Present study demonstrates a new type of Pr-doped Sr-based double perovskite family of Sr2-xPrxFeCrO6 (x = 0 to 1) oxide materials that were synthesized via sol-gel route, and their electrical properties were analyzed at elevated temperature. The structural investigation reveals a single phase cubic structure for pristine Sr2FeCrO6 (SFCO) compound. The mixed phase of cubic and orthorhombic structure was noticed in the initially doped compound (i.e., x = 0.25), whereas, only single phase orthorhombic structure was confirmed for x = 0.50 to 1 in Sr2-xPrxFeCrO6 (SPFCO) compound. The crystallite sizes were decreased with increasing doping concentration, which correlates well with the morphological findings. The different oxidation states of elements in SrPrFeCoO6 sample were confirmed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, suggesting the presence of defect sites in these oxide ceramics. The temperature dependent electrical conductivity (σ) with two semiconductor transition was noticed in pristine SFCO compound. After substituting Pr (x = 0.75 and x = 1) on Sr-site, the significant drop in σ was observed along with semiconductor-to-metal-to-semiconductor transition around ∼1120 K. The dielectric analysis also indicates that the charge transport mechanism was governed by small polaron hopping, which suggested the presence of nearest neighbor hopping charge carrier conduction mechanism in entire samples. In all the samples, initially rise and then fall in thermal conductivity was noticed up to certain temperatures, thereafter, it increases with further increase in temperature maximum up to the examined temperature. The highest figure of merit (ZT = 0.108) was observed for final doped SPFCO (i.e., x = 1) compound, which was ∼3.6 times more as compare to the pristine SFCO compound (x = 0).