Confirmatory Factor Analysis Research Articles

Validating the foreign language enjoyment scale for young learners: An exploratory structural equation modeling approach

Foreign language enjoyment (FLE) has garnered scholarly attention within the framework of positive psychology. However, FLE-related studies have predominantly focused on adult learners, with little exploration into FLE among young language learners (YLLs). Consequently, little is known about the factorial structure of FLE and its sources for YLLs. This study aims to develop and validate the foreign language enjoyment scale (FLES) designed for YLLs by comparing four models: confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), bifactor CFA, ESEM, and bifactor ESEM, based on Alamer's (2022) guidelines for ESEM. 510 Japanese elementary ESL learners in the 5th and 6th grades participated in this study. The analysis of the four models revealed that the bifactor ESEM outperformed the others in terms of model fit and comparative indices, identifying a three-factor model of FLE, which is consistent with prior studies on adult learners. The findings from this study not only contribute to further understanding of FLE within a less-studied population but also advance methodological approaches for scale validation in applied linguistics.

The Azerbaijani Adaptation of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale: Investigating Its Influence on Psychological Distress and Life-Job Satisfaction

Teacher well-being plays a vital role in fostering a positive and productive learning environment, as it directly impacts both their professional performance and the overall success of their students. Consequently, this study aimed to adapt the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale for use among Azerbaijani school principals and to investigate the relationships between work and wellbeing, psychological distress, and life-job satisfaction. Data were gathered from 976 Azerbaijani school principals. The adaptation process involved confirmatory factor analysis, evaluations of criterion-related validity, and reliability testing. Additionally, the relationships between work and wellbeing, psychological distress, and life-job satisfaction were examined through mediational analysis. The confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the questionnaire consisted of 17 items, highlighted three factors, and demonstrated an acceptable model fit. The scale showed satisfactory reliability coefficients for both its individual factors and the overall score. Moreover, the results indicated that work and wellbeing was positively correlated with life-job satisfaction and negatively associated with psychological distress. Lastly, the findings revealed that psychological distress mediated the relationship between work and wellbeing and life-job satisfaction. These outcomes suggest that the Azerbaijani version of the Utrecht Work Engagement Scale possesses strong psychometric properties.

The influence of natural factors on poverty in West Halmahera

Poverty remains one of the persistent social issues faced by governments in many regions, including coastal and small island communities. The poverty experienced in these areas is driven by a combination of natural, social, and economic factors. Dynamic environmental conditions, such as seasonal changes, extreme weather, wide geographic dispersion between sea and land, isolation due to limited accessibility, and vulnerability to natural disasters, often trap coastal populations in a cycle of poverty. Data from West Halmahera Regency indicates that poverty levels have shown little improvement up until 2023. This research focuses on a sample of 390 poor residents from the region, utilizing Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) and Principal Component Regression Analysis (PCRA) to examine the factors affecting poverty. The findings reveal that within the Natural Capital variable (X1), the most significant indicators are the distance from the house to a clean water source (X4), with a coefficient of 0.894, the condition of the water source near the residence (X5), with a coefficient of 0.884, and accessibility to clean water sources (X3), with a coefficient of 0.89. West Halmahera, being a coastal and mountainous region, suffers from an unequal distribution of essential infrastructure, particularly in areas far from the district capital. Clean water infrastructure remains absent in many areas, and even in mountainous regions where water piping exists, geographic challenges hinder functionality. Addressing these issues requires collaboration between local governments, the private sector, universities, and the community. Solutions may include programs that incorporate local wisdom and focus on infrastructure development, sustainable water management, and environmentally friendly practices. Such initiatives could enhance access to clean water, improve the local economy, and ultimately reduce poverty in West Halmahera.

Testing the associations between poverty stigma and mental health: The role of received stigma and perceived structural stigma.

