Construction Cost Research Articles

Enhancing Oil Production Rate by Well Type Conversion in an Iraqi Field

Horizontal wells have been drilled worldwide for the past decades, mainly to increase well’s deliverability. Many vertical wells have been converted to horizontal wells. Only some of them were successful in increasing the oil production rate as expected. In this study, a vertical well (V1) in Kirkuk field was studied and converted to a designed horizontal well (H1) to increase the productivity. PROSPER software was used to model both wells. H1 was designed with well horizontal lengths of 152, 305, 457, and 610 m, and permeability ratios of 0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.7 and 1.0. A developed correlation for calculating well construction cost, along with Questor software, were used to perform the economic analysis. It was found that the highest productivity index and production rate ratios were 5.2 and 2.41, respectively. Reservoir pay thickness and permeability ratio are the main parameters in determining the minimum feasible horizontal well length. Reservoir pressure and water cut were found to be the most sensitive parameters in both wells. The net profit generated by a horizontal well with length of 610 m and permeability ratio of 0.2 is 1.9 folds the net profit generated by a vertical well, in three years.

Optimal Multiple Wind Power Transmission Schemes Based on a Life Cycle Cost Analysis Model

Due to the high cost and complex challenges faced by offshore wind power transmission, economic research into offshore wind power transmission can provide a scientific basis for optimal decision-making on offshore wind power projects. Based on the analysis of the topology structure and characteristics of typical wind power transmission schemes, this paper compares the economic benefits of five different transmission schemes with a 3.6 GW sizeable onshore wind farm as the primary case. Research includes traditional high voltage alternating current (HVAC), voltage source converter high voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC), a fractional frequency transmission system (FFTS), and two hybrid DC (MMC-LCC and DR-MMC) transmission scenarios. The entire life cycle cost analysis model (LCCA) is employed to thoroughly assess the cumulative impact of initial investment costs, operational expenses, and eventual scrap costs on top of the overall transmission scheme’s total cost. This comprehensive evaluation ensures a nuanced understanding of the financial implications across the project’s entire lifespan. In this example, HVAC has an economic advantage over VSC-HVDC in the transmission distance range of 78 km, and the financial range of a FFTS is 78–117 km. DR-MMC is better than the flexible DC delivery scheme in terms of transmission capacity, scalability, and offshore working platform construction costs in the DC delivery scheme. Therefore, the hybrid DC delivery scheme of offshore wind power composed of multi-type converters has excellent application prospects.

Cost-Related Drivers and Barriers of Passivhaus: A Systematic Literature Review

Passivhaus (PH) has gained global recognition for its energy-efficient features despite a 5% to 10% higher construction cost than traditional houses, especially within European countries. However, its adoption and popularity have not met the same fate in other countries like New Zealand. The higher upfront cost has been critical to the slow adoption of the PH movement in New Zealand. This study aimed to demystify the mist around the cost of PHs with a focus on the effects of drivers and barriers on their life cycle costs (LCCs). As such, a systematic literature review was conducted to provide a comprehensive understanding of the cost implications associated with PH. Using the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses (PRISMA) review method, we examined 71 past studies on PHs from 2005 to 2023. We found that the drivers of PHs include reduced heating demand, increased thermal comfort, and indoor air quality (IAQ). Research showed that the rising market for PHs is fueled by climate change, environmental awareness, innovative materials and technologies, individual commitment, improved regulations, pilot studies, research efforts, and governmental funding and initiatives. However, PHs face significant challenges such as increased complexity, advanced technology, higher initial investments compared to conventional and low-energy houses, national requirements, overheating, difficulties in affording the technologies, and a lack of options in the market. Despite the wealth of research on the economic aspects of PH, there is a lack of in-depth studies exploring the LCC of PHs focusing on cost commitments and benefits. Such studies are essential for assessing and optimising the cost-effectiveness of PH, considering different climates and regions, and comparing them with other low energy standards. The findings of our review provide a crucial focus for PH stakeholders in assessing the long-term financial viability of PH projects, thereby improving decision-making and facilitating effective planning for sustainable and cost-effective housing.

