Effects Of Different Types Research Articles

Sound pressure level in the speech signal due to the use of a mask or face shield

Introduction: the use of masks and face shields became widespread during the COVID-19 pandemic, but their impact on vocal health, especially in those who use their voice as a work tool, is not yet fully studied. This study investigates the effect of different types of masks and face shields on the sound pressure level of the voice, with special attention to the risk of developing vocal pathologies.Methods: voice recordings were made of 18 participants (11 women and 7 men) in an audiometric booth, measuring the equivalent continuous sound pressure level (Leq) with a sound level meter. The results obtained with different types of masks (surgical, KN95, with transparent window) and a face shield were compared.Results: no significant differences were found in Leq between the groups with and without protective elements. However, it was observed that women tend to increase the intensity of their voice when wearing masks or face shields, which could lead to greater vocal effort and a potential risk of developing long-term vocal pathologies.Conclusions: Although the use of masks and face shields is necessary in certain contexts, it is important to consider the possible consequences for vocal health, especially in women. The use of non-verbal language is recommended to complement communication and avoid combining KN95 masks with face shields when not strictly necessary.

The effect of different types of cupping therapy on acute changes in ankle dorsiflexion

IntroductionCupping therapy involves lifting and separating fascial tissue to facilitate stretching and promote blood flow. Although cupping is a common treatment modality for pain, various protocols exist and studies are inconsistent in regards to whether cupping improves outcomes such as range of motion. We aimed to determine the acute effect of different types of cupping therapy on ankle dorsiflexion. MethodsThirty-five generally healthy adults (mean ± SD; age: 22.1 ± 4.52 y; baseline ankle ROM: 34.68 ± 4.22°) were randomly assigned to one of four cupping therapy treatment groups: static, dynamic, static sham, or dynamic sham. Ankle ROM was measured using a digital inclinometer pre- and immediately post-intervention. ANCOVA was used to determine whether ROM differed between groups post-treatment when controlling for baseline ROM and the minimal detectable change (MDC) was used to determine clinical meaningfulness of the changes. ResultsBaseline ROM was significantly associated with post-intervention ROM (post-ROM: 38.41 ± 4.95°; p < .001), indicating an overall increase in ROM regardless of the intervention received. There was no difference in ROM between therapy groups post-intervention after controlling for baseline ROM. The dynamic cupping group experienced a change in ROM (baseline ROM: 34.11 ± 4.62°, post-ROM: 39.19 ± 6.44°) above the MDC (5.08°). ConclusionOur findings support cupping as a modality for improving ankle ROM in individuals with limited ROM. Dynamic cupping may be effective for improving ankle ROM due to the addition of functional movement. Clinicians may consider dynamic cupping as a potential intervention to address limited ankle ROM.

Comparing the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on mood-related symptoms and EEG activity in young healthy adults: A non-randomized pilot study

Background and aimsExercise offers several benefits in combating mood-related symptoms in humans. Participation in various types of physical activity improves brain and mental health. However, the different effects and mechanisms depending on the type of exercise on an individual's mood and brain remain unclear. This pilot trial aimed to reveal the feasibility of the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise on mood-related symptoms and explain the different patterns of brain waves. MethodsThis 15-week single-arm pre-test/post-test trial including 3 measurement periods was held in Seoul, Republic of Korea. Overall, 18 healthy participants aged 19–29 years were recruited. After 6 weeks of respective aerobic and resistance exercise, anxiety/depression-related questionnaire scores and electroencephalography (EEG) changes were measured (single blinded outcome assessment). Specifically, changes in frontal alpha asymmetry (FAA), absolute band power of beta waves, and theta waves were measured in the prefrontal and frontal regions, which play a critical role in regulating mood and cognition. ResultsResistance exercise resulted in a significant reduction in Beck Depression Inventory-II scores (p = 0.002, effect size = 0.76) while significant improvement was shown in Beck Anxiety Inventory scores (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.77) after aerobic exercise. In regarding EEG analysis, ten participants completed the assessment. After resistance exercise, there was a significant elevation in frontal beta waves (p = 0.01, effect size = 0.81). Aerobic exercise did not result in significant EEG changes. There were no adverse events related to study participation. ConclusionOur findings suggest that resistance and aerobic exercises may be feasible for the alleviation of mood-related symptoms and EEG activities. As our pilot trial has a small sample size and did not include a control group, future research that accurately reflects the effects of different types of exercises on mood symptoms and changes of EEG activities is required.

