Conflict Resolution Mechanisms Research Articles

Which factors affect the repair for loss of social trust after public health emergency? An approach integrating 2-tuple linguistic WINGS and regret theory

Trust is generally regarded as the vital social capital for a country's economic growth, reducing transaction costs and promoting economic development. However, problematic vaccine events, a kind of public health emergency, often incur the serious loss of social trust. And it is necessary to systematically analyze the factors affecting the repair for loss of social trust and how to repair. Thus, we propose a new systematical analysis method integrated Weighted Influence Non-linear Gauge System (WINGS) and regret theory under 2-tuple linguistic environment in this paper. Firstly, considering the difference between experts’ psychological expectation and real evaluation, a modified utility function of regret theory with 2-tuple linguistic information is proposed. Then, due to the different interests, knowledge, social status, etc. of experts, an integrated approach based on conflict resolution mechanism and Heronian mean operation is presented to aggregate cause-effect relationship information from them. Thirdly, to analyze the main factors affecting the repair for loss of social trust, a novel method based on 2-tuple linguistic WINGS is put forward. Last but not least, the Changsheng Changchun vaccine event is utilized as an example to demonstrate practicality of the proposed method. And some sensitivity analyses and comparation analyses are also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the corresponding paths to the repair for loss of social trust are given.

Effect of Conflict Management on Organizational Performance in the NGO Sector of Nangarhar

This paper investigates the impact of conflict management on organizational performance in non-governmental organizations operating in Nangarhar. Conflict management is the independent variable, while organizational performance is the dependent variable. The findings suggest that effective conflict management is positively related to organizational performance, indicating that managing conflicts effectively is crucial for achieving NGO success. The study highlights the importance of conflict management in enhancing organizational outcomes, improving communication, and fostering a positive work environment. Furthermore, it suggests that NGOs should prioritize conflict management strategies, such as training programs and conflict resolution mechanisms, to improve their performance and achieve their goals effectively.

Whispers of Wisdom: Exploring the Essence of Partandaan in the Suluk Indigenous Mediation

The Orang Suluk, who call themselves Tausug, have a deep history in the sea areas and are known for their strong cultural and political independence. Residing in the Sulu Archipelago and the northeastern coast of Borneo, they identify themselves by names such as Suluk, Anak Negeri, coastal people, sea people, indigenous maritime group, and Orang Asal Pesisir. Symbols are a part of the Suluk Indigenous Mediation (SIM) approach, which is still practiced on the east coast of Sabah, Malaysia. The techniques mentioned are organic to the Adat (customs) of the Suluk passed down from their forefathers. This study discusses the essence of partandaan (symbols) found in SIM practices of the Suluk mediators in the said geographical area. Five expert informants in Semporna, Lahad Datu, and Sandakan shared their wisdom, experience, and interpretation of the SIM during the in-depth interviews as empirical data. The researchers also did library work to collect secondary data. Employing Hewitt’s Symbolic Interactionism (2002), findings revealed that objects, social acts, and language carry symbols that are meaningful to the life of the Suluk. They influence the thinking of the Tausug, maintain the balance and harmony of their day-to-day life, and crystalize the vision of peace, understanding, and forgiveness. Indeed, symbols are fruitful tools for successful culturally and religiously sensitive mediation. The study highlights the significance of symbols in Suluk Indigenous Mediation, suggesting further exploration of cultural variations and the potential integration of symbolic elements into conflict resolution mechanisms.

Implikasi Penerapan Hukum Pidana Adat dalam Pasal 2 KUHP terhadap Asas Legalitas dalam Sistem Hukum Pidana Indonesia

This research discusses customary criminal law in Article 2 of Indonesia's new Criminal Code (KUHP), which reflects the country's social and cultural diversity. Customary criminal law, with its unique characteristics rooted in the values and social norms of indigenous communities, offers a different approach to conflict resolution compared to formal criminal law. It enriches the criminal justice system with aspects of restorative justice and creates space for the recognition of living law within society. However, this integration poses challenges, particularly regarding legal certainty and the principle of legality, considering that customary criminal law is often unwritten and variable. The method used is normative, involving legal research conducted through the study of literature or secondary data. The research is descriptive-analytical, focusing on the existence of customary law within national criminal law. Using a qualitative juridical approach, the analysis is based on legal principles and norms, studying legislation, literature, and scholarly writings. This study shows that the recognition of customary criminal law in Article 2 of the new Criminal Code presents challenges and opportunities for Indonesia's criminal justice system. This integration supports restorative justice and reflects the country's cultural diversity, but it also requires careful handling of legal certainty and the principle of legality. The need for clear conflict resolution mechanisms and additional regulations is crucial to maintaining a balance between customary legal traditions and the requirements of modern criminal law.

