Conflict Resolution Approach Research Articles

The Relationship between Conflict Resolution Approaches and Managerial Trust

The study aims to explain how employees perceive conflict resolution approaches and their relationship with managerial trust. It is also to explain the impact of democratic variables on this relationship. Bursa Cekirge State Hospital and Bursa Private Doruk Hospital. The total number of employees was 1585 physicians, nurses and technicians. The survey method was used to collect data from 1346 participants. There was a significant and negative relationship between conflict resolution approaches and trust to the manager. Correlation level; gender, age, marital status, educational status, service, duty, working time in the current position and total experience time vary according to demographic variables. This study was conducted by health administrators and researchers; Confidence in the implementation of conflict resolution approaches and sheds light on the impact of employees' socio-demographic details.

A Non-cooperative Game-Theoretic Approach for Conflict Resolution in Multi-agent Planning

This paper presents FENOCOP, a game-theoretic approach for solving non-cooperative planning problems that involve a set of self-interested agents. Each agent wants to execute its own plan in a shared environment but the plans may be rendered infeasible by the appearance of potential conflicts; agents are willing to coordinate their plans in order to avoid conflicts during a joint execution. In order to attain a conflict-free combination of plans, agents must postpone the execution of some of their actions, which negatively affects their individual utilities. FENOCOP is a two-level game approach: the General Game selects a Nash equilibrium among several combinations of plans, and the Scheduling Game generates, for a combination of plans, an executable outcome by introducing delays in the agents’ plans. For the Scheduling Game, we developed two algorithms that return a Pareto optimal and fair equilibrium from which no agent would be willing to deviate.

Effects of Conflict Resolution approaches on Household Economy in Wajir East Sub-County Wajir County, Kenya

Effects of Conflict Resolution approaches on Household Economy in Wajir East Sub-County Wajir County, Kenya

The Objective–Conflict–Resolution Approach: A Novel Approach for Developing Radical and Frugal Innovation

Despite the interest in frugal innovation, both in research and in business practice, little is known about methods, approaches, or procedures that specifically support the systematic development of frugal innovations. In this article, we propose a novel approach that can be applied for developing frugal innovations, which also appears to be suitable for developing radical innovations. We present one in-depth case study that shows how the approach can be applied for successful concept development of a frugal and even radical innovation. The study follows an exploratory action research method conducted in a U.S. engineering company over 19 months. The action research resulted in a novel approach that we call objective-conflict-resolution (OCR). Applying this approach in the company led to the development of a frugal innovation-for which a patent application was submitted-that is significantly less expensive, requires fewer resources, and offers greater ease-of-use than previous solutions. The OCR approach has two main advantages over existing approaches. It can be applied for developing frugal and radical innovations when established approaches result in rather incremental solutions (such as value engineering) and is less complex and easier to implement than existing approaches that are deliberately used for developing radical solutions (such as TRIZ).

Location, Context, and Social Objectives Using Knowledge-Based Rules and Conflict Resolution for Security in Internet of Things

Security and knowledge systems effectively identify the node behavior based on device identity, location, social attributes, and networking parameters. In this article, we propose a novel approach of location, context, and social objectives using knowledge-based rules and conflict resolution for security (LOCSKS) in the Internet of Things. The proposed system applies the Bayesian decision theory and analyzes the node behavior based on prior and posterior knowledge of the location, context, and social objectives in the Internet of Things. LOCSKS exclusive and economical keys consider the context to service type mapping and risk levels to ensure the location privacy and trust in the system. The knowledge-based and inference rules identity the conformity and conflicting nodes. The conflict resolution approach blocks the invalid nodes, suspends the malicious nodes, and delays the suspicious nodes. Simulations indicate that the proposed LOCSKS scheme effectively identifies the node behavior and conflicting conditions, reduces the key violations, and enhances location privacy as compared to the existing schemes.

