Conflict Resolution Process Research Articles

Implementing a novel process for solving contentious conservation problems: The genetic status of K'gari wongari (Fraser Island Dingoes) as a case study

SummaryMany conservation problems remain intractable because of conflicting views between policymakers, managers, researchers, conservationists and community stakeholders. Novel approaches to resolving these conflicts are required to achieve conservation outcomes that are more broadly acceptable. The conservation and management of K'gari wongari (Fraser Island's Dingoes) is emblematic of such a situation. Here we describe the successful implementation of a novel approach to advancing one such formerly intractable issue – assessing the genetic health and status of the island's Dingoes to resolve latent conflicts and assist protected area managers with their conservation activities. We developed a participatory, independent approach centred on community workshops to identify research priorities, expert workshops to identify appropriate research methods, then the commissioning of independent scientific research to address community priorities in accordance with the experts' suggested methods. The overall aim of the project was to provide managers with robust and policy‐ready information on the genetic health and status of the Dingoes – information that also met community expectations and was widely supported by subject matter experts. The participatory approach of the project achieved this aim and was completed successfully and satisfactorily for all involved despite the occurrence of some expected challenges and necessary compromises. Here we describe the background to the problem, how the project was designed, the key challenges the project faced during implementation, and the key learnings from the exercise, thereby highlighting its innovative features as a participatory conflict resolution process. This process could be applied to advance other conservation problems hampered by conflicting stakeholder views.

Couples therapy and the challenges of building trust, fairness, and justice.

The cornerstone of the contextual family therapy model is predicated on the belief that all family members benefit from trustworthy relationships, which result from (a) acknowledging the contributions of deserving family members, (b) engaging in responsible interactions, and (c) ensuring a fair distribution of relational burdens and benefits. Nonetheless, conflicts may arise when one partner asserts a claim to relational resources based on need, while the other believes they are entitled to such resources based on merit. Based on relational ethics and the development of trust, this paper focuses on the therapist's role in facilitating the conflict-resolution process to assist couples in reestablishing individual responsibility and accountability within the systemic framework of couple therapy. It elucidates several clinical strategies, including (a) cultivating trust through fairness and focusing on the importance of reciprocity and equitable give-and-take, (b) detecting destructive entitlement, and (c) marital relationships and ethics of care. Several clinical examples are discussed, as well as common couple relational issues associated with horizontal and vertical relationships, partnership, and fusion, and the impact of gender and power dynamics and trustworthiness based on the feminist lens.

Does vibrotactile biofeedback for postural control interfere with cognitive processes?

BackgroundDirectional vibrotactile biofeedback for balance control can be instructed in the form of Repulsive (to move in the opposite direction of vibrations) or Attractive (to move in the direction of vibrations) stimulus encodings. However, which of these encodings is less cognitively demanding and poses less interference with high-level cognitive processes of conflict resolution remains unresolved.MethodsIn two between-subject studies with 30 (16 females) and 35 (23 females) healthy young adults, respectively, we investigated the cognitive load of Attractive and Repulsive vibrotactile biofeedback on 1) working memory (Study I) and 2) cognitive conflict resolution (Study II). Both studies also examined the effectiveness of both feedback stimulus encodings on balance control during quiet standing with eyes closed.ResultsBoth Attractive and Repulsive vibrotactile biofeedback increased balance stability (reduced trunk sway variability) in both the working memory and the conflict resolution study (Study I and II, respectively) with a greater increase of stability for the Repulsive encoding during multitasking demanding cognitive conflict resolution (Study II). Cognitive costs, measured in terms of the Linear Integrated Speed-Accuracy Score (LISAS), were greater for the Attractive encoding during multitasking with working memory demands. When cognitive conflict resolution was required as a secondary cognitive task, both stimulus encodings increased cognitive costs equally.ConclusionsThe effects of instructed Repulsive and Attractive stimulus encodings for the response-related interpretation of vibrotactile biofeedback of body sway were contrasted with respect to cognitive processing demands and balance stabilisation benefits. Both encodings improved balance stability but at certain cognitive costs. Regarding interference with specific high-level cognitive processes, however, a distinction has to be made between both encodings. Repulsive feedback encoding seems to cause less cognitive costs on working memory load and slightly greater stabilisation when cognitive conflict resolution is required. These results are discussed in the context of the known benefits of avoidance actions on cognitive control.