Enhancing Decision Quality in Multi-Criteria Decision Making through CISDAC-WSM Algorithm

This paper introduces CISDAC-WSM, an innovative extension of the Weighted Sum Method (WSM) within the Multi-Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) framework. CISDAC-WSM integrates principles from Principal Component Analysis (PCA) to enhance decision outcomes by identifying the Most Significant Discriminating Axes. The algorithm operates under the assumption that alternative rankings should exhibit a monotonic trend in the scores of the Most Significant Discriminating Axes. In addition to leveraging PCA, CISDAC-WSM introduces an interval-based conflict resolution mechanism for alternatives with similar rankings. Unlike traditional outranking algorithms like PROMETHEE, CISDAC-WSM focuses on comparing each alternative only with those ranked superior, resulting in more targeted evaluations. Empirical comparisons and performance evaluations demonstrate that CISDAC-WSM consistently outperforms existing MCDM algorithms. Through its emphasis on identifying the Most Significant Discriminating Axes and the innovative conflict resolution strategy, the algorithm showcases enhanced decision-making capabilities and efficiency. While CISDAC-WSM is an extension rather than an entirely new algorithm, its contributions lie in refining established methods, incorporating PCA insights, and offering a more localized approach to outranking. This makes it a promising advancement in the field of MCDM, presenting a refined and innovative technique for achieving more informed and effective decision outcomes across various domains.

The negative security impacts of hate speech in Nigeria

Most conflicts in Nigeria are consequences of hate speech, marginalization anddivisions along religious and ethnic lines. Using qualitative content analysis, thispaper sets out to highlight cases of hate speech and the consequent impact on peace inNigeria and on its peacekeeping efforts. Results show the dangerous role of the mediain broadcasting hate speech and its contagious multiplier effects: the impunity oftraditional rulers; the failure of effective prosecution and the need to temporarilywithdraw Nigerian troops from peacekeeping missions. It further makesrecommendations towards ideas on how Nigeria could effectively address theunderlying issues towards preventing hate crime and achieving better conflictresolution mechanisms.

The Role of Marketing in The Dynamics of Real Estate Leasing in Peru: Findings, Challenges and Solutions

Purpose: The main objective of this study is to quantify the impact of marketing strategies on real estate leasing in the Peruvian context. Theoretical framework: An exhaustive review of the academic literature was carried out to gain an in-depth knowledge of the existing paradigms related to real estate marketing and the leasing phenomenon. Design/Methodology/Approach: A quantitative, descriptive-explanatory methodology was chosen. A structured questionnaire was administered to a representative sample of 30 tenants. Results: The data collected evidenced a notable correlation between marketing tactics and lease rates, with a significant p-value (less than 0.05). Also, Spearman's Rho and Kendall's Tau_b correlation coefficients of 0.678 and 0.632, respectively, were found. It was observed that approximately half of the contracts analyzed are not duly registered with SUNARP, and there was a lack of detailed information on the tenant profile in about one third of the real estate developments. Practical and social implications: The lack of registration of contracts generates an environment of legal vulnerability, increasing the risk of legal conflicts between the parties involved. The absence of information on the tenant's profile may hinder the proper selection of tenants. Emphasis is placed on the proposal to establish effective conflict resolution mechanisms and on the imperative need for transparency in fee structures, seeking to strengthen the fiduciary relationship between landlords and tenants. Originality/value: This study provides an innovative view on the impact of marketing strategies in the Peruvian leasing sector. It provides empirical and quantitative evidence on current contractual practices and the presentation of properties in the market. It highlights the urgent need to refine current strategies to consolidate a transparent and reliable leasing market in Peru.

