Consolidation Of Society Research Articles

The study of social capital as a mechanism of consolidation in a multiethnic society

In the context of modern challenges and "external" threats, the identification of mechanisms for the consolidation of society is becoming one of the critically important areas of scientific research. In turn, this initiates the study of such an object as social capital. Because it is its nature and structural elements that greatly contribute to the unification processes and the maintenance of order in society. The purpose of the study is to identify the theoretical and methodological foundations and the relevant structure of elements for assessing social capital at the macro level, taking into account the ethnic diversity of the regions and the current conditions of Russia. The basic theories and their leading positions, which are of fundamental importance in relation to the study of social capital at the macro level, are highlighted. Considerable attention is devoted to highlighting the traditions and main provisions of Russian research on social capital, which have theoretical and methodological potential for its research in regional societies, taking into account the peculiarities of functioning in relation to the conditions of Russia. The work is based on the application of general scientific methods, including synthesis and generalization, as well as on a structural approach, methods of systematic and comparative analysis. The paper reflects the results of a theoretical and empirical study of the social capital of multiethnic societies. The work concludes the operationalization of the concept of social capital of a multiethnic society, which allows us to describe and assess the current state of its structural elements such as: the level of generalized, interpersonal and institutional trust, the level of tolerance between peoples, the level of tolerance towards migrants, civil and national identity, the level of civic participation. Also, as an example of the practical implementation of the presented methodology, the work contains a fragment of the results of a sociological study conducted with the participation of the author in one of the multiethnic regions of Russia – the Republic of Bashkortostan. The research conducted according to the methodology described in the work allowed us to conclude that the pressure of external threats really contributes to social unity and cohesion of regional communities as components of Russian society, as evidenced by the received trend of movement of indicators of social capital towards a positive orientation.

GENDER STEREOTİPLƏRİ VƏ PEŞƏ SEÇİMİ: SOSİAL PSİXOLOGİYANIN PERSPEKTİVLƏRİ

This article examines the influence of gender stereotypes on professional choice from the perspective of social psychology. Various theories and approaches are analyzed to explain how socially constructed expectations and prejudices regarding gender roles affect individuals' career decisions. Particular attention is paid to the mechanisms of gender stereotype formation, their consolidation in society, and their impact on people's self-esteem and motivation when choosing a profession.

International Economic Sanctions. Part 1. History and Theory

The relevance of this research lies in examining the evolution of approaches to the application of international economic sanctions at the level of nation-states and international organizations; the reasons for their increasing popularity after the end of the Cold War; and determining the conditions for their effectiveness. The study aims to analyze and synthesize information on the application of economic sanctions, compare approaches to understanding their content and purpose across different historical periods, assess their humanitarian consequences, and formulate conclusions and recommendations for both theoretical and practical purposes. The research employed a wide range of approaches and methods, including the formal-legal method, which allowed for the formulation of basic terms, concepts, features, constructs, and classifications; the historical method, which aided in analyzing the evolution of approaches to the application of economic sanctions; the systemic method, which clarified the mechanisms for imposing, modifying, and lifting economic sanctions; and the comparative legal method of scientific inquiry, which was used to evaluate approaches to the legal regulation of economic sanctions at various stages of historical development. The results of the study include determining the role of international universal organizations, particularly the League of Nations and the UN, in recognizing and enshrining economic sanctions in international law as legitimate means of inducing sanctioned states to engage in desired activities. It has been established that the consequences of applying economic sanctions are ambiguous; in addition to positive effects, they can in some cases hinder peace processes and post-conflict recovery, impede the activities of peacekeeping organizations, undermine negotiations, and exacerbate disagreements between conflicting parties. Despite the possibility of negative consequences, economic sanctions remain popular as a means of demonstrating power or the ability to influence the behavior of a sanctioned government without resorting to military conflict. To mitigate the negative impact of sanctions on peacekeeping efforts, it is recommended that initiators set clear objectives when introducing economic sanctions; conduct regular substantive reviews of their impact; and expand exceptions to sanctions for peacekeeping activities, among other measures. The consequences of economic sanctions for the sanctioned country are primarily manifested in their impact on trade conditions. It is noted that economic sanctions are not necessarily more effective in the case of multilateral sanctions than in unilateral actions. The research observes that economic sanctions affect supporters and opponents of the ruling regime in the sanctioned country differently and may, in some cases, contribute to the consolidation of society around the ruling regime. The study concludes that despite existing shortcomings, economic sanctions have become an important tool for national governments and international organizations in responding to foreign policy challenges.