Optimization of All-Desert Sand Concrete Aggregate Based on Dinger–Funk Equation

In recent years, with the development of the construction industry and the wide application of concrete materials, the demand for natural resources such as sand and gravel in China has continued to grow. The Xinjiang region is rich in natural desert sand resources due to its large desert area, which are inexpensive and easy to obtain, providing new possibilities for the production of concrete materials. The use of natural desert sand as concrete aggregate not only reduces the cost of construction but also contributes to the protection of the environment and the rational development and utilization of natural resources. However, poor particle gradation in natural desert sand leads to poor concrete properties. In this study, the Dinger–Funk equation was used to optimize the aggregate gradation of natural desert sand from Toksun, Xinjiang, and concrete specimens were prepared for mechanical properties and sulfate erosion resistance tests. The test results show that the four groups of aggregates optimized by the Dinger–Funk equation are better than the single gradation and natural gradation in terms of apparent density, bulk density, void ratio, mechanical properties, and durability of concrete. Where the distribution modulus n = 0.3 was the best, the compressive strength, splitting strength, and flexural strength were increased by 13.14%, 15.71%, and 11.08%, respectively, as compared to the natural gradation. After 90 sulfate erosion and dry–wet cycles, the mass change rate and relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete specimens first increased and then decreased, and at the distribution modulus n = 0.3, the aggregate particles of 0.3–0.6 mm, 0.6–1.18 mm, and 1.18–2.36 mm accounted for 26.98%, 32.33%, and 40.69%, respectively, and the smallest of the mass change rates of durability was the best.

Experimental studies on lateral bearing capacity of modified tripod suction caissons for offshore wind turbines in silty clay

In recent years regular tripod suction caissons are commonly used in offshore wind farm projects because of economic feasibility and environment-friendly work principles. The design of a modified tripod suction caisson composed of three caissons with different diameters can improve the capacity behaviour in the direction of strong wind within a considered construction cost. This paper carried out model tests to study the lateral bearing capacity of modified tripod suction caissons in silty clay. Based on the equilibrium equation of vertical force of modified tripod suction caissons the average vertical subgrade reaction modulus is proposed to investigate the relationship between it and rotation, which is of paramount importance to the nonlinear lateral bearing capacity. The results show that the range of bearing capacity factors increases with the increasing effective diameter-height ratio indicating that modified tripod suction caisson with reasonable combinations can effectively improve its bearing capacity in a certain loading direction. The sum of the bearing capacity factors of three monopod suction caissons falls in the range of the capacity factors of the tripod foundation consisting of the above caissons. Suction under the lid increases with the increasing lateral load and seems to be not related to the combinations of suction caissons with different diameters. By fitting the experimental data, it is found that there is a power exponential relationship between the average vertical subgrade reaction modulus and rotation of the foundation.

Establishment and application of real-time monitoring system for mine ventilation resistance

The monitoring of ventilation resistance in domestic coal mines is generally faced with two problems: huge workload and lagging monitoring data behind production, which is due to the backward monitoring technology. In recent years, with the progress of technology and equipment in the coal industry, ventilation resistance monitoring products have appeared in the market one after another, but they still face the following main problems: (1) the sensor measurement error needs to be further improved; (2) The monitoring scheme is relatively simple, and the use of absolute pressure multi-parameter monitoring faces two problems: measurement error and construction cost; (3) There is a lack of successful application cases of ventilation resistance monitoring in the industry, and the analysis and application of ventilation resistance monitoring data by the upper computer is insufficient. In view of the above problems, this paper studies the principle, monitoring scheme, system framework and practical application of ventilation resistance monitoring, aiming to solve the problem of real-time online monitoring and analysis of ventilation resistance.

Performance of asphalt mixtures containing high reclaimed asphalt pavement and waste steel rolling oil

Reducing costs, dealing with environmental problems, and preserving more natural resources are among the main incentives for reusing asphalt instead of road reconstruction. However, asphalt reuse involves the addition of some modifiers to the asphalt mixture. In this respect, rejuvenators investigated in the previous studies did not perform properly against all failures. Besides, they had problems such as lacking access to the required amount for road construction and high production costs. Regarding the high-temperature resistance and antioxidant properties of the waste steel rolling oil (WSRO), for the first time, the effect of using this lubricant was investigated on the recovery of bitumen aging and the performance of asphalt mixture containing high amounts of reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP). To this end, the conventional (penetration and softening point) tests and rotational viscosity test were conducted to determine the optimal amount of rejuvenator. In addition, FTIR and FESEM tests were carried out for chemical and morphological investigation. SCB and dynamic creep tests were performed on a balanced mix design to examine the performance against cracking and rutting. Moisture sensitivity was also investigated by performing an indirect tensile test. The results show that a uniform texture was created in the aged bitumen modified with WSRO, and there was a decrease in functional groups that represent the occurrence of aging. Therefore, WSRO can restore aging and improve rutting and cracking performance. Resistance to moisture sensitivity also improved. Overall, the results show a performance improvement in the mixture containing high RAP content mixed with WSRO as a waste rejuvenator. However, more studies encompassing rheological, economic and environmental aspects, are needed to conclude about the practical use of this material.

