Constant Adjustment Research Articles

Technology of surgical guide development: practical application in implantology

Purpose. To examine and describe the steps involved in creating a surgical guide for dental implant installation, and to assess the advantages of using surgical guides compared to traditional implant placement methods. Materials and methods. The study utilized data from cone-beam computed tomography, intraoral scanning, and specialized software for data merging and surgical guide modeling. A clinical case with the installation of three implants was analyzed to evaluate the effectiveness of the method. Additionally, 15 similar cases were reviewed where implant placement was performed without using a surgical guide to compare operation times. Results. The results showed that using a surgical guide reduced the operation time to 23 minutes compared to the average duration of 58 minutes with the traditional method. Conclusions. The use of guides minimizes the need for constant checks and adjustments, reduces the risk of complications, and improves patient comfort by shortening the time spent on the operating table. Patients feel more confident in the outcome since the template minimizes the likelihood of medical errors

Dynamic GEN AI-Powered Web Crawling on Azure Using Automation Account and GPT-3.5

The integration of AI-powered automation in web crawling marks a significant advancement over traditional methods, which were often labor-intensive, inflexible, and prone to security risks. This paper presents a case study on the implementation of a dynamic web crawling solution using Azure Automation Account, leveraging GPT-3.5 from Azure OpenAI services. This new approach allows for parameterized execution via automation variables, enabling user-defined requirements to guide the crawler's behavior in a more flexible and intelligent manner. Unlike previous static methods that required constant manual adjustments, our system uses GPT-3.5's Natural Language Processing (NLP) capabilities to interpret complex instructions and dynamically adapt to various web structures. Post-crawling, the data undergoes a security scan using Clam AV, ensuring its integrity before storage in Azure Blob Storage. SendGrid is employed for user alerts regarding the scan results and storage status. The system is scheduled to run at regular intervals, fully automating the process while maintaining robust security protocols. This paper includes a detailed comparison between traditional web crawling techniques and this AI-driven approach, demonstrating the improvements in efficiency, security, and adaptability.

EXCEPTION FROM THE SUBSIDIARITY OF THE CONSTITUTIONAL COMPLAINT IN THE REPUBLIC OF SERBIA

Subsidiarity is one of the essential features of the constitutional complaint as an extraordinary legal remedy for the protection of human rights. The subject matter of this paper is the exception from the subsidiarity of the constitutional complaint in the Republic of Serbia. According to the hitherto constitutional practice, this exception has been established twice, both times by a piece of ordinary legislation. In 2007, it was set in favor of the right to a trial within a reasonable time, in general terms. In 2023, it was established in favor of the same right but in narrower terms. Although such legislative action may be justified from the perspective of constant adjustment of the national human rights’ protection system to the international one, it is not acceptable from the constitutional point of view. In other words, the current constitutional framework is not flexible enough to justify the exception from the subsidiarity of the constitutional complaint by a piece of ordinary legislation, regardless of how appropriate the establishment of this exception may be as a systemic measure in the context of implementation of the ECtHR judgments.

IOT Based Green House Monitoring and Controlling with Arduino

Greenhouses offer a controlled environment for growing plants. For a green house system to function effectively, it needs to consistently oversee and control various environmental elements such as hotness, dampness, soil moisture, light strength, and soil p H. The main objective of the project is to create a cost-efficient design to promote optimal plant growth and yield. Arduino system that allows for constant updating and adjustment of environmental parameter values. The DHT 11,s and acidity, LDR plus dryness are the important sensors in the project, measuring moisture, temperature, water purpose, light strength, and earth wetness. Android smart phones receive environmental data both offline and online. The present situation of the surrounding circumstances is displayed in an SMS sent via a GSM modem. The user gets a text when this sensor value goes above a specific threshold. Farmers can observe and control their green houses from anywhere. SMS commands can be used to change environmental factors like the fluid pump, motor breathe, refrigeration fan, emission fan, and manufactured illumination fluids pump, engine breathe, cooling fan, exhaust fan, and false lighting. To prevent SMS charges, data parameters are sent to mobile phones using Ethernet. Using Ethernet, all environmental data is sent to the machine ad kept on the data file in this way, the Android app allows the user to monitor and manage settings.