Previous research has documented how people living on low incomes in the United Kingdom (UK) and internationally experience various forms of poverty stigma. The purpose of this study was to quantitatively examine how experiences of poverty stigma are associated with mental health outcomes. An online, cross-sectional survey was conducted with 1,000 adults living in predominantly low- and middle-income households in the UK. The survey included a questionnaire designed to measure participants' experiences of different forms of poverty stigma, as well as measures of anxiety, depression and mental well-being. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses of the poverty stigma questionnaire supported a two-factor solution. One factor reflected participants' experiences of being mistreated and judged unfairly by other people because they live on low income (received stigma) and the other factor reflected participants' perceptions of how people living in poverty are treated by media outlets, public services and politicians (perceived structural stigma). Both received and perceived structural stigma were independently associated with anxiety, depression and mental well-being and these relationships persisted after controlling for socioeconomic indicators. There was also evidence that received stigma and perceived structural stigma partially mediated the relationships between financial hardship and mental health outcomes. Experiences of received and perceived structural poverty stigma are both associated with mental health and well-being. This suggests that addressing interpersonal and structural forms of poverty stigma may help to narrow socioeconomic inequalities in mental health.

The Spanish Adaptation of the Quality in Psychiatric Care—Forensic Inpatient (QPC-FIP) Instrument: Psychometric Properties

Background/Objectives: The quality of care in forensic mental health services is a factor that significantly impacts recovery and constitutes a right of the individuals receiving treatment. However, there is a lack of instruments to assess the perceived quality of care among individuals in this setting. Quality in Psychiatric Care—Forensic Inpatient (QPC-FIP) is a Swedish instrument that measures the perception of quality care from the perspectives of patients in the forensic setting. The aim of this study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation of the QPC-FIP instrument into Spanish and to assess its reliability and validity. Methods: For the adaptation process, a translation–backtranslation of the instrument was performed. Regarding psychometric properties, the sample consisted of 120 inpatients in the forensic setting to whom the instrument was applied. To assess temporal stability, the instrument was readministered after 10 days (n = 98). Results: The confirmatory factor analysis showed an equivalent seven-factor structure with the original version, presenting a satisfactory model fit. Regarding reliability, the Cronbach’s alpha value was 0.933, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.836 (95% IC: 0.742–0.896), revealing results higher than 0.70 in six of the seven factors. Conclusions: The Spanish version of the QPC-FIP instrument showed adequate validity and reliability values, indicating that is a useful tool for measuring quality in psychiatric care in the forensic context.

The Objectification of Others Scale: Confirmatory and Exploratory Factor Analysis in a Sample of Emerging Adults

The objectification of others is an important phenomenon in the cycle of objectification. However, few instruments measure the construct of other-objectification. This study examines the psychometric properties of Objectification of Others Scale using a sample of emerging adults (N = 1,584). Two random subsamples (n = 792) of the dataset were used to conduct exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, resulting in a two-factor model that explained 72.37% of the variance. We address limitations of the instrument and make recommendations for future research.

Validation and Reliability Study of The Turkish Version of The Health Services Access Scale

Background/aim: The aim of this study is to establish the Turkish validity and reliability of the Healthcare Access Scale and to determine whether perceptions of healthcare access vary according to demographic variables. Materials and methods: Data for the research were collected through surveys of 468 participants across Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were conducted in the process of adapting the Healthcare Access Scale. In addition, t-tests and ANOVA tests were used to determine variations in access to healthcare according to demographic variables. The factors obtained from the exploratory factor analysis were confirmed by confirmatory factor analysis. The fit index values of the five-dimension health care access scale were found to be in the good fit range. Results: As a result of the difference analyses carried out, no significant differences were found in the perceptions of access to healthcare according to gender, age and educational level. However, various differences were observed between the groups in terms of the type of hospital services received, income level and frequency of hospital visits in the past year. In conclusion, this study makes a significant contribution to the literature by testing the appropriateness, validity and reliability of the Healthcare Access Scale. Conclusion: This study makes a significant contribution to the literature by testing the appropriateness, validity and reliability of the Healthcare Access Scale. Key words: Health Services, Health System, Validity and Reliability, Access to Health Services, Turkish Validity, Health

Development of the Ward Nurses' Perspective-taking of the Staff Receiving Discharged Patients Scale: An observational study of ward nurses.

