Value Conflicts Research Articles

Managing public value conflicts – Institutional strategies and the greening of public pension funds

Greening public organizations demands the acknowledgment and reconciliation of tensions and conflicts between core values. This is a challenge that public pension funds have come to face as the call for sustainability has reached the finance sector. Building on the value pluralism debate and institutional theory this article provides a theoretical elaboration of strategies for managing value conflict in public organizations, discussing how value conflict management may promote or inhibit institutional change. The empirical analysis explores how sustainability-related value conflicts are managed within Swedish public pension funds. Political goals and ideals of sustainable finance are pushing funds to promote sustainability through their investments, thus, to consider and promote further values than financial return. Previous research has mainly focused on the financial profitability of sustainability concerns. This study shows that economic value calculation remains the dominant approach within funds, downplaying any conflict between environmental and financial goals. However, to maintain institutional legitimacy under increasing external pressure, the funds have implemented complementary strategies, such as organizational separation of value-related tasks, and different principles for prioritizing value-based actions. The funds thereby avoid ethical reasoning which they fear would lead to subjectivity. In conclusion, the implications for organizational change are discussed.

Soins sans consentement, mesures d’isolement et de contention en pédopsychiatrie : une analyse des défis éthiques en France

BackgroundIn France, child psychiatry care can involve significant ethical challenges. Following the last recommendations of the Controller General of places of deprivation of liberty (CGLPL) and the modifications of the law framing the control measures (seclusion room and restraints) in adult psychiatry, it is necessary to reflect on their operationalization in providing care in order to find the balance between the imperatives of protection and the respect of the young people hospitalized in child psychiatry. AimTo develop recommendations concerning the use of seclusion and restraint in child psychiatry in the light of recent legislative changes and associated ethical issues. MethodsWithin the framework of the national commission of psychiatry, a working group bringing together many child psychiatrists was set up in 2021 to reflect on contemporary issues in our discipline. One of the axes studied – in connection with the forensic psychiatry group – was specifically concerned with isolation and restraint in child psychiatry. An analysis of the ethical issues based on the four principles of Beauchamp and Childress is defined and adapted for the child psychiatric context. ResultsThe working group identified the legal and ethical issues specific to their discipline. Based on the ethical analysis of two difficult support situations in child psychiatry: (1) the practice of electroconvulsive therapy with adolescents; and (2) the management of violence in young people with autism and intellectual disabilities, the main conflicts of values were identified referring to the principles of non-maleficience, beneficence, autonomy and justice. ConclusionBased on research in childhood ethics, the relational dimension of autonomy is discussed with reference to the concepts of “shared vulnerability” and “shared care planning”. Specific recommendations for child psychiatry are proposed in order to promote the recognition as moral agents of children and adolescents hospitalized in child psychiatry.

Research on the Development and Dissemination of Film Based on the Geopolitical Perspective

With the increasing integration of geopolitics in the film field, the development and dissemination of early films are undergoing new changes. This paper explores this transformation from a geopolitical perspective and delves into the multilayered interactions between geopolitics and film. First of all, geopolitics has brought new opportunities for film creation through innovative content and production and dissemination methods to meet the diverse needs of audiences. Then, this paper reveals the impact of geopolitical intervention in film production, distribution, and dissemination and discusses user portraits, market trends, and changes in the industrial chain, including research and development, live marketing, and digitalization. However, geopolitics has also brought cultural challenges, resulting in an imbalance in the film system, resulting in problems such as homogenization and value conflicts. At the same time, transnational operations in geopolitics have also led to algorithmic decision-making errors, cultural grievances, and security risks. Based on this, the paper proposes countermeasures, including improving film quality, strengthening geopolitical regulation, optimizing collaborative governance, and restoring the cultural value of films. Through these strategies, the film industry can achieve sustainable development and effectively respond to the challenges posed by geopolitics.

Development Dilemma and Governance Strategy of County General High Schools in Guangxi

In recent years, the construction of a high-quality, balanced, universal and inclusive senior high school education system has been placed in a more important position, especially for the development of county general high schools, which has been emphasized more and more strongly. This paper analyzes the reality of social conflict in the development process of county general high schools in Guangxi from the perspective of social conflict theory, and finds that there are multiple problems such as resource allocation conflict, internal structural conflict and value conflict. Therefore, this paper proposes three paths to resolve and avoid the real conflicts in the development of Guangxi county general high schools by establishing a reasonable resource allocation mechanism, constructing a county education community, and improving the quality of county general high school education, which not only faces the real conflicts in the development of county general high schools, but also tries to solve the diversified problems of the resource allocation mechanism, the construction of teachers’ talent team, and the education and teaching community in the county education system.