Understanding Theory through a Metaphor: Leadership is like ‘Driving a Car’

Abstract concepts, while readily described, can be difficult to truly grasp. Fortunately, strategies like the use of metaphors can bridge this understanding gap. This paper explores the claim by 21st-century management and leadership scholars that effective leaders must consider polarities. By drawing an analogy to driving, it clarifies the crucial ‘both/and’ perspective necessary for navigating the complex and often opposing forces. Just as driving requires constant adjustments—a driver cannot exclusively choose one action but skilfully navigates between multiple inputs to reach their destination—leaders face continuous tensions. These include (but not limited to) individual autonomy versus team cohesion and stability versus change. Leaders cannot simply choose one side of these polarities; they must integrate them, recognising the value of both. This ‘both/and’ approach fosters greater flexibility, adaptability, and ultimately, more effective leadership. The paper introduces the ‘both/and’ perspective, including the Competing Values Framework (CVF), developed to address the challenges of complex and rapidly changing environments. By clarifying the fundamentals of driving and establishing a clear link between driving and leading, this paper demonstrates the broader value of metaphors as a powerful tool in teaching and education. Furthermore, acknowledging the multiplicity of definitions of leadership —as Stodgill remarked “There are almost as many different definitions of leadership as there are people who have tried to define it” — this paper offers its own perspective. Keywords: leadership, both/and perspective, driving a car

Order-of-magnitude increased range of constant force adjustment via section optimization

An adjustable constant force environment is critical in engineering applications, including precision manipulation, surgical robots, and advanced manufacturing, all requiring a wider range of force regulation and adjustment. Traditional adjustable constant force mechanisms (ACFMs) have significant limitations in achieving a wide range of constant force (CF) adjustments due to factors like stress and interference. Existing ACFMs typically offer only a 2–4 times change in CF, which is insufficient. This research aims to provide an order-of-magnitude increase in CF adjustment range while remaining compact and preserving CF quality through section optimization. An analytical model demonstrates the efficacy of adjusting CF by an order-of-magnitude in prismatic and non-prismatic beams for CF adjustment method selection. Additionally, finite element analysis and design optimization of the non-prismatic serpentine beam with an out-of-plumbness imperfection angle and polynomial section description were conducted to maximize CF adjustability and quality. Experimental validation showed a 38 times change in CF adjustability for 5 percent variation in the CF, 18 times improvement in compactness, and high Energy Similarity Index SCF compared to the prismatic benchmark mechanism. This proposed system may be implemented in several applications, including load control, impact and vibration mitigation, space exercise, wearables, etc.

In vivo evaluation of an adaptive resuscitation controller using whole blood and crystalloid infusates for hemorrhagic shock.

Hemorrhage remains the leading cause of preventable death on the battlefield. The most effective means to increase survivability is early hemorrhage control and fluid resuscitation. Unfortunately, fluid resuscitation requires constant adjustments to ensure casualty is properly managed, which is often not feasible in the pre-hospital setting. In this study, we showed how an adaptive closed-loop controller for hemorrhage resuscitation can be used to automate hemodynamic management using a swine hemorrhagic shock injury model. The adaptive resuscitation controller (ARC) was previously developed to track pressure-volume responsiveness in real time and adjust its infusion rate to reach the target mean arterial pressure (MAP). Swine while maintained under a surgical plane of anesthesia and analgesia underwent a splenectomy, followed by two hemorrhage and resuscitation events. For the first resuscitation event, hemorrhage was induced to reduce the MAP to 35mmHg until arterial lactate reached 4mmol/L. The ARC system then infused whole blood (WB) to reach the target MAP and maintained the subject using crystalloids for 120min. For the second resuscitation event, the subjects were hemorrhaged again but resuscitated using only crystalloid infusion to reach the target MAP and 120-min maintenance. The ARC was effective at WB resuscitation, reaching the target MAP in 2.0 ± 1.0min. The median performance error was 1.1% ± 4.6%, and target overshoot was 14.4% ± 7.0% of the target MAP. The ARC maintained all animals throughout the 120min maintenance period. For the second crystalloid-based resuscitation, ARC required a longer time to reach the target MAP, at an average rise time of 4.3 ± 4.0min. However, target overshoot was reduced to 8.4% ± 7.3% of the target MAP. Much higher flow rates were required to maintain the target MAP during the second resuscitation event than during the first resuscitation event. The ARC was able to rapidly reach and maintain the target MAP effectively. However, this sometimes required large volumes of fluid as the ARC's only goal was to reach the target MAP. Further clinical insight is needed regarding the preferred aggression level to achieve the target MAP. In conclusion, the ARC was successful in its programmed objective of reaching and maintaining the target MAP for extended periods of time in vivo, a critical next step toward improving hemorrhage treatment in the pre-hospital environment.