Psychological Processes of Conflict Resolution in Nigeria

Psychological Processes of Conflict Resolution in Nigeria

Peran Komunikasi Pemangku Adat Nagari Padang Laweh Dalam Mengatasi Sengketa Tanah Ulayat

This research aims to examine the role of traditional leaders' communication in Nagari Padang Laweh Malalo in resolving customary land disputes in Tanah Datar Regency. Customary land disputes often lead to prolonged and complex conflicts within indigenous communities. To address this issue, the study employs a qualitative approach, gathering data through semi-structured interviews with traditional leaders and direct field observations. The findings indicate that traditional leaders play a vital role in mediating and resolving disputes, which serves as a benchmark in customary land conflict resolution. They prioritize consensus-building and active community participation in the conflict resolution process. Respect for traditional customs has proven effective in achieving fair and sustainable solutions. Additionally, collaboration among traditional leaders, government authorities, and legal institutions strengthens efforts to resolve disputes, thereby fostering harmony and stability within the community. In conclusion, this study confirms that effective communication and mediation strategies rooted in customary values are key to addressing customary land disputes in Nagari Padang Laweh Malalo. These findings provide valuable insights for managing land conflicts in other indigenous communities and reinforce the role of traditional leaders in promoting peace and justice within society

REFLECTION OF THE BEIRUT NEWSPAPER “AZDAK” ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE ARMENIAN NATIONAL COMMITTEE DURING THE APRIL WAR

The centuries-old presence of Armenians in the Middle East and the active work of the Armenian periodical press also includes coverage of the activities of Armenian lobbying organizations operating in the Diaspora, including the Armenian National Committee. The April 2016 war was the first large-scale aggression organized by Azerbaijan against Nagorno-Karabakh since the ceasefire in 1994. During the hostilities and in the following days, the Armenian National Committee was active. organized protests and information campaigns, held meetings and discussions with a number of political and public figures, widely covering the events taking place in Nagorno-Karabakh and demanding a proper response from the international community. The 44-day war unleashed by Azerbaijan on September 27, 2020, and the depopulation of Nagorno-Karabakh in 2023 showed that the conflict resolution process and the efforts of Armenians in its direction need coverage and comprehensive analysis. It is important for the Armenian historiography to assess the activities of Armenian lobbying organizations operating in the Diaspora and to cover it on the pages of the Armenian press in the Middle East. Among them, the daily newspaper Azdak, published in Beirut during the April War, actively covers the activities of the Armenian National Committee, the situation in NagornoKarabakh and Armenia, which presents it from a pro-nationalist position. The novelty of this research is that until now Armenian historiography has not studied the reaction of the Armenian National Committee in Armenian periodicals published in the Armenian-dominated countries of the Middle East.

Harmony in Dispute: The Role of Anywaa's Traditional Institutions in Conflict Resolution

This paper explores the traditional institutions and conflict resolution mechanisms among the Anywaa community, shedding light on their intricate structures and practices. The Anywaa people, located in Ethiopia and South Sudan, have developed indigenous governance systems centered on institutions such as Nyieya (nobleship), Kwaaro (headmanship), and the spiritual leadership of Nyibur, along with family councils. These institutions play vital roles in maintaining social order and resolving conflicts within the community. The study elucidates the processes of conflict resolution, involving mediation by various officials and councils within the traditional governance system. Whether dealing with inter-village disputes, intra-village conflicts, or homicide cases, the Anywaa employ a combination of customary practices and indigenous knowledge to address conflicts effectively. The involvement of neutral parties underscores the community's commitment to fair and just resolution processes. Furthermore, the research highlights the significance of compensation and purification rituals in restoring harmony and reconciliation within the community. Through restitution and traditional ceremonies, the Anywaa aim to mend relationships and reintegrate offenders back into society, emphasizing the importance of forgiveness and community cohesion. Overall, the findings contribute to a deeper understanding of indigenous governance systems and their relevance in contemporary society. By documenting the intricate workings of traditional institutions and conflict resolution practices among the Anywaa people, the research underscores the importance of preserving and respecting indigenous knowledge for sustainable peace and social cohesion in diverse cultural contexts.

