Congenital Laryngeal Cyst Research Articles

Saccular Cyst of the Larynx - A Clinical Case

Saccular cyst of the larynx is a benign supraglottic lesion, filled with mucus. It forms from the laryngeal sac, which is a soft tissue mass that is an extension of the laryngeal ventricle. Due to the extreme rarity, the true prevalence of the disease is unknown, although congenital laryngeal cysts have been reported to affect 1 in 300,000 newborns. The gold standard for diagnosing of saccular laryngeal cysts is laryngoscopy. Treatment of saccular cysts can only be done surgically, using endoscopic or external access. It is believed that endoscopic CO2 laser excision is the treatment of choice.

TREATMENT OF CONGENITAL LARYNGEAL CYSTS IN NEWBORNS.

Congenital laryngeal cysts are rare lesions that may occur in newborns, characterized by symptoms of respiratory obstruction and severe dyspnea. The aim of this study was to indicate optimal surgical treatment of congenital laryngeal cysts in newborns. We present a case series of five neonates treated for congenital laryngeal cysts during the 2011-2017 period at our pediatric tertiary care hospital. Patient age ranged from one day to 14 days. All patients had unilateral cysts. After surgical excision, burning of the walls of the cysts was performed by a CO2 laser. In one case, after four months, a recurrent cyst appeared, and re-operation was performed. Our relatively small case series indicates that symptoms such as stridor and labored breathing can occur already during the first days of life and potentially endanger the patient's life. Complete excision of the cyst and burning of its walls with CO2 laser leads to complete cure and prevent recurrence of the lesion.

Endoscopic approach to congenital laryngeal cysts

Vallecular cysts are uncommon entities that present with common upper airway symptoms. A challenging but important diagnosis in young infants, vallecular cysts present with stridor, difficulty feeding or sleep apnea. Awake fiberoptic laryngoscopy is most integral to diagnosis and planning for definitive surgical intervention. Suspension microdirect laryngoscopy with marsupialization offers a straightforward and successful means of treatment for most patients. Marsupialization may be undertaken by various instruments including cold steel, laser, coblation, or monopolar cautery.

A Rare Presentation of Congenital Aryepiglottic Cyst With Concurrent Laryngomalacia

Congenital laryngeal cyst remains a rare but possible cause of airway obstruction that requires urgent referral to an otorhinolaryngology centre. Vallecular cyst commonly present immediately after birth with variable degree of airway obstruction symptoms depending on its size, but presentation of aryepiglottic cyst with concurrent laryngomalacia remains a conundrum as there are very few cases reported. Unlike the more obvious manifestation of stridor or increasing respiratory effort in most supraglottic cyst or laryngomalacia, the neonate presented only with weak cry which masqueraded early suspicion and referral of an airway pathology. We provide discussion on the rare clinical presentation aryepiglottic cyst with synchronous laryngomalacia and its management.

Congenital laryngeal cyst causing respiratory distress in a neonate: a rare case report

Congenital laryngeal cyst is a rare but responsible of upper airway obstruction which can be potentially life-threatening. The most common symptoms are inspiratory stridor, dyspnea, cyanosis, abnormal voice and difficulty with feeding. It should be differentiated from laryngomalacia. It is diagnosed by flexible fibro-optic laryngoscopy. Surgical options are endoscopic excision, needle aspiration, de-roofing, external laryngo-fissure and lateral pharyngotomy. The best treatment consists in the entire removal of the cyst. This case report described the case of 28 days old neonate with a severe airway distress and stridor caused by a congenital laryngeal cyst which has been managed by de-roofing of the cyst entirely with flexible laryngoscope.

Congenital laryngeal cyst causing repeated airway obstruction in a six-year-old girl

Journal of Pediatric and Adolescent Surgery is an official Journal of The Association of Paediatric Surgeons of Pakistan (APSP). This is a peer reviewed and open access hybrid medium journal and is published both as an electronic and print versions. The journal is launched in June 2020 with a mission statement “Improving patient care by publishing quality research”. The journal has a unique objective to not only focus Pediatric Surgery but also Adolescent Surgery, which is a transition of care from Pediatric Surgeons to General surgeons. Only few journals are being published on Adolescent Surgery and not a single journal aims at Pediatric Surgery with Adolescent context, which justifies need of a new journal on this subject.