New insights into a sensitive life stage: hydraulics of tree seedlings in their first growing season.

The first year in a tree's life is characterized by distinct morphological changes, requiring constant adjustments of the hydraulic system. Despite their importance for the natural regeneration of forests and future vegetation composition, little has been known about the hydraulics of tree seedlings. At different times across the first growing season, we analysed xylem area-specific (Kshoot_Axyl) and leaf area-specific (Kshoot_L) shoot hydraulic conductance, as well as embolism resistance of three temperate conifer trees, two angiosperm trees and one angiosperm shrub, and related findings to cell osmotic parameters and xylem anatomical traits. Over the first 10 wk after germination, Kshoot_Axyl and Kshoot_L sharply decreased, then remained stable until the end of the growing season. Embolism resistance was remarkably low in the youngest stages but, coupled with an increase in cell wall reinforcement, significantly increased towards autumn. Contemporaneously, water potential at turgor loss and osmotic potential at saturation decreased. Independent of lineage, species and growth form, the transition from primary to secondary xylem resulted in a less efficient but increasingly more embolism-resistant hydraulic system, enabling stable water supply under increasing risk for low water potentials.

Information, Entanglement, and Emergent Social Norms: Searching for ‘Normal’

Social norms are often regarded as informal rules or strategies. Previously, we have proposed that norms are better understood as information. Social norms represent a behavioral adaptation that identifies and curates the information required to create and maintain a predictable environment. Here, we further demonstrate that social norms act as the leading edge of individual and collective search and optimization processes. These processes provide efficient and effective evolutionary mechanisms for constant adjustment and adaptation to an environment. We show that social norms constitute the forefront of our ability to ingest and process information, and are responsible for the conditions under which social and collective cognition are possible. This new model of social information processing provides not only insight into how humans adapt and evolve to diverse environments, but also provides concrete definitions of human sociality and its distinctions from that of other social animals. Our social constructs and behaviors are not separate from the physical world we inhabit, but are instead the primary means by which we exist within it.

The fragile nature of concentration of effort principle and the instability of the 3:1 force ratio

The complexity of the contemporary operating environment necessitates a continuous adaptation of the operational process, which is made possible by constant doctrinal adjustments, including a re-evaluation of the principles of operations dimensions.In this context, the analysis of the new requirements regarding the integration of the principle of concentration of effort and the rules underlying the dimensioning of the force ratio in operations represents a subject of interest. This approach is also significant in the context of Romania’s military transformation, which is geared towards a qualitative shift in emphasis over the quantitative one. Consequently, the assessment of the prospective realization of the fundamental tenets of the aforementioned operations yields valuable insights that can be leveraged by military planners irrespective of the operational scale.

Development and activation of the innovative potential of the Russian economy: regional features, structural priorities, levels of implementation

