State Conditions Research Articles

Needs and problems of war veterans and defendants in ukraine under the conditions of marital state

In the article the issues and needs, which veterans and defenders of Ukraine face after they return to civil life, have been reviewed. In accordance with the results of sociological studies, which have recently been conducted in Ukraine, the majority of problems, faced by the veterans, are linked to the process of obtaining the status of combatant and/or the status of a person with disability caused by war. In the first place this is due to the increase in number of military servants and volunteers, who are entitled to this appropriate status as well as due to the increase of applications for the formalization of this status. A quite urgent issue is manifested by the difficulties with going through medical boards and that is linked to bureaucracy, a large number of documents, necessity to repeatedly re-process these documents because of inconsistency of document formats etc. Moreover, the veterans, who have returned from the area of combat operations, are in need of medical care, recovery and physical rehabilitation, professional psychological support. One of the problematic points is low awareness of military servants about social benefits and aids, guaranteed by the state as well as mechanisms of their reception; low awareness about support with employment and job search, the possibility of opening their own business, professional psychological support. At the moment the veterans are deep in thoughts about their further employment or have doubts that they will be able to work at all due to health issues, injuries. However, the employment of the veterans will become a topical issue for Ukraine in the future after the war ends. One of the issues that needs solving is the existence of specific stereotypes employers have towards the veterans (instable mental state, uncontrolled emotions, health conditions etc.) One of the solutions to the problems indicated is implementation of the mentorship (consultancy) institution for military servants in the territorial communities. Mentors (consultants) will inform and provide consultations on official status registration and possibilities of obtaining the benefits, guaranteed by the state, as well as socio-psychological and socio-economic services. Furthermore, military servants should receive mentorship support/consultations not only at the place of their stay after demobilization, but also at the place of their military service.

Healthy lifestyle culture formed through prism of self-understanding of personal and social identity

The present research results are important from a new perspective for revealing the problem of self-understanding of the personality of the titular ethnic group of Kyrgyzstan and other nationalities living in the country, aged up to 30 years or older. Empirical and experimental data confirmed that living in the ethnocultural conditions of a young sovereign state, on the one hand, has a similar effect on the development of self-understanding of personal and social identity both among representatives of the titular ethnic group of Kyrgyzstan and among other large ethnic groups living in modern Kyrgyzstan, and so, the I-Ideal and a positive attitude towards other groups play a central role in the formation of self-identity and of a healthy lifestyle. On the other hand, the issues of xenophobia-xenophilia and of control of beliefs are important to consider in the development of self-understanding of personal and social identity of representatives of other nations living in Kyrgyzstan. Without finding a balance between the I-Ideal and the I-Real, xenophobia-xenophilia, developing a balanced Self-Identity can be extremely difficult for representatives of other peoples living in Kyrgyzstan, which will inevitably lead to ethnic conflicts and clashes on national grounds.

Innovative approaches to the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms under the conditions of marital state

Innovative approaches to the protection of human and citizen rights and freedoms under the conditions of marital state

Problem aspects of the management of energy security of Ukraine under the conditions of marital state

Problem aspects of the management of energy security of Ukraine under the conditions of marital state

Trends of bankruptcy and directions of financial recovery of enterprises under the conditions of marital state

Trends of bankruptcy and directions of financial recovery of enterprises under the conditions of marital state

Development of digital competence of future law officers in the conditions of marital state

Development of digital competence of future law officers in the conditions of marital state

Analysis of the development of agricultural protection legislation of Ukraine under the conditions of marital state

Analysis of the development of agricultural protection legislation of Ukraine under the conditions of marital state

КЕҢЕС ОДАҒЫНЫҢ БАТЫРЫ С. НҰРМАҒАМБЕТОВТЫҢ ЖАУЫНГЕРЛІК ЖОЛЫ МЕН ҚОЛБАСШЫЛЫҚ ҚЫЗМЕТІ

The article reveals the features of the social origin and formation of the Hero of the Soviet Union Sagadat Nurmagambetov (1924-2013). His life reflected all the historical events of his country: the Sec-ond World War, the difficult post-war period, the collapse of the Soviet Union and the formation of independent Kazakhstan. It was S. Nurmagambetov who became the first commander of the defense of Kazakhstan in the conditions of a sovereign state of the country. The article uses the biographical method, the methodological features of which made it possible to consider the process of identification and true assessment of personality. The source material was based on materials from archival funds and websites dedicated to the creation of the new Armed Forces of independent Kazakhstan, memories of veterans of the Great Patriotic War, memories of S. Nurmagambetov’s friends and colleagues about his role in the creation of a modern army, improvement of military service and the military education system. The article shows military educational institutions named after S. Nurmagambetov, provides an analysis of books about military events at the front during the war, describes his contribution to the formation of traditions and the foundation of the armed forces of the Republic of Kazakhstan. This article contributes to the development of historical memory of local actors of the Second World War, patriotism and histori-cal continuity.

