The Herglotz-type vakonomic dynamics of nonholonomic constrained systems with delayed arguments and its Noether theory are studied in this paper. First of all, the Herglotz-type equations of time-delayed vakonomic dynamics for nonholonomic systems are established, and the Herglotz-type local extremal equations are given. Secondly, on the basis of derivation of the variational formulas of Hamilton–Herglotz action with time delay, the Herglotz-type Noether symmetry criteria for time-delayed vakonomic dynamics are investigated. Thirdly, the Herglotz-type Noether’s theorems and inverse theorems for time-delayed vakonomic dynamics of nonholonomic systems are deduced. Finally, an example is presented to demonstrate the application of the results.