Constant Population Growth Research Articles

Evolution of the development of "capsule hotels" - modern temporary accommodation facilities

The article examines the process of evolution of temporary accommodation facilities called “capsule hotels”. The issue of the history of the evolution of hotels as a general trend is traced separately. The process of emergence and development of the capsule concept in architecture is studied. The emergence and development of capsule hotels is the result of the search by architects and engineers for a solution that would ensure the saving of space, its maximum use for the purpose of temporary accommodation for as many people as possible. It is not surprising that their appearance took place precisely in Japan - a country whose territory is limited to four main islands and several hundred small islets with a total area of 378,000 square kilometers, whose population in the 1970s, due to the rapid growth of the economy in the previous 20 years, crossed the 100 million mark. However, today the problem of overpopulation has become global, as well as ecological and climatic problems: it is necessary to minimize the use of resources and this can be done, including by reducing the space at the design stage. It should also be added the development of the global hotel industry, a number of social and economic challenges, the development of technology, and, as a result, the change in visitor requests: all these factors cause a wide discussion of the future of these temporary accommodation facilities. Analysis of the emergence and development of capsule hotels is necessary to understand the prospects for the development of this type of temporary accommodation facilities. The first known examples of capsule buildings and, separately, capsule hotels are analyzed, and the peculiarities of their architectural and planning organization are established. Examples of foreign experience in the design of capsule hotels over the past 50 years are given, and trends in the development of capsule hotels in Ukraine are highlighted. Prospects for the development of capsule hotels in the future are analyzed. In conditions of constant population growth in large cities, and, as a result, limited space for consumers, capsule hotels are a solution for providing cheap and affordable temporary housing. They can be either a separate facility for temporary accommodation in the city center, or located in an open space, or integrated with airports or railway stations.

Impact of environmental knowledge, responsibility and concern on sustainable consumption behavior: does customer attitude matter?

PurposeThe constant population growth and inappropriate consumption patterns have led to abnormal use of the earth's capacities, destruction of natural resources, enormous spread of diseases, and increased waste materials. Thus, these issues should be highlighted to avoid serious problems for the earth. Accordingly, this study examines the effect of environmental knowledge (EK), environmental responsibility (ER), and environmental concern (EC) on sustainable consumption behavior (SCB), with the mediating role of customer attitude (CA).Design/methodology/approachThe present applied study is descriptive-correlational. The statistical population includes customers of Hyperstar stores located in Tehran. Overall, a sample size of 384 people was selected based on Cochran's formula. The data were collected using standard questionnaires and analyzed using structural equation modeling and Smart PLS version 3 software.FindingsThe fit of the proposed model was confirmed at measurement, structural, and general levels. Thus, it indicates that the structural model has an acceptable fit. Furthermore, the findings emphasize that ER and EC have a positive effect on CA, and ER and EC have a positive impact on SCB. ER and EC have a positive effect on SCB through the mediation of CA, while EK does not have any significant effect on SCB but EK has an effect on SCB through the mediation of CA.Originality/valueGiven the growth of environmental destruction, it is necessary to consider the change of CA toward buying sustainable products. Therefore, this study pays attention to the mediating role of attitude and examines the effects of EK, EC, and ER that cause SCB among customers of Hyperstars.

Innovations in Solar-Powered Desalination: A Comprehensive Review of Sustainable Solutions for Water Scarcity in the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) Region

Water scarcity poses significant challenges in arid regions like the Middle East and North Africa (MENA) due to constant population growth, considering the effects of climate change and water management aspects. The desalination technologies face problems like high energy consumption, high investment costs, and significant environmental impacts by brine discharge. This paper researches the relationships among water scarcity, energy-intensive desalination, and the development of renewable energy in MENA, with a particular focus on the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. It examines innovations in solar-powered desalination, considering both solar photovoltaic (PV) and solar thermal technologies, in combination with traditional thermal desalination methods such as multi-effect distillation (MED) and multi-stage flash (MSF). The environmental impacts associated with desalination by brine discharge are also discussed, analyzing innovative technological solutions and avoidance strategies. Utilizing bibliometrics, this report provides a comprehensive analysis of scientific literature for the assessment of the research landscape in order to recognize trends in desalination technologies in the MENA region, providing valuable insights into emerging technologies and research priorities. Despite challenges such as high initial investment costs, technical complexities, and limited funding for research and development, the convergence of water scarcity and renewable energy presents significant opportunities for integrated desalination systems in GCC countries. Summarizing, this paper emphasizes the importance of interdisciplinary approaches and international collaboration by addressing the complex challenges of water scarcity and energy sustainability in the MENA region. By leveraging renewable energy sources and advancing desalination technologies, the region can achieve water security while mitigating environmental impacts and promoting economic development.