Analysis of parental goals according to family variables. Implications for quality education in secondary education

This paper presents an exploratory study to identify the parental achievement goals of families in Spain and to detect peculiarities, in terms of their socio-demographic and socio-economic characteristics. A total of 1590 families, represented by one of the two parents, participated by means of convenience sampling. The data were collected through a questionnaire developed ad hoc, validated by using a Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Data processing included descriptive analyses and comparisons between groups, looking for possible significant differences. The results indicate that the task mastery-oriented goal prevails in this research sample, but also that more than half of the participants guide their children towards task success. Therefore, a broad group of subjects simultaneously conveys two different types of goals with divergent orientations, a fact that could lead to a conflict of values for adolescents. Regarding the relationship with the socio-demographic and socio-economic variables of the families, their greatest influence is in the case of the goal oriented towards failure, being lower in the goal aimed at success and decreasing significantly in the goal oriented towards mastery of the task. The results of this study suggest the necessity to offer, within the framework of universal parenting programmes, specific projects which help parents to clarify the values inherent in their parental achievement goals from the perspective of positive parenting. In addition, teachers should be trained in this aspect so that, in exercising their tutorial role, they can encourage all families to attain the goals of parental achievement associated with the quality of education.

영문학 수업 확장을 위한 스토리텔링 『세일즈맨의 죽음』을 중심으로

This paper aims to study “storytelling through English literature works” as a way for students in the English literature department to build their major knowledge and understand the community, society, and culture. This study focuses on Arthur Miller's Death of a Salesman to find the points not only with an understanding of the background of the times but also with aspects of social phenomena at the time, such as social systems, personal conflicts, a conflict of values, and the collapse of community.
 Through this course, English literature learners can be interested in the storytelling of Death of a Salesman to understand American society and expand their gaze to other people's lives and their community to develop insights to look at and understand the world. Storytelling through the text can experience the growth of the self that can be obtained by establishing social relationships. This is the power of literature.

Peta Global Isu Riset Pendidikan Agama: Studi Bibliometrics Pada Database Scopus Tahun 2000-2021

This study aimed to explore the general trends of religious education through a literatures review analysis. This study uses a bibliometric method by utilizing data from the Scopus database from 2000 to 2021 and visualizing it using VOSviewer. The study found 1,372 published articles from 133 countries focused on religious education. From these results, the most influential article is entitled 'Worldview: The Meaning of the Concept and the Impact on Religious Education' written by Van Der Kooij J.C. In addition, an influential author is Wright A., who has authored 16 studies and obtained 187 citations. In comparison, the most influential country is the United Kingdom, which has published 347 studies and received 2234 citations. Based on the identification of keywords, this study shows that most religious education research areas cover curriculum, spirituality, Islamic religious education, secularism, and schools. Meanwhile, studies on inter-culturalism, sexuality, trauma-informed pedagogy and healing, moral disengagement, science, adolescent mental health, conflict of values, borderlands, democratic state, and digital literacy concerning religious education were still little discussed. Therefore, this study is expected to provide an overview of the research carried out and directions for further research in studying religious education.

Transformative Choices for Wise Spiritual Renewal in the Inner Chapters of the Zhuāngzǐ and the New Testament Gospels

Abstract By highlighting two genres of literature found within the Inner Chapters of the Zhuāngzǐ and the Four Gospels of the New Testament, I compare creatively and meaningfully these two classical collections of texts from Daoist and Chrstian traditions in a manner never previously pursued. In those two genres are “instruction plura-logues” and “hard sayings”: the former involves a master/teacher interacting with at least two others (disciples, questioners, seekers, or opponents), and so always involves a conflict in values and worldviews; the second involve poignant sayings that point toward an alternative expression of lived wisdom and the worldview advocated by the master/teacher. Many illustrations of both genres within these two classical collections of texts are presented and analyzed. What is learned by this study is that instruction plura-logues and hard sayings challenge interlocutors to consider alternatives to mundane wisdom, provoking transformative choices for wiser spiritual sources of renewal.