Reaching Across the Table: Conflict Resolution Skills for the Child Psychiatrist

Few child and adolescent psychiatry fellowship programs offer substantive leadership development training, despite the fact that child psychiatrists frequently step into leadership roles soon after training.1,2 Becoming an effective and collaborative leader is a multidimensional process and the finetuning of leadership skills such as conflict resolution is one important step. Conflict resolution skills are essential for a child psychiatrist working with parents, teachers, and community leaders as they navigate interdisciplinary settings, balance competing interests, and advocate for their patients. This article will provide readers with a basic understanding of different conflict resolution approaches and how to flexibly apply them to different situations.

Risks in the North Caucasus: Potential or Real Escalation of the Ethnopolitical Situation

Introduction. Positive dynamics in the ethnopolitical sphere of the North Caucasus does not mean that there are no further risks of the escalation of the ethnopolitical tension and stabilizing processes are irreversible. The goal and objectives of the article are the identification of the current ethnopolitical situation in the North Caucasus and assessment of the achievements or failures of the decade-long implementation of programs of reconstructiong the region. The authors identify risk factors of the ethnopolitical tension in the North Caucasus as a key approach to conflict forecasting, develop a hierarchy of risk factors, and assess the optimality of management decisions. Methods and discussion. In the context of the discussion the most relevant is understanding risks as an inevitable product of decision-making (Luhmann). The analysis of risk generating processes in the North Caucasus is most effective from the standpoint of the conflict studies (conflict resolution) approach (Burton). Empirical data was obtained by series of expert surveys, the Delphi method, content analysis of media sources (the Internet, printed press, radio, television) and analysis of official statistical data. The conclusion was made that during the past three years positive results have been achieved mainly due to administrative resources and activities of the institutions of force (“siloviki”), but those resources are close to exhaustion. All “classical” risk factors identified by the country’s leadership in 2009 remain and “new” risk factors are actualized. Among the “classical” risks, the first positions are occupied by the low level of industrial production, the critical dependence of the North Caucasus republics on federal budget subsidies, the lag in life standards in these republics from the average in Russia, the retention of a high unemployment rate. These risks are to a large extent due to such factor as the low efficiency of regional authorities. The “new” risk factors include those that were in a latent state, but now can turn into manifest conflicts. This is, above all, a land-use problem that has various modifications: ethnic, territorial, economic, historical. Further studies of the problems of the North Caucasus are related to the analysis of the effectiveness of the system of ethnopolitical security and centre-peripheral relations, to the new non-trivial approaches in the theory of Russian federalism, to the choice of a model of spatial development of the Russian Federation. Analysis and results. Despite the general improvement of the climate of ethnic relations, risk factors in the ethnopolitical situation in the North Caucasus can result in the return of the region to the negative conflict scenario. The modern North Caucasus can be characterized as a risk society, in which risks appear as a result of decision making more and more frequently. Some positive “shifts” in the economic and social basis of life in the region are not sufficient for irreversible changes of the situation for the better. The specificity of current problems in the North Caucasus is that their conflict potential can be implemented “unexpectedly” through various indirect links.

A game theoretic approach for conflict resolution in argumentation enabled social IoT networks

The notion of socially enabled Internet of Things (IoT) termed as Social IoT, emphasized on social interactions among smart objects in an IoT network. Moreover, the concept of speaking and hearing objects further advanced the level of interactions occurring among the IoT devices by empowering them with conversational abilities. Researchers are constantly working to practically realize this vision, keeping in mind the potential benefits of the integration of technologies like argumentation, logical reasoning and artificial intelligence into IoT. Moving along the same lines, this paper investigates the emerging concept of speaking objects and proposes novel reference architecture for argumentation enabled Social IoT systems. The proposed framework lays out a theoretical foundation for development of future applications in the said domain. Further, to overcome the challenges of conflict resolution in argumentation-based decision making, a game theoretic weighted voting scheme is deployed. To ascertain the validity the proposed model, a smart home assisted living use-case scenario is simulated in MATLAB. The simulations are conducted for both weighted and non-weighted voting schemes in a 4-player cooperative game and their performance is evaluated. Experimental results revealed that the proposed scheme outperforms the existing non-weighted voting schemes in terms of throughput which is improved by 35% for quota, q = 0.5. For higher quota values, a minimum improvement of at least 15% is observed. Therefore, the proposed approach confirms to be an effective scheme for decision making in argumentation enabled Social IoT systems.

