Situational Constraints Research Articles

Progress and challenges in narrowing the gender publication gap and parity

PurposeThe purpose of this study is to examine the narrowing of the gender publication gap (GPG) and predict when gender publication parity will be achieved. It investigates if women’s publication rates are catching up with men’s when the proportion of published articles by women will match their representation in the field, and how the gender gap and parity are changing concerning lead authorships. The study analyzes data from 11,097 researchers across 8 management journals from 2002 to 2020, revealing a higher growth rate in women’s publications and varying degrees of parity achievement between micro and macro domains.Design/methodology/approachWe created a database of all researchers who published at least one article in eight management journals from January 2002 through December 2020. It included 11,097 unique researchers who produced 7,357 unique articles, resulting in 21,361 authorships. We used data from the Web of Science to identify articles and their authors, filtering for “articles” and “reviews” only. We used allometric modeling and time series analysis to examine the GPG and forecast gender publication parity.FindingsWe found that the GPG is narrowing, with women’s publication rates growing faster than men’s. Parity in lead authorships has already been achieved or is within reach for many journals, especially in micro domains. However, macro-oriented journals show slower progress, with some not expected to reach parity until 2045 or later. These improvements are linked to increased representation of women in leadership positions and targeted mentoring programs in micro domains.Research limitations/implicationsWhile our study focused on publications, it did not account for citations, which could provide a more comprehensive view of research impact. Future research should explore other journals and different time windows and include citation analysis to understand the GPG and parity further.Practical implicationsThe narrowing GPG is a positive development for organization studies, particularly in micro domains. This progress can mitigate stereotypes about women’s abilities, promote equity in hiring and promotion by considering authorship order and highlight the importance of targeted mentoring programs to reduce barriers for women. Additionally, business schools should identify and address performance situational constraints that disproportionately affect women, using techniques like the critical incidents approach to design effective interventions.Social implicationsThe study’s societal implications include fostering greater gender equity in academic publishing, which can influence broader social norms and reduce gender stereotypes in academia. Achieving gender parity in publications can lead to more equitable hiring, promotion and recognition practices. Additionally, it highlights the importance of removing performance situational constraints and biases that hinder women’s academic progress, thus promoting a more inclusive and fair academic environment. These changes can inspire other fields to implement similar measures, contributing to societal progress toward gender equality.Originality/valueThe study’s originality/value lies in its longitudinal approach to analyzing the GPG in organization studies, contrasting with prior cross-sectional studies. It provides new insights by predicting when gender parity will be achieved in various journals, showing faster progress in micro domains compared to macro domains. Additionally, the study introduces methodological innovations such as allometric modeling and scenario-based analyses, highlighting the importance of reducing situational constraints for women in academia. These findings offer a nuanced understanding of the ongoing efforts and challenges in achieving gender equity in academic publishing.

A Star Is Born or Not: Understanding the Star Emergence Gender Gap

ABSTRACTBuilding on research on star performance, gender, and situational constraints, we introduce a longitudinal process model explaining the gender gap in star emergence. We argue that star emergence is less likely for women than men due to stardom's association with men and masculinity. As a result, situational constraints are more likely to insulate women's performance in terms of knowledge, skills, and abilities development and evaluation (e.g., access to vicarious deliberate practice, biased standards), motivation (e.g., competition intensity, negative interpersonal behavior), and opportunity (e.g., access to high potential tasks, partner supportiveness in the extra‐work environment). We theorize that these factors lead to insulation cycles that reduce the likelihood of women emerging as stars over time. We also offer propositions about mitigators (e.g., strategic diversity goals and influential sponsors) that might attenuate these insulating effects. Finally, we discuss theoretical implications of understanding gender gaps in star emergence (e.g., performance insulation as gender inequity, the importance of a longitudinal perspective, insulation cycles, and star longevity) and practical implications for organizations to create equitable environments for star emergence (e.g., focusing on performance equity and facilitating gender inclusivity). We conclude that greater insight into the role of gender in star performance can also contribute to the broader understanding of gender gaps in organizations.