The Nexus between Supplier Selection Practices and Procurement Function Performance: A Kenyan Public Universities Perspective

Purpose: This study aimed to unveil how supplier assessment and governance influenced procurement function performance.
 Methodology: The study employed a post-positivist research philosophy and a causal-comparative design. The study used multi-stage sampling to arrive at the sample of respondents of 93 procurement officers. Quantitative data was collected through self-designed structured questionnaires and analyzed using Statistical Packages for Social Sciences (SPSS version 27). Demographically, the study included predominantly experienced, educated male and female professionals.
 Findings: The findings of the study revealed that supplier selection significantly and positively impacted procurement function performance. Specifically, supplier assessment exhibited a noteworthy positive effect on procurement function performance (β = .517, p < .001), underlining the critical role of due diligence, evaluations, and appraisals among suppliers. Similarly, supplier governance demonstrated a substantial positive effect on procurement function performance (β = .310, p = .001), highlighting the significant roles of supplier selection transparency and conflict resolution mechanisms in procurement processes.
 Unique Contribution to Theory, Practice and Policy: This study unveiled how supplier assessment and governance influenced procurement function performance anchored in the Resource Dependence Theory (RDT), The study's results confirmed that robust supplier selection practices, grounded in supplier assessment and governance, significantly improved procurement function performance in Kenyan public universities. Strengthening supplier assessment protocols and governance mechanisms emerged as imperative for optimizing outcomes in procurement functions.

An assessment of the conflict resolution mechanisms in use by Ghanaian public universities

An assessment of the conflict resolution mechanisms in use by Ghanaian public universities

Traditional Leadership and Conflict Management in Africa: An Examination of the Bole Chieftaincy in Ghana

Many scholars have studied the roles of traditional leaders in a democracy, social cohesion, political participation, and cultural heritage preservation. However, the extent to which their roles impact conflict management has not received much academic attention. This study attempts to bridge this gap. The main objective of the study is to examine traditional leadership and conflict management in Africa, and the theory employed is a subjective or objective approach to conflict management. The study employed a mixed method. Approached and cross-sectional design, questionnaires, and interviews were used to solicit primary data from 364 respondents. The target population for the study was the members of the three chieftaincy gates, which are Sarfope, Jagape, and Denkeripe. Simple random sampling for quantitative data and the snowball sampling technique were used to select key informants; descriptive analysis and correlational analysis were used to ascertain the relationship between traditional leadership and conflict management; and a relative importance index was used to identify the conflict resolution mechanisms in the Bole Traditional Area of Northern Ghana. The analyses revealed that traditional leaders’ roles have a positive impact on conflict management and collaborate with the central authority in conflict management in Ghana, but that this role is hampered by interference, corruption, inadequate resources, and conflicts of interest. The study recommends that the state put in place measures to improve the leadership skills of traditional rulers, increase collaboration between traditional and central authorities, and increase budgetary allocations for traditional authorities.

Legal Empowering the Saniri: A Pillar of Harmony in Post-Conflict Ambon

Due to the lasting impact of the previous authoritarian system, decentralization has yet to reinstate Ambon's customary law-based governance model fully. However, it was formally acknowledged by the national and Ambon City's regional legislation. This article examines the need to empower Saniri, a quasi-governmental body in a traditional village with close ties to underprivileged groups, in conflict resolution services in Ambon. Data was collected through a literature study of historical sources from the nineteenth century and then analyzed based on qualitative field research. Extensive interviews were conducted based on snowball and purposive samplings. Results from the field study were subsequently discovered and deliberated through Focus Group Discussions. It suggests that the current political landscape is permissive to empower Saniri in conflict resolution mechanisms. Therefore, the legal and political efforts must be sufficient to accommodate Saniri's character and support its contribution to post-conflict reconciliation. More attention is required to empower Saniri legally and politically in a manner consistent with its nature to maximize its role as a harmonizing medium.

Bridges of Peace: The Role of Symbols and Rituals in Peacebuilding

Purpose of the Study: This article investigates how symbols and rituals contribute to conflict management in deeply divided societies. Methodology: Through qualitative library research, this study examines the impact of symbols and rituals on peace-building by analyzing theoretical frameworks and case studies. Main Findings: The study identifies that symbols and rituals play a crucial role in the peace-building process, achievable through two primary methods: the creation of new symbols and rituals that draw on inclusive narratives to foster a shared symbolic space promoting multicultural tolerance, and the creative manipulation of existing symbols and rituals to challenge and subvert historical power dynamics. Applications of this Study: The findings offer valuable insights for policymakers, peace-building practitioners, and community leaders engaged in conflict resolution and reconciliation efforts. By understanding the dual potential of symbols and rituals in peace-building, stakeholders can develop more effective strategies to address the underlying causes of division and promote enduring peace in divided societies. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This research contributes to the field by providing a comprehensive analysis of the transformative power of symbols and rituals in peace-building. It showcases how these cultural elements can be strategically leveraged to support reconciliation and unity, marking a significant advancement in the understanding of non-traditional mechanisms of conflict resolution and peace-building efforts.