Feeding a Membrane-less Microbial Fuel Cell by Mixed Municipal and Industrial Wastewater

Due to the constant growth of the world's population, the amount of generated wastewater is also constantly increasing. One of the devices that can use wastewater as a raw material for energy production is a microbial fuel cell (MFC). MFCs technology is constantly evolving. However, to increase its use, it is necessary to improve its efficiency. There are various possibilities to ensure this, such as the use of new electrode materials, new cell designs, or the use of wastewaters from different sources. In this paper the analysis of MFC operation (cell voltage, power, and current density) fed by mixed municipal and industrial wastewaters was shown. Moreover, the change in time of COD was analyzed. Due to cost reduction the membrane-less microbial fuel cell (ML-MFC) was chosen. It was noted that the addition of concentrated process wastewater increases the COD reduction time in the ML-MFC. An increase of generated bioelectricity during fed ML-MFC by mixed municipal and industrial (process wastewater from yeast production) wastewater was demonstrated. The highest values of average cell voltage (598 mV), maximum power (4.47 mW) and maximum current density (0.26 mA·cm-2) were obtained for a 10% share of yeast process wastewater in the mixed wastewater, which fed the ML-MFC.

Optimization of decision support systems in agriculture using AI: an integrated approach

Contemporary agriculture faces critical challenges in terms of sustainability and efficiency, in the context of constantpopulation growth and the need for environmentally responsible agricultural practices. This study addresses theapplication of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in the optimization of Decision Support Systems (SSD) for agriculture, with theaim of improving crop management and resource utilization. By integrating machine learning methods andimplementing predictive models, crop productivity was analyzed under various environmental conditions. The resultsdemonstrate improved accuracy in yield prediction, with a 15% increase in water and fertilizer use efficiency compared toconventional techniques. The research also reveals a significant increase in scientific collaboration and publication in thisfield since 2018, highlighting the importance of AI in the future of sustainable agriculture. The study's findings underlinethe potential of AI-based SSDs to transform agriculture, promoting more efficient and sustainable practices that canadapt to global challenges.

Physiological Effects of Microbial Biocontrol Agents in the Maize Phyllosphere.

In a world with constant population growth, and in the context of climate change, the need to supply the demand of safe crops has stimulated an interest in ecological products that can increase agricultural productivity. This implies the use of beneficial organisms and natural products to improve crop performance and control pests and diseases, replacing chemical compounds that can affect the environment and human health. Microbial biological control agents (MBCAs) interact with pathogens directly or by inducing a physiological state of resistance in the plant. This involves several mechanisms, like interference with phytohormone pathways and priming defensive compounds. In Argentina, one of the world's main maize exporters, yield is restricted by several limitations, including foliar diseases such as common rust and northern corn leaf blight (NCLB). Here, we discuss the impact of pathogen infection on important food crops and MBCA interactions with the plant's immune system, and its biochemical indicators such as phytohormones, reactive oxygen species, phenolic compounds and lytic enzymes, focused mainly on the maize-NCLB pathosystem. MBCA could be integrated into disease management as a mechanism to improve the plant's inducible defences against foliar diseases. However, there is still much to elucidate regarding plant responses when exposed to hemibiotrophic pathogens.