Evolution-Aware Constraint Derivation Approach for Software Remodularization

Existing software clustering techniques tend to ignore prior knowledge from domain experts, leading to results (suggested big-bang remodularization actions) that cannot be acceptable to developers. Incorporating domain experts knowledge or constraints during clustering ensures the obtained modularization aligns with developers’ perspectives, enhancing software quality. However, manual review by knowledgeable domain experts for constraint generation is time-consuming and labor-intensive. In this article, we propose an evolution-aware constraint derivation approach, Escort , which automatically derives clustering constraints based on the evolutionary history from the analyzed software. Specifically, Escort can serve as an alternative approach to derive implicit and explicit constraints in situations where domain experts are absent. In the subsequent constrained clustering process, Escort can be considered as a framework to help supplement and enhance various unconstrained clustering techniques to improve their accuracy and reliability. We evaluate Escort based on both quantitative and qualitative analysis. In quantitative validation, Escort , using generated clustering constraints, outperforms seven classic unconstrained clustering techniques. Qualitatively, a survey with developers from five IT companies indicates that 89% agree with Escort ’s clustering constraints. We also evaluate the utility of refactoring suggestions from our constrained clustering approach, with 54% acknowledged by project developers, either implemented or planned for future releases.

The influence of situational constraints on in-game penalty kicks in soccer

ABSTRACT This study examined the influence of situational constraints on professional soccer players’ in-match penalty kick performance. Both pre-game and in-game situational constraints were considered. To this end, data on 7,199 penalty kicks from 5 European national leagues between 2008–2009 and 2021–2022 were collected. Hierarchal binary logistic regression analyses were conducted with nine situational factors to predict the kick outcome while controlling for three individual factors. The results revealed that penalty kicks were scored more often in the less prestigious league (Eredivisie). Furthermore, teams who were leading in the second half and players who observed a successful penalty kick from the opponent’s team scored their penalty kicks more often. Finally, players who scored a field goal earlier in the game scored less often. However, the explained variance of logistic regression models was small. The fact that players are hardly affected by situational constraints seems to indicate that there is a successful selection of who is going to take the penalty kick. The conclusion was supported by the supplemental finding that players who took more penalty kicks outperformed the other players. More research into the interplay of situational, individual, and task constraints is needed to predict the outcome of in-game penalty kicks better.

Cultural and Situational Constraints on Undergraduate Students’ Performance of Learner Autonomy in EFL Learning

Cultural and Situational Constraints on Undergraduate Students’ Performance of Learner Autonomy in EFL Learning

Emotion regulation use in daily-life and its association with success of emotion-regulation, self-efficacy, stress, and state rumination.

Investigations on emotion regulation strategies (ERS) primarily focus on the influence of instructed emotion regulation (ER) on outcomes. However, recent work has shown that selection of ERS is dependent on, e.g., situational demands and personal resources. In this current investigation, we used an online diary to investigate ERS used by free choice and their association with ER-success, stress and rumination. We identified four factors of ERS: cognitive perspective change, cognitive-behavioral problem-solving, suppression-distraction and body-social ERS. Associations of ERS with stress, state-rumination and ER-success were investigated using multilevel-mixed-models, allowing to separate within- and between-subject effects. Our results show that, on a within-subject level, all adaptive ERS were positively associated with ER-success, while maladaptive ERS as well as higher stress and state rumination were negatively associated with ER-success. On the other hand, only within-subject cognitive ERS were associated with higher self-efficacy. Maladaptive ERS-use was consequently positively associated with stress and state rumination. Surprisingly, only cognitive perspective change ERS were negatively associated with state rumination. Cognitive-behavioral problem-solving was positively associated with stress and success of emotion regulation. We interpret these results in the light of situational constraints of ERS-use and the importance of the assessment of these in future studies.