Investigation on effect of different types of inoculants on the solidification of ductile cast iron using thermal analysis

PurposeProducing superior-quality ductile cast iron demands the use of various intricate inoculants. In addition to iron and silicon, these materials also include alloying elements like calcium, barium, cerium, bismuth and zirconium. These elements are effective in minimizing carbide solidification and enhancing the formation of eutectic cells, thereby resulting in improved cast iron quality.Design/methodology/approachThis article discusses the findings of an investigation on how various inoculants impact critical thermal analysis parameters such as undercooling, recalescence and their correlation with the nucleation of graphite nodules and shrinkage tendency.FindingsFor the study, five distinct inoculants with varying active components in their chemical composition were utilized. The particular formulation of the inoculant has a notable impact on the extent of undercooling during the solidifying process of ductile cast iron. Investigation indicates that incorporating inoculant reduces the temperature at which austenite dendrites form and raises the eutectic freezing temperature. Upon analyzing the microstructure, it is found that the inclusion of inoculation led to a rise in the nodule count from 103 to 272 nodules.Originality/valueAn increased graphite factor, which denotes the growth of graphite nodules during the subsequent stage of the eutectic reaction, supports the benefits of inoculation. Ce and Bi-inoculation have increased the growth of graphite nodules in the cast area during solidification compared to other inoculant formulations. This enhanced production helps in decreasing the size of macroporosity.

Effect of different types of fine aggregates on fatigue resistance and self-healing of fine aggregate asphalt matrices

Fatigue cracking is one of the most common types of distress in asphalt pavements. Each asphalt concrete (AC) constituent and its interactions are relevant to characterize the resistance to fatigue cracking of the ACs. Also, for the selection of materials, it is essential to consider not only the capacity of the material resist to fatigue cracking but also its ability to heal. Materials owning self-heal properties can enlarge the ACs fatigue life. Many former studies investigated the self-healing of bituminous materials at the binder level. However, this material property can be dependent on the binder-aggregate interactions. Thus, the current work aims to evaluate the influence of using different fine aggregates on the fatigue cracking resistance and self-healing capacity behavior of fine aggregate matrices (FAMs). First, granite, basalt, and mica schist aggregates were subjected to physical, morphological, and mineralogical characterization. Then, three FAMs were fabricated with the same asphalt binder and these different fine aggregates. To evaluate the fatigue cracking resistance and self-healing capacity of the FAMs, frequency sweep and time sweep tests were conducted. The simplified viscoelastic continuum damage (S-VECD) theory was used to interpret the results of those tests. The mineral composition of the aggregates impacted the stiffness and the fatigue life of the FAMs. However, there was no significant influence of the aggregates on the self-healing capacity of the FAMs, since there was no significant increase in the fatigue life of the materials after the resting periods in the time sweep tests.

Is the Internet to blame for problem behaviours in early adolescents? The effects of different types of Internet use, depression, and self-control

ABSTRACT This study explored the relationships between three types of Internet use (i.e. educational, socialising, and entertainment) and externalising behaviours in early adolescents. Using a representative sample of early adolescents in China (N = 819, Mage = 11.76), the result revealed that the indirect effect of educational Internet use on externalising behaviours was serially mediated by depression and self-control. Meanwhile, entertainment Internet use was found to be indirectly associated with a higher level of externalising behaviour via self-control. Last, socialising Internet use was found to have no effect on externalising behaviours and the two mediators. Theoretical implications for Internet use and externalising behaviours, as well as practical implications for problematic behaviour interventions are discussed.

Acute effects of different types of stretching exercises on explosive power: A pilot study

Athletes usually use warm-up and stretching exercises before starting a vigorous physical activity. The aim of this study was to investigate the positive and negative effects of different stretching and flexing exercises on kicking acceleration performance in taekwondo. A total of 12 elite taekwondo athletes (7 boys and 5 girls) with an average age of 20.75±1.48 years, an average height of 171±10.06 cm, an average body weight of 61.8±11 kg, and an average Body Mass Index (BMI) of 21.1±2.5 kg/m2 participated in this study. For the kick acceleration test (KAT), an accelerometer was used by attaching it to the ankle of the participants with the help of a smart phone and a smart watch. For KAT measurements, static stretching exercise (SSE), dynamic stretching exercise (DSE), proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercise (PNFE) and ballistic stretching exercise (BSE) methods were applied on different days during the warm-up phase. In this study with elite level Taekwondo athletes, significant differences were found between palding chagi and dollyo-chagi kick acceleration values after SSE and PNFE applications (p