Configurable three‐way model merging

SummarySoftware development is a collaborative activity that requires teams of software engineers to cooperate and work in parallel on versions of models. However, model management techniques such as model differencing, merging, and versioning have turned out to be difficult challenges, due to the complexity of operations and graph‐like nature of models. Therefore, a well‐developed support for model merging process, as well as conflict management, is highly desired. This paper presents a novel process for model merging, called the Epsilon‐based Three‐way Merging Process (E3MP) process. Model merging is a significant problem where there are different versions of a system model amongst modeler teams. E3MP includes three components implemented into the Epsilon framework. First, modelers can define domain‐specific rules that customize the merging process. Second, E3MP enables an automated method for syntactic and semantic conflict detection amongst different versions of the system model. Third, E3MP puts forward a pattern‐based approach for conflict resolution. We applied two generic benchmarks to assess conflict detection and resolution capabilities of our approach and carried out an initial scalability evaluation for the model merge with large models and large change sets. The results of our experiments revealed that the proposed process allows generating consistent and semantically correct merged models.

Konflik Supporter Jakmania Dan Maung Bandung Ditinjau Dari Komunikasi Lintas Budaya

The incident between supporters of Jakmania and Maung Bandung which led to an endless conflict and various efforts have been tried to minimize the feud between supporters of this football club. Observing cross-cultural communication, differences in the background of values, artifacts, and language are often sources of conflict and this has happened to both Jakmania and Maung supporters in Bandung. Jakmania and Maung Bandung conflict management can be approached including encouraging collaborative relations and mutual respect, empowering individuals, groups, and communities to find positive resources for humane and constructive change, generating and using positive resources for the good of the overall system, building community awareness and systemic on the part of the participants, helping the group to jointly build a positive future. The conflict resolution approach is carried out within the framework of alternative solutions to the resolution of Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) and the style of handling conflicts to accommodate / give, divert attention from conflict, compromise / give and take, collaboration / work together to find solutions for Jakmania and Maung Bandung. Keywords: Cross Cultural Communication, Conflict, Conflict Management

Pendekatan Resolusi Konflik Dalam Upaya Pencegahan Konflik Regional Pada Era Digitalisasi

Several decades ago, internal conflicts in ASEAN countries became the world's spotlight. Even the impact is very alarming because it causes humanitarian crises, trauma due to armed conflict, violent extremism, and losses to government. Then came the time of international trade tension which had an impact on the economic growth of ASEAN countries. The purpose of this study is to reveal the role of the conflict resolution approach in efforts to prevent regional conflicts in the era of digitalization. Not without reason, the still lack of mutual trust and a less proactive attitude in addressing the situation of conflict between countries made the conflicting ASEAN countries decide to resolve bilaterally or resolve cases to external parties outside ASEAN. The era of digitalization is a hot issue in the trade war and can trigger tension between ASEAN countries. Of course this is not expected, therefore prevention efforts must be made. The literature study method was chosen to examine various findings that support this research to build a strategic model of the importance of the conflict resolution approach in the digitalization era. The results of the study stated that the government must show its credibility and put forward a proactive attitude, ethics in doing business, and building mutual trust and good cooperation between ASEAN countries. A conflict resolution approach can be an alternative to preventing regional conflicts by means of non-violence.

The Making of ‘Hesitant Peace’ in Northern Ireland

This article examines the early stage of the Northern Ireland conflict from the beginning of the ethno-nationalist conflict called the Troubles of 1969 to the beginning of the ‘peace process’ through the Downing Street Declaration of 1993 by focusing on a process of political, non-violent resolution efforts of political agents, which affected the route of the conflict. It utilises conflict resolution approaches to determine the variables with regards to the perceptions, positions, and decisions of conflicting parties, which provide an understanding of their role in peacemaking during the highintensity conflict. Particularly, it offers three major aspects for analysis: inter-party collaboration, popular support, and interchangeability between armed and political struggle. It uses rich data from archival documents to analyse the influence of early peace efforts to de-escalate the conflict and establish foundations for peace prior to official negotiations. It argues that peace efforts do not consist of official negotiations in the 1990s. The article finds that they had been initiated long before multilateral negotiations through political conferences, direct and indirect dialogues between major political parties in Northern Ireland, and the British and Irish governments. However, the reluctance of political agents towards peace prevented making progress towards peace. 