Assessment of the energy consumption of indoor farming for different climates and lighting system intensity

Nowadays, due to the energy, water, and arable land crises, as well as the constant global population growth and urbanization, water, energy, and food sources are strongly linked to each other, and a comprehensive analysis including all the influencing factors has to be carried out. In this context, the need to improve the energy performance of traditional cultivation systems, as well as to develop alternative and innovative ones, is causing a shift in interest from greenhouses to indoor farming methods (such as vertical farms) in the agricultural sector. In fact, they allow for completely controlled crop production without the use of chemical pesticides. Moreover, their productivity is independent of external conditions and improved compared to traditional systems. However, their energy consumption is larger than that of greenhouses. To evaluate the techno-economic feasibility of such systems, a comprehensive model of a vertical farm, including air conditioning, lighting systems, and plant evapotranspiration, has been developed to quantify the energy share for the different elements of the system (air conditioning and lighting) and to relate the energy consumption to the kilogram of produced crop, analysing exclusively the growth phase. The analysis is carried out for different cities and considers different scenarios in terms of lighting and electricity costs.

MODELING LONG-TERM HUMAN POPULATION DYNAMICS USING KERNEL DENSITY ANALYSIS OF 14C DATA IN THE ATACAMA DESERT (18º–21ºS)

ABSTRACTFood production is one of the most significant achievements in Andean history. The domestication of plants and animals presented an enormous challenge, relating to changing technologies, settlement patterns, and social organization. This paper aims to assess Atacama Desert population dynamics and their relationship to the domestication of plants and animals through chronological modeling using kernel density estimation on radiocarbon (14C) dates, assuming that a higher 14C probability density is related to more intense human occupation. The analysis is based on a 14C dataset comprising 1003 14C dates (between 11,000 and 150 BP) from 243 archaeological sites in the Arica and Tarapacá regions of northern Chile, collected from published data. We observed two population-dynamics inflection points for these regions. First, starting at ca. 3000 BP, constant population growth occurred, which was related to horticulture in the Arica region and to agriculture in the Tarapacá region. Second, between ca. 1000 and 400 BP, a general population rise occurred due to the consolidation of intensive agriculture in the lowlands and precordillera altitudinal belts in both regions and the integration of the coast and the altiplano into macro-regional population dynamics.

RETRACTED: Recent developments in metal/metalloid nanomaterials for battery applications; a comparative review

The global energy demand and consumption have upgraded greatly due to constant population and economic growth. The reinforced investment into solar energy, bioenergy, many other possible fuel technologies, and cost-effective energy storage devices have gained more attention to overcome energy crises. The concept of addressing such a principal challenge latest energy storage devices seems impracticable. To modify and store discontinuous electric output, rechargeable batteries have prompted intensive consideration as stable electrochemical energy storage implements. This review focuses on the prospective of nanotechnology in batteries, particularly with a study of metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles due to their superb physical and chemical properties. In this review, we present a survey of the recent futuristic in metal/metalloid-based materials synthesis, with recent and past advancements in the field. The socioeconomic and scientific benefits are also highlighted. It will explore the comprehensive reason why metal/metalloid nanomaterials are preferred over the conventional graphitic anode due to superb columbic efficacy, long-term stability, and safety. This review article sheds light on the comparison of metal/metalloid nanoparticles including metal–organic framework (MOF), metal alloy, metal oxide, and graphene/metal nanomaterials for electrochemical applications. This review describes the recent research progress during the duration of 2015–2021 in metal/metalloid nanomaterials. The attraction of this review is that it accumulates all the recent data in a single framework which will explore a novel idea for researchers. In concluding the study future challenges for the development of potential batteries with metal/metalloid-based nanoparticles are addressed.

Система расселения Монголии и ее опорный каркас: особенности, динамика, эффекты

The peculiarities of the hierarchy of administrative-territorial division and the system of settlements of Mongolia are revealed. Somons (330 in total) – the second level of this division - were accepted as the initial territorial units of the study. The dynamics for 1980-2021 of the population of the country as a whole is considered, the trends of changes in the number and proportion of urban (including Ulaanbaatar) and rural (including nomadic) populations are clarified. It is established that the main demographic indicators of Mongolia are significantly more favorable than similar indicators of neighboring Siberian regions of Russia. A significant differentiation of population dynamics by somons and urban settlements over the past two decades has been revealed. It is determined that in conditions of constant natural population growth, an important contribution to the formation of its territorial structure was made by the migration factor, primarily migration from rural areas to the capital and individual aimag centers. The basic framework of settlement is highlighted, which is formed by the capital and the centers of the aimags (as nodal elements) and the railways connecting them and the main national paved roads (as linear elements). A high effect of the importance of linear elements of the frame (highways) has been established for the concentration of the population of Mongolia. At the same time, the size of the effect of saving actual distances in the framework of the country compared to the theoretical ones is insignificant, which indicates a relatively uniform placement of centers compared, for example, with a more heterogeneous Siberia. The main problems of the settlement system of Mongolia and its supporting framework are formulated, possible directions of their solution in the future are outlined.

