Experiments are designed to study the effect of soil clogging by microbial-induced calcite precipitation in the short term, and the differences clogging effect under different nutrient solution. Based on the constant head permeability test, microbial-induced calcite precipitation were performed in 2 groups of sand columns, where potato soup and nutrient solution (potato-Co(NH<sub>2</sub>)<sub>2</sub>-CaCl<sub>2</sub>) were added. Changing trends of the hydraulic conductivity were presented by measuring piezometer readings regularly and soil micro-pore structure change was observed by scanning electron microscopy. Results show that clogging effects can be received for supply of potato soup and nutrient solution in order for the growth of microorganisms. The hydraulic conductivity of sand columns added potato soup could be reduced by 83.64% in 10 days, while that of sand columns added nutrient solution could be down to 99.14%. A piece of membrane material was observed, which made soil immersed in nutrient solution bond together. Few changes took place at the surface of soil that was immersed in potato soup and the soil was still in the decentralized state. Tests showed that microbial plugging technology is able to improve soil properties in a short time, achieve effective clogging, and clogging effect remains stable within a certain time.