Design thinking with constructivist learning increases the learning motivation and wicked problem-solving capability—An empirical research in Taiwan

In the 21st century, one of the cruxes in education is to enhance students’ competencies to solve wicked problems that prepare students to confront misrepresentation, information confusion, value conflicts, no definite formula, and intertwined issues. Design thinking is a student-centered approach to interacting with students and teachers in a constructivist learning environment. That transforms students’ learning process to link up real-world experiences, problem-solving foundations, and multiple reflections and reconstructions. Design thinking allows students to face ambiguous and unsuccessful situations comfortably by implementing the five steps progressively to test solutions or prototypes for solving wicked problems. Previous research has focused on how learning motivation can be enhanced with constructivist learning, and critical thinking and problem-solving skills can be improved via the design thinking approach. However, there needs to be an in-depth theoretical discussion of the rationale for enhancing learning motivation or wicked problem-solving capabilities. Therefore, self-determination theory and wicked problem-solving theory are applied to explain profoundly that design thinking can increase students’ learning motivation and wicked problem-solving capabilities. The empirical results support the hypotheses. This study contributes to the theoretical extension and empirical verification of the literature on constructivist learning, design thinking, and problem-solving capability.

Understanding the micro‐foundations of administrative corruption in the public sector: Findings from a systematic literature review

AbstractPublic sector corruption is one of the most pressing unresolved issues of our time. Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, this study examines the psychological and contextual mechanisms that allow individuals to rationalize their engagement in administrative corruption. By conducting a systematic literature review of 93 studies, 241 cases of empirical evidence on the relationships between micro, meso, and macro‐level factors are synthesized to reveal seven dimensions, which affect civil servants' corruptibility. Mapping the status quo of the discourse, this study reveals that moral justification for administrative corruption is the outcome of a multi‐layered and dynamic process of social cognition based on various processes of rationalization beyond greed: accountability conflicts, social obligations, and culturally reinforced norms (mis‐)guide behavior in the context of socially varying psychological reference points of accountability and legitimacy that lead to essential value conflicts between self‐serving behavior and integrity.

Nurses’ Experiences of Ethical Value Conflicts: The Role of Perceived Organizational Support

Nurses’ Experiences of Ethical Value Conflicts: The Role of Perceived Organizational Support

Konflikty wartości a racjonalność praktyczna

The article deals with the problem of conflicts of values and in particular issues such as: (1) what is a conflict of values? (2) what grounds claims about the existence of such conflicts? (3) are these conflicts apparent or real? (4) how can empirical conflicts be resolved? The successive steps of the presented argumentation are a development of the following propositions: (1) a conflict of values consists in the mutual incompatibility of the realization of values of equal strength; (2) a conflict of values is in fact a conflict of duties; (3) a conflict in the first principles of duty (revealed in peculiar practical situations) comes from either (a) the adoption of different historical ethos into a normative theory, or (b) errors (inconsistencies) in the theory; (4) ways of removing conflicts of duty consist in correcting the normative theory by introducing necessary meta-principles to it. At the end of the article, the following thesis is presented: the statement about the existence of real (ontological) conflicts of duty is inconsistent with the postulate of applying practical rationality in practice.

INEFFICIENCY OF MANAGEMENT DECISIONS AS A CONSEQUENCE OF A CONFLICT OF VALUES AND NORMS

In the modern world, situations often arise in which the value-based regulation of human activity weakens and the old requirements lose their relevance. The need for analysis is associated with the “normality” of the state of anormativity as an attribute of a new social status relating to the sphere of government. The purpose of this article is to study the dynamics of the development of values and norms as a possible reason for the inefficiency of managerial decisions. The sociocultural method made it possible to consider the individual, the person and society as a single integral system in which the elements are not reducible to each other, as well as to describe the conflict of values and norms as a complex of sociocultural pathologies leading to ineffective managerial decisions. Value analysis was used to reveal the content of the conflict of values and norms and their manifestations in culture and to describe the axiological mechanisms of sociocultural interactions. The hermeneutical method made it possible to identify and study the factors of conflict between values and norms and to form an idea of value consciousness. The structural-functional approach was used to identify elements of society and culture that contribute to the emergence of a conflict of values and norms. The phenomenological method was useful in the analysis of the conflict of values and norms as a pathological state (deformation) of human consciousness. Methods of comparison, analysis, deduction, induction, generalization, analogy, classification, abstraction were also used. Value-normative and institutional analysis made it possible to clarify the nature of the norm and to define a negative value convention. It was found that the change in values is carried out through value consciousness as a special phenomenological feature of a person, the main pathology of which is fragmentation, which leads to a conflict of values and norms. In particular, the idea of interaction between value-normative and institutional analysis was introduced, which made it possible to clarify the nature of the norm, define a negative value convention, and also distinguish between two ways of thinking and behavior as a prerequisite for a conflict of values and norms: based on common axiological attitudes and particular institutions. It was determined that with the help of norms, society leaves a reflection on values, and social actors are able to initiate the normization of certain actions. If these actions do not correspond to norms and values, a process of denormization takes place, as a result of which anormia arise. Norms break away from values and merge with particular institutional rules, forming an agreement on the methods of obtaining benefits – a negative value convention. The practical value of this scientific work lies in the possibility of using its materials in the process of developing decisions to reform the management decision-making system.