Endoscopic technologies in treatment 7-month-old child with multiple laryngeal cysts

Introduction. Subglottic cysts are a rare clinical entity among infants and children. The annual incidence of congenital laryngeal cysts is quoted as 1,82 per 100,000 live births. The majority of cases present in neonates born at the extremes of prematurity and invariably have been intubated and managed in neonatal intensive care units. Clinically, the pathology manifested as upper airway obstruction, stridor, and dysphonia. Various surgical techniques have been proposed for the treatment of patients with laryngeal cysts. In a large percentage of cases, tracheostomy is required, especially in patients with large cysts due to the development of symptoms of respiratory failure.
 Purpose. The aim of this study is to demonstrate that endoscopic technologies in the treatment of laryngeal cysts in children can be useful to avoid tracheostomy and lead to an uneventful recovery.
 Materials and methods. We present a clinical case of managing a 7-month-old child with multiple laryngeal cysts from the Department of Thoracic Surgery in the National Medical Research Center for Childrens Health Federal state autonomous institution of the Russian Federation Ministry of Health.
 Conclusion. In the presented case, we demonstrate that modern minimally invasive techniques to treat laryngeal cysts restore the lumen of the respiratory tract. facilitate the course of the postoperative period, achieve complete patient recovery, and avoid tracheostomy.

A rare case of congenital laryngeal cyst and its surgical management

<p class="abstract">Congenital laryngeal cyst is a rare occurrence. It is an important but rare cause of neonatal stridor and should be kept as a provisional diagnosis after ruling out laryngomalacia. The case study tells us the importance of doing a laryngoscopic examination in every neonate presenting with stridor. The patient in our study underwent endoscopic marsupialization of the cyst which happens to be the treatment of choice in case of a laryngeal cyst.</p><p class="abstract"> </p>

Congenital laryngeal saccular cyst: a case report and literature review

Introducción. El quiste sacular congénito es una lesión rara, pero benigna, dada por la dilatación del sáculo laríngeo que se llena de moco y que no se comunica con el lumen laríngeo. Según la literatura, su tratamiento definitivo es quirúrgico. Objetivo. Realizar una revisión de la literatura y el reporte de un caso de quiste sacular laríngeo congénito y su tratamiento mediante abordaje endoscópico y uso de radiofrecuencia.Materiales y métodos. Se realizó la presentación del caso clínico y se llevó a cabo una revisión de la literatura en las bases de datos de Pubmed y Tripdatabase usando palabras claves descritas.Resultados. Esta patología es escasa, con una incidencia de 1.82 casos por 100 000 nacidos vivos. El diagnostico se realiza por medio de endoscopia laríngea, imágenes o revisión de la clínica. El caso expuesto es de una paciente recién nacida que presenta estridor y dificultad respiratoria y es diagnosticada con quiste sacular laríngeo, el cual es resecado de forma quirúrgica por medio de endoscopia con uso de radiofrecuencia. El procedimiento da como resultado la no reaparición del quiste.Conclusiones. Pese a no existir muchos reportes de caso, hay que conocer las características del quiste sacular congénito para poder realizar el tratamiento adecuado con los recursos disponibles. Es posible realizar resección endoscópica de esta lesión si es <3cm por medio de radiofrecuencia, un método seguro y eficaz.

Congenital laryngeal cyst: A report of 2 cases

Congenital laryngeal cysts are uncommon cause of neonatal stridor. They are usually located at the supraglottis. Congenital laryngeal cysts of the vocal cord and subglottis are extremely rare with only few cases being reported in the literature. Herein, we describe 2 cases of congenital laryngeal cysts of the vocal cord and the subglottis respectively.

Neonatal stridor and laryngeal cyst: Which comes first?

Neonatal stridor is a rare condition usually caused by laryngomalacia. Congenital laryngeal cyst represents an uncommon cause of stridor in the neonatal population and may be misinterpreted as laryngomalacia, leading to serious morbidity and mortality if diagnosis and treatment are delayed. Herein we report the case of a full-term infant with stridor, feeding problems and failure to thrive. Initially, direct laryngoscopy diagnosed only laryngomalacia. As stridor worsened, however, and respiratory distress appeared, repeat laryngoscopy showed vallecular laryngeal cyst, visible macroscopically. The patient was successfully treated with endoscopic marsupialization. There was no evidence of recurrence at follow up after 3months. This case highlights the importance of laryngoscopic assessment for suspected laryngeal abnormalities in infants with stridor. If symptoms worsen, endoscopy should be repeated, because congenital laryngeal cysts may not be immediately visible macroscopically.