Психологическое содержание исторических событий

The relevance of the research in the field of historical psychology arises from two main factors. Firstly, there is some potential of this field, which has not been sufficiently explored but has a predictive function and is practically significant in explaining modern reality. Secondly, a lack of theoretical and methodological development in historical psychology highlights the need for more research. Purpose: this paper aims to explore the psychological aspects of historical events within the framework of historical psychology. Historical psychology, as an interdisciplinary field, can benefit from incorporating psychological insights into historical analysis. The study shows that he concept of ‘event’ has different meanings in history and psychology, however, their interrelationship and mutual influence is crucial for a comprehensive understanding of historical phenomena through the lens of historical psychology. The concept of ‘historical event’ is one of the major ones in historical science. For historical psychology, the task is to examine the psychological content of historical events. Results: the research has revealed the content of the concept of ‘historical event’ in the humanities and the concept of ‘event’ in psychology. Such analysis shows the mandatory involvement of a person in any historical event. Analysis of the behavioral motives, goals, values, and worldviews of people from a particular historical period can contribute to identifying the determinants of historical events. Moreover, the study of collective emotions about events can help describe the psychological state of society under the influence of specific historical events. Conclusions: several criteria for analyzing the psychological aspect of historical events in historical psychology have been identified: analysis of the behavior of the event participants, their motives and goals, and methods of action; participation of historical figures in the event; the description of the historical event from the perspective of historical time; the event as an idea; feelings and collective emotions associated with the historical event. The practical significance of the research lies in the reflection of the influence of historical events on individuals and society as a whole. This influence manifests itself through the historical memory of people and determines a person’s sense of belonging to a particular historical community. It also contributes to the consolidation of society by creating shared collective experiences of historical events that are significant for that society and are passed down from generation to generation.

Eski Türk düşüncesi ve irfan gelenekleri

Faith and moral values occupy a special place among the sources of ancient Turkic thought. Faith and moral values have made a significant contribution to the formation of a person’s psychological structure and identity, as well as his thinking. The beliefs and ways of thinking of the ancient Turks were associated with mythology. The ancient Turks always lived in close contact with nature and therefore they deified natural phenomena. Shamanism spread in the Altai and Ural regions, which influenced Tibetan and Chinese culture. Among the Turks, local traditions met with shamanic elements, but, unlike shamans and other movements, they did not share idolatry and polytheism. The ancient Turks were inclined towards monotheism. This can be found in the concept of “Goktanrı” (belief in the Heavenly God). The tendency of the human spirit from polytheism to monotheism is a movement from chaos to order and harmony. The ancient Turks did not separate love for God from love for man. They also had high moral and spiritual values. And therefore the Turks easily accepted Islam and its mystical traditions. All this matters contributed to the dominance of the universal spiritual environment in a wide geography. They move away from material understanding and denote the symbolic embodiment of the beauty of God. A person begins to understand the phenomenology of his spirit. In ancient Turkic thought, the connection between God and man is established by spirit. The Spirit emanates from God and descends from heaven to earth. He ascends back to Him. This movement is reminiscent of the Sufi concepts of “nuzul” (descent) and “uruc” (ascension). Thus, local elements of the spiritual culture of the ancient Turks and the traditional values of Islamic mysticism complemented and enriched each other throughout history. This process was an important factor in ensuring the spiritual unity and social consolidation of society.

