Fear Of Consequences Research Articles

Fosnetupitant for the Prevention of Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: A Short Review and Clinical Perspective.

Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) is often ranked by patients as one of the most distressing and feared consequences of chemotherapy. The novel neurokinin-1 (NK1) receptor antagonist fosnetupitant, a phosphorylated prodrug formulation of netupitant, was approved in Japan in 2022. Fosnetupitant is one of the standard treatments for the prevention of CINV in patients who are receiving highly (any treatment where CINV occurs in more than 90% of patients) or moderately (where CINV occurs in 30-90% of patients) emetogenic chemotherapies. The aim of this commentary is to describe the mechanism of action, tolerability, and antiemetic efficacy of single-agent fosnetupitant in the prevention of CINV, and to discuss its clinical application, in order to aid optimal use.

Fear Message and Adoption of Barrier Measures: A Study of COVID 19 in the Cameroonian Population

Fear appeals have long been a means of persuasion to promote favorable health behaviors. In the case of COVID-19 in particular, the mere presence of this epidemic seems to have the psychological consequence of fear in many individuals. Resorting to fear appeals becomes an adjunct in the fight against this disease, which is characterized by uncertainty despite the vaccine proposals that litter the horizon. The purpose of this paper is to examine the variables that may promote the adoption of barrier measures related to COVID-19. To accomplish this, the researchers have conducted an online survey and processed the resulting data via SPSS.21 and Amos software. The results have shown that perceived efficacy, self-efficacy, and fear messages based on cultural practices are relevant for promoting the adoption of recommendations against COVID-19. In contrast, repeated fear messages and government statistics are not found to be very effective. On this basis, it is to be recommended that persuasive communication actors focus on fear messages in relation to the cultural aspects to which the population is much more attached. They should amplify communication about compliance with anti-Covid-19 barrier measures.

Assessment and management of children with head injury: practice and opinion

Background: Head injury is common in children with approximately 700 000 attendances at emergency departments annually; one-third are conveyed by ambulance. However, 75% of them are discharged with no treatment. Most head-injured children could be managed on scene. Aim: This study aimed to investigate paramedic assessment and management of children with minor head injury. Methods: A web-based survey of paramedics at one trust was carried out, and simple descriptive analysis was completed. Findings: Fifty-nine paramedics took part. Parental anxiety, mechanism of injury, presence of red flags, fear of consequences and safeguarding concerns were the most common reasons that paramedics convey children with head injury to the emergency department. Paramedics employ a variety of non-validated tools to help them assess and manage children with head injury, with the head injury guidance by the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence most used. A lack of confidence in wound closure was a key barrier to managing patients on scene, along with a perceived inability to manage children in general, limited GP availability, a lack of training in paediatrics and risk avoidance. Conclusions: Several factors inhibit the ability of paramedics to manage children with minor head injury on scene, leading to avoidable hospital conveyance. Three-quarters of paramedics said they would benefit from a clinical decision tool to support them in the assessment and management of children with minor head injury.

Exercise After Acute Myocarditis: When and How to Return to Sports.

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the myocardium secondary to infectious and noninfectious insults. The most feared consequence of myocarditis is sudden cardiac death owing to electrical instability and arrhythmia. Typical presenting symptoms include chest pain, dyspnea, palpitations and/or heart failure. Diagnosis is usually made with history, electrocardiogram, biomarkers, echocardiogram, and cardiac MRI (CMR). Application of the Lake Louise criteria to CMR results can help identify cases of myocarditis. Treatment is usually supportive with medical therapy, and patients are recommended to abstain from exercise for 3 to 6months. Exercise restrictions may be lifted after normalization on follow-up testing.

ЖИТЕЛЬНИЦЫ ПРОВИНЦИАЛЬНЫХ РЕГИОНОВ В БРАКОРАЗВОДНЫХ ПРОЦЕССАХ С ПРЕЛЮБОДЕЙСТВУЮЩИМИ МУЖЬЯМИ ВО ВТОРОЙ ПОЛОВИНЕ XIX – НАЧАЛЕ XX В.

