing plasma control. The proposed model integrates the recurrent neural network (RNN) algorithm, specifically leveraging the Gated Recurrent Unit (GRU) for iterative prediction of flux evolutions based on radial profiles. Therefore, the SExFC model has the potential to enable rapid and physics-based predictions that can be seamlessly integrated into future real-time plasma control systems.

Enhancing Performance in Construction Project Management Teams

The seminar paper provides a pragmatic perspective of the topic of enhancing performance in construction project management teams. The paper provides a detailed collated review of several key areas pertaining to construction project management teams and their performance based on the findings of previous research. The study has focused on a range of aspects namely, leadership, competence and capabilities, effective communication, decision-making, interpersonal relationships and emotional intelligence, project management and governance approaches, trust, psychological safety, and team culture. Each sub-topic (aspect) has been structured in a manner that includes a brief introduction to the aspect, its importance for construction projects, the current state in construction projects, strategies, and approaches to eliminate the issues and contribute to increase in the team’s overall performance and finally, the novel strategies and tools pertaining to the focus area. The author anticipates that the content provided in this seminar paper shall be beneficial for effective decision making by organizational leadership and for the project leadership and the team to pay more consideration towards the strategies and approaches to enhance the elaborated aspects that are often overlooked in construction projects.

Guidelines for the prescription of standard hematology and biochemistry clinical laboratory tests in the intensive care unit: A scoping review protocol.

This scoping review protocol describes the strategy for a scoping review that aims to provide a comprehensive overview of published guidelines for the prescription of standard laboratory tests performed in intensive care unit (ICU) patients. The use of clinical laboratories is constantly increasing. However, there is evidence of inappropriate use. Inappropriate laboratory testing has the potential to harm patients, increase costs, burden staff, and has an environmental impact. Effective management can be achieved through demand managing strategies, such as providing guidelines on performing the appropriate test, for the right patient, at the right time. Although national and international guidelines exist for individual tests, a comprehensive summary of available recommendations for laboratory testing in the ICU is currently unavailable. This scoping review will incorporate documents that provide explicit advice on which test to perform in ICU patients. We selected 34 tests routinely ordered in the ICU. This review will consider any document type that matches our concept and context. We will consider gray literature with appropriate adherence to guidelines methodology. We will not limit the review by geographical location, but will only include articles published in English. Our scoping review will follow the Joanna Brigg Institute (JBI) methodology. We will search Medline (PubMed), Embase, Scopus, Google Scholar, and Google. Our search strategy adheres to the JBI 3-step construction approach for systematic reviews. We will search for keywords related to guidelines, laboratory testing, and the 34 selected tests. We will report our study using the S1 Checklist. Review registration number: osf.io/yfs9z.

O TRABALHO DO GESTOR PÚBLICO NO PROGRAMA BOLSA FAMÍLIA

In the development of this research, it is possible to present the performance of the public manager in the Bolsa Família program. With a vast field of activity, the public manager collaborates based on his/her professionalism in the construction of a fair and egalitarian society, promoting values ​​that enable a quality of life, such as accessibility to social projects, educational programs and inclusion. The Bolsa Família program seeks to have an important social meaning, where the families assisted and accompanied by the public manager, where the performance of the same can enable accessibility, clarity and commitment to the users. The program contributes not only with income transfer in order to overcome poverty and extreme poverty, but reinforces basic social rights, allowing these families to go further, being able to have a better future through education and health. The presented research brings together a framework of reflections on the theme, analyzing theorists on the respective subject from a constructive and informative approach. The methodology of the referred work is the result of readings and reflections based on different theorists on the respective theme.

Tangent Space Generators of Matrix Product States and Exact Floquet Quantum Scars

The advancement of quantum simulators motivates the development of a theoretical framework to assist with efficient state preparation in quantum many-body systems. Generally, preparing a target entangled state via unitary evolution with time-dependent couplings is a challenging task and very little is known about the existence of solutions and their properties. In this work we develop a constructive approach for preparing matrix product states (MPS) via continuous unitary evolution. We provide an explicit construction of the operator that exactly implements the evolution of a given MPS along a specified direction in its tangent space. This operator can be written as a sum of local terms of finite range, yet it is in general non-Hermitian. Relying on the explicit construction of the non-Hermitian generator of the dynamics, we demonstrate the existence of a Hermitian sequence of operators that implements the desired MPS evolution with an error that decreases exponentially with the operator range. The construction is benchmarked on an explicit periodic trajectory in a translationally invariant MPS manifold. We demonstrate that the Floquet unitary generating the dynamics over one period of the trajectory features an approximate MPS-like eigenstate embedded among a sea of thermalizing eigenstates. These results show that our construction is not only useful for state preparation and control of many-body systems, but also provides a generic route towards Floquet scars—periodically driven models with quasilocal generators of dynamics that have exact MPS eigenstates in their spectrum. Published by the American Physical Society 2024

Robust and accurate visual geo-localization using prior map constructed by handheld LiDAR SLAM with camera image and terrestrial LiDAR point cloud

ABSTRACT Visual geo-localization using prior map of known environments has extensive applications in the fields such as self-driving, augmented reality and navigation. Currently, such prior maps are usually constructed by visual SLAM or SFM. However, the recent advances in LiDAR SLAM technology with RGB camera demonstrate great potential in efficient and accurate prior map construction and visual geo-localization. In this research, we developed a novel prior map construction approach which seamlessly integrates a handheld LiDAR SLAM system, a global LiDAR localization algorithm and a sparse set of terrestrial LiDAR scans as accurate control within a factor graph optimization framework. The developed LiDAR SLAM system augmented by terrestrial LiDAR scans achieves an improved mapping accuracy of 8 cm under GNSS-denied conditions in the areas over 50,000 m2 while the state-of-art FAST-LIO2 alone fails and produces a mapping error over 30 m. The results show that a competitive accuracy of visual geo-localization on a mobile phone using the constructed prior map is achieved (i.e. 60 and 76 cm in two tests respectively). Finally, this work also demonstrates a novel LiDAR point cloud fusion method that produces optimized and consistent coarse-to-fine 3D reconstruction in large and complex scenes.

Moving the needle on home health: Reconceptualizing social problems in a multi-stakeholder system

Despite significant evidence that housing quality plays a key role in the overall health of the population, health risks that originate at home have failed to garner direct policy attention or intervention commensurate with their impact. Drawing on the sociology of social problems, we identify how causal and political responsibility for risks in the United States context is complicated when these environmental health risks are embedded in private homes. We argue that changing how home health is addressed by health and building practitioners requires a reconceptualization of home health whereby the multiple responsible parties and sources of exposure become leverage points for future research and interventions. This reframing includes identifying housing as an arena of health, representing a class of risks tied to place. We also contend that health is an essential element of homes as systems and must be embedded in how those in building science, construction, property management, and code design approach housing. Finally, we suggest the need for specialists to navigate home health issues, drawing on the hospitalist model of health provision. These proposals illustrate multiple points at which residents, researchers, and health and building professionals may intervene and home health risks can be addressed.