Effect of hold-type on cyclic life and microstructural evolution of an austenitic stainless steel

The present work investigates the effect of different type of hold on the change in microstructure and cyclic life. i.e., number of cycles to failure of the 304LN grade austenitic stainless steel at an elevated temperature. The strain-controlled low cycle fatigue and creep-fatigue interaction tests were carried out in air at 540 °C for constant total strain amplitude levels of ± 0.5 % and ± 0.7 %. The duration of hold-time was maintained at a constant level of 600 s at peak tensile, compressive and both peak tensile-compressive strain during different creep-fatigue interaction tests. Due to incorporation of creep damage, the cyclic life of the creep-fatigue interaction-tested samples has been found to be lower than that of the low cycle fatigue-tested samples. The tensile-hold appears to have maximum impact on reduction in cyclic life during creep-fatigue interaction tests followed by tension-compression hold and compressive hold. The scanning electron microscopy and electron back scattered diffraction analyses of creep-fatigue interaction-tested samples have revealed that the grain size coarsening, reduction in twin boundary fraction and increase in average Kernel Average Misorientation are the key factors in reduction of cyclic life.

Effect of fiber types on fire-induced spalling and thermal performance of UHPC circular columns

Ultra-high-performance concrete (UHPC) emerged as a promising material for modern construction, offering unparalleled strength, durability, and versatility. However, there is limited research regarding UHPC's response to fire, prompting urgent investigation and analysis. This paper presents an experimental study focused on evaluating the effect of different types of fibers on the fire performance of UHPC circular columns. The fiber types considered in this study included steel fibers (SF), a hybrid mix of steel and polypropylene fibers (SPPF), and polyvinyl alcohol fibers (PVAF). Additionally, a control column was cast without the inclusion of any fibers. All UHPC specimens were subjected to standard fire exposure, following the ASTM E119 fire test. The results indicated a substantial resistance to spalling with the incorporation of fibers. Moreover, the column featuring PVAF exhibited the lowest internal temperature readings among the columns. Columns reinforced with SF and SPPF exhibited uniform spalling on all sides.

Deciphering the effects of different types of high-temperature Daqu on the fermentation process and flavor profiles of sauce-flavor Baijiu

The fermentation of sauce-flavor Baijiu requires high-temperature Daqu as the starter, which is classified into three types: white, yellow, and black. Recent studies highlighted the variability of the microbiota and metabolome profiles of these three types of Daqu, however, what functions they precisely provide in the sauce-flavor Baijiu brewing process remains unclear. In this study, white, yellow, and black Daqu in five different proportions were utilized as starters in field-scale Baijiu fermentation, with the control group lacking Daqu inoculation. Fermented grains inoculated with 100% white Daqu (47.7 °C) had the highest temperature during stacking fermentation, while 100% black Daqu and control groups were lower than 45 °C. Lactic acid (12.6–22.0 mg/g) was the most abundant organic acid, followed by acetic acid (0.7–5.0 mg/g). qPCR analysis revealed that bacterial biomass decreased during fermentation, while fungal biomass increased. A comparison with the control revealed that Daqu contributed high-temperature resistant microorganisms to the stacking fermentation process, primarily Kroppenstedtia, Virgibacillus, Byssochlamys, Thermoascus, and Thermomyces. Meanwhile, stacking fermentation promoted the enrichment of Acetobacter, Kazachstania, and Leiothecium. Mantel test and co-occurrence network analysis revealed that utilizing different fermentation starters could vary the biotic and abiotic factors that drive microbial community succession. We investigated the flavor of Baijiu further, and found that fermentation with white Daqu enhanced the accumulation of ethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, and isobutanol, whereas black Daqu increased the accumulation of ethyl lactate, lactic acid, and furfural. This study contributes to the rational usage of different types of Daqu in the manufacturing of Baijiu.

Effects and neural mechanisms of different physical activity on major depressive disorder based on cerebral multimodality monitoring: a narrative review.

