Consequences Of Collaboration Research Articles

Collaboration Among Early Childhood Professionals in Higher Education

Collaboration among professionals is promoted in various disciplines. In the context of this literature review, I define collaboration as an ongoing multidimensional process that includes interaction, time commitment, the exchange of expertise, and the maintenance of a professional working relationship with stakeholders to promote best outcomes. There is an absence of collaboration among early childhood professionals: those supporting children and families and those in higher education. The absence of collaboration among early childhood professionals is a disservice to children, their families, and future early childhood professionals. Early childhood professionals in higher education have an ethical obligation to collaborate with one another to promote skills, knowledge, and pedagogical practices that will produce graduates of the highest quality. A consequence of collaboration is that graduates will be better prepared to make the greatest possible difference by supporting children and their families to achieve equal outcomes and well-being.

Stakeholder perspectives on cooperation in the clinical and nonclinical health technology assessment domains.

The aim of this study was to deliver insights from multiple stakeholders into actual and future collaboration for health technology assessment (HTA) in general and in oncology in particular. Eighteen semi-structured interviews were conducted with experts from European HTA bodies (HTAbs), former board members of the European Network for Health Technology Assessment (EUnetHTA), and representatives from the pharmaceutical industry, a regulatory agency, academia, and patient organizations. The stakeholders were asked about their support of the EUnetHTA's intent, about the general strengths and challenges of the EUnetHTA and its Joint Action 3 (JA 3), the strengths and challenges of the clinically oriented HTA collaboration in oncology during JA 3 across the technology life cycle, about future challenges to HTA in oncology with consequences for collaboration, and about collaboration in the economic domains of HTA. The transcribed interviews were analyzed qualitatively. The participants perceived the intention and work quality of the EUnetHTA as positive. The experts described methodological, procedural, and capacity challenges in early dialogues (EDs) and rapid relative effectiveness assessments (REAs) meant to analyze clinical effectiveness in oncology. The majority attached increasing importance to collaboration in the future to cope with the uncertainty of HTA. Several stakeholders also proposed the incorporation of joint postlaunch evidence generation (PLEG) activities. Some gave sporadic suggestions for voluntary nonclinical collaboration as well. Stakeholders' continued readiness to discuss the remaining challenges to and sufficient resources for implementing HTA regulation, as well as further cooperative expansion along the technology life cycle, are necessary for improved HTA collaboration in Europe.

Clinical profile of COVID-19 patients and their length of stay: Tertiary care hospital experience.

ABSTRACTBackground:SARSCoV-2, a coronavirus that causes COVID-19, is spreading rapidly. By the middle of August-2021, it has affected over 3 million confirmed cases in India. The main aim of this study was to examine the clinical profile of COVID-19 patients and their length of stay during treatment in a hospital.Materials and Methods:It was a hospital-based retrospective study conducted by using a total enumeration technique in July–August 2021 at Nehru Hospital, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER) in India. The present study was conducted on 72 COVID-19 patients who took treatment in 4C and 5C wards. Structured questionnaires were used to collect data, which included bio-demographic factors and questions about their treatment and length of stay.Results:The majority of the 72 COVID-19 positive patients were men (62%), belonged to the age group of 41–60 years (35%), had SpO2 levels ranging from 91%–95% (45%), and received room air O2 therapy (63%) during their treatment in the hospital. Female patients had a longer length of stay (7.33 days), patients under the age of 20 years had the longest hospital stay (11.5 days), patients with SpO2 less than 70% had the longest hospital stay (8 days), and patients who received oxygen using a non-rebreathing mask had the longest hospital stay (11 days).Conclusion:To avoid panic situations, regular admission and discharge of patients was essential due to the considerable increase in cases during the second wave. Patient length of stay was reduced as a consequence of collaboration and cooperation among all physicians, residents, staff nurses, and paramedics, with the goal of discharging the patient after a room air trial and follow up if needed.

Tinjauan Yuridis terhadap Penggunaan Jasa Pihak Ketiga (Debt Collector) dalam Menagih Kredit Bermasalah pada PT Adira Dinamika Multifinance TBK

The use of third party services by financing company PT Adira Dinamika Multifinance through a third party Service Company (debt couecton to perform a collection function for consumers or debtors who are difficult to collect by being declared in default. Regulations for the use of third party services by financing companies are regulated in POJK No. /POJK.05/2018 concerning the Implementation of Business Financing Companies, where financing companies can collaborate with other parties (third party services) with the aim of collecting non-performing loans., The consequences of collaboration between third party services and financing companies to collect non-performing loans that the finance company is fully responsible for the cooperation carried out if there is an act that violates the law in accordance with POJK Number 35 / POJK.05 / 2018. However, if the financing company has carried out the prescribed procedure and the third party service continues to commit acts against the law, then the liability will be borne by the third party's services in order to collect non-performing loans. This research uses normative legal research. The technique of collecting legal materials in this study is to collect from literature studies using documentary / recording techniques obtained related to primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials

THE ROLE OF COLLABORATION VALUE CHAIN DESIGN AT REWARD-BASED CROWDFUNDING PLATFORMS AND MUSIC INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA

<em>Industry 4.0 has brought many changes, in the financial sector there is financial technology. One form of financial technology is crowdfunding. Creative industries are quite high sectors that use crowdfunding as a funding model. This research includes collaboration between crowdfunding and the music industry. In the process of collaboration between the crowdfunding and the music industry, the parties need to conduct a value chain analysis and find out their competitive advantages to maximize fundraising. The consequence of collaboration between the crowdfunding and the music industry is the presence of new business models accompanied by changes in the value chain. This study aims to determine value chain design collaboration between reward-based crowdfunding and the music industry. This research is based on the value network theory, using a qualitative approach with multi-cases study design. This research was conducted by gathering information through interviews with crowdfunding and the music industry. The results show that collaboration leads to changes in value chain design. Crowdfunding has changed the pattern of production in the music industry with its involvement in funding, sales, and distribution. Other forms of crowdfunding and other creative industries require further investigation. This study aims to help practitioners understand how reward-based crowdfunding is changing the music industry.</em>

Collaboration: Does It Require Pragmatic Thought?

The authors of this column consider the subject of collaboration in terms of healthcare practice, research, and education. To that end, the concept of pragmatism is discussed as a precursor to collaboration followed by consideration of specific instances of collaboration in practice, research, and education. Additionally, the consequences of collaboration are discussed.

The Needs of Collaborative Tool for Practicing Pair Programming in Educational Setting

<p class="0abstract">Pair programming is a technique which is introduced for helping programmers to develop high quality codes. Beside technical aspects, collaboration and working in team are the important skills needed in practicing the technique. These skills are essential to be instilled among our engineering students. Pair programming (known as PP) is one of Agile software development technique which introduces collaborative ways for programmers to develop software. Many advantages have been reported when one practiced the technique, which include improve team communication and productiveness, reduction in defect counts, and at the same time lessen development time. Among students, the technique was also reported to enhance students’ learning and satisfaction, as well as students’ learning skills. In order to get the full benefits of pair programming technique, however, correct guidance must be provided to the students. In this study, we proposed a collaborative pair programming tool for students in practicing the technique. The tool offers all features required to allow the collaboration for the pair programming technique to work. The tool is designed and developed using Visual Basic Studio software. A database is incorporated to store students’ information. An experiment was conducted to evaluate the students’ performance with and without using the tool. Results showed that the tool can help improving students’ performance in terms of quality of codes, and lessen their time in completing their coding. These are the consequences of collaboration and team work skills that they have been practicing when using the tool.</p>

THE ROLE OF COLLABORATION VALUE CHAIN DESIGN AT REWARD-BASED CROWDFUNDING PLATFORMS AND MUSIC INDUSTRY IN INDONESIA

<em>Industry 4.0 has brought many changes, in the financial sector there is financial technology. One form of financial technology is crowdfunding. Creative industries are quite high sectors that use crowdfunding as a funding model. This research includes collaboration between crowdfunding and the music industry. In the process of collaboration between the crowdfunding and the music industry, the parties need to conduct a value chain analysis and find out their competitive advantages to maximize fundraising. The consequence of collaboration between the crowdfunding and the music industry is the presence of new business models accompanied by changes in the value chain. This study aims to determine value chain design collaboration between reward-based crowdfunding and the music industry. This research is based on the value network theory, using a qualitative approach with multi-cases study design. This research was conducted by gathering information through interviews with crowdfunding and the music industry. The results show that collaboration leads to changes in value chain design. Crowdfunding has changed the pattern of production in the music industry with its involvement in funding, sales, and distribution. Other forms of crowdfunding and other creative industries require further investigation. This study aims to help practitioners understand how reward-based crowdfunding is changing the music industry.</em>

Entangled inversions: Actor/analyst symmetry in the ethnography of infrastructure