Transferable, Living Data Sets for Predicting Global Minimum Energy Nanocluster Geometries.

Modeling of nanocluster geometries is essential for studying the dependence of catalytic activity on the available active sites. In heterogeneous catalysis, the interfacial interaction of the support with the metal can result in modification of the structural and electronic properties of the clusters. To tackle the study of a diverse array of cluster shapes, data-driven methodologies are essential to circumvent prohibitive computational costs. At their core, these methods require large data sets in order to achieve the necessary accuracy to drive structural exploration. Given the similarity in binding character of the transition metals, cluster shapes encountered for various systems show a large amount of overlap. This overlap has been utilized to construct a living data set which may be carried over across multiple studies. Iterative refinement of this data set provides a low-cost pathway for initialization of cluster studies. It is shown that utilization of transferable structural information can reduce model construction costs by more than 90%. The benefits of this approach are particularly notable for alloy systems, which possess significantly larger configurational spaces compared to the pure-phase counterparts.

Optimization of Charging Station Capacity Based on Energy Storage Scheduling and Bi-Level Planning Model

With the government’s strong promotion of the transformation of new and old driving forces, the electrification of buses has developed rapidly. In order to improve resource utilization, many cities have decided to open bus charging stations (CSs) to private vehicles, thus leading to the problems of high electricity costs, long waiting times, and increased grid load during peak hours. To address these issues, a dual-layer optimization model was constructed and solved using the Golden Sine Algorithm, balancing the construction cost of CSs and user costs. In addition, the problem was alleviated by combining energy storage scheduling and the M/M/c queue model to reduce grid pressure and shorten waiting times. The study shows that energy storage scheduling effectively reduces grid load, and the electricity cost is reduced by 6.0007%. The average waiting time is reduced to 2.1 min through the queue model, reducing the electric vehicles user’s time cost. The bi-level programming model and energy storage scheduling strategy have positive implications for the operation and development of bus CSs.

E-Waste in construction: a comprehensive bibliometric analysis and review of the literature

Purpose The global construction industry faces both challenges and opportunities from electronic waste (e-waste). This study aims to present a bibliometric analysis and comprehensive literature assessment on e-waste in concrete construction materials. Design/methodology/approach This study studies 4,122 Scopus documents to examine garbage generation in different countries and inventive ways to integrate e-waste into construction as a sustainable strategy. This study lists famous researchers and their cooperation networks, demonstrating a robust and dynamic area with a surge in research output, notably from 2018 to 2022. Data is visually represented using VOS Viewer to show trends, patterns and study interests throughout time. Findings The findings imply that e-waste can improve construction materials’ mechanical characteristics and sustainability. The results are inconsistent and suggest further optimization. e-Waste into construction has garnered scientific interest for its environmental, life cycle, and economic impacts. This field has great potential for improving e-waste material use, developing sophisticated prediction models, studying environmental implications, economic analysis, policy formulation, novel construction methods, global cooperation and public awareness. This study shows that e-waste can be used in sustainable building. It stresses this area’s need for research and innovation. This lays the groundwork for using electronic trash in buildings, which promotes a circular economy and environmental sustainability. Research limitations/implications The findings underscore the critical role of ongoing research and innovation in leveraging e-waste for sustainable building practices. This study lays the groundwork for integrating e-waste into construction, contributing to the advancement of a circular economy and environmental sustainability. Social implications The social implications of integrating e-waste into construction are significant. Using e-waste not only addresses environmental concerns but also promotes social sustainability by creating new job opportunities in the recycling and construction sectors. It fosters community awareness and responsibility towards sustainable practices and waste management. Additionally, this approach can reduce construction costs, making building projects more accessible and potentially lowering housing prices. Originality/value This research contributes to the field by offering a bibliometric analysis and comprehensive assessment of e-waste in concrete construction materials, highlighting its global significance.