Growing threat of unempolyment and indian perspective

Unemployment as growing threat, every year more youth are entering into the competition world for jobs and better life. But constant population growth, improper skills set deceases the chances of employment in youth not only economy of state affects but also social and harmony of society affects.

A major shift in U.S. land development avoids significant losses in forest and agricultural land

Land development, which typically results from the conversion of lands previously in agricultural and forest uses, is one of the most fundamental ways in which humans impact the natural environment. We study the remarkable decline in land development rates across the conterminous United States over the period 2000–2015, which occurred after development rates had grown rapidly over the last two decades of the 20th century. Despite relatively constant population growth since 1980, we find that the current annual rate of land development has declined consistently across several stratifications of the U.S. land base and amounts to less than 25% of the peak rate observed in the mid-late 1990s, implying that the developed land base of the U.S. has become increasingly dense in recent years. We show that the widespread shift in land development rates resulted in 7 million acres of avoided land development, roughly half of which would have come from conversions of forested lands. Panel data econometric estimation indicates that growth in development over the last two decades of the 20th century was driven by falling gas prices (an important component of commuting costs) and, to a lesser extent, rising incomes. Since 2000, however, income growth has been stagnant while gas prices have risen sharply, and we find that the latter has played a larger role in shaping the recent shift towards denser development. Results illustrate an often overlooked effect of how rising gas prices can indirectly avoid losses in forest and agricultural land by reducing developed land-use change.

Archaeological landscape, settlement dynamics, and sociopolitical organization in the Chactún area of the central Maya Lowlands.

Until recently, an extensive area in the central lowlands of the Yucatán peninsula was completely unexplored archaeologically. In 2013 and 2014, during initial surveys in the northern part of the uninhabited Calakmul Biosphere Reserve in eastern Campeche, Mexico, we located Chactún, Tamchén and Lagunita, three major Maya centers with some unexpected characteristics. Lidar data, acquired in 2016 for a larger area of 240 km2, revealed a thoroughly modified and undisturbed archaeological landscape with a remarkably large number of residential clusters and widespread modifications related to water management and agriculture. Substantial additional information was obtained through field surveys and test excavations in 2017 and 2018. While hydraulic and agricultural features and their potential for solving various archaeologically relevant questions were discussed in a previous publication, here we examine the characteristics of settlement patterns, architectural remains, sculpted monuments, and ceramic evidence. The early Middle Preclassic (early first millennium BCE) material collected in stratigraphic pits at Tamchén and another locale constitutes the earliest evidence of colonization known so far in a broader central lowland area. From then until the Late Classic period, which was followed by a dramatic demographic decline, the area under study witnessed relatively constant population growth and interacted with different parts of the Maya Lowlands. However, a number of specific and previously unknown cultural traits attest to a rather distinctive regional development, providing novel information about the extent of regional variation within the Maya culture. By analyzing settlement pattern characteristics, inscriptional data, the distribution of architectural volumes and some other features of the currently visible archaeological landscape, which largely reflects the Late Classic situation, we reconstruct several aspects of sociopolitical and territorial organization in that period, highlighting similarities with and differences from what has been evidenced in the neighboring Río Bec region and elsewhere in the Maya area.