The relevance of Catholic Social Teaching for building a better world - conflict with values promoted on social media

ObjectivesThe subject of this article is a kind of values conflict which arises between traditional principles and values, which are proposed, among others, by Catholic Social Teaching, and those often promoted by various influencers in social media. The aim is to demonstrate that the traditional values of Catholic Social Teaching are still relevant and important for building a better world within us and around us. Simultaneously, the goal is to show that these values are often contradicted to the the values promoted by social media.Material and methodsThe method of analyzing the sources of Catholic Social Teaching (bible, church's teaching, literature) and analyzing the content conveyed through social media messages (content in such social media as: Facebook, YouTube, Tik Tok) is used in this article.ResultsThe result of this analysis shows the big conflict between traditional values given by Catholic Social Teaching with those promoted in social media by different influencers. In addition, the results shows the very negative impact of those values often given in social media.ConclusionsThe article concludes that in order to build a better world, it is necessary for the values proposed by Catholic Social Teaching to become the foundation of the value system embraced by members of society.

The Negede Woyto Minority Group in a Historical Perspective

Abstract Ethiopia is one of the oldest countries, inhabited by different ethnic and cultural groups. One of the minority groups in the nation, the Negede Woyto of the Lake Tana Catchment Area, has been marginalised in terms of various aspects. Besides reconstructing the history of this minority group, this article strives to investigate the changes and continuities in the social, economic, and political lives of the minority group from a historical perspective. To this end, both primary and secondary sources were collected and used. Based on the analysis, the study found that communal life, low social capital, marginalisation, conflict of values, a lack of institutions that protect minorities, low political participation, and a lack of secure means of survival are identified as the main causes for the majority of the Negede Woyto Community to lead a life as subhuman with (in) dignity and chronic poverty.

Health Promotion Values Underlying Healthy Eating Strategies in The Netherlands.

Healthy eating strategies are a large focus of research, practice, and policy in the Netherlands to improve the diets of socioeconomically disadvantaged populations (SDPs) and reduce health inequalities. However, the fundamental values of the health professionals that develop, implement, and evaluate healthy eating strategies are not explicit. Understanding and challenging these values may be an important step in aligning and improving efforts to support healthy diets in SDPs. The purpose of this qualitative study was to critically examine the values influencing strategies to promote healthy eating in SDPs in the Netherlands. In-depth interviews guided by a critical health promotion model were conducted with a diverse group of health professionals (n = 29) between October 2020 and January 2021 and analyzed using reflective thematic analysis. Results indicated that health professionals' values overlapped in many ways, including their shared values concerning beneficence, responsibility, and collaboration. However, value conflicts were also uncovered surrounding assumptions about SDPs and ethical change processes. The co-existence of conventional and holistic health promotion values also reflected an enduring emphasis on individual-level healthy eating strategies. It is concluded that ongoing attention to the values of health professionals is needed to advance healthy eating strategies and reduce diet-related health inequalities.

Social Milieus and Social Integration. From Theoretical Considerations to an Empirical Model

Current debates on threats to social integration in times of multiple crises call for a better understanding of the relationship between socioeconomic inequality and sociocultural value conflicts. The aim of this article is to (re)introduce the concept of social milieus as a promising approach to capture the complexity of this relationship at the group level. We offer a theoretical extension of the concept of social milieus, which has so far been limited to the German discourse, by linking it to the international debate on sociocultural “cleavages” and cultural value conflicts. Social milieus are defined as large latent groups with similar socioeconomic positions and cultural values. Accordingly, they develop milieu-specific forms of social integration in potentially conflictual demarcation from other milieus. This conceptualization offers a theoretical framework for analyzing social integration from the perspective of social groups in terms of social integration within social milieus and relationships between milieus. In order to illustrate the capabilities of this theoretical approach, we develop a first empirical model of social milieus in Germany based on a Latent Class Analysis of socioeconomic indicators and Schwartz’ basic human values. With this theoretical concept and empirical model, we put social milieus on the international research agenda for the analysis of social integration within and between social groups.