Effect of Supporting Carbon Fiber Anode by Activated Coconut Carbon in the Microbial Fuel Cell Fed by Molasses Decoction from Yeast Production

A microbial fuel cell (MFC) is a bioelectrochemical system that generates electrical energy using electroactive micro-organisms. These micro-organisms convert chemical energy found in substances like wastewater into electrical energy while simultaneously treating the wastewater. Thus, MFCs serve a dual purpose, generating energy and enhancing wastewater treatment processes. Due to the high construction costs of MFCs, there is an ongoing search for alternative solutions to improve their efficiency and reduce production costs. This study aimed to improvement of MFC operation and minimize MFC costs by using anode material derived from by-products. Therefore, the proton exchange membrane (PEM) was abandoned, and a stainless steel cathode and a carbon anode were used. To improve the cell’s efficiency, a carbon fiber anode supplemented with activated coconut carbon (ACCcfA) was utilized. Micro-organisms were provided with molasses decoction (a by-product of yeast production) to supply the necessary nutrients for optimal functioning. For comparison, an anode made solely of carbon fibers (CFA) and an anode composed of activated carbon grains without carbon fibers (ACCgA) were also tested. The results indicated that the ACCcfA system achieved the highest cell voltage, power density, and COD reduction efficiency (compared to the CFA and ACCgA electrodes). Additionally, the study demonstrated that incorporating activated coconut carbon significantly enhances the performance of the MFC when powered by a by-product of yeast production.

Verification of Protection Performance of Concrete Blast-Proof Panels Against Internal Explosions

Recently, studies on blast-proof panels, which were attached to structures to protect facilities from local damage caused by explosions, have been actively performed. However, blast-proof panels are impractical yet due to the high installation cost and difficulty in construction, and protection performance for explosions inside a structure is not evaluated. In this study, a blast-proof panel consisting of concrete material was devised to ensure economic feasibility and constructability. Then, the protection performance of the concrete blast-proof panel for internal explosions was analyzed by numerical simulations and field experiments. First, field experiments on concrete explosion-proof panels were conducted for two cases, where panels without and with energy-absorbing foam were installed. As a result, the concrete blast-proof panel reduced the displacement of structures by up to 22% and the acceleration of structures by up to 86%. However, the reliability of the field experiment data was insufficient due to the shear failure of the test structure during experiments. Therefore, additional analysis was conducted by developing a numerical model. A series of numerical simulations was conducted according to the various densities of the energy-absorbing foam that was inserted between the panel and structure. Consequently, the optimum density of the impact-absorbing material differed depending on the type of structure damage to reduce (i.e., the displacement or acceleration of the structure).

Seismic Strengthening of Elevated Reinforced Concrete Tanks: Analytical Framework and Validation Techniques

The prevalence of elevated reinforced concrete tanks is widespread across Italian water distribution networks, particularly in flat or low-relief areas. Primarily constructed by the late 1970s, these tanks often suffer from outdated hydraulic efficiency, unable to cope with the increasing urban water demands. With rising construction costs, the economic advantage has shifted toward underground tanks, leading to the decommissioning of many elevated tanks. Despite being obsolete, elevated tanks from the 1960s and 1970s still stand in densely urbanized regions. However, demolishing them may prove less cost-effective than retrofitting to restore their original structural capacity. The widespread presence of these structures, coupled with their susceptibility to decay from weathering and poor maintenance, necessitates a comprehensive assessment of their resilience against gravitational and lateral forces, including seismic activity. Consequently, there is a pressing need to develop an analysis and verification methodology, particularly focused on seismic resilience, tailored to existing elevated tanks. These structures, distinct from conventional reinforced concrete frames, are primarily designed to withstand vertical forces, emphasizing the importance of optimizing material usage in their retrofitting efforts.

Compressed stabilised earth block synergistically valorising municipal solid waste incinerator bottom ash and sisal fiber: Strength, durability and life cycle analysis