Relevance. The idea of developing and implementing innovative solutions in various spheres of society implies the existence of ways to find such solutions, their active use and improvement. For this reason, the essence of innovative thinking on the scale of both a single enterprise and the state as a whole requires appropriate provision.The purpose of the research is a comprehensive analysis of the chronological cross-section of the level of innovative development of the subjects of the Russian Federation in the context of multiple global economic and political crises and the internal activation of strategic innovative trends in the formats of lawmaking and modernization.Objectives. To achieve this goal, within the framework of this study, the current legislative situation regarding the state's innovation policy and its projected consequences were considered; the factors of growth in the level of innovative development of the regions of the Russian Federation in the context of statistical dominants were studied; the complex results of regional innovation activity and the all-Russian state of the innovative sphere of development, production, export and import of goods and services were analyzed.Methodology. The methodological basis of this study is the method of chronological extrapolation analysis of trends with constant adjustment in conditions of the selective nature of the analytical data bank; in addition, a theoretical generalization of the indexed result and a priori trend forecasting within the observation period are used.Results. The general principles of the innovation segment development are the same for the whole state, but their applicability in different regions depends on the degree of their convergence with border territorial entities — the basis of the innovation development strategy is the assessment of regional potential in the sum of all indicators. Nevertheless, there is always the possibility of finding a thematic statistical trend.Conclusions. It is fundamentally important for the innovative development of the state to take into account the specifics of each individual region. With all the variety of means and methods of innovative development at all levels of management, priority is given to only a few. In this case, rating systems are an auxiliary element of management structures.

Além da costa: o papel da Seenemar na economia azul do Rio de Janeiro

This study analyzes the strategy of the State Secretary of Energy and Sea Economy (SEENEMAR) in promoting the blue economy in the State of Rio de Janeiro (ERJ), focusing on environmental and social sustainability. The analysis of projects, such as the Fishery Naval Hub and offshore wind energy, reveals significant contributions to economic growth, environmental sustainability, and social inclusion. SEENEMAR has shown effectiveness in job creation, attracting investments, and decarbonization, as well as promoting social inclusion through training programs and valuing sea gastronomy. However, the lack of a formal blue economy definition at the federal level may limit the expansion of these initiatives. This study suggests that the continuity and success of SEENEMAR’s policies depend on constant monitoring and adjustments based on empirical data.

Impacto de la Automatización en la Auditoría: Ventajas y Desafíos

Automation in auditing represents a fundamental transformation, allowing for improved operational efficiency and accuracy in error detection. This study examines its advantages, challenges and impact on the auditor's role, highlighting the need to acquire new technological competencies and redefine the professional function. Through a qualitative approach, a literature review was conducted to identify the associated benefits, such as the ability to audit 100% of transactions and free auditors for higher value-added activities. However, the risks of excessive reliance on technology and information overload, which could negatively affect critical judgment, are cautioned. For a successful implementation, it is recommended to integrate automation in a phased manner, manage technology risks through adequate controls, and ensure continuous training of staff. Constant monitoring and adjustment of automated systems is essential to ensure their effectiveness in an environment of constant regulatory change. In conclusion, automation presents a unique opportunity to modernize auditing, but it requires a comprehensive approach that balances technological innovation with professional judgment.

Recruiting for Engagement in Health Policy.

Who participates in public and patient engagement processes, and in what capacity they participate, matters. The strategies employed to recruit participants shape the outcomes and legitimacy of engagement processes. We explore these issues through a case study of workshop recruitment. We conducted a mixed-methods study drawing on literature about existing theories of engagement, and integrated findings from the research team's own public engagement workshop in September 2022. We sought to align theoretical frameworks with practical approaches to recruiting for engagement. There are inherent trade-offs in recruitment methods. While the theory of recruitment is valuable, practical implementation is complex and highly context-dependent. Engaging existing partners and fostering relationships beyond specific events is crucial. Hybrid workshops and low-barrier honoraria promote participation; however, decisions about location and time create barriers. Finally, balancing trusting relationships with critical perspectives can create tension. Recruitment is foundational for the engagement process, and requires flexibility, responsiveness and a realistic understanding of barriers. Our study suggests that there is no universal formula for ideal participant makeup or event format. Meaningful engagement requires ongoing dialogue and constant adjustment based on practice. Policy makers can use these insights to align recruitment and engagement strategies with their goals in order to move beyond quick, technocratic fixes.