Dewey’s Peircean aesthetics: An exegesis and its upshot for sociology

Pragmatist-informed work in sociological theory ritualistically references John Dewey (1859–1952), among others, as a foundational pragmatist theorist. Yet sociological theorists have barely scratched the surface of what philosophers who specialize in Dewey’s work such as Thomas Alexander and Richard Shusterman see as central to his thought, namely, his aesthetics. While in recent years some have drawn attention to Dewey’s aesthetics, this area of his work remains little known within sociology. Even less known is the extent to which Dewey’s aesthetics bears significant resemblances to the thought of Charles S. Peirce (1839–1914). I offer an exegesis of Dewey’s aesthetics, underscoring the roles of quality, emotion, and continuity in it and in Peircean thought alike. Understanding Dewey’s aesthetics in a Peircean key, I argue, calls for shifting theoretical attention from how people “problem solve” to get what they want or engage in “creative action” to transcend their situational constraints, to when, why, and how people, including sociologists ourselves, might engage problematic situations as mediums for transformation, as aesthetic experiences in potential. Further, it brings into focus the importance of potentiality for sociological research.

The Self-Control of Eating.

Many individuals struggle to regulate their own consumption of food. Beginning with general theories of self-control, we review psychological factors that have been shown to influence the regulation of eating, including those related to particular personality variables, such as external eating, restrained eating, and reward sensitivity, as well as situational constraints, including normative influences, emotions, and calorie deprivation. Strategies for the self-control of eating, including reappraisal, effortful inhibition, and various automatic strategies are also reviewed, along with a discussion of the strengths and limitations of historical and contemporary psychological studies investigating food consumption. Whereas extensive examinations of food preferences and body weight have appeared in the psychological literature, we call for more robust research that prioritizes actual eating as the primary dependent measure.

The Community Narrative Space of Yim Tin Tsai in Hong Kong: A Study of Multi-Involvement Based on Domain Theory

Traditional villages are typical forms of farming settlements, which concentrate the essence of vernacular civilization. However, with the evolution of urbanization and modernization, the desire of villagers to improve their living standards is increasingly in conflict with the preservation of the authenticity of villages, calling for the innovation of village governance means. Based on this, this study attempts to highlight the role of multiple subjects participating in excavating the plural value of the traditional communities, in the hope of consolidating the sustained intrinsic motivation for the conservation. By using the domain theory, this study takes Yim Tin Tsai Art Village in Sai Kung, Hong Kong, as a case study to focus on the community involvement mode embodied in its revitalization and restoration plan. Through exploring the formation of cultural habitus, the logic, and the influencing factors of subject interaction, intending to provide references for addressing existing situational constraints and achieving overall development.

Conferencing together in social virtual reality: Bringing agency back into affordances-based approaches in communication scholarship

Technological advancements allow embodied and synchronous communication via social virtual reality (VR), where multiple users interact as avatars in a shared virtual space. However, the affordances of social VR and how users interact with them have been underexplored. We expand the discourse on media affordances by emphasizing user agency in strategic media choices for overcoming constraints in physical and virtual worlds. We qualitatively investigated user experiences of a social VR platform. Findings from semi-structured interviews (N = 28) revealed that media selection is determined through a dynamic relationship between platforms designed to encourage action possibilities and users strategically leveraging media affordances to overcome situational constraints of their physical environment.

Institutional design and moral conflict in health care priority-setting.

Priority-setting policy-makers often face moral and political pressure to balance the conflicting motivations of efficiency and rescue/non-abandonment. Using the conflict between these motivations as a case study can enrich the understanding of institutional design in developed democracies. This essay presents a cognitive-psychological account of the conflict between efficiency and rescue/non-abandonment in health care priority-setting. It then describes three sets of institutional arrangements-in Australia, England/Wales, and Germany, respectively-that contend with this conflict in interestingly different ways. The analysis yields at least three implications for institutional design in developed democracies: (1) indeterminacy at the level of moral psychology can increase the probability of indeterminacy at the level of institutional design; (2) situational constraints in effect require priority-setting policy-makers to adopt normative-moral pluralism; and (3) the U.S. health care system may be in an anti-priority-setting equilibrium.