Navigating Conflict and Health in Bawku, Ghana: Implications for Resolution and Management

The main goal of this study was to evaluate how conflicts are resolved and how they affect people's ability to access health care in Bawku, Ghana. Specific objectives were to assess factors that affect the management of the Bawku conflict and to evaluate the consequences of the conflict on health services in the Bawku region. The residents living in different locations of Bawku in the Upper East Region of Ghana comprised the target population, which was 144,189 persons. Forty-five (45) respondents were selected using an expert purposive sample methodology with an explanatory sequential design in a mixed method approach. The study was guided by the Protracted Social Conflict Theory. Basic statistical techniques were used in data analysis. The study used questionnaires and interview guides as its main methods for gathering data during the month of July 2023 in the Bawku region. The findings are presented through tables and charts. According to the findings, the Bawku War made it very difficult for residents to get access to medical facilities and services. The worst effects were seen in terms of casualties, wounds, and disruptions to regular life. In addition, the research identifies the best and most frequently used mechanisms for conflict resolution, which include the employment of the military and law enforcement, traditional councils, and houses of chiefs. Furthermore, the study concluded that the ethnic ties of the Mamprusis and Kusasis to other ethnic groups in these nations could potentially lead to the spread of the Bawku conflict to neighboring countries, particularly Togo and Burkina Faso. The study recommends a decrease in hostilities and, potentially, advocates for the complete cessation of political interference in the conflict resolution process in Bawku, located in the Upper East Region of Ghana.

Family mediation: theoretical and legal aspect

This article examines the significance of the use of family mediation in the resolution of family conflicts from the point of view of theoretical and legal aspects. The context of the work also touches upon the significant issues of mediation regulation at the legislative level concerning the rights and obligations of the participants of the process. The author analyzes the basic principles of family mediation and identifies the advantages of this approach over court proceedings in resolving family disputes. Special attention is paid to the mediator’s role and functions in the conflict resolution process. The article also examines the legislative framework regulating family mediators’ activities, status, rights, and obligations. The article’s main idea is that family mediation is an effective tool for resolving family conflicts, contributes to the safety of family relations and allows the parties to come to a mutually beneficial solution to the problem independently. The article argues in detail the positive sides of family mediation, substantiates the need for its application in modern society and identifies the need for further research in this area for a detailed understanding of all the pros and cons of the use of family mediation in contemporary society.

Papua Conflict: An Article Review from the Best Conflict Resolution Method

This article is aimed to review conflict resolution process of Armed Criminal Group in Papua (KKB). This study is a scientific-article review using comparison technique, which compares horse trading method, counter-insurgency (COIN) model, and Military Operations Other Than War (OMSP) to later review the best method in conflict resolution and renew or develop it. This study starts from revealing the background of Armed Criminal Group (KKB) happening in Papua, and then discussing conflict resolution process referring to the separatist movement development from KKB using horse trading method, which is proven effective to resolve this conflict if it is supported by the trust between two parties to have a dialogue where both parties are allowed to deliver their purposes openly. It is different from the application of McCormick’s COIN strategy model which narrowly fails in resolving Papua conflict, and even is possible to create a chance of the new dynamics’ existence in its international dimension, so it is needed to have a new interpretation towards COIN model in Papua, which is by giving solution to conflict-root elimination instead of total elimination by military. Meanwhile, applying Military Operations Other Than War approach (OMSP) is mandatory which is done by every country in order to tackle separatism movements. By those three models mentioned earlier, several strategic steps are formulated later in conflict resolution of Armed Criminal Group (KKB) in Papua.

Empowering women for creative solutions in interpersonal conflict at work

Purpose Creativity plays a crucial role in interpersonal conflict within organizations, yet little research has explored its antecedents in this context. This study aims to investigate power and gender as the main determinants of creativity in interpersonal conflict within organizational contexts. Design/methodology/approach Two studies were conducted. The first study involved 226 employees from various organizations (Mage = 39.39, SD = 10.39), whereas the second study used a conflict simulation with 160 participants (Mage = 36.90, SD = 10.45) forming dyads. Both studies investigated the impact of relative power (i.e. having more power than the other person) on creativity in conflict, with a focus on the moderating role of gender. Study 2 also manipulated contextual creativity, which served as an additional moderator in this relationship. Findings Results largely supported our hypotheses, indicating a positive relationship between relative power and creativity in conflict. Importantly, this relationship was stronger among women. Study 2 further focused on the distinct dimensions of creativity, highlighting differences between idea originality and effectiveness. Practical implications The findings hold practical significance for organizational leaders and conflict resolution practitioners, and they further underscore the importance of considering gender dynamics in conflict resolution processes within organizations. Originality/value This research contributes novel insights into the understanding of creativity within organizational conflicts, emphasizing the interplay between relative power, gender and creativity. Additionally, the exploration of different dimensions of creativity (i.e. originality and effectiveness) adds depth to existing literature in this area.