The clinical characteristics and surgical options of congenital laryngeal saccular cysts

Objective:To evaluate the clinical characteristics and surgical options for CLSCs.Method: Thirty-two CLSC patients underwent a total of 59 surgeries were recruited for this study. Needle aspiration was performed in 18 cases and excision of the roof in 9 cases. Except 1 case of open operation through cervical approach, 31 cases were underwent endoscopic procedure using CO₂ laser and microsuturing of the wound surfaces.Result: The time of recurrence depended on surgical approaches: 5-12 days for needle aspiration and 1-10 months for excicing roof of the cyst. No recurrence was found after the complete resection of the cyst wall using a CO₂ laser and microsuturing of the wound surfaces via an endoscopic procedure and open operation.Conclusion:CO₂ laser and microsuturing of the wound surfaces via an endoscope is a effective approach to cure and prevent recurrence of CLSCs.

Endoscopic Assisted Coblation of Congenital Vallecular Cyst – A Novel Technique

To the Editor: Congenital laryngeal cysts are a rare entity and are potentially dangerous because of inspiratory stridor in newborns. They comprise about 5 % of benign laryngeal lesions [1, 2]. We present a technique utilizing Coblation technology, which results in bloodless dissection and no risk of airway fire. We use a 0° 4 mm nasal endoscope, Mckintosh and Coblator (Smith & Nephew, USA) for this procedure. A 4 mm nasal endoscope is inserted into the oral cavity visualizing the vallecular cyst (Fig. 1a). The surgeon introduces the Procise max Coblat ion (Fig. 1b) wand into the oral cavity. Coblation of the cyst is undertaken and excision is carried onto the base making sure to remove the lining completely (Fig. 1c and d). We did not use any postoperative steroids since there is no edema due to the low temperatures of this method. We have done two cases utilizing this technique. The first patient was an 8-wk-old child who had presented to the Pediatric emergency with noisy breathing since birth and difficulty in breathing since last 2 wk. Child also had difficulty in feeding since 2 wk. CT Scan of the child showed a cyst like structure in the valleculae, which was confirmed on laryngoscopy. The second child was 10-wk-old who presented with stridor and difficulty in feeding since 10 d. Direct laryngoscopic examination showed it to be a vallecular cyst, which was confirmed on imaging. None of the children have shown any recurrence 3 mo post operatively and are on regular follow up. The annual incidence of vallecular cysts shows a variation among many studies; from 5.3 cases per 100,000 live births to 1.87 and 3.49 cases per 1 0 0 , 0 0 0 l i v e b i r t h s [ 3 , 4 ] . A f i b e r o p t i c nasopharyngoscope is a great tool for diagnosis in children. Vallecular cysts develop either as an embryological malformation or as a consequence of ductal obstruction of mucus glands. Coblation means COntrolled aBLATION. It creates a controlled, plasma field to precisely remove tissue at a low temperature, resulting in minimal thermal damage to surrounding soft tissues and structures. Temperatures are between 40 °C and 70 °C with thermal penetration of less than 1100 μm. Endoscopic assisted coblation of congenital vallecular cyst is a safe procedure. It is quick, precise and bloodless. There is no edema or charring post operatively. * Ramandeep Singh Virk virkdoc@hotmail.com

Congenital laryngeal cyst in newborn

The paper describes a case of congenital laryngeal cyst in 11 months old child, successfully treated in Otorhinolaryngology Clinic of Saint Petersburg State Pediatric Medical University. The authors consider the algorithm of diagnostics and optimal surgical tactics for patients with congenital pathology of larynx development.

The clinical characteristics of congenital laryngeal saccular cysts

Conclusion: The first step when treating newborns and infants with hoarseness and dyspnea is to consider the possibility of CLSCs. The appropriate operation can then be chosen based on the cyst sub-type. Complete resection of the cyst wall is the key to preventing recurrence. Background: A laryngeal saccular cyst is an unusual congenital lesion that appears clinically during the neonatal period or early infancy. Because few reports on congenital laryngeal saccular cysts (CLSCs) exist, this study investigated the clinical features of patients with a history of CLSCs to determine the clinical characteristics of this disease. Methods: The data from 28 CLSC patients admitted to Beijing Tongren Hospital from July 2004 to September 2014 were reviewed. Gender, age at onset of symptoms, number of surgical procedures performed, effect of the operation, and CLSC classification were analyzed. Results: CLSCs accounted for 0.79% of laryngeal operations during the study period. Of the cases examined, 35.7% (10/28) had first been treated as laryngomalacia. With respect to cyst type, 17.9% (5/28) were anterior laryngeal saccular cysts, and 82.1% (23/28) were lateral saccular cysts. The patients underwent a total of 53 surgeries, including 21 procedures performed at other hospitals. The time to recurrence of the cysts following needle aspiration ranged from 5–10 days. The time to recurrence after the roof of the cyst was excised ranged from 1–10 months. There were no recurrences after the complete resection of the cyst wall using a CO2 laser and microsuturing of the wound surfaces via an endoscopic procedure, which is much better than the 41% of endoscopic de-roofing cases which recurred reported by Mitchell et al.