Experimental Evaluation of Damping and Stiffness in Optimized Active Sport Utility Vehicle Suspension Systems

On a flat city road, the specificity of the suspension poses a challenge. Sport utility vehicles (SUVs) have less flexibility compared to regular cars, despite providing a firm grip on asphalt and concrete. Constant adjustments to the center of gravity of SUVs are necessary. Surprisingly, they are less reliable and stable in urban settings due to this characteristic. In this study, a mathematical model of the suspension system of SUVs based on the Newtonian approach is introduced and validated with data from experiments carried out by the MTS machine system on the mono-tube (oil/air) mixed damper element. The model accurately predicts the performance of this damper, commonly used in SUVs, across various operating conditions, including different frequencies. A coil spring element, serving as a passive suspension unit with this damper, is also tested experimentally under similar conditions. By integrating passive suspension elements with the active actuator, the proposed modified design reduces the power consumption needed for the actuator to function and ensures a certain level of reliability. The effectiveness and performance of the modified active suspension system in comparison to the traditional passive suspension system are assessed using three different strategies: hybrid PID-LQR, linear quadratic regulator (LQR), and proportional-integral-derivative (PID). The genetic algorithm is utilized to determine the optimal parameter values for each controller by minimizing a cost function, maximizing performance, and minimizing energy consumption. Simulation results demonstrate that the active suspension system controlled by the PID-LQR controller offers significantly improved ride comfort and vehicle stability compared to other systems. This suggests that the performance of the active suspension system is greatly enhanced by the combined application of the hybrid PID-LQR controller compared to other systems.

Effect of Foot Posture on Limits of Stability in Children With Spastic Diplegic Cerebral Palsy.

Cerebral palsy (CP) is a neurological condition that affects musculoskeletal system causing altered balance control, which is governed by constant adjustments by muscular activity and joint positioning. Since the foot is the platform upon which we stand and balance, it is important to study and characterize foot posture abnormalities in CP to better understand their possible effect on multidirectional limits of stability (MDLS) in standing. Our aim was to find relation between foot posture and MDLS in diplegic children. Thirty diplegics (13 pes-planus and 17 pes-cavus) between the age of 6 to 14, gross motor function classification system (GMFCS) levels I and II, whose parents consented were included in this study. Diplegics unable to stand unsupported for < 2 minutes, undergone lower-limb surgeries in 6 months, having visual impairments were excluded. Foot posture was assessed with arch index, MDLS were measured by GEAMASTER stabilometer. There was significant positive correlation between foot posture and limits of stability. Diplegic children having pes-planus have better MDLS as compared with pes-cavus.

The evaluation of the efficacy of automated peak frequency annotation algorithm for the identification of critical isthmus of ventricular tachycardia and deceleration zones

Abstract Background Substrate modification techniques have widely been adopted due to hemodynamic instability and non-inducibility of clinical ventricular tachycardia (VT). Accurate annotation of local near field EGMs is paramount to better evaluate the ventricular substrate. Furthermore, annotation of late potentials (LP) necessitates substantial manual input and isochronal late activation mapping (ILAM) involves constant sensitivity adjustments, potentially affecting the accuracy of local ventricular signal representation. Objective This study aims to assess the utility of novel automated peak frequency (PF), which aims to determine near field local activity in low voltage regions in the prediction of the CI of scar related reentrant VTs. Furthermore, the effectiveness of automated PF annotation of near field EGMs to identify deceleration zone (DZ) during ILAM was also evaluated. Methods A total of 18 patients with scar-related VT were analyzed. In all patients, VT isthmuses were identified based on activation maps and acute termination achieved during radiofrequency ablation. Automated PF annotation using Ensite X system (Abbott) was retrospectively performed in all cases specifically in areas of low voltage with fractioned signals. The accuracy of applying the PF value and automated ILAM map for detecting VT isthmus was also assessed. Results Among the study group, 12 (66.7%) had ischemic cardiomyopathy, while 6 (33.3%) had nonischemic cardiomyopathy [3 (16.7%) with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy, 2 (11.1%) with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy, and 1 (5.6%) with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy]. All identified isthmuses were located in areas exhibiting bipolar voltage below 0.5 mV and a PF of 250 Hz with fractionated EGMs Automated NF DZ annotation predicted the VT isthmus in 16/18 (88.9%) of the cases similar to the conventional ILAM with manual adjustment (88.9%). Conclusion Using high-density electroanatomical mapping with near field algorithm, a PF cutoff of 250 Hz accurately identified the low voltage regions to predict the CI of VT. In addition, automated annotation of EGMs during ILAM similarly identified the DZs compared with conventional last deflection algorithm with manual adjustments, which were colocalized with CI of VTs.