Factors affecting the performance of the Village Land Councils in managing land use conflicts between farmers and pastoralists

The current study evaluated the variables influencing Village Land Councils' (VLC) ability to resolve land disputes before they are twisting out of their control. Pastoralists would often transhumance, taking their herds far from their villages in search of pastures and water, and sometimes they would let their animals to graze on agricultural fields. The Tanzanian government was prompted to divide village holdings into sections designated for farmers and livestock keepers to resolve the tensions between farmers and pastoralists to prevent ongoing conflicts. Key informant interviews and semi-structured interviews were used to gather data. NVivo software 14 was used to evaluate the qualitative data. The results indicate that the low literacy rates of their members, the absence of VLC capacity building, the absence of a chain of command in the conflict mediation and resolution process, biased choices, and corruption all contributed to the village land councils' limited ability to mitigate land conflicts. As a result, in defiance of the Village Land Act of 1999's instructions, communities arraign land disputes in public courts. It is found that village land councils, which were intended to hold reconciliation sessions and serve as village tribunals for reconciliation at the village level, have not succeeded in achieving the goals set forth, notwithstanding the limitations of the Village Land Act. The report suggests that the Village Land Act be reviewed, that VLC members' capability be increased, that secondary education be made a requirement for council participation, and that corruption be eliminated.

A Legal And Sosiological Analysis Of Trademark Circulation In Indonesia

Intellectual property rights are a system of modern life that is interconnected with the system that exists today. Intellectual property rights are a by-product of human ideas and thought patterns, so they are currently one of the complex problems that arise in the world of commerce. The aim of this research is to analyze the sociology of law in the circulation of trademarks in Indonesia. Analytical descriptive methods are used in research specifications to describe facts and realities relating to trademark law in Indonesia. The research results show that, within the framework of the rule of law, respect for trademark rights is a national honor given to individuals who have taken the time to consider developing original and distinctive works of intellectual property. Legal sociology has a role in violations that occur in trademark cases; apart from filing criminal and civil charges for failure to reach a resolution, there are other options to overcome existing problems. All parties must comply with certain requirements so that the conflict resolution process can be effective. Having a certificate is one of the components of feeling more comfortable running a business in the future. It is easier for trademark owners to demonstrate ownership rights to the trademarks they use, so they don't need to worry about their company if a lawsuit occurs. Based on the results of the analysis carried out, society, namely the private sector, must support intellectual property, including trademarks, by upholding corporate ethics that demand integrity in all business dealings. Strong business growth in terms of market share and product quality is a catalyst for economic expansion, raising living standards, and achieving economic development.

Reconciliation of the parties: the role of mediation in the resolution of administrative conflicts

This article is dedicated to discussing «The role of mediation in resolving administrative disputes?». In the modern world, where conflicts are an inevitable part of interaction, it is important for society to find effective and peaceful methods of resolution. In this context, mediation is particularly relevant, useful, and valuable as a tool for administrative relations, as it allows parties to involve competent mediators for effective resolution of administrative issues in case of legal violations by subjects. Mediation is a new practice in many European countries (Poland, Bulgaria, Estonia, Sweden) and is expanding as an alternative to judicial procedures. This method aims to reconcile and coordinate issues between conflicting parties, especially in the administrative sphere where there are various interests and positions, including general public relations: business, education, relations with government entities. With each passing year, there is an increase in the number of lawsuits filed in administrative courts. To simplify the work of administrative authorities, judicial and extrajudicial methods of conflict resolution are used. The use of mediation methods can ensure effective resolution of disputes without the need for significant resources spent on judicial procedures. It is important to consider the key aspects of the role of mediation in resolving administrative conflicts and its importance for building harmonious relations in society. Successful implementation of mediation methods contributes not only to conflict resolution but also to increasing mutual understanding between ordinary individuals (citizens, stateless persons, foreigners) and the state, promoting trust, creating sustainable and long-term solutions that satisfy the needs of both parties. Unlike the European Union, Ukrainian society is at an early stage of using mediation as a complex process for conflict resolution. The relevance and problematic nature of the topic lie in the lack of information among ordinary citizens about the mediation process as a method of resolving critical issues. Effective use of mediation in the administrative process requires qualified mediators who are competent and knowledgeable about the specifics of resolving such issues. Questions also arise regarding the use of the mediation process due to the lack of a clear methodology.