Compressed stabilized earth blocks (CSEB) represent an eco-friendly substitute for traditional building materials, predominantly utilizing earth. Municipal Solid Waste Incineration Bottom Ash (MSWIBA) is a by-product of municipal waste treatment that can be creatively repurposed in construction projects. This research explores integrating MSWIBA as a substitute for Earth in CSEB production to conserve natural resources and repurpose waste, potentially reducing its landfill disposal. The sisal fibers (SF), often regarded as by-products of agricultural processes, offer an intriguing research material. The SF was treated with a 5 % NaOH alkaline solution to improve the CSEB bonding, increasing the flexural strength. The study aims to determine the optimal mix of stabilizers, in addition to a 10 % cement content, using various percentages of MSWIBA (10–40 % by weight of dry sand) and SF content (0.25–1 % by weight of dry soil). These blocks undergo comprehensive tests to determine their strength and durability. Wet and dry compression, flexural tests and indirect tensile tests were used to assess strength qualities, while wetting-drying cycles and acid exposure were used to determine durability. MSWIBA replaces 20 % sand in CSEB satisfying the strength. However, exceeding this amount increases void content and lowers strength, emphasizing the importance of balanced proportions for best performance. The 20 % MSWIBA and 0.75 % SF combination enhanced the compressive strength by 6.45 MPa, flexural strength by 0.92 MPa and water absorption by less than 18 %. The durability test displayed increases in compressive strength of 14.7 % and flexural strength of 93.48 % and optimized water absorption rate. Furthermore, microstructural analysis has been performed on CSEBs and the results highlight the importance of balanced cement and SF proportions for structural integrity. Life Cycle Analysis (LCA) investigation shows that construction costs using CSEB are 12.24 % higher than those with FCBs. Additionally, the study suggests that CSEB with MSWIBA and SF will be an environmentally sustainable construction material, considering factors such as energy usage, Global Warming Potential, and other environmental considerations

Optimizing urban park locations with addressing environmental justice in park access and utilization by using dynamic demographic features derived from mobile phone data

Urban parks play a critical role in improving the quality of life of local residents and creating sustainable and resilient urban environments. As urban parks are essential public services, it is important that they be accessible, sufficient, and of high quality so all city residents can access and benefit from them to advocate environmental justice. To make park services more equitable, it is crucial to evaluate the distribution and quality of existing urban parks and consider potential locations for new urban parks, in terms of both park access and utilization. By adopting a new type of dynamic population data based on mobile phone-based tracking, we assessed urban park access by vulnerable populations, particularly economically marginalized older adults, and employed dynamic demographic features and neighboring environmental features of existing urban parks and park candidate sites to estimate park utilization. Ultimately, we developed an advanced multi-objective location optimization model considering park access, utilization, and construction cost. The three objectives of maximizing utilization of the candidate sites when urban parks are established, maximizing the number of vulnerable people who can be covered by the urban parks, and minimizing the total establishment cost for the urban parks were optimized in locating urban parks among candidate sites. The proposed methodology was validated with an application to Ulsan Metropolitan City in the Republic of Korea.

Construction Cost Optimization of Prefabricated Buildings Based on BIM Technology

Prefabricated assemblies are popular in the construction industry due to their minimal carbon footprint, enhanced safety, and reliability. A combination of software, including Revit, Navisworks, and Practical Structural Design and Construction (PKPM) software, is used to reduce costs by refining the specifications and dimensions of components, streamlining the variety of molds, enhancing design performance through rigorous component collision inspections and structural optimization, and ensuring cost-effectiveness. The integration of building integration modeling (BIM) visualization significantly diminishes errors attributable to information asymmetry and minimized material wastage stemming from production inaccuracies. The implementation of a Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) information exchange platform enables real-time component tracking, provides insights into the transportation dynamics of these components, and facilitates cost optimization during the transportation phase. Moreover, simulations conducted using Fuzor software preemptively identify potential construction site issues. There is a substantial cost savings of 710,000 yuan.

Research on Public Space Area Indicators of Physical Examination Centers

With the increasing demand for medical checkups, problems such as overcrowding and confusion in the public spaces of physical examination centers are becoming prominent. This seriously affects the efficiency of medical checkups and the satisfaction of patients. Because of the lack of reference norms and standards, spatial resources are allocated blindly in physical examination centers. Therefore, the reasonable prediction of demands for space and the allocation of areas for public space are problems we need to explore. This study aims to establish a foundation for spatial resource allocation by analyzing the relationship between area allocation and volume of medical checkups and spatial comfort. The objective is to balance service quality and construction costs in physical examination centers. Utilizing AnyLogic, this research simulates pedestrian flow characteristics during peak hours based on empirical data. Additionally, it provides statistics on and analysis of such areas in 30 physical examination centers. The findings reveal that the average per capita allocation of public space ranges from 6.90 to 7.10 m2. The functional relationship between the area of public space (y) and the total area (x) is y = 0.3649x − 57.096. This paper also proposes a relationship between the waiting space and the daily volume of medical checkups according to two comfort levels. The percentages of waiting space in public space ranges from 10% to 12.5% (comfort level) and 7% to 10% (general comfort level). This research provides architects with a specific and operable foundation for space planning, enhancing the standardization and scientification of physical examination center construction. Furthermore, the methodology used in this study proves valuable for future analyses of the interrelationships among functional units in medical buildings. It can also be applied during the postuse evaluation phase, enabling continuous assessment and iterative improvement in the design.