Socioeconomic geography of climate change views in Europe

Climate change views have their socioeconomic foundations but also specific geographies. In merging these perspectives, this analysis uses ESS Round 8 data from 23 European countries to examine whether climate change scepticism and concern, pro-environmental personal norm and a willingness to engage in energy-saving behaviour exhibit, first, urban–rural and/or regional differences, and second, if these attitudes can be explained at individual level by socioeconomic position and wellbeing resources. We find that climate change scepticism and concern do exhibit urban–rural differences, where living in a country village is associated with greater climate scepticism and lower concern compared to living in a big city. Also, higher climate change concern and pro-environmental norms are associated with living in a region with constant population growth. These geographical differences are independent of individual-level socioeconomic attributes as well as one’s political orientation. Additionally, the results show that both climate change attitudes and reporting energy-saving behaviour are strongly stratified by level of education and reveal that those in lower income deciles feel less pro-environmental norm but nonetheless report greater engagement with energy-saving behaviour. In sum, the results highlight that climate change mitigation is not a uniform project either spatially or within certain socioeconomic strata. Hence, our results suggest that socioeconomic disadvantage (belonging to the lowest education and income levels) and spatial marginalisation (living in more rural surroundings and declining regions) should be better acknowledged when reworking climate change and environmental policies in the EU.

Alicia Torres Rodriguez

This document analyzes some strategies based on the Supply Management Model for the supply of drinking water to the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area. To do this, the behavior of variables related to policies focused on supply management is examined, such as the design of projects and construction of hydraulic infrastructure by official institutions and based on the investments made, an analysis method is established to determine the impact of the sunken cost generated as a result of not making use of the infrastructure works already built. As part of the water management model based on demand, some strategies for the efficient use of this resource are integrated, through alternatives of water-saving technologies to be implemented in the field of domestic use.It is concluded that water management models historically in Mexico and particularly in the Guadalajara Metropolitan Area (zmg) have been using water resources associated with supply policies where the institutional argument has been based on the fact that to satisfy the growing demand for water due to the constant population growth, the construction of new supply sources is essential, without taking into account other alternative solutions.

Population Fluctuation of Disonycha teapensis Blake (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in Crotalaria longirostrata Hook. & Arn. (Fabales: Fabaceae) in Huimanguillo, Tabasco, Mexico

Objective: To establish the population fluctuation of Disonycha teapensis adults and larvae and to determine its relationship with the amount of damaged foliage, temperature, and precipitation. Methodology: The study was carried out in a n=48 Crotalaria longirostrata plant crop. The following data was recorded every week: number of adults and larvae, damaged leaflets percentage, plant phenology, temperature, and precipitation. Based on these data, monthly averages were calculated, and correlation analysis were performed between the population fluctuation of D. teapensis and the fluctuation of the damaged foliage percentage, temperature, and precipitation. Results: All the phenological stages of C. longirostrata were affected by the pest, which showed a constant population growth. The population fluctuation resembled the fluctuation of the damaged foliage percentage, with a significant positive correlation between both variables. Regarding temperature and precipitation, the correlation was negative but not significant; therefore, the relationship between population fluctuation and these climatic factors is not clear. Study Limitations: It was not possible to conduct the study for a full year. Conclusions: The population development of D. teapensis depends on the increase in the amount of foliage of its host plant. This insect attacks plants in all their phenological stages and the amount of damaged foliage is considerable.

The value of the crop ‘Crambe abyssinica’ (Crambe Abyssinica) and its productivity in various countries of the world (review)

The constant growth of urbanization and population of the planet are driving to a global energy growth. At the same time, society is increasingly aware of the consequences of environmental problems due to climate change and active extraction of fossil fuels. Biodiesel is intended to make a significant contribution to the future energy needs of the economies of developed countries. In this regard, the oilseed crop Crambe abyssinica attracts attention as an energy culture. The purpose of the current study was to identify the possible areas of the use of Crambe abyssinica and to collect data on the crop productivity in the world on the basis of bibliometric analysis. The current paper has described the range of possibilities for using Crambe abyssinica, mainly for non-food aim, namely in cosmetics, perfumery, in technical industry, as an adsorbent for wastewater, etc. There has been established that Crambe abyssinica produc[1]tivity in the world, depending on the region of cultivation, varies within significant limits from 0.6 to 5 t/ha and varies greatly due to climatic conditions. There has been shown that the productivity of the domestic varieties of Crambe abyssinica ‘Polet’, ‘Demetra’ and ‘Arfa’ produces 3.06-3.22 t/ha in the Middle Volga region, 1.45 t/ha in the Saratov region, 0.54–1.55 t/ha in the Crimea. The diversity of crop genotypes has indicated that there are wide opportunities for further breeding improvement in the varieties possessing better fatty acid composition using advanced methods to modify existing genetic resources.

ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF INNOVATION OF INTENSIVE CROPS GROWING IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION, DIGITALIZATION AND LAND MARKET FORMATION

Introduction. The article considers the issues of ecological and economic efficiency of innovation of intensive agricultural crops cultivation in the conditions of globalization, digitalization and formation of the land market. Based on the study, it was proposed to streamline the market and market conditions of agriculture, which lead to the manageability of nature. The purpose of the paper was to study the ecological and economic efficiency of innovative intensive cultivation of crops in the context of globalization, digitalization and land market formation. Results. It is shown that in addition to the positive effects on biodiversity conservation, environmental protection measures, in particular the increase in forest cover, which has already occurred on 5 million hectares of forage crops and the share of pastures and hayfields, there are also elements of competitive relations between the state and micro- and mini-agents. Some of these agents deplete the land to the level of economically unprofitable management, and then preserve these lands, receiving state compensation, i.e. the income from land use accumulates, and the cost of restoring soil fertility is transferred to the state. This strengthens the role of joint agents and necessitates the consideration of the interests of all subjects of land management in the indicators of environmental efficiency of land management in the agricultural sector of the economy. Conclusions. It is proved that the process of withdrawal from active cultivation of agricultural land comes into conflict with regional and global agents. Thus, the position of many scientists, practitioners, statesmen and international figures is radically opposite to the previous one. It means that given the exacerbation of the global food crisis due to the constant growth of the world's population and the depleting use of agricultural land in some countries (excessive ecological footprint), it is necessary to involve as much as possible in the turnover of land withdrawn from cultivation due to significant imbalance in the reproductive structure of national economies, which have traditionally been one of the main food producers. Such countries include Ukraine, where large areas of land have been actively used in the reproduction process through the implementation of large-scale reclamation. This enhances the role of land reclamation indicators not only to assess environmental but also other types of land management efficiency. Key words: ecological and economic efficiency, innovation, intensive cultivation of agricultural crops, globalization, digitalization, land market formation.

Study on the Innovation Process in Precision Agriculture using patent mapping using NPK sensors in the production of fertilizers

With the constant population growth, Agroindustry has sought to innovate in its products and processes, with innovation and precision agriculture in the use of NPK fertilizers, and the determination of the concentrations of NPK present in the soil, makes it necessary for the correction of such levels in order to obtain greater soil efficiency and crop productivity, this adopted practice requires the use of sensors both in the bio manager and in the soil for the result to be really valid. There is a need to evaluate the scenario in which the NPK sensors developed to date are inserted in order to contribute to the knowledge in this area of study. One of the ways to carry out such an evaluation is through the information contained in the patent documents, the objective of this article. With the search for these documents, 95 patent documents were selected after reading and analyzing the abstracts, where the presence in both the soil and the soil and in the bio manager, we had 66% of the cases, and China (96%), which is the country that consumes the most fertilizers, as parents that most protects its innovations with emphasis on the Jiangsu region.

A literature review of crowd-counting system on convolutional neural network

With the proliferation usage of video surveillance for safety, traffic control, and privacy purposes and with the constant growth of population, it is important to keep monitoring using Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV). With new upcoming developed technologies, new systems and algorithms are introduced and implemented to the crowd counting system today retrieving live video surveillance from the CCTV. However, recent studies show that there are some challenges still faced regarding the crowd counting system which uses the density estimation. The problems that occurred have resulted from the inaccuracy of the system that is caused by several factors. Factors such as the perspective distortion which is caused by the lack of data training and the method such as face detection is an ineffective method to determine the population density. Studies proposed have projected the idea of developing a more robust crowd counting methodology by implementing crowd counting by detection, clustering, and regression. Implementing these methods using the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) will better the result of the detection since in CNN the image can be inputted and it will undergo several layers which will result in the system being able to differentiate one image from the other. With CNN the process of crowd counting will be able to be more advanced.