On the Axiological Shift in Europe and Its Impact on the European System of Human Rights as Exemplified by the Council of Europe and European Union

Abstract This article investigates shifts in the primary sources of political and axiological discourse in Europe in the area of human rights. Assumed that there may have been two main causes, firstly, the ongoing cultural change in Europe and the departure from the Christian cultural and axiological foundations in Europe, which also affects the interpretation of human rights, is discussed. Secondly, there may perhaps have been progressive change in the source of human rights, and a departure from the concept of human dignity as a universal source of human rights, in the direction of a European cultural interpretation. This change will be shown by reference the Council of Europe and the EU. The theoretical inspiration for this article has been the theory of Christian Reus Smit, who in his own way shows an alternative history to the formation of the structures of the international system, showing that its fragmentation has been taking place around the consolidation of societies (and states) around newly-created rights. Taking this inspiration into account, the article tries to look at Europe through this prism and the European system of human rights protection in relation to the universal one.

The Importance of the Religious Component in the Formation of the National Outlook during the War

This article examines the religious component as a means of ensuring Ukraine's national security. The importance of religious organizations as a factor in harmonizing the spiritual life of Ukrainians, which is an important prerequisite for the consolidation of society in overcoming the bloody enemy, has been studied.

Main Directions of Modern Transformation and Modernization of Russian Society, Ways to Overcome the Systemic Crisis in the Context of Technological Revolution: Alternative Strategic Development Models

At the present stage of Russia’s development in the prevailing historical conditions, a period of deep conceptual transformations has begun, measures are being taken to free it from its continued dependence on crisis global processes, from the globalism policy of developed imperialist countries. Today, after three periods of permanent systemic crisis, through which Russia went from the early 80s to the early 2000s, the country is emerging from this dependence, returning to its mental ideological and cultural foundations, to state-political, economic, scientific, technical and technological sovereignty, to the status of a world power, renewed civilization, towards the consolidation of society. This period is characterized as a period of transformation and new modernization of society. The article, based on new approaches and methods of a comprehensive historical, sociological and formational-civilizational analysis of the problems of society’s development, examines the issues of the new modernization of society that has begun, analyzes and evaluates the persistent manifestations of the systemic crisis, issues of implementing an innovative anti-crisis management strategy, strategic planning and strategic management. Possible forecasts and alternatives for social development are considered. These processes require a clear, meaningful choice and implementation of a long-term strategy for the dynamic, innovative development of knowledge-intensive sectors of the economy, labor productivity growth, production recovery based on new reindustrialization and the industrial revolution, the development and implementation of achievements of the fifth technological order, scientific, technical, technological, information revolution, the formation of new scientific, human resources, including in the areas of governance of society and the state, ensuring comprehensive security and sovereignty of society and the state, regulatory support for these processes. This implies the choice of a new socio-economic, formational and civilizational model for further progressive development, taking into account positive domestic and foreign experience, and the corresponding ideological basis for these transformations. All this is becoming an urgent issue for the entire spectrum of social and social sciences, for educational practices.

“Civilization State” Concept in the Works of Non-Western Scholars

The article discusses the main ideas and theories of non-Western countries researchers that reveal the concept of “civilization state”. As a methodological basis for the study of ideas developed within the framework of a non-Western tradition, the author uses the provisions of decolonial theory, allowing to overcome the clear and implicit dominance of attitudes and epistemological foundations inherent in European-American social science. The article draws attention to the critical perception of decolonial optics, which insists on the need to revise the epistemological foundations of Western thinking and the world order as a whole. The author analyzes the features of distribution and development of “civilization state” concept in a number of non-Western countries in the first quarter of the 21st century; the article presents a brief overview of emergence and evolution of the “civilization” concept, the diversity of semantic and conceptual variations of this concept is shown, the features of this process in the conditions of decolonization of knowledge were identified, an analysis of modern ideas and justification of the “civilization state” concept in China, India, Turkey, Egypt and in a number of African countries was carried out. The author draws conclusions that the concept of “civilization state”, being the Western origin concept, nevertheless, is perceived and develops within the framework of overcoming the West-centric theories of social development. In the conclusion the main advantages, threats and risks are presented that are associated with the adoption of the “civilization state” concept. Among the advantages are such as cultural and value consolidation of society; political mobilization; the basis for sovereignty and an independent policy; preservation and development of civilizational identity; the uniqueness of the civilization country as a source of further development. Challenges and risks include the following: the ambiguity of the new world order; contradictions between the concept of civilization and the concept of the national state; civilizational populism; ideas of isolationism; the risks of becoming the failed civilizational state. The article also recognizes the need for consolidated research work for the further theoretical development of the “civilization state” concept.