The aim of the study was to study the peculiarities of the divorce process of women with adulterers both in the central dioceses and on the periphery in the second half of the 19th - early 20th centuries. The results of the study of the issue as a result of the analysis of cases of divorce by the Tver, Yaroslavl and Tobolsk spiritual consistories are presented. Particular attention is paid to the forms of male adultery that existed at that time and the dependence of the probability of ending the case in divorce on their severity. It was found that it was easiest to obtain permission for a divorce if there were witnesses who had the opportunity to confirm the husband's family relationship with another woman, and moreover, the birth of an illegitimate child with them. The article presents the stages of the divorce process due to male adultery, the main categories of terms for solving such cases. The hypothesis was confirmed that it was more difficult for peasant women than for representatives of other classes to get a divorce from a traitor husband, this was hampered by both low literacy and ignorance of the laws, and fear of consequences from her husband, and over time their literacy increased, and patriarchal views remained in early 20th century Of the cases examined, only in those related to peasant divorces did the spouses agree to reconcile, peasant cases almost never ended in divorce. Differences in motives are also interesting: for peasant women, the primary desire, even a necessity, was to enter into a new marriage in order to find a master, breadwinner and assistant in the house, for other estates, divorce was the motive, since treason was considered an “insult”.

Perception of Health Workers on Reporting of Adverse Events Following Immunization in Jigawa State, Nigeria, 2022

An adverse event following immunization (AEFI) is any untoward medical occurrence which follows immunization, and which does not necessarily have a causal relationship with the usage of the vaccine. Reporting of AEFI is suboptimal amongst healthcare workers (HCWs). This study aimed to determine health workers’ perception on AEFI reporting. A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among health workers in selected health facilities in Jigawa State. We used an Open data kit (ODK) based self-administered questionnaire to collect data on socio demographic characteristics, knowledge, and perception of respondents on AEFI. Data was analyzed using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS), for frequencies, associations and factors affecting HCWs perception of AEFI reporting at 5% significance (p-value<0.05) and 95% confidence interval. Perception was graded as: poor<50%, fair 50–70% and good ≥70%. Of the 400 respondents, 227(56.8%) had good perception. Building public trust in immunization (94.8%), to enable proper diagnosis and management (94.0%), elicit training needs (94.0%) and reduce consequences of AEFI on health workers (86.0%) were the main reasons for reporting AEFI. The barriers to reporting AEFI were time constraints (51.6%), poor feedback (48.8%) and fear of consequences (41.0%). AEFI knowledge (AOR 2.312, p=0.018) and receipt of feedback on reported AEFIs (AOR 0.45, p=0.026) were independent predictors of good perception of AEFI. Only 57% of health workers had a good perception of AEFI. To improve reporting of AEFI, there is need to train heath workers and strengthen feedback mechanism of AEFI surveillance system. Keywords: Adverse events following immunization, Health providers, Perception, Surveillance.

A qualitative study of the experience of touching betrayal and the strategies chosen by the betrayed person

Background: When there is betrayal and disloyalty in a family, the betrayed spouse suffers the most, resulting in mental health disorders and a loss of emotional and behavioral balance. The purpose of this study was to explain the divorce crisis in betrayed spouses.Method: This qualitative research was conducted as a content analysis method in Ahvaz, Iran. Data was gathered through 18 semi-structured interviews with 14 betrayed participants chosen using purposeful sampling. The data was analyzed using the traditional content analysis method.Results: After analyzing the data, three main themes and seven subcategories were identified. Among the themes were divorce issues, with subcategories such as "fear of disclosure," "moving towards divorce," and "fear of consequences, lack of support, and parent household problems."Conclusion: According to the findings, some of the study participants had not forgiven their spouse after discovering their betrayal and had broken up, but others had to ignore their partner's flaws and carry on with their lives for a variety of reasons, including a fear of losing their children, loneliness, and a lack of support. More research in this area is recommended.

Failure in Medical Practice: Human Error, System Failure, or Case Severity?

The success rate in medical practice will probably never reach 100%. Success rates depend on many factors. Defining the success rate is both a technical and a philosophical issue. In opposition to the concept of success, medical failure should also be discussed. Its causality is multifactorial and extremely complex. Its actual rate and its real impact are unknown. In medical practice, failure depends not only on the human factor but also on the medical system and has at its center a very important variable-the patient. To combat errors, capturing, tracking, and analyzing them at an institutional level are important. Barriers such as the fear of consequences or a specific work climate or culture can affect this process. Although important data regarding medical errors and their consequences can be extracted by analyzing patient outcomes or using quality indicators, patient stories (clinical cases) seem to have the greatest impact on our subconscious as medical doctors and nurses and these may generate the corresponding and necessary reactions. Every clinical case has its own story. In this study, three different cases are presented to illustrate how human error, the limits of the system, and the particularities of the patient's condition (severity of the disease), alone or in combination, may lead to tragic outcomes There is a need to talk openly and in a balanced way about failure, regardless of its cause, to look at things as they are, without hiding the inconvenient truth. The common goal is not to find culprits but to find solutions and create a culture of safety.