Congenital Laryngeal Cyst in Newborn

Case of congenital laryngeal cyst in 11 month’s children, successfully treated in ENT department SPSPMU. Diagnostic and optimal surgical tactic for patients with cystic laryngeal dysplasia are described

English

INTRODUCTION: Congenital Laryngeal Cysts are a rare cause of neonatal airway obstruction. Most cases of the infants with Stridor are usually evaluated for laryngomalacia, croup, acute laryngotracheobronchitis and vocal cord paralysis. Flexible laryngoscopy in awake infant helps in identifying the cause for respiratory embarrassment. It can be easily managed once diagnosed. It will lead to high morbidity and mortality if one misses the true diagnosis. CASE PRESENTATION: A male infant aged 2 months was brought with the complaints of labored breathing since birth and developing Stridor since 3 days. Flexible awake laryngoscopy was done to diagnose the condition as Cyst of the Larynx. It was excised by micro laryngeal surgery. DISCUSSION: Various authors have classified the cysts of larynx depending upon their cell of origin, site of origin and its route of expansion. They are mainly ductal type and saccus type with or without endodermal elements. Treatment is either by endoscopic excision, marsupialization or excision through an external approach. CONCLUSION: Even though rare Cysts of larynx as a cause of infantile respiratory embarrassment should be kept in mind. Initial aspiration will confirm as well as help in intubation before undertaking micro surgery. Proper planning and total excision of the sac wall allowing the dependent drainage will avoid recurrence.

Laryngeal cysts in infants and children—A pathologist's perspective (with review of literature)

ObjectivesTo expose the rarity of the phenomena of congenital laryngeal cysts. Additionally, a discussion is presented in support of the basic similarities between laryngeal duplication cyst and bronchogenic cyst and a proposal to use the term ‘bronchogenic cyst’ (appended by the location) is put forth. Materials and methodsThree cases of cysts of the larynx, two in the neonate and one, in a child were discovered in the pediatric age group from the archives of the Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore. ObservationsLaryngeal duplication cyst/bronchogenic cyst in a 6-day-old male infant was lined by predominantly respiratory with focal squamous epithelium. The wall contained fibromuscular bundles within a myxoid stroma studded with seromucinous glands. The fibromuscular bundles were positive for smooth muscle actin (SMA) and negative with desmin. A 3-year-old male child diagnosed of laryngocele had the cyst lined by respiratory epithelium and the wall densely infiltrated with lymphoid cells. A 20-day-old male neonate with laryngomalacia had a small arytenoid cyst lined by squamous epithelium. ConclusionOn morphological grounds, a laryngeal duplication cyst may be called a bronchogenic cyst and published reports do not deny that both these entities are cognate. Hence, pathologists should enjoy the freedom to write ‘bronchogenic cyst’ as the final impression if the histological features should so indicate. Otolaryngologtists however might term the congenital cyst as Type 1, 2a or 2b (according to Forte's classification) taking into account the laryngoscopic, radiologic, intraoperative and pathological findings.

Emergency Airway Obstruction in Newborn Due to Congenital Saccular Cyst

Laryngeal cyst causing neonatal airway obstruction during labor is a very rare condition [1]. Congenital laryngeal cysts are a rare cause of neonatal airway obstruction. Traditionally, these cysts have been treated surgically by endoscopic excision or marsupialization. However, the cyst often extends beyond the larynx. We describe a case of a newborn that, during delivery, became cyanotic due to airway obstruction and respiratory distress. To the best of our knowledge this is the first report of a saccular cyst obstructing airway during birth prior to intubation. The immediate and late treatments together with a literature review are described.

Congenital Saccular Cyst of the Larynx: A Rare Cause of Stridor in Neonates And Infants

Stridor is a noise caused by the passage of turbulent air through a diminished airway caliber. Laryngomalacia is the most common congenital anomaly of the larynx and the principal cause of stridor in children under 6 months.A less common aetiology of stridor and respiratory distress in newborns and infants is congenital laryngeal saccular cyst. This entity should be considered in the differential diagnosis of stridor. Early recognition and proper treatment are essential because it can cause life-threatening airway obstruction.We describe our experience with 4 patients with this disease, 3 of them were successfully treated with microsurgical resection of the cyst, and we emphasise the importance of considering the endoscopic evaluation of the airway in every child exhibiting stridor with an unexpected evolution to determine the causal lesion.