Cooperative autonomous traffic organization method for connected automated vehicles in multi-intersection road networks

Connected automated vehicles (CAVs) have been currently considered as promising solutions for realization of envisioned autonomous traffic management systems in the future. CAVs can achieve high desired traffic efficiency and provide safe, energy-saving, and comfortable ride experience for passengers. However, in order to practically implement such autonomous systems based on CAVs, there exist several significant challenges to be dealt with, such as coupled spatiotemporal constraints on CAVs’ trajectories at unsignalized intersections, multiple objectives for trajectory optimization in road segments, and heterogeneous decision-making behaviors of CAVs in road networks with highly dynamic traffic demand. In this paper, we propose a cooperative autonomous traffic organization method for CAVs in multi-intersection road networks. The methodological framework consists of threefold components: an autonomous crossing strategy based on a conflict resolution approach at unsignalized intersections, multi-objective trajectory optimization in road segments, and a composite strategy for route planning considering heterogeneous decision-making behaviors of CAVs based on social and individual benefit, respectively. Specifically, we first identify a set of potential conflict points of different CAVs’ spatial trajectories at the intersection, and then design different minimum safe time headways to resolve conflicts. Under the constraints of entry and exit conditions at adjacent intersections, we propose a multi-objective optimal control model by jointly considering vehicle safety, energy conservation, and ride comfort, and then analytically derive a closed-form solution for optimizing the CAVs’ trajectories. Furthermore, with the purpose to adapt dynamic traffic demand, we propose a composite strategy for route planning by coordinating heterogeneous decision-making behaviors of CAVs in road networks. Finally, extensive simulation experiments have been performed to validate our proposed method and to demonstrate its advantage over conventional baseline schemes in terms of global traffic efficiency. Additional numerical results are also provided to shed light on the impact of the proportion of CAVs with heterogeneous decision-making behaviors on the global system performance.

Conflict Resolution Approaches of Jamaican Church Leaders

Conflict Resolution Approaches of Jamaican Church Leaders

Neural Network Ensembles for Sensor-Based Human Activity Recognition Within Smart Environments.

In this paper, we focus on data-driven approaches to human activity recognition (HAR). Data-driven approaches rely on good quality data during training, however, a shortage of high quality, large-scale, and accurately annotated HAR datasets exists for recognizing activities of daily living (ADLs) within smart environments. The contributions of this paper involve improving the quality of an openly available HAR dataset for the purpose of data-driven HAR and proposing a new ensemble of neural networks as a data-driven HAR classifier. Specifically, we propose a homogeneous ensemble neural network approach for the purpose of recognizing activities of daily living within a smart home setting. Four base models were generated and integrated using a support function fusion method which involved computing an output decision score for each base classifier. The contribution of this work also involved exploring several approaches to resolving conflicts between the base models. Experimental results demonstrated that distributing data at a class level greatly reduces the number of conflicts that occur between the base models, leading to an increased performance prior to the application of conflict resolution techniques. Overall, the best HAR performance of 80.39% was achieved through distributing data at a class level in conjunction with a conflict resolution approach, which involved calculating the difference between the highest and second highest predictions per conflicting model and awarding the final decision to the model with the highest differential value.

Optimization of Replica Consistency and Conflict Resolution in Data Grid Environment

Data replication is widely used mechanism aiming at ensuring efficient access, improving performance and providing quality data in data grids. The properties of file and their replicas can vary with time resulting to inconsistency. In this paper, an agent-based replica consistency approach, namely, Replica Consistency and Conflict Resolution (RCCR) has been proposed to improve the efficiency of the system. RCCR is hybrid approach which is used to address the problem of inconsistency in multi master environment. Additionally, the conflict resolution approach is introduced based on vector clock and version of the replica. Finally, simulated results are presented and compared with existing consistency approaches such as Pessimistic, Optimistic and One-way Replica Consistency (ORCS). The simulated results depicts that proposed RCCR approach performs better when writeable replicas are more likely to occur.