Specific features of constructing the memory and identity politics in modern Kyrgyzstan

Objectives. The relevance of studying this topic is that memory and identity politics, or historical politics, affect the awareness of the national, cultural, civic identity of the population, which is an important factor in the consolidation of society. The purpose of this study is the analysis of political activity which is aimed at the development of national identity. Methods. When writing the paper, the following methods were used: structural and functional, dialectical, and logical. Results: As a result of the study, it was found that at present the Kyrgyz political elite needs to create a political programme for long-term memory, since there is no specific national policy regarding this. Such a programme should be created in the form of a single political and legal document at the state level. It will be able to ensure systematic, progressive growth based on an understanding of common goals, assuming spiritual unity, which will contribute to the development of a sense of national identity. Conclusions. Due attention should be paid to the development of the museum sphere. It is also important to investigate interethnic relations and the development of terminology of ethno-national identity. The practical significance of this study lies in the fact that all theoretical provisions, conclusions, and recommendations can be used to create a programme that will be aimed at developing collective memory and a sense of national identity

Причини та форми корупційної взаємодії у сфері освіти

The problem of corruption is important for many countries because corruption undermines trust in the government, violates the rule of law and leads to socio-economic inequality in the country. In different spheres of society, manifestations of corruption can be observed. Overcoming corruption in the educational environment is an extremely urgent problem since corruption is incompatible with the main purpose of education – to educate and encourage young people to the correct civic position, patriotism, respect for laws and human rights. The link between corruption and the ignorance of the public, the lack of civic engagement, tolerance and global courtesy is traced in the article. It is established that the formation and consolidation in society of the principles of intolerance to corruption are primarily influenced by legal nihilism, which manifests itself in a critical attitude to law as a form of organisation of life in the State. Attention is focused on the exceptional importance of legal education of young people, in particular in the spirit of intolerance to any manifestations of of corruption. It is noted that the causes of corruption in Ukraine are historical and are characterised by a deep penetration of corruption into the sphere of everyday life of society. into the everyday life of society. The article analyses the causes of corruption in the educational sector, which reflect individual factors of corruption in higher education institutions. The main models of corruption practices in education are investigated. It is concluded that the most significant obstacle to the eradication of corruption in education is the interest and acceptance of its existence both on the part of representatives of the teaching staff of educational institutions and students of all levels. Compliance with the requirements of scientific and pedagogical integrity in educational activities, as well as the avoidance of actions influenced by private interests should become the basis of the educational process in Ukraine.

Charitable and Volunteer Activities as a Social Practice: Legal, Teleological and Axiological Aspects

Charitable and Volunteer Activities as a Social Practice: Legal, Teleological and Axiological Aspects

Роль политических институтов в экономическом развитии Юга России в условиях новой реальности