How does urban violence impact choices of cultural participation? The case of the Maré favela complex in Rio de Janeiro.

The impact of urban violence on society has been the subject of several studies, but the consequences of fear for habits of cultural consumption are missing in cultural economics research. This article investigates whether the fear of urban violence explains individuals' choice between different options of cultural participation with a particular focus on the activities of watching movies and listening to music. Based on individual data from a survey conducted in 2019 with 1211 residents from a conglomeration of sixteen favelas (slums) located in the Maré neighbourhood in Rio de Janeiro (Brazil), this study employs Simultaneous Bivariate Ordered Probit Models to verify the association between individuals' fear of violence and their choice of consuming culture in private or public spaces. Controlling for socioeconomic, demographic, and territorial variables, the findings indicate that consuming culture in private spaces is a substitute for public spaces when individuals are more afraid of violence. The results presented in this work provide evidence for the design and implementation of policies targeting territories impacted by high levels of violence.

Knowledge, Attitude and Practice towards Haemovigilance among Health care Professionals in North Karnataka

Haemovigilance Programme of India was launched in 2012 with the purpose to identify, analyse and learn the complications related to transfusion and blood donation, in order to avoid such complications in future. It is essential to identify the adverse transfusion reactions to reduce the incidence and make transfusion easier. Thereare rare reports available about knowledge, attitude, and practice of healthcare professionals towards haemovigilance. A prospective questionnaire survey was conducted for a period of three months in 100 Healthcare Professionals. Data was collected using pre-validated questionnaire and that questionnaire emphasized on knowledge, attitude and practice of healthcare professionals towards haemovigilance. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. From all the Participants, most of them were in the age group of 20-30 years i.e., 64% and 36% were physicians and 34% pharmacists. Among them 67% were aware about Haemovigilance and 64% did not have knowledge about how to report transfusion reaction. From the depicted results 44% had documented blood transfusion reaction, 56% didn’t document. Factors discouraging reaction, 56% of them had fear of consequences and 56% healthcare professionals said that due to lack of time they didn’t report any transfusion reaction. 86% participants opted thathealth care professionals should be trained in reporting. Most of healthcare professionals have a positive attitude towards transfusion reaction reporting but knowledge regarding the haemovigilance concept was poor and the majority of them never reported adverse transfusion reaction. There is a need for training program to strengthen the haemovigilance system, especially adverse transfusion reaction reporting.

Восприятие экзамена адъюнктами как предиктор отношения к трудной жизненной ситуации (психолого-онтологический аспект)

The materials of the conducted research of adjuncts of the Academy of Management of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, who are in a situation of having to pass a candidate's exam in the history and philosophy of science, are presented. Materials and methods. The study involved 58 adjuncts who underwent psychodiagnostic examination twice: 2 months before the exam and on the eve of the exam (for consultation before the exam). The following psychodiagnostic tools were used: The USK questionnaire (level of subjective control) modified by E.F. Bazhin, E.A. Golynkina, L.M. Etkind, Methodology for identifying coping strategies, A.M. Etkind's CTO, M. Lusher's Methodology. Results and discussion. The study made it possible to identify different groups of students who differ both in emotional response to the exam situation and in cognitive assessment and behavioral activity in a stressful situation. Conclusions. Understanding the mechanism of perception of the exam as a difficult life situation allows us to consider this situation as a training one for the formation of adequate coping strategies that young scientists who have embarked on a new path of professional research activity will definitely need. Thus, it can be assumed that it is possible to carry out activities in a wide range of professional situations, which acts as an indicator of the professional suitability of the subject of labor. Successful performance of activities in difficult, difficult conditions, in turn, indicates the level of formation of professional fitness of a specialist. To a professional in law enforcement agencies, when faced with various moral and physical overloads, the consequences of prolonged stress, fear and panic arising in operational and service-combat situations, the requirements for stability and reliability are especially high. Thus, the beginning of socially significant activity becomes a turning point in the social situation of the student's development, demonstrating to the society his (her) willingness to accept the "rules of the game" and meet the requirements that are imposed by professional activity.