Major depressive disorder (MDD) is currently the most common psychiatric disorder in the world. It characterized by a high incidence of disease with the symptoms like depressed mood, slowed thinking, and reduced cognitive function. Without timely intervention, there is a 20-30% risk of conversion to treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and a high burden for the patient, family and society. Numerous studies have shown that physical activity (PA) is a non-pharmacological treatment that can significantly improve the mental status of patients with MDD and has positive effects on cognitive function, sleep status, and brain plasticity. However, the physiological and psychological effects of different types of PA on individuals vary, and the dosage profile of PA in improving symptoms in patients with MDD has not been elucidated. In most current studies of MDD, PA can be categorized as continuous endurance training (ECT), explosive interval training (EIT), resistance strength training (RST), and mind-body training (MBT), and the effects on patients' depressive symptoms, cognitive function, and sleep varied. Therefore, the present study was based on a narrative review and included a large number of existing studies to investigate the characteristics and differences in the effects of different PA interventions on MDD. The study also investigated the characteristics and differences of different PA interventions in MDD, and explained the neural mechanisms through the results of multimodal brain function monitoring, including the intracranial environment and brain structure. It aims to provide exercise prescription and theoretical reference for future research in neuroscience and clinical intervention in MDD.

The Role of Dietary Fiber in Gastrointestinal Health: Focus on Irritable Bowel Syndrome and Diverticular Disease

Dietary fiber (DF) encompasses a variety of plant-derived carbohydrates resistant to human digestive enzymes, significantly influencing gastrointestinal health. This study examines the role of DF in managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) and Diverticular Disease (DD), utilizing comprehensive analysis from PubMed, Google Scholar, and Embase. IBS, affecting 10-20% globally, involves complex brain-gut interactions, motility issues, and microbiota changes. Soluble fiber like psyllium reduces IBS symptoms by improving stool consistency and regulating bowel movements. However, the role of DF in DD is more nuanced. While the reports on the impact on diverticulosis prevalence are contradictory, numerous moderate-quality studies confirmed the protective effect against recurrent diverticulitis and hospitalization. The effect of different fiber types on this matter was not widely explored which might explain the discordances between the studies. Further research is essential to fully understand the diverse effects of different types of DF on gastrointestinal (GI) health. This way, exhaustive guidelines specific to each fiber type and disease phenotype could be developed, allowing to tailor the dietary recommendations to each patient, optimizing the management of symptoms of IBS and DD, and improving the quality of life.

Optimal modalities and doses of mind-body exercise for depressive symptoms in adults: A systematic review of paired analyses, network analyses and dose-response meta-analyses.

The relative efficacy of various mind-body exercises in the treatment of depressive symptoms remains uncertain. We examined the optimal modalities (Tai Chi, qigong, yoga) and dose of mind-body exercise to improve depressive symptoms in adults. A systematic search of six electronic databases for randomized controlled trials on the relationship between exercise and depression was carried out, encompassing data from their inception up to November 2023. Pairwise analyses, network analyses and dose-response meta-analyses using random-effects models were performed to analyse the effect of exercise on depression. Forty studies were included. Results showed that Yoga [standardised mean difference (SMD) = -0.55; 95% confidence interval (CI): (-0.76, -0.35)] was the most effective form of exercise for improving depressive symptoms, followed by Qigong (SMD = -0.52; 95%CI: -0.92, -0.11) and Tai Chi exercise (SMD = -0.42; 95%CI: -0.71, -0.13). In addition, a non-linear dose-response relationship was found between overall mind-body exercise dose and depression levels and a significant response was observed after 260 METs-min. Our study examined the effectiveness of different types of mind-body exercise in improving depression and found that yoga may be the most effective adjunctive intervention. There was a non-linear dose-response relationship between total exercise and depression levels. However, caution should be exercised in interpreting and applying these results.

The Efficacy of Various Orthodontic Appliances in the Treatment of Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Objective. The goal of this review was to determine the effectiveness of different types of monobloc and bibloc mandibular advancement device (MAD) devices in the treatment of all forms of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), by reviewing the available literature. Methods. A systematic literature search was performed in PubMed, ResearchGate, NCBI and Google Scholar databases. The search included articles in English, published in the inclusive time period from 2000 to 2024. Results. A total of 13 studies were analyzed that directly compared the effectiveness of monobloc and bibloc devices. The studies were published in the period from 2000 to 2024, and included crossover and parallel randomized controlled trials, as well as cross and parallel cohort studies. Out of the 13 studies, four were classified as RCT parallel studies, six were RCT crossover studies, two cohort parallel studies, and one cohort crossover study. The duration of the studies was variable, ranging from four weeks to one year, with six studies having a so-called “washout period” between the use of monobloc and bibloc MAD devices. Conclusion. Both monobloc and bibloc devices show significant success rates in the treatment of mild to moderate OSA.