Introduction. Ineffective resolution of economic problems by political institutions can jeopardize a country’s technological sovereignty in the face of existing geopolitical challenges. The purpose of the article is to identify areas for increasing the efficiency of the functioning of political institutions from the point of view of ensuring the economic security of the southern Russian regions, considering the challenges of socio-economic development that exist for them. Methodology and methods. This study centers on the Southern Federal District, which acts as an administrative entity responsible for implementing regional-level economic policies. The research utilized content analysis of scientific publications and comparative analysis of regional socio-economic indicators of economic development as part of implementing economic policy. The method for analyzing the influence of political institutions on economic development was based on the principle of balancing the combination of tactical and strategic decisions in assessing the effectiveness of implemented measures and was based on the basic principles of the theory of factors of production. Analysis. An analysis of the results of the economic policy pursued in the southern Russian regions showed that a relatively high level of resistance to sanctions challenges is ensured mainly by the export capabilities of agricultural products. However, the continued high level of import dependence on production increases the risk of conflict over the use of production factors between exportoriented companies and companies oriented to the domestic market, which creates significant threats to the implementation of national growth models. The turn of state economic policy towards the global East and South poses the tasks of the authorities of the southern Russian regions to develop transport infrastructure, as well as state support for companies participating in the construction of new production and supply chains. At the same time, increasing migration flows from border areas requires solving the problem of ensuring the socio-economic well-being of both the people moving and the host community. Results. It was found that the existing political risks to the economic development of southern Russian regions are associated with a lack of balance between the political decisions made and the strategic objectives of achieving technological sovereignty. It is concluded that the conditions of modern economic reality require economic and political mobilization to achieve value consensus and consolidation in society in order to solve the problems of economic development, implemented through the responsibility and patriotic position of political and economic elites at all levels of government. Authors’ contribution. I.V. Mitrofanova: development and justification of the concept; interpretation and synthesis of research results; O.A. Chernova: formation of methodology; development of research design; content analysis; formulation of conclusions.

The phenomenon of frustration in the information sphere

This article is devoted to the study of the influence of information on consciousness, psyche and human activity in modern conditions. The role of information in the further development of modern society and the state is shown, the basis of which is the formation of an information society with the development of computing and information technology. It is noted that currently information is an important source of the formation and functioning of power, a necessary condition for which is the collection, analysis, processing, selection and effective use of information. Today's mass media broadcast information about the processes in the regions, the country, and the world, with the help of which different ideological visions are literally imposed on the population, and which can act as a force that can both stabilize society and become a detonator of a social explosion. At the same time, information becomes a real, almost physically tangible force that can increase power projection, reducing the adversary's will and ability to wage war. Attention is focused on the fact that, as a weapon, information can be related to the emergence of such a category as “information trauma”, i.e., as a consequence of the effect of a certain type of information on the human psyche and which accompanies all other types and forms of collective trauma and is their mandatory component. It is emphasized that the problem of informational influences on the psyche of people has become more acute in the modern world in connection with terrorist and hybrid wars, in particular in Ukraine – in connection with the informational war that Russian propaganda has purposefully waged in recent years. At the same time, the influence of information technologies in various spheres of life is constantly growing. Modern wars are fought in the information space with the help of specific information types of weapons. Information can be both a means of defense and an offense, depending on whose resource and propaganda will be more powerful. The success of their implementation depends on the successful implementation of information and psychological campaigns (information and psychological operations), the essence of which is to influence public consciousness in such a way as to lead people and force them to act against their interests. It has been determined that the use of information as a weapon directed against a probable or potential adversary, primarily against the psychological and mental state of a person, with the aim of causing the population a state of distress, disappointment, anxiety, irritability, despair, as well as a sense of hopelessness and despair, i.e. one of the forms of psychological stress is called frustration, the result of which can be a person's depression. It is noted that if we look at frustration purely through an information prism, then as a result of targeting information to a person, society or country, it is possible to achieve a kind of paralysis of any activity of the object of such information action when it falls under the influence of the subject of information influence. That is, the goal is to paralyze or minimize the relevant activity (military, political, cultural, etc.), and, thereby, to “neutralize” the ability of the object of such informational influence to resist the subject of informational influence. At the same time, its various forms are given: trolling; IPSO, their content and features are revealed, and examples of fake recognition mechanisms are given. It has been established that frustration, in addition to being a negative factor, plays a certain constructive role in the behavior of many people, when, thanks to its positive influence on the subject's psyche, achievement motives often become dominant in his motivational sphere, and the attractiveness of the set goal increases. The definition of the term “informational frustration” is provided – directing relevant information to a certain range of objects, with the aim of influencing (positively or negatively) their psychological state, which will contribute to the achievement of a certain goal for the subject of the dissemination of such information. Examples of the action of frustration in the political life of current Ukraine in its negative sense are given, which is a peculiar form of political struggle, and which leads to the activation of a peculiar affect of the so-called “existential frustration” – a negative phenomenon characterized by subjective experiences, apathy, inner emptiness, cynicism, does not contribute to the consolidation of society in the fight against the enemy.