Discharge planning involves coordinating between different care settings. Failed coordination can lead to delayed care at the facilities receiving discharged patients. Nurses who implement discharge planning must consider the circumstances of the staff receiving the discharged patients. This study aims to develop a nurses' perspective-taking scale for measuring the cognitive process of imagining a staff's situation when receiving discharged patients. An online survey was conducted from September to November 2021 with nurses in Japanese acute care hospitals, using a 20-item questionnaire based on interviews and a literature review. Item reduction was conducted based on inter-item correlations, item-total correlations, and exploratory factor analysis. Confirmatory factor analysis was performed. For the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis, the samples were randomly split in half and tested. Cronbach's alpha, intraclass correlation coefficients, and correlation coefficients were calculated using both self-developed and pre-existing measures. The questionnaire was distributed to 1,289 individuals, and 416 valid responses were obtained. Item reduction and exploratory factor analysis resulted in a 10-item scale with two subscales, "imagine-other" (six items), which is imagining the other person's situation, and "imagine-self" (four items), which is imagining oneself in the other person's situation. The goodness-of-fit indices were as follows: comparative fit index, 0.95; root mean square error of approximation, 0.08; and standardized root mean squared residual, 0.06. Correlation coefficients with existing scales were 0.38, 0.57, and -0.33. Cronbach's alpha was 0.89, and the intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.54. The newly developed scale proved to be reliable, valid, and suitable for use. This scale can measure the degree of perspective-taking by nurses, which can improve collaboration between facilities and the effectiveness of discharge planning.

Adaptation of the Problem Areas in Diabetes-Teen Scale into Turkish and examination of its psychometric properties: a validity and reliability study

Objective. Management of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is quite challenging for both adolescents and their families. In this study, we aimed to translate the 14-item Problem Areas in Diabetes-Teen (PAID-T) scale, which measures variables that influence diabetes distress, to Turkish and investigate the Turkish version’s reliability and validity. Methods. One hundred and ninety-four adolescents with T1DM participated in the study. PAID-T and forms for sociodemographic and diabetes characteristics were used for data collection. The scale’s content validity was checked using the Davis technique. Cronbach’s α was used to analyze the scale’s internal reliability and the test-retest for the scale’s reliability. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) was utilized to examine the factor structure. The fit of the scale was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results. Of the participants, 54.6% (n=106) were girls. The content validity index values of the scale items ranged between 0.86 and 1.0. The PAID-T scores of girls and boys were similar. No significant difference was found between PAID-T scores with sociodemographic data and diabetes characteristics (p>0.05). The test-retest correlation coefficient of the scale was found to be 0.952. The three-factor (emotional burden, family and friend distress, and regimen-specific distress) model identified in EFA explained 61.8% of the common variance. Fit analysis was performed using CFA for the three-factor model, which did not show adequate fit (x2/df = 2.402, GFI = 0.822, CFI = 0.815, NFI = 0.727, NNFI = 0.772, RMSEA = 0.118). The Cronbach α value of the scale was 0.864. Conclusion. The Turkish version of the 14-item PAID-T showed moderate validity and strong reliability. Accordingly, it can be used as a reliable measurement tool to assess diabetes stress in adolescents with T1DM.

Unraveling University EFL Teachers’ Feedback Beliefs in Teaching English Argumentative Writing

ABSTRACTTeachers’ beliefs about feedback can affect both the way they provide feedback and its effectiveness in improving students’ writing proficiency. However, research remains scant on belief–practice relationships. This study attempted to fill the gap by investigating such relationships with a sample of 112 Chinese university EFL teachers in teaching argumentative writing. Data were collected through a writing feedback beliefs and practices questionnaire, an argumentative writing teaching beliefs questionnaire, and semi‐structured interviews. The participants were selected using convenience sampling from six universities in Northern China. Quantitative data were analyzed through confirmatory factor analysis, multiple regression, and repeated measures ANOVA to examine the characteristics of these teachers’ writing feedback beliefs and the relationships between the beliefs and relevant practices. Qualitative data from the interviews were analyzed thematically to gain deeper insights into the belief–practice relationships. Results indicated that most teachers believed their feedback was crucial for improving students' argumentative writing, particularly regarding communicative purposes, discourse organization, linguistic expressions, argument construction, and rhetorical techniques. However, a discrepancy was noted between teachers' feedback beliefs and their practices, especially concerning linguistic expressions. These findings highlight the need for targeted support to better align teachers' feedback beliefs with their practices for more effective teaching of EFL writing.