Selection of 110 kV Prefabricated Steel Substations Considering Seismic Vulnerability in China

Prefabricated modular substations are expected to become the mainstream construction type for substations in China. However, there is a lack of scientific basis for structural selection and seismic performance evaluation. Taking a 110 kV substation as an example, this study compares the construction cost of cast-in situ reinforced concrete (RC) substations and prefabricated steel (PS) ones. Two types of PS structures are considered: one with H-section steel columns and the other with box-section steel columns. A seismic vulnerability analysis is performed to compare the probability distribution of various damage states of substation building structures under different seismic damage levels. Results indicate that the construction cost of PS structures is approximately 27.9% higher than that of cast-in situ concrete. When using H-section steel columns, there is a significant difference in the flexural stiffness in two horizontal directions, resulting in reduced seismic performance in the weak-axis direction. The construction cost of using box-section steel columns is slightly higher than that of the H-section steel case, but its seismic performance is significantly improved. Although the probability of slight and moderate damage states for the box-section steel column scheme is generally higher than that of the cast-in situ RC scheme, the probability of collapse is reduced. Thus, box-section steel columns are recommended for prefabricated modular substation building structures.

Research on Student Classroom Behavior Detection Based on the Real-Time Detection Transformer Algorithm

With the rapid development of artificial intelligence and big data technology, intelligent education systems have become a key research focus in the field of modern educational technology. This study aims to enhance the intelligence level of educational systems by accurately detecting student behavior in the classroom using deep learning techniques. We propose a method for detecting student classroom behavior based on an improved RT DETR (Real-Time Detection Transformer) object detection algorithm. By combining actual classroom observation data with AI-generated data, we create a comprehensive and diverse student behavior dataset (FSCB-dataset). This dataset not only more realistically simulates the classroom environment but also effectively addresses the scarcity of datasets and reduces the cost of dataset construction. The study introduces MobileNetV3 as a lightweight backbone network, reducing the model parameters to one-tenth of the original while maintaining nearly the same accuracy. Additionally, by incorporating learnable position encoding and dynamic upsampling techniques, the model significantly improves its ability to recognize small objects and complex scenes. Test results on the FSCB-dataset show that the improved model achieves significant improvements in real-time performance and computational efficiency. The lightweight network is also easy to deploy on mobile devices, demonstrating its practicality in resource-constrained environments.

Sizing of storage‐based renewable off‐grid system according to supply of electrical and thermal energies considering unscented transformation‐based stochastic optimization: A case study

AbstractThe paper presents the planning (sizing) of a hybrid islanded system containing only renewable sources including wind turbines, photovoltaics, and bio‐waste energy units for the simultaneous supply of electrical and thermal energy. The mentioned renewable sources are used to supply electrical energy. The bio‐waste unit (BEU) is equipped with combined electrical and thermal technology. It is used along with heat pumps to supply thermal energy. Electrical and thermal storage are employed to make the renewable power output as close as possible to the demand level. Electric storage can be either stationary (e.g., battery) or mobile (e.g., electric vehicles), but thermal storage is as stationary type of storage. In the following, the proposed scheme minimizes construction and maintenance costs imposed by power sources, storage devices, and power electronic converters, and expected storage degradation cost. This plan is bound to the model of operation of sources, storage devices, and power electronic converters. In this model, renewables are the main source of power to supply consumers, where storage is adopted to increase the generation level to make it as close as possible to the demand curve. The uncertain parameters are imposed by the load, renewable phenomena, and mobile storage parameters. To model these uncertainties, stochastic optimization based on unscented transformation is used. Finally, the findings of the paper demonstrate that the suggested scheme succeeds in the economic planning of the system with a simultaneous supply of electrical and thermal energy. The BEU equipped with a combined electricity and heat system along with thermal storage and a heat pump to supply thermal load besides providing electric energy can reduce the planning cost by 2.9% compared with the case with only electrical energy. Also, the mobile storage presence in the hybrid system can reduce the number of stationary storage devices, which alone results in a 7.7% decrease in the planning cost of the hybrid system.