Decompression Illness in a Scuba Diver With Significant Esophageal Injury

Scuba divers are at risk of decompression illness, of which arterial gas embolism is the most feared consequence. Severe complications involving the gastrointestinal tract are rare. In this report, we describe a case of an experienced scuba diver who was forced to rapidly ascend because of a mechanical failure. His course was complicated by severe esophageal mucosal injury including multiple ulcerations. Although he improved clinically, an esophageal stricture subsequently formed, which required dilation. This seems to be the first case report of significant esophageal injury resulting from decompression illness in a scuba diver.

Psychological Consequences of Fear of COVID-19: Symptom Analysis of Triggered Anxiety and Depression Disorders in Adolescents and Young Adults.

Among the innumerable consequences of the pandemic caused by COVID-19 are those of a psychological nature, among which we find fear. For this reason, it is important to carry out research on the fear of contagion and its behavior, especially in the population as a whole, and the consequences that these facts entail. The present study examines the fear of contagion and illness by COVID-19 and its relationship with symptoms of anxiety disorders and depression in a total of 1370 participants aged 16 to 29 years. The results indicate that fear of COVID-19, fear of death from COVID-19 infection, and concern that family members and/or friends will be infected with COVID-19 are predictors of symptoms related to depressive disorder. elderly and social phobia.

Exploring Transplant Medication-Taking Behaviours in Older Adult Kidney Transplant Recipients: A Qualitative Study of Semi-Structured Interviews.

Today, older adult patients routinely undergo kidney transplantation. To support graft survival, patients must take immunosuppressant medicines for the rest of their lives. The post-transplant medication regimen is complex, and barriers to medication taking are likely confounded by both functional and intrinsic changes associated with advancing age. To develop diverse and innovative approaches to support best health outcomes in this vulnerable age group, it is imperative that the degree to which patients' needs are currently being met, be identified. The aim of this study was to examine medication-taking behaviours of kidney transplant recipients transplanted at 60 years of age or older. This qualitative study used semi-structured patient interviews to explore how kidney transplant recipients currently manage their immunosuppressant regimen and how they cope after transplantation with the complex routine. Data were themed using the principles of Grounded Theory methodology; with interviews conducted until data saturation was reached. Quantitative information was collected from 14 participants who ranged in age from 66 to 77 years (at time of interview), and were prescribed a median of 13 (min: 10, max: 26) medicines. The main themes that emerged from the interview were variability in health literacy toward medicines, the importance of support networks, the need to adjust health expectations, factors that were motivators for self-care, different approaches to medication management, and different approaches to medication taking. Overall, it was found that patients prioritised medication taking above all else, and gratitude to their donor was a powerful motivator to adhere. However, strategies to support medication taking were sometimes ineffective when patients' routine changed. Future interventions should consider approaches to foster adaptable medication taking behaviours that stand up to changes in the day-to-day routine.

범죄피해와 지역무질서의 자영업자 범죄두려움 영향 분석

The majority of research on the causes and consequences of fear of crime have focused on personal fears. Even though the widespread crime rate and damage in Sole Proprietors, Sole Proprietor's fear of crime as distinct from personal fear of crime is an understudied phenomenon. The present paper sought to identifying the determinant of sole proprietor's fear of crime under three theoretical models(incivility, victimization, and confidence in the police). Using the Korea Institute of Criminology’s “Safety Survey of Commercial Victimization Survey in Korea, 2016” data, multiple regression analysis was conducted on 5,080 sole proprietors. Results indicate that incivility and victimization have a significant effect on sole proprietor's fear of crime. Furthermore, confidence in police has a significant moderating effect on relationship between incivility and sole proprietor's fear of crime. This results suggest that sole proprietor who perceives more incivility has more fear of crime and even though confidence in police high level has increased the level of fear of crime. Based on the results of the study, Policy implications and future limitations of the study are discussed.

Supplemental Material for Más Que Palabras: Understanding the Mental Health and Behavioral Consequences of Sociodemographic Risk and Deportation Fears in Latinx Families

Supplemental Material for Más Que Palabras: Understanding the Mental Health and Behavioral Consequences of Sociodemographic Risk and Deportation Fears in Latinx Families

Experiencing COVID-19 through the Eyes of Homeless Military Veterans: A Qualitative Study

Aims and Objectives: To explore the lived experience of homeless veterans during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Background: Homelessness is problematic in military veterans especially in a pandemic. Qualitative studies are needed to determine the needs of homeless military veterans during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: A qualitative, phenomenological approach was used to analyze data from interviews with homeless military veterans who had experienced the COVID-19 pandemic. Lincoln & Guba’s Qualitative Integrity Framework was used for Methodological Rigor. Data Collection: Semi-structured audiotaped interviews with field notes were used. Data Analysis: Creswell’s method of analyzing significant statements and the generation of meaningful units and essence description were implemented. Results: These already vulnerable homeless military veterans described fear, social isolation, psychological, employment, and financial consequences, as well as health care delivery changes during COVID. Conclusions: This study highlighted the disparities homeless military veterans experienced during the COVID- 19 pandemic. Nurses should understand the health and social concerns of this population to foster interventions that will help them adapt and persevere through a crisis.