Modelling situated intent for human-autonomy teaming: a human-centric approach

Entering an era where humans and synthetic agents are supposed to collaborate and cooperate, adequate models of human intent are crucial for coordinated teamwork. Unfortunately, although there is a need for such models, the concept of intent is ambiguous and approaches to model intent from a human-centric perspective are scarce. Building upon theoretical and methodological foundations, this study aims to address these gaps by presenting a conceptualisation of intent alongside an approach. Specifically, leveraging the six levels of cognitive control outlined in the Joint Control Framework, a provisional model of human intent alongside a defined and operationalised concept is presented. Building on these foundations, a novel approach is proposed. Utilising seven scenario-based interviews, the value of these contributions is demonstrated through an example case in the context of Manned-Unmanned Teaming. It is concluded that intent should be understood as a multi-faceted concept shaped by situated constraints, where intent is formed through a commitment to choices by context-situation and means-end reasoning. It is also concluded that the approach is useful, particularly since it can glean insights from choices considered and committed, both being essential in the design of synthetic teammates’ capability to adapt to their human partner’s agency.

Future-readiness and its educational implications: A Daoist interpretation

This paper explores the extent to which our past and present knowledge can help us to be future-ready, and suggests a theoretical basis for future-readiness. Drawing on the thought of the Daoist philosopher Zhuangzi, it is argued that future-readiness is primarily about having an open and flexible mindset where one responds appropriately to emerging realities and challenges. Two salient key Daoist principles that underpin the notion of future-readiness are ‘walking two roads’ ( liang xing) and ‘rightness of the present this’ ( yin shi). The former is about going beyond shi/fei distinctions – ‘this/right’ versus ‘not-this/wrong’ – to consider and harmonise alternatives to achieve the best possible outcome. The principle of ‘rightness of the present this’ refers to making the most appropriate response based on situational constraints. The major educational implications are a rejection of limiting teaching and learning to skills-centred education; an emphasis on unlearning; and the promotion of self-transformative education.

Does a self-reported sleep duration reflect actigraphy reported sleep duration in female football players?

ABSTRACT Sleep is often compromised in female athletes, and the monitoring of female athletes' sleep is an important preventative and educational tool. With self-reporting of sleep common practice for athletes as part of a daily wellness assessment, there is a need to understand whether sleep indices are being reported accurately, and thus whether self-report data are useful. This study aimed to compare the agreement between self-reported and actigraphy reported sleep duration in female football players, with the intention of informing best practice for athlete monitoring. Twenty-two female footballers (mean age 19.5 ± 1.3 years) provided a daily self-report across 7 days, whilst also wearing an actigraph across the same testing period. Agreement between the two measures was assessed using Bland-Altman limits of agreement, with acceptable limits of agreement defined as <30 minutes. Results showed evident disagreement between the two methods, with a mean bias of −0.54 (32 min, 95% CI −0.66 to −0.43) and a potential disagreement range of over 2 h (Lower 95% limits of agreement −1.49 to upper 95% limits of agreement 0.40). Coaches using self-reported sleep durations as a monitoring tool for female footballers should interpret the results with caution and be aware of the potential for inaccuracies in this measure. As such, where possible, coaches should consider other methods of sleep monitoring, rather than solely relying on a self-report, to ensure they are operating with optimal practice within situational constraints.

The dynamic behaviour of ORC-based power units fed by exhaust gases of internal combustion engines in mobile applications