The Impact of Green Supply Chain Management on Green Innovation, Environmental Performance, and Competitive Advantage

Environmental issues are increasing in importance for businesses day by day. Businesses are undergoing an environmentally focused transformation in all their activities within the value chain. Therefore, the necessity of integrating and maintaining the concept of “green” in all processes such as production, technology development, marketing, and supply chains has emerged. Topics such as environmentally sensitive production systems, green supply, and green innovation (GI) are both accepted in practice in various sectors and are examined in the literature. When the impact of green practices on the performance items of businesses is taken into consideration, it is important to examine the issue from this perspective. In this context, the aim of this study is to examine the impact of green supply chain management (GSCM) practices on GI, environmental performance (EP), and competitive advantage (CA). Within the framework of this aim, a survey was conducted on 283 businesses producing plastic, packaging, and textile products in Gaziantep (169) and Konya (114) provinces in Türkiye. In this study, where the quantitative research method was adopted, the hypotheses established were tested by using structural equation modeling (SEM). SPSS 22.0 package program and AMOS 22.0 program were used in the analysis. Within the scope of the analysis, the measurement model (confirmatory factor analysis) was first tested. As a result of the analysis, GSCM practices have a positive impact on GI and CA; GSCM has a positive impact on EP; GI has a positive impact on CA; and EP has not a positive impact on CA. This study is significant as it examines the combined impact of GSCM, GI, EP, and CA. Also, this study is important as it is the first study to examine the impact of GSCM practices on GI, EP, and CA in Türkiye.

Experience of Service Questionnaire (ESQ) in children and adolescents: factor structure, reliability, validity, item parameters and interpretability of the parent version for practical use in Greece

BackgroundHealth systems need tools to assess patient’s experience of service, but existing tools lack reliability and validity assessment. Our aim is to investigate the factor structure, reliability, validity, item parameters and interpretability of the parent version of the Experience of Service Questionnaire (ESQ) for practical use in Greece.MethodsA total of 265 caregivers that were using mental health services in Greece participated in this study as part of the Nationwide cross-sectional survey from the Child and Adolescent Mental Health Initiative (CAMHI). Confirmatory Factor Analysis was used to test factor structure. Reliability of all models were measured with omega coefficients. Tobit regression analysis was used to test for convergent and discriminant validity with specifically designed questions. Item parameters were assessed via Item Response Theory. Interpretability was assessed by means of IRT-based scores.ResultsWe found that ESQ is best represented and scored as a unidimensional construct, given potential subscales would not have enough reliability apart from a general factor. Convergent and discriminant validity was demonstrated, as caregivers who perceived that their child benefited from the received mental health care had 6.50 higher summed scores (SMD = 1.14, p < 0.001); while those who believed that their child needed additional help had 5.08 lower summed scores on the ESQ (SMD = −0.89, p < 0.001). Average z-scores provided five meaningful categories of services, in terms of user satisfaction, compared to the national average.ConclusionsOur study presents evidence for the reliability and validity of the ESQ and provides recommendations for its practical use in Greece. ESQ can be used to measure experience of service and might help drive improvements in service delivery in the Greek mental health sector.

Operational Challenges of Small Scale Enterprises in Namakkal District

The research work examined the operational problems those hinder the efficacy and productivity of the SSEs in the jurisdiction of Namakkal District. This scientific investigation is of an empirical nature and it is based on the data that was personally gathered by following a schedule of interviews. Through formal conversation with the business owners of SSEs every attempt has been made to determine the accuracy of the material that has been gathered. In order to accomplish the goals of the research, a field survey was carried out in order to collect primary data. For the purpose of selecting samples, the type of sampling known as simple random sampling was used. The samples that were selected were comprised of business owners of SSEs from the Namakkal District. In each step of the selection process, the lottery method was used as a simple random sampling methodology. The sample size of the study was fixed to be 147 based on the statistical tools that were used in the study. The collected main data that was obtained from the sample small scale units was performed as part of the analysis of the data. The data have been categorised, and cross tabulation has been performed in accordance with the various attributes of the variables. The study has used confirmatory factor analysis using the AMOS software to analyse the challenges faced by the SSE in Namakkal District. The SSEs operating in the study area are highly impacted by the challenges of skilled labor source and lack of appropriate infrastructure to operate their business which has to be resolved by stakeholders involved in policy making.