In this paper we argue that the normal work of practitioners engaged in the design and use of information systems involves socio-technical reflections on these systems that are essentially symmetrical to the reflections that we social scientists make in our ethnographic observations of those actors and their systems. This has important consequences for research methods because it shifts ethnographic fieldwork amongst such practitioners from a ‘study of’ a given community or project towards an entangled process of semi-collective reflection on these systems and practices. To articulate this reframing, we first explore the notion of “infrastructural inversion” to show how information infrastructure studies has always in theory understood actors and analysts to be both doing infrastructural analyses, and we extend this insight to our understanding of ethnographic fieldwork and methods. Next, we relate two of our recent fieldwork experiences amongst designers of information systems in the sciences to show practically how, through the course of research, we became entangled with our subjects through the sharing of notes and analytical insights, engaging in jointly authored papers and otherwise collectively making sense of the partially connected worlds in which we work. Finally, we move to a discussion of what we see are the entailments of this reframing of fieldwork, focusing on how all of this changes our understandings of collaboration and reflexivity in ethnography. Overall we suggest that our frame promotes an attunement to the field as a place of heterogenous engagements rather than simple observation, and asks the fieldworker to be both conceptually and ethically open to the possibilities and consequences of collaboration with those that they study.

A Measure of Intra-University Collaboration: Faculty Gender Imbalance on Doctoral Dissertation Committees in Engineering Disciplines

Aim/Purpose: This article presents an analysis of female faculty representation on dissertation committees in comparison to the percentage of women faculty in departments of engineering in 2013 and 2014. Background: Collaboration is an indication of a robust research program, and the consequences of collaboration may benefit one’s academic career in numerous ways. Gender bias, however, may impede the development of intra-university collaborations, thereby inhibiting professional success. Methodology: Nine universities were examined (Carnegie Mellon University, Case Western Reserve University, Cornell University, Duke University, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Northwestern University, Rice University, University of Pittsburgh, and Vanderbilt University) across six different engineering departments (civil, chemical, mechanical, materials, biomedical, and electrical). Contribution: This paper reveals how an analysis of gender balance of faculty representation on doctoral committees can help advance an institution's understanding of the level to which collaboration with female colleagues may be occurring, thereby providing insight to the climate for women. Findings: A potential gender imbalance does exist in select cases. In aggregate, the percentage of female engineering faculty on dissertation committees compared to within each university revealed a disparity of less than 6% points. Recommendations for Practitioners: Examining how well represented female engineering faculty are on dissertation committees can be an important measure of levels of collaboration within an institution and of how well women are being integrated into the existing culture. Recommendation for Researchers: More in-depth research, including a study of correlation with other relevant indicators, may reveal additional insight to why gender bias exists on doctoral committees and how to lessen its occurrence. Impact on Society: The results of this study may increase awareness of gender bias and encourage faculty to be more inclusive and collaborative, particularly with their female colleagues, and as a result may help improve the climate for women faculty in engineering. Future Research: This study opens a discussion about the potential for gender imbalance and bias within an institution, particularly with respect to collaboration and inclusion. Future work may explore other indicators beyond doctoral committee representation.

Collaboration between Public Sectors and Community Organizations to Inhibit the Insurgencies Occurring in the Unrest Areas in the Southernmost Provinces

The present study purposes to identify the consequences of collaboration between public sectors and community organizations and to study influential factors towards collaboration to inhibit insurgencies in the unrest areas in the southernmost provinces. There were sixteen key informants habituating organizations situated in both rural and urban areas that include leaders, committees, or members who are deployed as representatives of the organizations in the southernmost provinces, and ten people in a focus group. The research instrument was semi - structured interviews. It was found that three phases of collaboration between public sectors and community organizations in the southernmost provinces are: 1) pre-insurgency collaboration in conducting activities and projects due to government policies; 2) insurgent periods collaboration in coordination, following up, and communication; 3) post-insurgency, collaboration in habitation, healing, and assistance. Moreover, influential factors towards collaboration to inhibit insurgencies in the unrest areas in the southernmost provinces, e.g. trustworthiness and communication between public sectors and community organizations, participation in peace processes, community administration, identity expression, and policy appropriateness. Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-2: 90-95

Environmental and socioeconomic benefits of a division of labour between lowland and mountain farms in milk production systems