Cultural Sentinels: Ọkọnkọ Society's Watchdog Role in Conflict Resolution and Cultural Preservation in Umuahia Community

Purpose of the Study: This study investigates the diverse roles of the Ọkọnkọ Society in Umuahia, Nigeria, particularly its use of Igbo language and cultural practices in conflict resolution and cultural preservation, challenging the conventional view of the society as merely a secret male cult. Methodology: The study employs qualitative, ethnographic methodologies including in-depth interviews, FGDs, and non-participant observations in Umuahia, supplemented by scholarly literature, with analysis grounded in hermeneutics, semiotics, and conflict management theories to emphasize the role of language and culture in the Ọkọnkọ Society's practices. Main Findings: The research uncovers the crucial role of the Ọkọnkọ Society in Umuahia as a guardian of peace and cultural sentinel. Key findings include the society's use of Igbo proverbs and semiotics (e.g., ọmụ palm frond, uhie drum) in conflict mediation, and the societal respect and trust they command. The society's conflict resolution role extends beyond mere mediation, effectively acting as an appellate court within the community, especially in land disputes. The study also highlights society's role in preserving and enforcing cultural norms and practices. Applications of this Study: This research has practical implications for understanding indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms in African communities. It offers insights for policymakers and social workers in designing culturally sensitive conflict management strategies. Additionally, it contributes to preserving the cultural heritage of the Igbo people by documenting traditional practices and societal structures. Novelty/Originality of this Study: This study is original in its comprehensive examination of the Ọkọnkọ Society, linking Igbo language and culture with conflict management practices. It fills a significant gap in academic research by shedding light on the societal and cultural dynamics within the Umuahia community, thus providing a deeper understanding of the intricate relationship between language, culture, and social governance in an African context.

Leveraging Conflict to Bridge Cognitive Reasoning and Generative Algorithms

Autonomous agents require the ability to identify and adapt to unexpected conditions. Real-world environments are rarely stationary, making it problematic for agents operating in such environments to learn efficient policies. There is therefore a need for a general framework capable of detecting when an agent has encountered novel conditions, and determining how it should adjust its actions. In this position paper we propose a framework that couples cognitive reasoning and generative algorithms by leveraging conflict detection to adjust to unexpected dynamics. Specifically, we propose that a metacognitive conflict resolution mechanism is necessary; such a mechanism would balance the use of commonsense and deliberative reasoning to allow the agent to navigate novel conditions.

The early emergence of ombuds systems in Japanese science universities

Abstract Ombuds systems in higher education institutes have become increasingly commonplace in North America and Europe, yet there remains a dearth of studies that examine dispute resolution systems in Asia. This article examines the case of Japan, a veritable technology powerhouse that adopted its first organizational ombuds offices in 2019 and 2021 at two leading science universities: Okinawa Institute of Technology and Kyushu Institute of Technology. We assess why these were established, how the change came about, and with what remit the offices are entrusted. We find that policy transfer from abroad occurred in both cases, yet with considerably different degrees of obligation and volitional lesson-drawing, and to considerably different ends. Additionally, policy entrepreneurs played key roles in agenda setting and institutionalization. Nearly all interviewees in this study raised the issue of gender harassment as an enduring challenge for which new conflict resolution mechanisms are needed. The two newly introduced ombuds offices therefore represent one possible model for leveling inequalities in the science landscape.

The race for global leadership and its risks for world instability: Technologies of controlling and mitigation

In today's ever-evolving geopolitical landscape, the pursuit of global leadership has become an intensifying competition that holds significant implications for global stability. This article explores the emergence of rivalry among major global powers as well as existing and potential consequences it poses for the world. Taking into account the shifting dynamics in international relations, the article highlights the primary contenders vying for global leadership and their distinct approaches to exerting influence on the world stage. It scrutinizes the escalating tensions between these powers as they strive to secure technological, economic, and military superiority, and how these rivalries can reverberate across different regions. The article examines the impact on international cooperation efforts, as rivalries may hinder collaboration on critical global issues such as climate change, security, and governance. Additionally, the study assesses the economic interdependency among nations and the potential disruptions that can arise as rival powers aim to shape the global order to their advantage. Addressing the potential consequences of this rivalry, the research explores into the risks of military escalation and arms races, highlighting the need for diplomatic efforts to mitigate conflict and promote peaceful resolutions. It also emphasizes the importance of fostering multilateral institutions and mechanisms for effective conflict resolution and cooperation among nations. The study presents relevant strategies to control and mitigate the risks associated with global instability.