Online patient feedback as a safety valve: An automated language analysis of unnoticed and unresolved safety incidents.

Safety reporting systems are widely used in healthcare to identify risks to patient safety. But, their effectiveness is undermined if staff do not notice or report incidents. Patients, however, might observe and report these overlooked incidents because they experience the consequences, are highly motivated, and independent of the organization. Online patient feedback may be especially valuable because it is a channel of reporting that allows patients to report without fear of consequence (e.g., anonymously). Harnessing this potential is challenging because online feedback is unstructured and lacks demonstrable validity and added value. Accordingly, we developed an automated language analysis method for measuring the likelihood of patient-reported safety incidents in online patient feedback. Feedback from patients and families (n=146,685, words=22,191,427, years=2013-2019) about acute NHS trusts (hospital conglomerates; n=134) in England were analyzed. The automated measure had good precision (0.69) and excellent recall (0.98) in identifying incidents; was independent of staff-reported incidents (r=-0.04 to 0.19); and was associated with hospital-level mortality rates (z=3.87; p <0.001). The identified safety incidents were often reported as unnoticed (89%) or unresolved (21%), suggesting that patients use online platforms to give visibility to safety concerns they believe have been missed or ignored. Online stakeholder feedback is akin to a safety valve; being independent and unconstrained it provides an outlet for reporting safety issues that may have been unnoticed or unresolved within formal channels.

Adaptation of Emotional Flexibility Scale: Its Association with Subjective Well Being and Resilience During Covid-19 Pandemic.

The corona virus (COVID-19) pandemic has led to a global health crisis causing fear and negative psychological consequences. In this study, the validity and reliability of the Emotional Flexibility Scale were evaluated in a sample of adolescents in Turkey. A total of 833 high school students from 65 different cities participated in the study. Emotional flexibility, adolescent psychological resilience, and adolescents' subjective well-being Scales were used as data collection tools. For the adaptation of emotional flexibility scale, confirmatory factor analysis, convergent validity, and reliability analyses were used. Also, the mediating role of subjective well-being on the relationship between emotional flexibility and resilience was tested. Emotional flexibility was found to be associated with subjective well-being and resilience. The results of the study show that the Emotional Flexibility Scale is a valid and reliable measurement tool in the sample of adolescents in Turkey.Supplementary InformationThe online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12187-022-09959-9.

“The most shocking thing was that I didn't respond to the abuse”: The peritraumatic responses and transitions as conveyed by survivors of continuous child sexual abuse

BackgroundChild sexual abuse (CSA) is a worldwide phenomenon with ongoing and far-reaching consequences for millions of children worldwide. It is a consensus among researchers that continuous CSA represents a unique challenge. ObjectiveThe current study aimed to explore the peritraumatic responses of survivors of continuous CSA as described in their written narratives of abuse. The transitions between the peritraumatic responses will also be examined, highlighting the unique context of continuous CSA. Participants and settingWritten narratives of CSA were recruited via an advertisement in the media inviting CSA survivors to share their stories of abuse on an anonymous online platform. The data collection was carried out under the Israeli Independent Public Inquiry on CSA. MethodsA qualitative thematic analysis was applied to 32 richly written accounts of abuse. ResultsThree peritraumatic responses were identified: the adaptive response, hinting, and attempts to fight and flight. Transitions between these responses were described by the survivors and addressed the heavy load of the abuse, realization of the abuse, fear of consequences and the central role of the survivor's environment. ConclusionsThe current study provides a unique platform for the exploration of peritraumatic responses in continuous CSA. Alongside the identification of three peritraumatic responses described by the survivors, the current study provides an initial glance into transitions between peritraumatic responses. This insight strengthens the developing notion that peritraumatic responses in the unique context of CSA are a top-down process, often shaped by various contexts and multidimensional dynamics in the children's lives.