Swiss mountains and lowlands feature different climatic and topographic conditions for agricultural production. Thus, farmers developed a collaborative dairy production scheme, where they take advantage of the specific environment of the two regions. In this contract rearing system, the young stock is reared on a mountain farm and the more intensive milk production is performed in the lowlands. This system is an example for the principle of comparative advantage, where each region focuses on the activity where it has the lowest opportunity costs. We hypothesised that the same principle can also be applied in an environmental context, to reduce the environmental impacts of agricultural production. Based on the life cycle assessments of average dairy farms, we could show that the absolute environmental impact was higher on mountain farms for both, the production of one heifer for restocking and the production of one kg milk. However, they had a comparative environmental advantage for rearing, as the young stock was better suitable for their local conditions than the dairy cows. Therefore, milk produced in collaboration between lowland and mountain farms had an up to 4.5% lower non-renewable energy demand and used up to 30.9% less potassium and up to 5.2% less phosphorus resources compared to non-collaborative production. Further consequences of collaboration were a reduced workload and income on mountain farms, and a potentially increased income on lowland farms. We conclude that the principle of comparative environmental advantage is appropriate as a screening method to identify suitable production systems for less favoured regions. However, the total effects of a possible division of labour among regions need to be assessed in a more holistic way where possible side-effects on other aspects are considered as well.

Do professional service firms benefit from customer and supplier collaborations in competitive, turbulent environments?

Although recent research on business-to-business professional service firms (PSFs) emphasizes the role and consequences of collaboration with business partners, we know little regarding the conditions under which bright-side benefits of PSF interfirm collaboration turn into dark-side drawbacks. Our study shows that customer and supplier collaborations have both bright and dark sides, and their benefits with respect to helping a PSF to drive service performance are contingent on the levels of the environmental competition and turbulence. In particular, we show that increasing levels of competitive intensity and environmental turbulence encountered by a PSF can diminish the capacity of customer and supplier collaborations to drive service performance. When the level of competitive intensity increases, the benefits of customer collaboration become more positive; however, the dark-side of supplier collaboration becomes more pronounced, which negatively influences service performance. When the level of environmental turbulence increases, the dark-side of customer and supplier collaborations becomes more critical and the benefits derived from interfirm collaboration to promote service performance can be lost.

Concept analysis of collaboration in implementing problem-based learning in nursing education.

ObjectivesThe purpose of this concept analysis was to better understand and define collaboration as it relates to the implementation of problem-based learning (PBL).MethodsThe process of concept analysis was conducted in three phases; namely, theoretical or literature review, empirical or fieldwork; and analysis phases. Rodgers’ evolutionary approach was used to clarify the attributes, antecedents, surrogate, related terms and consequences of collaboration in implementing PBL. The search key terms were ‘collaboration’, ‘problem-based learning’, ‘nursing’ and ‘nursing education’. The search was performed in the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Medline and PsycINFO databases. The articles were reviewed for trends that would reflect the current knowledge for collaboration as a concept. Descriptive qualitative study was used to collect data purposively from participants of three universities offering PBL in Republic of South Africa and three hospitals where PBL students are placedResultsCollaboration in implementing PBL is described as using the following terms: interpersonal, interactive and personal process, shared goal and governance. The antecedents of collaboration include commitment and support; common goal; formal agreement; training and development; and monitoring and evaluation of tools and mechanisms. Consequences of collaboration in implementing PBL are as follows: information, resource and expertise sharing; personal development and mentoring; creation of supportive and nurturing environment; professional socialisation; improved students’ outcomes; and effective utilisation of resources.ConclusionEffective collaboration within nursing education and with other healthcare professionals to achieve quality outcomes in an increasingly interdependent higher education system continues to grow in importance.

Social Media Use Among Physicians and Trainees: Results of a National Medical Oncology Physician Survey.

Cancer management requires coordinated care from many health care providers, and its complexity requires physicians be up to date on current research. Web-based social media support physician collaboration and information sharing, but the extent to which physicians use social media for these purposes remains unknown. The complex field of oncology will benefit from increased use of online social media to enhance physician communication, education, and mentorship. To facilitate this, patterns of social media use among oncologists must be better understood. A nine-item survey investigating physician social media use, designed using online survey software, was distributed via e-mail to 680 oncology physicians and physicians in training in Canada. Responses were analyzed using descriptive statistics. A total of 207 responses (30%) were received; 72% of respondents reported using social media. Social media use was highest, at 93%, in respondents age 25 to 34 years and lowest, at 39%, in those age 45 to 54 years. This demonstrates a significant gap in social media use between younger users and mid- to late-career users. The main barrier to use was lack of free time. The identified gap in social media use between age cohorts may have negative implications for communication in oncology. Despite advancements in social media and efforts to integrate social media into medical education, most oncologists and trainees use social media rarely, which, along with the age-related gap in use, may have consequences for collaboration and education in oncology. Investigations to further understand barriers to social media use should be undertaken to enhance physician collaboration and knowledge sharing through social media.