Preparation of university students for independent work using benchmarking technology

Relevance. The study's relevance arises from the increasing adoption of new teaching methods in the education system, particularly influenced by the COVID-19 pandemic, which necessitates rethinking the learning process. Benchmarking technologies aim to enhance these processes by leveraging best practices from leading universities globally. Purpose. The study aims to assess university students' readiness for independent work and evaluate the outcomes of preparing students for independent work using benchmarking technology. Methodology. An experiment was conducted in three stages: collecting information, developing and testing the methodology, and integrating the methodology into the educational process. The study was carried out at Sh. Ualikhanov Kokshetau University. Results. The study revealed the degree of readiness of university students for independent work using benchmarking technology. The focus was on how benchmarking technology improves the educational process and the development of self-educational components. Systematic diagnostics and constant adjustments helped achieve planned results in organizing independent work. Conclusions. The proposed methodology for organizing students' independent work enhances future graduates' competitiveness, creativity, stress resistance, communication skills, and professional development capabilities. Keywords: modern teaching methods; future specialist; self-organisation; learning process

Coordination of the interests of the participants as a tool of successful industry strategizing (on the example of timber industry complex of Russia)

Strategic approach to the industry development planning is of crucial importance as it helps setting clear goals, determine trends, parameters and conditions for the industry growth. However, low effectiveness of individual industry strategies adopted, their constant adjustments unrelated to strategic orientation, development of “new” strategies duplicating previous documents without meaningful analysis, poor performance discipline on the realization are the evidence of in effectiveness of the methodological approaches used. To cope with the above-mentioned problems, it is essential to pay special attention to the issues of coordination of the interests of the parties which are directly or indirectly involved into industry strategizing. This will ensure finding a balance between the needs and objectives of different participants affecting the success of implementing industry strategies.The purpose of the study is to consider the peculiar features of industry strategies as the objects of strategizing of the “middle” level, and to identify the mechanisms of harmonization of the interests on the example of the timber industry complex of Russia.A strategy creates the common value for the parties involved into its development and implementation, including government agencies, industry representatives, sectoral associations, local authorities and public organizations, educational and research institutions. The article deals with the range of issues that are subject to agreement between the participants of “middle” strategies, reflect both the global agenda through state-level strategies, and take into account the interests of local communities. Recommendations suggested as a result of the study can be applied in the development of middle level strategies including sectoral and regional ones.

Manufacture of Microstructured Optical Fibers: Problem of Optimal Control of Silica Capillary Drawing Process

The effective control of any technological process is essential in ensuring high-quality finished products. This is particularly true in manufacturing knowledge-intensive and high-tech products, including microstructured photonic crystal fibers (PCF). This paper addresses the issues of stabilizing the optimal control of the silica capillary drawing process. The silica capillaries are the main components of PCF. A modified mathematical model proposed by the authors is used as the basic model of capillary drawing. The uniqueness of this model is that it takes into account the main forces acting during drawing (gravity, inertia, viscosity, surface tension, pressure inside the drawn capillary), as well as all types of heat transfer (heat conduction, convection, radiation). In the first stage, the system of partial differential equations describing heat and mass transfer was linearized. Then, the problem of the optimal control of the drawing process was formulated, and optimization systems for the isothermal and non-isothermal cases were obtained. In the isothermal case, optimal adjustments of the drawing speed were obtained for different objective functionals. Thus, the proposed approach allows for the constant monitoring and adjustment of the observed state parameters (for example, the outer radius of the capillary). This is possible due to the optimal control of the drawing speed to obtain high-quality preforms. The ability to control and promptly eliminate geometric defects in the capillary was confirmed by the analysis of the numerical calculations, according to which even 15% deviations in the outer radius of the capillary during the drawing process can be reduced to 4–5% by controlling only the capillary drawing speed.