МОЖЛИВОСТІ ІМПЛЕМЕНТАЦІЇ СВІТОВОГО ДОСВІДУ РЕАЛІЗАЦІЇ МЕХАНІЗМІВ ДЕРЖАВНОЇ ІНВЕСТИЦІЙНОЇ ПОЛІТИКИ НА РЕГІОНАЛЬНОМУ РІВНІ

The article analyzes various approaches, ways, forms and methods of state support for investment activities used in global practice. At the same time, the generalization of the relevant experience was carried out in two directions: general approaches and practices regarding the activation and efficiency of investment activities, in particular in the conditions of the crisis state of the economy, its insufficient investment attractiveness and instability; a specific toolkit used in the conditions of war and post-war reconstruction of the national economy. The purpose of the study was to generalize the world experience of implementing state investment policy mechanisms and to identify opportunities for their implementation in Ukraine at the regional level. The leading provisions of the world experience regarding the formation and implementation of regional investment policy are defined, in particular in the aspects of the goal and objectives of the regional investment policy, its mechanisms and the expected results of their implementation, the system of tools for supporting and developing investment activity. The main quality and efficiency criteria of the regional investment policy are identified, namely the volume and specific characteristics of investments, as well as the rationality of their structure, financing and use. At the same time, two conditions should be considered basic: transparency of the competitive environment and state control over strategic enterprises, types of economic activity, and sectors. It has been established that a sufficiently extensive toolkit of regional investment policy has been developed through world experience. In particular, effective tools of regional investment policy in conditions of critical instability are: insurance of military risks, their diversification; using the possibilities of concession agreements; private-public investment in defense industry and industries / sectors of critical infrastructure; support of innovative technological startups in the spheres of security, the real sector of the economy, infrastructure; stimulation of investments in the field of preservation of human potential; support for investments in business projects of demobilized people, war veterans, etc. participants in hostilities; stimulating investments in the development of export potential to preserve the country’s financial security.

Greg Mbaijiorgu’s Wake Up Everyone and the Scourge of Climatic Change on Food Security

While climatic change induced by natural disasters of flood, drought, pollution, and erosion is inevitable, much still needs to be done in taking proactive and preventive measures by the farmers and government at all levels to mitigate its havoc. Consequences of the destruction of farmlands and rivers are typified by the scarcity of agricultural products and high prices of available ones. In recent times, government intervention has been mostly a scientific forecast of the possibility of flood and drought that could change the climatic conditions in vulnerable states of the federation. There is also the man-induced disaster of destruction of farmlands and relocation of farmers for safety in the raging herdsmen/ farmers clash in the North Central zone of Nigeria that is a disincentive to a bountiful harvest. It is on this backdrop that, this paper using content/textual analysis as literary method and approach examines the sensitization of farmers, government at the grassroots level, and other stakeholders on the threat to food security from climatic change in the play, Wake Up Everyone. This is paper is therefore justified on the strength that it adds to the existing literature on environmental issues as well as the global discourses on food security. Hence, the focus of this paper is on the critical reading of Greg Mbaijiorgu’s Wake Up Everyone within the context of climatic change on Food security.

Trends in the investment attractiveness of Ukraine under the conditions of marital state

The article characterizes the essence and role of the investment attractiveness of Ukraine's economy in wartime conditions, determines the factors determining the country's investment attractiveness and factors that affect it during martial law, and proves the need to develop strategies for attracting investments in conditions of instability. The dynamics of investment flows in Ukraine during the last twenty years were considered and the negative impact of the conflict in the east of the country on investment activity was indicated, the main investor countries and sectors where foreign investments were directed were identified. The components of Ukraine's investment attractiveness index were analyzed and its negative dynamics were noted. The main problems of the investment attractiveness of Ukraine's economy are singled out, in particular, military actions on the territory of Ukraine, significant damage to the energy system, infrastructure, and production capacities of enterprises; imprudence of investment cooperation; instability and opacity of state legislation; high level of corruption; imperfection of tax policy; weak judicial system; the impossibility of forecasting the development of the national economy even in the medium term. The need for active cooperation with the media and stakeholders, as well as the use of communication capabilities of leaders and influential personalities at the international level to attract and interest investors, is indicated. Attention was focused on the investment opportunities of the regions and the industries with the greatest investment potential were identified. Vectors of increasing the investment potential of Ukraine in the post-war period are proposed, such as supporting industries that will contribute to the restoration of destroyed production capacities (construction, energy, agro-processing, logistics, IT, etc.); active development of the military and defense industry; introduction of benefits for the affected business; introduction of state insurance of foreign investments to reduce the risk for foreign partners; increasing informational support for investors; reforming the judicial system; development of industrial parks; diversification of mechanisms for attracting investment funds to the country, in particular support by business angels, attracting venture and strategic investors, crowdfunding, etc.