Mapping Collective Sensemaking in Communication: The Interprofessional Patient Case Review in Acute Care Rounds

Mapping Collective Sensemaking in Communication: The Interprofessional Patient Case Review in Acute Care Rounds

Exploration of the concept of collaboration within the context of nurse practitioner-physician collaborative practice

Collaboration in the healthcare setting is a multifaceted process that calls for deliberate knowledge sharing and mutual accountability for patient care. The purpose of this analysis is to offer an increased understanding of the concept of collaboration within the context of nurse practitioner (NP)-physician (MD) collaborative practice. The evolutionary method of concept analysis was utilized to explore the concept of collaboration. The process of literature retrieval and data collection was discussed. The search of several nursing and medicine databases resulted in 31 articles, including 17 qualitative and quantitative studies, which met criteria for inclusion in the concept analysis. Collaboration is a complex, sophisticated process that requires commitment of all parties involved. The data analysis identified the surrogate and related terms, antecedents, attributes, and consequences of collaboration within the selected context, which were recognized by major themes presented in the literature and these were discussed. An operational definition was proposed. Increasing collaborative efforts among NPs and MDs may reduce hospital length of stays and healthcare costs, while enhancing professional relationships. Further research is needed to evaluate collaboration and collaborative efforts within the context of NP-MD collaborative practice.

Interorganisationele samenwerking in de publieke sector - Een casestudie naar een netwerk van organisaties rond criminele jongeren

Interorganizational collaboration in the public sector. A case study on a network of organizations around criminal youth.Recently, the municipality of Amsterdam initiated the ‘Top600 approach’ in which more than 30 organizations should cooperate in order to get 600 young violent offenders back on the right track. This article describes the intended and the existing collaborative relationships and investigates which factors affect whether collaboration has come about. Hypotheses are derived from previous American studies on this topic. A social network analysis shows that there are three times as many collaborative relationships between the organizations as intended. And most of the factors that played a role in the American context, also influenced the degree of interorganizational collaboration in the Netherlands (Amsterdam). A history of collaboration and common organization goals – factors that exist regardless of the Top600 approach – are playing a major role. Among the specific policies of the Top600 approach especially the making of agreements on cooperation is effective. Finally, for the frequency of contact and for mutual respect, understanding and trust it is not clear whether they lead to collaboration or whether they are a consequence of collaboration. Most likely they mutually reinforce each other. 1. Inleiding

Abstract PL04-01: The promise of GWAS studies to assess cancer prevention

Abstract Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have transformed the discovery of common susceptibility alleles for a wide spectrum of cancers. GWAS have been a highly successful approach for discovering common susceptibility alleles. Already, over 220 regions have been conclusively established (i.e., achieving genome-wide significance) in two-dozen cancers1. GWAS have uncovered new clues to biological insights as a consequence of collaboration between epidemiologists, statisticians, and geneticists. Since GWAS can be effectively scaled to accelerate discovery, the major challenge ahead is to determine how to establish the critical connection between the genetic markers and carcinogenic processes that underlie complex phenotypes, such as cancer. The rapid pace of discovery using the GWAS approach has not been matched by research to interpret and understand the functional significance of different alleles that are correlated with cancer phenotypes. The gap between the number of new independent markers and a biological understanding of the loci continues to widen, at an accelerated pace. The success of GWAS as a tool for discovery has raised a new series of questions. It is now possible to begin to estimate the underlying genetic architecture of genetic susceptibility alleles for specific cancers and explore both their main effect and interaction with either other genetic variants or environmental exposures. There are a few examples of GWAS findings that have lead to new insights into processes that could be targets for either prevention or treatment. Based on sound scientific insights, new approaches will begin to emerge and contribute to novel strategies for prevention and therapy. Citation Format: Stephen J. Chanock. The promise of GWAS studies to assess cancer prevention. [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the Eleventh Annual AACR International Conference on Frontiers in Cancer Prevention Research; 2012 Oct 16-19; Anaheim, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Prev Res 2012;5(11 Suppl):Abstract nr PL04-01.

When the Game Is Not Enough: Motivations and Practices Among Computer Game Modding Culture

The actual meanings computer game modders attach to their actions and practices remain heavily underresearched. This article takes a look at the attitudes and everyday practices of the people who make game modifications, with special focus on the forms and consequences of collaboration between hobbyists. The case discussed in the article is the shooter-game Operation Flashpoint (OFP) and the modding scene around it. The article proposes that there is no such thing as an average computer game modder. It is suggested that the distinctions can be drawn based on the objective of projects (missions, add-ons, mods), modder motivations (playing, hacking, researching, self-expression, cooperation), and notions on the ownership and potential commercialization of their work. Given the forecasts concerning the growing significance of player-made content, this study can offer some down-to-earth findings from the long established tradition of game modding.