Exhaust gases Waste Heat Recovery (WHR) in Internal Combustion Engines (ICEs) performed through ORC-based Power Units (ORC-bPU) ensures a reduction of fuel consumption and consequently CO2 emissions. Nevertheless, high fluctuations of hot source push the ORC-bPU to work frequently in severe off-design conditions. Hence, a deep knowledge of the unit dynamic behaviour is fundamental to develop control and operating strategies allowing to achieve a successful recovery. Dynamic response assessment of ORC-bPUs has been treated in literature but making mainly reference to theoretical approaches or to variations of input variables without considering the matching to the engine and the necessary constraints which are present in a real mobile application. Moreover, Moving Boundary (MB) models are generally used as theoretical tools to support the dynamic analysis focusing the attention on Heat Recovery Vapor Generator (HRVG) which rules the plant dynamic response. In MB models, boundary conditions at the HRVG exit are mainly fixed by the expander and by the remaining circuit. To date, the attention was focused on the presence as expander of dynamic machines (turbine), deserving an evident lower attention to volumetric expanders nonetheless their higher suitability for low-medium scale ORC applications (few kWs). To fill these knowledge gaps, a novel approach is pursued in the present paper. The dynamic response of an ORC-bPU was experimentally observed for a step change of torque and revolution speed of an ICE directly connected to the recovery unit. The variation of engine operating conditions produced an unsteady variation of the temperature and flow rate of the exhaust gas feeding the unit. The dynamics of the engine and the connecting pipes is considered as well as all the typical constraints of a real situation. Results show HRVG and exhaust pipe ruling the dynamic behaviour of the unit, leading to long time constant and raising time of gas temperature of 150 s and 300 s respectively. These results show that the unit almost always works in transient conditions being engine torque and speed variations very fast. Nevertheless, thanks to the self-regulation capacity and the robustness of the scroll expander, the unit reacts in a satisfactory way. A further novelty of the present study concerns the integration of the widely used Moving Boundary (MB) approach with Permeability theory which considers the presence of a volumetric expander and all the ither downstream components, finding a match not available in literature between the HRVG and a volumetric expander and pump. The results of the new Permeability-Moving Boundary model (P-MB) was compared with those of a more comprehensive mathematical model. The comparisons show a comparable accuracy and a significantly lower computational time achieved with P-MB. Hence, P-MB could be implemented on board to set up control strategies enhancing the recovery tuned by a model-based approach.

Resourcefulness Enactment: The Sensemaking Process Underpinning Resourceful Actions

Prior research highlights how entrepreneurs depend on resourceful actions to overcome constraints in value-creation situations. Yet, most resourcefulness research has examined its external manifestations. To complement this, I examine the cognitive and embodied sensemaking process that underpins resourceful actions. Using an autoethnography of a 1430-mile mountain bike ride across South Africa, I distill a microfoundational sensemaking perspective underpinning resourcefulness, highlighting how actors who confront resource-constrained situations find creative ways to overcome such constraints to move forward in their endeavors. Furthermore, I specify how resourcefulness is impacted by priming, learning, and contagion within a challenging context.

Results from rough data? The large-scale study of early modern historiography with multi-dimensional register analysis

&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D; Multi-dimensional register analysis is a methodology which can be used to extract functional dimensions from a set of texts. These dimensions describe various functional differences between the set of texts. The differences can be due to various situational constraints related to the production of the text, or they can be related to differences in the author’s intent and communicative purpose. While this methodology has seen considerable use in contemporary linguistics, it has been less used in historical linguistics, and even less so in history, even though the ability to differentiate between various textual functions in historical data would be extremely useful and interesting from the point of view of a historian. In this paper, we perform a pilot study of multi-dimensional register analysis on a subset of texts from Eighteenth Century Collections Online (ECCO). In particular, our goal is to find out whether this kind of analysis is possible in the first place, or if it is hindered too much to be useful by the low quality of the ECCO data produced by optical character recognition (OCR). To do this, we first perform the analysis on ECCO data, after which we compare the results with results from running the same analysis on the same set of texts from ECCO-TCP, a manually cleaned subset of ECCO data. Our results show that not only are the results from the ECCO analysis interpretable, but they are also highly similar with the results from ECCO-TCP. Multi-dimensional register analysis appears to be a very promising and robust method which can work well even with low-quality data.&#x0D; &#x0D; &#x0D;