FOSTERING HARMONIOUS SOCIETAL CONSTRUCTS THROUGH ISLAMIC PRINCIPLES

The paper underscores the profound impact of Islamic principles in promoting understanding, unity, and peaceful coexistence within societal constructs. Drawing from various facets of Islamic teachings deeply rooted in the Qur'an and the Prophet's guidance, the study advocates for compassion, justice, and inclusivity in societal construction. The convergence of these principles serves as a beacon for fostering coexistence and justice, offering pathways to construct harmonious societies. Following an extensive exploration of inter-group relations in the region, the study proposes a set of recommendations to address challenges and cultivate lasting harmony. These recommendations encompass initiatives such as education and awareness programs to bridge gaps, community-based conflict resolution mechanisms, advocacy for inclusive governance, support for interfaith dialogue and collaboration, civic engagement and empowerment, enhanced security measures, collaboration with NGOs and international bodies, media sensitization campaigns, incorporation of Islamic perspectives into education and outreach, and continual research for adaptive strategies and effectiveness monitoring. The implementation of these recommendations is envisioned to create an environment conducive to peaceful coexistence, understanding, and shared prosperity within Nigeria, particularly Taraba State.

Conflict Prevention and Resolution Mechanism: A Study on Promoting Peace Building in Countries along the Belt and Road

Conflict Prevention and Resolution Mechanism: A Study on Promoting Peace Building in Countries along the Belt and Road

Common and distinct BOLD correlates of Simon and flanker conflicts which can(not) be reduced to time-on-task effects.

The ability to identify and resolve conflicts between standard, well-trained behaviors and behaviors required by the current context is an essential feature of cognitive control. To date, no consensus has been reached on the brain mechanisms involved in exerting such control: while some studies identified diverse patterns of activity across different conflicts, other studies reported common resources across conflict tasks or even across simple tasks devoid of the conflict component. The latter reports attributed the entire activity observed in the presence of conflict to longer time spent on the task (i.e., to the so-called time-on-task effects). Here, we used an extended Multi-Source Interference Task (MSIT) which combines Simon and flanker types of interference to determine shared and conflict-specific mechanisms of conflict resolution in fMRI and their separability from the time-on-task effects. Large portions of the activity in the dorsal attention network and decreases of activity in the default mode network were shared across the tasks and scaled in parallel with increasing reaction times. Importantly, the activity in the sensory and sensorimotor cortices, as well as in the posterior medial frontal cortex (pMFC) - a key region implicated in conflict processing - could not be exhaustively explained by the time-on-task effects.

Facilitating efficient energy distribution and storage: The role of data consistency technologies in Azure Cosmos DB

This article delves into the critical aspect of data consistency in globally distributed databases, with a specific focus on Azure Cosmos DB, Microsoft’s flagship globally distributed database service. It begins by outlining the inherent challenges of maintaining data consistency across a distributed architecture, such as network latency and the need for effective conflict resolution mechanisms. The introduction sets the stage for a deeper exploration of these challenges and their implications for applications requiring global scalability. The subsequent sections provide a detailed examination of the architecture and features of Azure Cosmos DB, highlighting its global data distribution capabilities, support for multiple data models, and flexible consistency models. The discussion emphasizes the importance of selecting the appropriate consistency level based on application requirements, balancing the trade-offs between consistency, performance, and availability. Further, the article addresses the technical underpinnings and solutions employed by Azure Cosmos DB to achieve data consistency, including advanced algorithms like vector clocks for session consistency and log replication mechanisms for strong and bounded consistency models. These technologies play a pivotal role in ensuring data integrity and timely access across the distributed database. The conclusion synthesizes the insights gained from the exploration of Azure Cosmos DB’s approach to data consistency, underscoring the platform’s adeptness at providing a robust, flexible, and efficient solution for managing data in a globally distributed context. The article emphasizes the critical role of platforms like Azure Cosmos DB in meeting the modern digital enterprise’s demands for real-time data access and integrity across a global infrastructure.