Different outcomes of endurance and resistance exercise in skeletal muscles of Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy.

Exercise is widely considered to have beneficial impact on skeletal muscle aging. In addition, there are also several studies demonstrating a positive effect of exercise on muscular dystrophies. Oculopharyngeal muscular dystrophy (OPMD) is a late-onset autosomal dominant inherited neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the PAPBN1 gene. These mutations consist in short (1-8) and meiotically stable GCN trinucleotide repeat expansions in its coding region responsible for the formation of PAPBN1 intranuclear aggregates. This study aims to characterize the effects of two types of chronic exercise, resistance and endurance, on the OPMD skeletal muscle phenotype using a relevant murine model of OPMD. In this study, we tested two protocols of exercise. In the first, based on endurance exercise, FvB (wild-type) and A17 (OPMD) mice underwent a 6-week-long motorized treadmill protocol consisting in three sessions per week of running 20cm/s for 20min. In the second protocol, based on resistance exercise generated by chronic mechanical overload (OVL), surgical removal of gastrocnemius and soleus muscles was performed, inducing hypertrophy of the plantaris muscle. In both types of exercise, muscles of A17 and FvB mice were compared with those of respective sedentary mice. For all the groups, force measurement, muscle histology, and molecular analyses were conducted. Following the endurance exercise protocol, we did not observe any major changes in the muscle physiological parameters, but an increase in the number of PABPN1 intranuclear aggregates in both tibialis anterior (+24%, **P=0.0026) and gastrocnemius (+18%, ****P<0.0001) as well as enhanced collagen deposition (+20%, **P=0.0064 in the tibialis anterior; +35%, **P=0.0042 in the gastrocnemius) in the exercised A17 OPMD mice. In the supraphysiological resistance overload protocol, we also observed an increased collagen deposition (×2, ****P<0.0001) in the plantaris muscle of A17 OPMD mice which was associated with larger muscle mass (×2, ****P<0.0001) and fibre cross sectional area (×2, ***P=0.0007) and increased absolute maximal force (×2, ****P<0.0001) as well as a reduction in PABPN1 aggregate number (-16%, ****P<0.0001). Running exercise and mechanical overload led to very different outcome in skeletal muscles of A17 mice. Both types of exercise enhanced collagen deposition but while the running protocol increased aggregates, the OVL reduced them. More importantly OVL reversed muscle atrophy and maximal force in the A17 mice. Our study performed in a relevant model gives an indication of the effect of different types of exercise on OPMD muscle which should be further evaluated in humans for future recommendations as a part of the lifestyle of individuals with OPMD.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Electrospun PVA Nanofiber Containing ZnO/Curcumin for Wound Healing Application.

The development of biocompatible wound dressings containing therapeutic agents to accelerate wound healing is an interesting field of study in biomedical sciences. Polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) nanofibers were loaded with zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO NPs) and curcumin (Cur) through electrospinning. Thedressings were characterized by SEM and XRD and FTIR. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and cytotoxic activities Cur/ZnO/PVA nanodressing were evaluated using DPPH radical scavenging assay, disc diffusion method, and MTT assay, respectively. Cur/ZnO/PVA nanodressing showed sustained Cur release about 19.7% and 61.1% after 8h and 168h, respectively. Cur/ZnO NPs/PVA mixture had higher antioxidant potential than PVA, ZnO NPs, and Cur. The dressing showed a good antibacterial effect. The in vivo wound healing effect of different types of prepared dressings, includingPVA, Cur/PVA,Cur/ZnO/PVA, and ZnO/PVAnanofibers, was also investigated. PVA dressing containing Cur/ZnO NPs resulted in the highestincrease of wound contraction in rats. The assembly of Cur and ZnO NPs on PVA nanofibers could propose as an effective delivery method toimprovethe wound healing process. The investigated wound dressing could be commercialized and used on a large scale after proper further studies, including clinical trials.