РОЗВИТОК ДЕРЖАВНИХ КОРПОРАЦІЙ: УПРАВЛІННЯ ТА РЕЗУЛЬТАТИ

The study is devoted to the generalization of experience and the development of scientifically based applied recommendations for managing the development of state joint-stock companies. Abstract-logical, systemic-structural and comparative analysis, grouping, statistical-economic, systematization and generalization methods were used for the research. Retrospective analysis made it possible to establish that in Ukraine, the joint-stock form of management was developed with the adoption of a legislative framework, which was developed using experience and information on legal foundations in economically developed countries. The grouping of signs regarding the advantages and disadvantages of the management joint-stock form was carried out, and the most significant ones were determined. A comparison of corporate governance outsider and insider models as the most frequently used in the countries of the world is made. Characterization of these models’ elements made it possible to establish significant discrepancies. The Ukrainian model of corporate governance uses elements of outsider and insider models, which reflects its specificity, including in the legislative framework. The provisions of the Ukraine new Law «On Joint-Stock Companies», effective from 01.01.2023, required changes to bring the management of corporations closer to international norms, which was implemented in the newest legislative framework from 03.05.2024. With the use of official statistical data, the dynamics of the decrease in the number of state-owned enterprises, their structure according to organizational and legal forms, and insignificant financial results of activity have been established. The rating of state corporations by the size of the share capital showed that the largest joint stock companies belong to the energy sector, as well as transport and communication. Of the TOP-5 state corporations, only three enterprises pay dividends according to the established norm, but all entities have mostly low-level financial indicators. It is proposed to increase the efficiency of management and results of state corporations on the basis of taking into account detailed external and internal factors of the precrisis state, as well as the introduction of an anti-crisis management mechanism, the components of which differ depending on the state of the economy. In particular, the developed external and internal factors are recommended to be used in the period of a stable state of the economy, in the period of the pre-crisis state - measures for the recovery or restructuring of joint-stock companies, and in the conditions of a crisis state - an anti-crisis strateg

Psychological and pedagogical problems of personal self-understanding in Kyrgyz society

This article presents the results of the study, which from a new perspective are important for revealing the problem of self-understanding of the individual. Through empirical and experimental data, it is confirmed that living in the ethno-cultural conditions of a young sovereign state, on the one hand, has a similar effect on the development of self-understanding of personal and social identity both among representatives of the titular ethnic group of Kyrgyzstan and other large ethnic groups living in modern Kyrgyzstan, and so, I am an Ideal and positive attitude In relation to other people's groups, they play a central role in the formation of Self-Identity. On the other hand, it is important to take into account the issues of xenophobia, xenophilia, and control of beliefs when developing self-understanding of personal and social identity of representatives of other people’s living in Kyrgyzstan. Without finding a balance between the Ideal Self and the Real Self, xenophobia and xenophilia, the process of becoming a balanced Self-Identity can be extremely difficult for representatives of other people’s living in Kyrgyzstan, which will inevitably lead to ethnic conflicts, clashes on national grounds.

ELASTIC-PLASTIC DEFORMATION OF STEEL-CONCRETE BEAMS WITH LOCAL CRUMPLING DURING THREE-POINT BENDING

The study presents the results of experimental modeling of elastoplastic deformation of bent massive concrete filled steel tube beams under three-point bending. It has been shown that local deformations and local crushing in such structures have a significant impact on their behavior. The applicability of the theory of bending of a hollow steel beam according to the Bernoulli model is analyzed. A comparison has been made of the bearing capacity and stress-strain state of hollow steel tubes (according to the Bernoulli model and the results of experiments) and concrete filled steel tube beams, and the contribution of the concrete core to the bending resistance during elastoplastic deformation has been quantitatively assessed. The actual load-bearing capacity of a hollow pipe during three-point bending does not exceed 50% of the calculated theoretically determined one, which indicates the impossibility of using the classical bending model when designing systems of this kind. In this case, the concrete filled steel tube beam not only ensures the full functioning of the metal during the deformation process, preventing its disruption, but also provides some increase in load-bearing capacity due to the inclusion of a compressed zone in the concrete work. The increase in the load-bearing capacity of a beam due to the introduction of a concrete core can reach 70%. Despite their significant weight, bendable tube-concrete rods can be recommended in conditions of a complex stress-strain state, in which, in addition to transverse bending loads, significant longitudinal forces arise, as well as local force factors that contribute to the occurrence of local crushing deformations, since, unlike a thin-walled hollow tube, concrete the core significantly prevents these effects. Based on the results of the study, the potential effectiveness of flexible tube-concrete elements for a number of structures was proven.