Сравнительный анализ итогов выборов в региональные парламенты Республики Бурятия и Забайкальского края в 2023 г.

The article provides a comparative analysis of the main results of the elections to the regional parliaments of the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region. The conducted analysis actualizes the study. The object of the study is the regional election campaign for the election of deputies of the regional legislative authorities of the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region. The purpose of the study is a comparative analysis of the course and results of elections to regional parliaments, identification of common and distinct features and peculiarities. In accordance with the set goal, the tasks are defined: to identify the main features of the indicators for the nomination of candidates for the post of deputies of regional legislative bodies in the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region; to determine the main features of the election campaign in the Republic of Buryatia and the Transbaikal Region. The methodological basis of the research is the institutional approach. As the authors note, there have been quite significant changes compared to the 2022 elections. Firstly, the composition of participants in the electoral competition has changed, in particular, not only the share of non-party nominees has decreased, but also the number of candidates from non-systemic political parties. Secondly, there has been a consolidation of society, as a result of which the positions of the “party of power” strengthened and the possibilities of minority parties weakened. This has also affected the governance of the parliament, which has become more “obedient”. At the same time, each region has its own characteristics. In Buryatia, compared with the Transbaikal Region, a much smaller number of political parties participated in the electoral race and the possibilities of the “party of power” are somewhat higher. At the same time, the New People party joined the parliament in the parliamentary elections in Buryatia, but not in Transbaikalia. These and other circumstances allow us to speak about the beginning of a new stage in the development of political parties, where the positions of the “party of power” are once again strengthening and opposition forces are weakening. It is concluded that the role of regional branches of political parties in the political space of Russian regions is increasingly being minimized.

РОЛЬ ІНФОРМАЦІЙНО-КОМУНІКАЦІЙНИХ ТЕХНОЛОГІЙ У ПОЛІТИЧНІЙ КОМУНІКАЦІЇ: ВПЛИВ ЦИФРОВИХ ПЛАТФОРМ НА МАНІПУЛЮВАННЯ ГРОМАДСЬКОЮ ДУМКОЮ

The article examines the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs) on modern social, political and economic processes, as well as on political processes and public administration. Olso,analyzes the development of ICT’s, in particular the convergence of media and their impact on public opinion, the growing role of social media and online communications, as well as the risks associated with manipulative technologies and social control. Considerable attention is paid to the development of e-governance in Ukraine, in particular the mobile application “Diia” and its newest features that emerged during the war, which facilitate the provision of public services online and support citizens. The author emphasizes the importance of ICT implementation for effective public administration, consolidation of society and transparency in relations between the state, citizens and business.The author analyzes how digital technologies are changing the way the state and citizens interact, stimulating public participation in democratic processes. The paper presents various models of e-democracy that contribute to the activation of civic engagement and improvement of transparency of public administration. In addition, the main challenges and opportunities that arise in the process of integrating ICT’s into public administrations are discussed. The active use of digital platforms can significantly improve the quality of public services, increase the level of public trust in the authorities, and contribute to the sustainable development of society.It is determined that the development of information systems and the introduction of the latest information technologies into the activities of public authorities and local self-government bodies of Ukraine is recognized as one of the priority areas of state policy. The effectiveness of civil servants, their professionalism and competence is based on the ability to use various information technology tools, universal office programs, etc. The results of the study confirm the significant potential of digital technologies to improve the efficiency of e-governance and enhance civic engagement in society.

AXIOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF RELIGIOUS PEDAGOGY AS A GUIDELINE FOR MODERN DOMESTIC EDUCATION

The article analyzes the views of researchers on the current state of axiological problems of the educational system in Russia. The article draws attention to the crisis nature of the axio-sphere which is caused by the restructuring of the legislative, ideological, and moral foundations of education which were laid down in previous eras. The attitude of philosophers, historians and educators to the role of spiritual and moral values in the consolidation of society and the harmonious education of the younger generation is considered. In conclusion, it is stated that religious values are the most important component that lays the foundation for the entire structure of spiritual and moral values.

КОМУНІКАЦІЙНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ В ПУБЛІЧНОМУ УПРАВЛІННІ ТА АДМІНІСТРУВАННІ: УКРАЇНСЬКИЙ КОНТЕКСТ

The article is devoted to the study of communication strategies in public management and administration in modern Ukraine. The concept of "communication strategies" is revealed, their main components and principles of formation are considered. It is noted that the communication strategies of state management and administration bodies contribute to the effectiveness of communication between power structures and society, trust in the authorities, and the consolidation of society. It is proven that public management and administration is a communication process, as it containstypical components of a communicative act. The communication strategies of the state administration reform of Ukraine, the Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine, the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine, "Communications strategy in the field of prevention and counteraction of corruption", "Communication strategy on European integration of Ukraine" etc. were analyzed. It was concluded that communication is one of the most important tools for ensuring effective state policy. It is noted that the basis of the communication strategies of public management and administration created in Ukraine are the principles on which the communication policy of the EU is based. Despite the general principles of creating communication strategies and the presence of basic elements, each public management and administration body when creating a communication strategy takes into account its own specificity, values and sphere of interests, and therefore notes its mission, main strategic tasks, analyzes the target audience and selects those resources that will help in the implementation of such a strategy. Attention is also paid to the types of communication strategies described in the scientific literature. A communication strategy can be a presentational, identification, competitive and trust strategy. It is concluded that "pure" types of communication strategies can be singled out as a theoretical concept.

To the Discussion of Historical Politics in Russia

The article is an attempt to assess the potential of historical politics in contemporary Russia in the context of the Decree of the President of Russia dated May 08, 2024 “On Approval of the Foundations of the State Policy of the Russian Federation in the field of historical enlightenment”, and the tasks set in this document. Using the example of countries where historical politics was actively pursued — Poland and, to a lesser extent, Turkey, the author shows that the statement about the high effectiveness of historical policy for the consolidation of society is at least partly false, on the contrary, historical policy often provokes an internal conflict and, therefore, hardly contributes to the achievement of the tasks of historical education set by the president. On the contrary, the author sees the future of historical enlightenment in building a healthy memorial culture based on the synergy of historical studies, the education system and amateur cultural and historical projects that are gaining popularity in contemporary Russia.

ПОЛІТИЧНА І СУСПІЛЬНА ПРАКТИКА ІДЕОЛОГІЇ РАШИЗМУ ЯК ВАГОМИЙ ЧИННИК ГЛОБАЛЬНОЇ ДЕСТАБІЛІЗАЦІЇ

This work explores the political and social practice of the ideology of Rashism, which is continuously spreading and supported by the Russian Federation, both within its state and abroad. It has been discovered that this ideology stimulates the growth of international tension, undermines the foundations of international security and the domestic political stability of other countries, contributing to global destabilization. The study analyzes how the ideology of Rashism uses aggressive foreign policy and cultivates the idea of the “superiority” of its own nation, creating an “enemy” image for the consolidation of society and justification of its expansionist and repressive actions. The impact of the political and social practices of the Rashism ideology on global destabilization has been investigated. An urgent need for an active international response aimed at countering the spread and effects of this ideology has been identified. The research emphasizes the importance of international interaction and solidarity in combating the Rashism ideology, with the aim of ensuring peace, security, and stability in international relations, calling for collective actions to confront this threat.