Psychometric and network analysis of kinesiophobia in Iranian surgical patients

Kinesiophobia, the fear of movement, can significantly impede an individual’s ability to engage in daily activities. This fear often stems from past traumatic experiences or witnessing others in pain, leading to an increased fear of injury. This study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia among Iranian post-surgery patients. A methodological study conducted in 2023 involved a sample of 400 post-surgery patients selected through convenience sampling. The translated scale underwent psychometric evaluation, including network analysis, exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis for construct validity, as well as assessments for convergent and discriminant validity. Internal consistency of the scale was also assessed. The mean age of the participants was 44.38 (SD = 13.49) years and the majority of them (77.8%) were women. Exploratory factor analysis with Promax rotation identified two factors explaining 60.28% of the variance, comprising 17 items. The final model was confirmed after necessary adjustments in confirmatory factor analysis. Both convergent and discriminant validity were established, and alpha and omega coefficients of the subscales were above 0.7. The Persian version of the Tampa Scale for Kinesiophobia showed robust psychometric properties among Iranian post-surgery patients, serving as a valuable tool for evaluating and addressing kinesiophobia in this population. These findings enhance the understanding and management of kinesiophobia within the Iranian healthcare context.

Relations among the trifurcated narcissism domains at trait and state level: Two of a kind?

This study explored narcissistic states using a hierarchical, trifurcated structure, examining state variability and trait-state associations of agentic extraversion, self-centered antagonism, and narcissistic neuroticism. The primary objective was to investigate whether the structural composition of narcissism, well-established in trait data, could be replicated in state data. We examined this structure at both between- and within-person levels in state data, including situation-specific structures of narcissism. The study used data from an experimental study where participants ( N = 189) met in groups of up to four people weekly over six weeks. Multilevel confirmatory factor analyses revealed that the narcissism structure was largely the same at both levels. However, within-person compositions of narcissism differed across affiliative versus controversial situations. In affiliative contexts, grandiosity manifested exclusively through agentic extraversion, with no expression through self-centered antagonism. In controversial settings, agentic extraversion and narcissistic neuroticism exhibited a slight negative association, contrasting the positive association observed across all group meetings. Our results show that narcissistic states exhibited less variability compared to the Big Five and rarely varied above their corresponding trait levels. This research contributes to a refined understanding of narcissism, highlighting the interplay between trait tendencies and situational factors in shaping narcissistic state expressions.

Fostering Tech Integration: Teachers' Attitudes Mediating Lifelong Learning and Technology Integration Self-Efficacy

What matters in education now is teaching and learning in a transformational era. It is primarily about what we demand from education and how we acquire information. To manage the dynamism of learning and teaching, it is crucial to research the teachers’ integration of technology in the context of lifelong education. This study investigates how teachers’ perspectives of lifelong learning and technology attitudes influence technology integration self-efficacy. A structural equation model was constructed to represent the causal relationships between variables. In the 2021-2022 academic year, 386 teachers from various high schools in Eskişehir, Türkiye, were selected using the stratified sampling method. Descriptive analysis and simple linear regression analysis were used to analyze the data, and exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis determined the structural validity of the scales. The validity of the structural equation model was tested by means of path analysis and the model was found to be acceptable. Results show that teacher attitudes mediate between lifelong learning and technology integration self-efficacy, thereby influencing successful technology integration in the classroom. Examining the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of lifelong learning and their level of competence in adapting to technological advances is expected to contribute to relevant studies in this area.

Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Information Concealment Scale for Caregivers of palliative care patients.