Overcoming the Global Economic Crisis in The Perspective of Islamic Finance

This paper makes a connection between the global financial crisis and an Islamic financial model. The goal is to downplay the severity and frequency of the financial crisis by sharing risk among financial participants. This is accomplished through a system of shared credit creation. When purchasing real goods and services from people who have them and need to sell, people are given access to credit that they can use to buy what they need. Both sellers and buyers want to receive delivery of their purchased items, so the system creates economic growth through increased credit availability. Studying Islamic finance literature allows people to explore the possibilities and restrictions of inherited situations. This leads to new financial design solutions for the current financial crisis as well as future financial collapses. It also uses critical thinking and analysis to create new possibilities and constraints in situations. New financial systems should use a business model based on shared profits and losses. This was based on academic studies and doesn’t include any real-world testing. By incorporating Islamic financial principles into business practices, a new financial model could help finance businesses. This alternate system for the banking system could help control our financial system and encourage economic growth through more controlled credit expansion TRANSLATE with x EnglishArabicHebrewPolishBulgarianHindiPortugueseCatalanHmong DawRomanianChinese SimplifiedHungarianRussianChinese TraditionalIndonesianSlovakCzechItalianSlovenianDanishJapaneseSpanishDutchKlingonSwedishEnglishKoreanThaiEstonianLatvianTurkishFinnishLithuanianUkrainianFrenchMalayUrduGermanMalteseVietnameseGreekNorwegianWelshHaitian CreolePersian // TRANSLATE with COPY THE URL BELOW Back EMBED THE SNIPPET BELOW IN YOUR SITE Enable collaborative features and customize widget: Bing Webmaster PortalBack// This page is in English Translate to Indonesian AfrikaansAlbanianAmharicArabicArmenianAzerbaijaniBengaliBulgarianCatalanCroatianCzechDanishDutchEnglishEstonianFinnishFrenchGermanGreekGujaratiHaitian CreoleHebrewHindiHungarianIcelandicIndonesianItalianJapaneseKannadaKazakhKhmerKoreanKurdish (Kurmanji)LaoLatvianLithuanianMalagasyMalayMalayalamMalteseMaoriMarathiMyanmar (Burmese)NepaliNorwegianPashtoPersianPolishPortuguesePunjabiRomanianRussianSamoanSimplified ChineseSlovakSlovenianSpanishSwedishTamilTeluguThaiTraditional ChineseTurkishUkrainianUrduVietnameseWelsh Always translate English to IndonesianPRO Never translate English Never translate ejournal.iainpalopo.ac.id

‘Should I Go or Should I Stay?’ Why Do Romanians Choose the Bulgarian Seaside for Their Summer Holiday?

Until 2020, sea and sun destinations all over the world experienced a surge in the number of tourists, including those in Central and Eastern European countries. During and after the pandemic period, changes in the main source markets took place. Consequently, this paper aims to analyze the main reasons Romanian tourists choose a destination on the Romanian or Bulgarian seaside for their holiday, using semi-structured interviews with tourists and subsequently the narrative analysis technique. The results indicate that their reasons fall into four categories, namely: (i) hedonistic consumption (available products and services, amenities, and the physical environment); (ii) functional value (value for money, subsidies, quality of services, accessibility, and convenience); (iii) tourist hesitation (situational constraints and perceived risks); and (iv) social value. Additionally, based on their choices, we identified five main categories of tourists—two of them include tourists who travel to the Bulgarian resorts either due to the perceived higher quality of services or because it is the cheapest option, while the remaining three categories refer to tourists choosing the Romanian seaside. Implications for Romanian stakeholders are also discussed.

The influence of situational strength on the relation of personality and situational judgment test performance

AbstractSituational strength theory has been used as a theoretical underpinning of person–situation processes that are linked to job performance. Accordingly, the link between personality traits and job performance increases in weak situations. Building on this research, similar mechanisms have been proposed for simulation‐based selection tools, such as Situational Judgment Tests (SJTs), to explain how these measures work as predictors of job performance. However, underlying processes of SJT performance are subject to debate with some scholars arguing in favor of context‐independent processes while others maintain that situations play an essential role. This study (N = 707) examined whether the strength of situations in SJT items moderated the relation between personality and SJT performance. Results did not support the notion that personality is more strongly related to SJT performance when situations are weak. In fact, for some traits, the opposite may be true as more situational constraints led to an increase in the relation of extraversion, emotional stability, and SJT performance. The results add to an increasing body of research about psychological processes in SJTs. Limitations and implications for research and practice are discussed.