Effective Correctness Criteria for Serializability in Multiversion Concurrency Control Technique

The Two-Phase Locking of Multi-Version Concurrency Control (MV2PL) avoids conflicts of concurrent transactions by make them wait until conflicts get resolved. These conflicts of transactions may generate starvations and deadlocks in the system. The Transactions suffering from deadlocks are usually aborted and restarted from scratch. In multiuser systems, this “abort and restart” approach degrades the system’s performance where higher conflicts for data or long running transactions occur. Restarting from scratch also generates a negative response loop in the system, because the system suffers additional overheads which may result into even more conflicts. In this paper, we are proposing a novel approach for conflict resolution in Multi-Version Concurrency Control for shared databases. Our mechanism quickly detects the conflicts using correctness criteria for serializability and resolves the conflicts between transactions and increases throughput.

A Novel Time Constraint-Based Approach for Knowledge Graph Conflict Resolution

Knowledge graph conflict resolution is a method to solve the knowledge conflict problem in constructing knowledge graphs. The existing methods ignore the time attributes of facts and the dynamic changes of the relationships between entities in knowledge graphs, which is liable to cause high error rates in dynamic knowledge graph construction. In this article, we propose a knowledge graph conflict resolution method, knowledge graph evolution algorithm based on deep learning (Kgedl), which can resolve facts confliction with high precision by combing time attributes, semantic embedding representations, and graph structure features. Kgedl first trains the semantic embedding vector through the relationships between entities. Then, the path embedding vector is trained from the graph structures of knowledge graphs, and the time attributes of entities are combined with the semantic and path embedding vectors. Finally, Kgedl uses a recurrent neural network to make the inconsistent facts appear in the dynamic evolution of the knowledge graph consistent. A large number of experiments on real datasets show that Kgedl outperforms the state-of-the-art methods. Especially, Kgedl achieves 23% higher performance than the classical method numerical Probabilistic Soft Logic (nPSL).in the metric HITS@10. Also, extensive experiments verified that our proposal possess better robustness by adding noise data.

Allocation of reservoir releases under drought conditions: a conflict-resolution approach

One challenge facing water managers is how to supply various downstream claims with conflicting priorities, especially during droughts. This study calculates the total volumes of water released from the Shahid reservoir in the Fars province, Iran, during a 5 year drought period using a standard operation policy (SOP) and genetic programming (GP). The calculated releases show the vulnerability index (VulMax) equals 87 and 82%, the timebased reliability index is 45 and 42%, and the resiliency index reaches 23 and 13% for the SOP and GP, respectively, whereas the volumetric reliability index equals 55% for both methods, demonstrating superior results for the GP method. The releases calculated with SOP and GP are allocated to meet downstream water demands according to their supply priorities. The proportional (Pro) method is used for this purpose considering the available reservoir water is less than the total demands. Compliance with the priority of supplying demands is approached with nonlinear programming in the Pro method. The VulMax of allocated releases obtained with GP for urban, environmental, industrial and agricultural demands equals 5, 50, 60 and 100%, respectively. The results confirmed the Pro method effective in allocating water resources to meet downstream demands that have conflicting water-supply priorities.

Traditional Conflict Resolution Approaches in Annang Tribe of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria

This study acknowledges that the Annang tribe had a long history of indigenous conflict resolution mechanisms and peace building processes aimed at sustainable reconciliation. In Annang, conflict resolution was done on the basis of institutional hierarchy and nature of conflict. This offers insight on how rigorous, community-based, victim-offender oriented and symbolic of culture and customs of the people the Annang conflict resolution mechanisms were. This paper used the historical approach in its findings which comprises the quantitative and qualitative methods of data analysis. It observes in its findings that while some of her customary conflict resolution methods may limp, the traditional institution remains invaluable for its core aim and preoccupation in every conflict resolution, which is the restoration of relationships. It summits that these Annang conflict resolution models, no doubt, will help in managing and resolving contemporary conflict issues especially where the western model seems inadequate and inaccessible.