This methodological study aimed to establish the validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the Information Concealment Scale for Caregivers of palliative care patients. The study was conducted between January and June 2023 with 155 caregivers who cared for patients hospitalized in the palliative care units of 2 hospitals in Istanbul, Turkey. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis were performed for validity analysis. Cronbach's α, item-total correlation, intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC), and Pearson correlation analysis were used for reliability analysis. Of the participants, 54.2% were female and 69% were married. The mean age was 37.96 ± 12.25 years. According to the exploratory factor analysis, the scale consisted of 3 subscales and 15 items. The first subscale of the scale was expressed as "misrepresentation of the disease'; the second subscale was defined as "concealment of information"; the third subscale was defined as "misrepresentation of the real situation." As a result of the modifications made in confirmatory factor analysis, the goodness-of-fit values were as follows: CMIN/DF(X2/Sd) = 175.16/815 = 2.16; GFI = 0.88; CFI = 0.91; RMSEA = 0.079; RMR = .070; NFI = 0.90. The Cronbach's α values of the subscale were between 0.79 and 0.87. ICC values were between 0.90 and 0.95 at a confidence interval of 95%. A positive correlation was determined between the subscales. It was determined that the Turkish version of the Information Concealment Scale was a valid and reliable tool for caregivers.

The mentor attunement scale: a tool to measure a critical mentoring skill-set

ABSTRACT This article details a two-phase study of the development and validation of a mentor attunement scale (MAS). Phase 1 involved theory-driven generation of 20 items to measure four facets of attunement. Rasch analysis of data collected from 390 youth mentors indicated problematic reverse-coded items, which were eliminated to improve scale functioning. Exploratory Factor Analysis and reliability analysis applied to the same dataset supported this removal, and pointed to an internally consistent, 12-item, one-factor solution, then tested using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) in the second phase. CFA applied to a second cohort of 453 mentors produced a good fitting, single-factor, 5-item scale. A measurement model consisting of the five attunement items and an existing, 7-item empathy scale was then tested to confirm convergent and discriminant validity. The final solution supported a two-factor, 9-item MAS. Use of the MAS can advance the fragmented conceptualization and measurement of critical mentoring skills.

Professional Growth from Painful Experiences: Developing the Posttraumatic Growth Scale for Workers

Mental health problems among workers are important issues. While preventing such problems is crucial, it is also imperative to understand the potential positive transformation that can arise from work-related stressful events, especially considering that many workers have already experienced severe stress and that eliminating stress in the workplace is essentially impossible. This study focused on posttraumatic growth (PTG), the leading concept in capturing such positive transformation, and developed a PTG scale for workers (PTGS-W). Given that the original PTG scale was not developed with a focus on workplace or organizational settings, a scale adequately assessing workers’ PTG is necessary to provide important insights for occupational health practice and future research. Two studies were conducted. In Study 1, items were developed via an inductive method, and exploratory factor analysis extracted four factors. Each factor had sufficient internal consistency and demonstrated significant associations with the PTG-related scales. In Study 2, item response theory was applied to evaluate the psychometric properties of the items and to select items, followed by confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), to test the hypothesis factor structure developed in Study 1. The CFA results indicated that the four-factor model fit well and provided support for the hypothesis. A 4-factor, 18-item scale was ultimately established. The results indicated that the PTGS-W exhibited satisfactory reliability and convergent validity. Additionally, significant associations were found between work engagement and job crafting, although some scales for the negative state yielded no association or a limited association. The strengths and limitations of the PTGS-W are discussed.

THE EFFECT OF STRATEGIC HUMAN RESOURCE MANAGEMENT PRACTICES ON ORGANIZATIONAL PERFORMANCE WITH THE MEDIATING ROLE OF INNOVATION (CASE STUDY: MIANDOAB CITY EDUCATION DEPARTMENT)

This study aimed to explore the effect of strategic human resource management practices on organizational performance with the mediating role of organizational innovation in the Miandoab City education department. This research is practical, in terms of purpose, and among descriptive studies in terms of data collection method. The statistical population of the research was all the experts of the Miandoab city education department, who were selected by simple random sampling method number of 218 people. To collect data, three questionnaires on strategic human resource management by Chen and Hong (2009), organizational performance by Ahmadi (2012), and organizational innovation by Shoham et al., (2012) were used. The validity of the questions was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis, and the results showed that strategic human resource management has a significant effect on organizational performance with a factor of 44%, and on organizational innovation with a factor of 76%. Organizational innovation significantly affects organizational performance with a factor of 59%. The results also confirmed the mediating role of organizational innovation in the research community. The study emphasizes the necessity of paying more attention to the strategic methods of human resource management and strengthening innovation to cope with scientific and technological advances.