Tantangan Penyelesaian Konflik Internasional yang Dilematik mengenai Hak Veto dalam Dewan Keamanan PBB (Studi kasus Palestina dengan Israel)

This research aims to explore and contribute to the understanding of the misuse of the veto power in resolutions for international conflict resolution. The focus is on describing the challenges arising from the use of the veto power in the UN Security Council, often prolonging conflicts without a definitive resolution. The research methodology employed is juridical normative with descriptive analysis, referring to provisions in the UN Charter and other reliable literature. The findings highlight that the abolition of the veto power in the UN Security Council could serve as a solution for more effective conflict resolution. Prolonged international conflicts result in significant losses, especially for civilians, while the UN, as the largest international organization, frequently fails to resolve these conflicts. The main issue lies in the rejection of resolutions by veto-wielding states, leading to the failure of these resolutions and the continuation of conflicts. Structural reforms within the UN are crucial to enhance its performance in conflict resolution to prevent further casualties. The unbridled use of the veto power, based on the geopolitical considerations of certain states, slows down the conflict resolution process. Additionally, the power disparity between veto-wielding states and other members contradicts the principle of sovereign equality enshrined in the UN Charter. Therefore, clear criteria must be established for the use of the veto power in peace resolutions to ensure that conflict resolution is not hindered by purely geopolitical interests.

The role of Indonesian government in middle east conflict resolution: consistent diplomacy or strategic shifts?

Indonesia and Middle Eastern countries are associated with a shared characteristic in the form of Islam, despite the geographical separation and cultural and ethnic distinctions. Since gaining independence in 1945, Indonesia has consistently advocated for the peaceful resolution of conflict in the Middle East, including the Palestinian/Arab–Israeli conflict. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the motivations behind Indonesia’s consistent support for Middle Eastern conflict resolution. Although the Indonesian government is eager to advance its involvement in the conflict resolution process, it is also compelled by the constitution to uphold the “Free and Active” foreign policy axiom, which essentially restricts Indonesia from taking on a side, maintaining cordial ties with the parties involved. These principles prevent Indonesia from favoring one side and maintaining positive relations with both conflicting parties. Indonesia has often played a passive role as a facilitator or participant in conflict resolution attempts rather than actively taking on the role of a mediator. Indonesia’s unwavering commitment to resolving the Middle East conflict largely originates from Islamic solidarity with a predominantly Muslim population in the region and a shared identity as a fellow developing country, rather than being solely based on its constitution. Alternatively, this sense of unity may also stem from the notion of solidarity within the Global South.

Understanding and resolving conflict to create cultures of well-being in diverse teams

The 2022 American Hospital Association (AHA) Study, published by the Task Force on Workforce, reported that 75–93 per cent of healthcare workers reported stress, anxiety, frustration, exhaustion and burnout.1 The AHA Task Force recommendations included an immediate focus on creating a culture of well-being and an ongoing focus on leadership development. Team well-being is a broadly defined term related to team happiness and success. Various teamwork and leadership interventions are used to achieve team well-being, and this has been a high priority for organisations in the last few years as the COVID-19 pandemic resulted in massive rates of burnout and exodus from healthcare. We specifically focus here on diverse teams and the effect of negative conflict resolution on team well-being, specifically through its damaging effect on the formation of a culture of safety and belonging. Belonging and safety are created through subtle cues and messages as well as through the outcomes of threshold moments, such as a conflict. Belonging is particularly important for diverse teams because it is not automatically assumed by team members in the way that homogeneous teams do more easily. Studies have shown that diverse teams are more prone to conflict and that the process of conflict resolution can lead to either an increase in team belonging and connection (and well-being) or further distancing, which is then linked to burnout, disengagement and exodus from the workplace. Therefore, how conflict is managed in diverse teams is of crucial importance for team leaders in order to achieve team belonging and well-being.