The Impacts of Gradually Dismantled Scaffolding on Learning Performance, Learning Engagement, and Self-Regulated Learning in Elementary School mBot Courses

In Taiwan, there is an increasing prevalence of robotics and programming integration in education, propelled by the national curriculum’s emphasis on competency development. This study focuses on the utilization of mBot robots in elementary school education to investigate the efficacy of incorporating self-study record sheets with gradually dismantled scaffolding for technology-assisted autonomous learning. The study explores the impact on learning performance, engagement, and self-regulated learning in mBot courses. The study employed a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design with nonequivalent control group methodology. The experimental group utilized gradually dismantled scaffolding worksheets during technology-assisted autonomous learning, while the control group did not. Data analysis demonstrated that using scaffolding significantly improved learning performance and engagement. However, no significant impact on self-regulated learning was observed. Future research can explore the interaction between instructional strategies and student characteristics and investigate the effects of different types of scaffolding on learning outcomes in robotics tasks. Additionally, examining transfer effects and the impact of increased practice examples can further enhance students’ autonomous learning in robotics education.

Effects of high-quality neurosurgical nursing care on improving clinical nursing quality.

With continuous advancements in medical technology, neurosurgical nursing is constantly developing and improving to provide higher-quality nursing services. To explore the effects of different types of high-quality nursing care on clinical nursing quality and patient satisfaction in neurosurgical nursing. Eighty patients who received neurosurgical treatment in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from June to December 2020 were selected as study participants and categorised into study and control groups. The study group comprised 40 patients who received 4 different types of high-quality nursing care, whereas the control group comprised 40 patients who received conventional nursing care. After a specific period, nursing satisfaction levels and adverse event and complication rates were compared between the two groups. Satisfaction with high-quality care was higher than that with conventional care, and high-quality health services and regional services showed the highest satisfaction levels, with an average score of 12 on the Glasgow scale. The satisfaction levels of the study and control groups were 75% and 57%, respectively, with a statistically significant difference (t = 7.314, P < 0.05). During the nursing period, the adverse event and complication rates were the highest in patients with level III pathology grade and those who underwent neurosurgery (40.02% and 85.93%, respectively), and the difference was statistically significant. In neurosurgical nursing, employing appropriate high-quality nursing methods can effectively reduce adverse event and complication rates in patients, thereby improving the quality of nursing care and increasing clinical nursing value.

Advances in Research on the Impact of Diet on Human Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolites

As research into gut microbiota deepens, the impact of diet on the composition of human gut microbiota and their metabolites has gradually become a focal point. This paper reviews recent advancements in understanding how diet influences gut microbiota composition and their metabolic products. Firstly, it introduces the basic concepts of gut microbiota and their role in maintaining health. Next, it explores the effects of different types of diets (such as high-fiber, high-fat, high-protein, and refined sugar diets) on the composition of gut microbiota and analyzes their impact on microbiota diversity. Then, it discusses the influence of diet on gut microbiota metabolites, including short-chain fatty acids, amino acid metabolites, and gases. Further, it examines the practical applications of dietary interventions on health, especially their potential impact on chronic diseases. Finally, the paper summarizes the limitations of current research and suggests future research directions and challenges. Overall, the influence of diet on gut microbiota and their metabolites holds profound health significance and provides important evidence for formulating scientific dietary recommendations.

Effect of dual tobacco smoking of hookah and cigarettes on semen parameters of infertile men.

The research regarding the effect of hookah smoking on health is still deficient, even though it has been proven to jeopardize human health by raising the hazard of different types of cancers, infections, and cardiovascular disease. We aimed to study the effect of dual tobacco smoking (hookah and cigarettes) on semen parameters of infertile men. In this cross-sectional study, we studied the effect of different types of smoking patterns on human semen parameters among men who visited IVF laboratories to do a seminal fluid analysis (SFA). A total number of 761 participants were included, divided into the following: 108 dual smokers, 219 hookah smokers, 222 cigarette smokers, and 212 non-smokers. To analyze the effect of dual smoking on normal morphology, an interaction term between the cigarette index and hookah index was used. Multivariable regression analysis after adjustment for age, BMI, education level, children, chronic diseases, varicocele, testicular surgery history, infertility duration, and cause revealed no significant difference in the sperm concentration and the percentage of progressive motility between non-smokers, cigarette smokers, or hookah smokers. However, there was a significant difference in the log of normal morphology percentage between the three groups. Cigarette and hookah smoking were significantly associated with having lower percentages of normal morphology. There was a significant difference in the log-normal morphology %, where light and heavy dual smokers had the least exponential beta of log-normal morphology %, 0.43 (95% CI: 0.33-0.55) and 0.36 (95% CI: 0.24-0.53), respectively. Dual tobacco smoking can adversely affect sperm morphology.