Values conflict resolution

The values and personal beliefs of veterinary staff and clients can be a cause of conflict. Understanding how values contribute to conflict improves the veterinary nurse's ability to minimise and resolve these conflicts. This article describes the key issues of value conflict and methods for resolving such conflicts in the veterinary environment.

The Attempted Destruction of Western Values

An attempt to shake the established world order of Western society, based on International Law, by the waging of war, has reached its peak. This is evidenced not only by Russia’s war in Ukraine, but also by Russia’s political attempts to destabilise Moldova’s approach to Western values, along with the recent unrest in Georgia, where there is a risk of restricting individual freedom of expression, and the constant threats against the Baltic States. Conflicts of values have existed throughout world history, but the events we are witnessing now are not an accident, but a systematic reiteration of Russia’s influence, with the aim of maintaining its influence and, perhaps, increasing its power in the region. The aim of this article is to show the clash of contemporary values in the current socio-political situation from the perspectives of theory and practice. Russian political leaders had long used alarming language in their rhetoric, up to and including the moment of the Russian invasion of Ukraine. In Europe and throughout the Western world there was a belief in universal values with peaceful/stable global institutions, a belief which has proved to be misguided. On the other hand, military aggression against a free and independent country can be interpreted as a direct and clear attempt to destabilise the values of Western civilisation, without which no democratic society can exist. The timing of the military aggression was chosen after a decline in civic confidence from the perspective of the COVID-19 crisis; European countries were experiencing a reduction in political activity among their citizens, dissatisfaction with the political elite, and a certain decline in confidence in the EU institutions. The course of the pandemic reflected the lack of critical thinking in societies, as individuals were also at risk of manipulation in the information sphere. The Russian invasion of Ukraine caused some indignation in the Western world and a failure to react quickly to the rapid turn of events. After the first year of the war, the EU Member States managed not only to change their position but also to give unwavering and unequivocal support to the victim of the war, namely, Ukraine. So far, the EU slogan “United in Diversity” has become “United in Solidarity”, helping Ukraine to hold on and possibly win the war against the aggressor state, because no war, especially a war of values, ends on the front lines. As a result of current events, EU and transatlantic cooperation has undergone a major transformation involving extensive cooperation, a clear position on international law, and a desire to preserve and strengthen Western values.

사회갈등 관련 인식이 민주주의 수준 만족도에 미치는 영향

The COVID-19 pandemic has intensified social conflicts in Korean society. Scholars saw that the increase in social conflict could be a hindrance to national economic growth and a barrier to democracy. However, in previous studies, there is a limitation in that various aspects of social conflict in modern society have not been contained by connecting citizens' satisfaction with the level of democracy and economic situation. Therefore, in this study, the effect of social conflict-related perceptions on democratic level satisfaction was examined, focusing on the effect of economic situation satisfaction. The study conducted statistical analysis using multiple regression analysis using data from the 2021 Social Integration Survey by the Korea Institute of Public Administration. As a result of the study, it was confirmed that social conflict-related perceptions had a significant effect on democratic level satisfaction, but their influence differed depending on the pattern of conflict. From this, it has the following research and policy implications. First, the conflict of material needs is found to be caused by conflicts involving economic interests, requiring fairness-oriented policies such as guaranteeing equality of opportunity. Second, the value conflict resulted from cultural differences, and policies to prevent cultural polarization should be considered in that if cultural and value conflicts are alleviated, democratic satisfaction can also be increased. Third, in the case of ideological conflict, ideological conflict can be seen as an opportunity to lead to participatory democracy in that stakeholders of ideological conflict show efforts to resolve the conflict. However, ideological conflicts appear to have more political factors than economic interests than other conflicts, so it is necessary for the government to play the role of coordinating and resolving ideological conflicts. Fourth, the government's efforts to resolve conflicts can lead to a positive evaluation of democracy. In order to solve the problem of social conflict in capitalist society, it should act as an active conflict resolution role of the government. Overall, the influence of social conflict on democratic satisfaction was revealed differently depending on the type and characteristics of the conflict. In addition, along with the economic situation satisfaction variable, it has a statistically greater influence. This proves that social conflict is strongly related to economic interests rather than simply independently caused. Therefore, rather than resolving each social conflict individually, efforts should be made to approach it from a comprehensive perspective according to the characteristics of each conflict.