Metaphorical language in couple's therapy: A conceptual exploration of its impact on conflict resolution

Metaphorical language, though often overlooked, plays a pivotal role in couple's therapy, shaping the dynamics of communication and influencing conflict resolution processes. This conceptual exploration delves into the multifaceted impact of metaphorical language on the therapeutic discourse within couples. Through a synthesis of existing literature and theoretical frameworks, this paper elucidates the intricate interplay between metaphorical expressions and the resolution of relational conflicts. The use of metaphorical language in couple's therapy serves as a symbolic bridge, facilitating the articulation of deeply rooted emotions and experiences that may otherwise remain inaccessible. Metaphors act as linguistic vehicles, enabling individuals to convey complex thoughts and feelings in a manner that transcends literal expression. Within the therapeutic context, metaphors offer a creative space for couples to explore their relationship dynamics, perceptions, and narratives. Furthermore, metaphorical language not only elucidates individual experiences but also shapes the shared reality constructed by couples. Metaphors can reveal underlying relational patterns, power dynamics, and unspoken assumptions, thereby fostering insight and empathy between partners. By reframing conflicts through metaphorical lenses, couples can gain a fresh perspective on their challenges, promoting collaborative problem-solving and mutual understanding. However, the impact of metaphorical language in couple's therapy is not unidimensional. Misinterpretations or divergent interpretations of metaphors may inadvertently exacerbate misunderstandings or conflicts within the therapeutic process. Therapists must navigate the nuances of metaphorical communication sensitively, balancing interpretation with validation of individual experiences and perspectives. This conceptual exploration highlights the significance of metaphorical language in shaping the therapeutic discourse and its potential implications for conflict resolution in couple's therapy. By embracing and exploring metaphorical expressions, therapists can harness the transformative power of language to facilitate insight, empathy, and ultimately, relational healing within couples. Further empirical research is warranted to elucidate the nuanced mechanisms through which metaphorical language influences therapeutic outcomes in couple's therapy.

Pendekatan Fenomenologi dalam Resolusi Konflik: Memahami Akar Konflik dengan Mendalam dan Komprehensif

This paper discusses the phenomenological approach in the context of conflict resolution. Phenomenology transforms the traditional view of conflict by delving into a profound understanding of its roots, values, emotions, and the perspectives of individuals involved. In this approach, conflict is seen as a social phenomenon involving individual or group awareness, empathy, sympathy, and collective consciousness. The importance of understanding subjective meanings and individual experiences in conflict is emphasized as the key to effective conflict resolution. The conflict resolution process from a phenomenological perspective involves steps of identification, diagnosis, and treatment designed to uncover and comprehend the conflict's roots comprehensively. The role of the subjects in this process is crucial, as they must possess the ability to empathize, see from various perspectives, and facilitate effective communication. In conflict resolution methods based on the phenomenological approach, reduction also becomes a key element, involving efforts to cleanse understanding from biases and assumptions before taking action. Introspection is also vital, helping subjects become more aware of their roles and contributions in the conflict. The phenomenological approach enables us to resolve conflicts in a more profound, holistic, and sustainable manner. With a deeper understanding of conflict's roots and the emotions involved, we can develop more effective solutions and integrate various perspectives contributing to the conflict.

Процессы когнитивного контроля в тесте Струпа и их отражение в связанных с событиями потенциалах (обзор)

The review summarizes the data of Russian and foreign studies on the psychophysiological parameters of the Stroop task execution. In addition, the article considers the main modifications of the task and similar paradigms as well as the key hypotheses explaining the causes of the interference effect and the increase in reaction time to stimuli containing conflicting information. Further, the paper presents data on eventrelated potential (ERP) waves, which are supposed to reflect cognitive control processes, such as conflict detection, overcoming of interference and conflict resolution. The frontocentral N2 wave characterizes the processes of conflict detection and overcoming of interference, and its main neural generator is the anterior cingulate cortex. The N450 wave is primarily generated in the anterior cingulate cortex and prefrontal cortex and is thought to reflect interference suppression. The centroparietal P300 wave and the late positive complex, which appears to be generated in the middle or inferior frontal gyrus and in the extrastriate cortex, are associated with the conflict resolution process. The readiness potential is, supposedly, generated in the motor cortex and reflects the process of selecting and preparing a motor response. Moreover, the review presents the main directions of studies that use the Stroop test paradigm and its modifications. Despite a significant number of existing psychophysical and neurophysiological papers, the question of the brain mechanisms of cognitive control in tasks that cause cognitive conflict remains open, and the neuropsychological role of the ERP waves recorded in such tasks is still not fully explored. Studies into the influence of different types of competing information and the degree of conflict on the psychophysiological indicators in the Stroop task are of considerable interest.