Optical strain measurements during pulsed laser beam welding to improve the understanding of hot crack formation of EN AW-6082 aluminum alloy

E-mobility turned in the last years to be an emerging market and one solution to fossil fuel free mobility for the future. E-mobility requires, compared to fossil-fueled mobility concepts, a huge amount of welding tasks, which have to guarantee different functionality, as for example high strength, ductility, but also low resistivity and tightness. Last is especially for housing or cases of aluminum in automotive challenging, as pores and cracks can occur. Pulsed laser welding presents, due to the adaptable heat input and the temporal modification of stress state and solidification conditions advantages for this type of applications. EN AW-6xxx group of aluminum alloys is mainly used for such components due to their favorable mechanical properties. However, these alloys are susceptible to hot cracking during solidification from the molten phase. This article aims to present a methodology for demonstrating the resulting strain during pulsed laser beam welding of hot crack susceptible aluminum alloys. It will highlight the influence of factors such as pulse shape, shielding gas, and flow rate on strain and strain rate.

СИСТЕМА ОБЛІКУ І АНАЛІЗУ ІНЦИДЕНТІВ ЯК ЗАСІБ ЗНИЖЕННЯ ВИРОБНИЧОГО ТРАВМАТИЗМУ

Purpose. The search for methods for the formation of comprehensive statistics of industrial injuries at the enterprises of Ukraine and the creation of a system of measures to reduce the level of injuries and incidents based on it. Methodology. To achieve the goal of the study, methods of information collection and generalization, critical analysis, analytical methods (analysis of injury statistics in a number of countries), system analysis methods (for formulating theoretical and applied generalizations) have been used. Results. The relevance of determining the root causes of incidents and injuries without loss of work capacity using the "injury pyramid" has been considered. On the basis of data from the International Labor Organization on the level of industrial injuries, it has been assumed that there is a significant percentage of hidden injuries in Ukraine and that employers are not interested in keeping records of microinjuries and incidents. The application of the "incident accounting and analysis system" has been proposed as a method that allows employers and labor protection services of enterprises to form comprehensive statistics about the state and working conditions at the enterprise. Based on the collected data, employers will be able to identify the causes of injuries and directly influence the causes of their occurrence. Scientific novelty. The novelty of the research consists in the first substantiated possibility of using record cards and incident analysis as a means to reduce the level of industrial injuries. Practical significance. Preservation of the life and health of employees in the process of work is a priority of work safety specialists. Decision-making regarding the implementation of labor protection measures should be based on reliable data. The use of the proposed incident accounting and analysis system allows identifying the root causes of production incidents and may become the basis for making informed decisions for their elimination. Keywords: occupational injuries, injury pyramid, accounting and analysis of incidents, occupational safety, level of injuries.

Optimization of systems of industrial ventilation – case study

Industrial ventilation involves a deep knowledge of fluid dynamics, in the modern computerized version, three-dimensional heat propagation, complex fluid flow, equilibrium state and transient conditions, operating problems, contamination inside or outside the installations, etc. Industrial buildings generally comprise large spaces with varied sources of damage. The type of sources and their location depend on the technological process in each section. In order to dilute the harms, to ensure the environmental conditions necessary for the protection of the work and the realization of the microclimate required by the production process, through the industrial ventilation installations large air flows are carried. The design of the ventilation systems in the industrial sections requires a thorough knowledge of the technological process, of the machines and their location, the nature and quantity of the damages, the environmental conditions required from the technological point of view and of the labor protection.. In order to optimize the industrial ventilation systems, an industrial ventilation installation for exhausting and neutralizing VOC emissions was chosen. The optimization of the ventilation installation was possible with the help of the pressure loss balancing methodology.

Medial Meniscus Posterior Root Tears Lead to Changes in Joint Contact Mechanics at Low Flexion Angles During Simulated Gait

Background: Previous biomechanical studies evaluating medial meniscus posterior root tears (MMPRTs) are limited to low loads applied at specified loading angles, which cannot capture the effects of MMPRTs during the multidirectional forces and moments placed across the knee during physiological activities. Purpose: To quantify the effects of MMPRTs on knee joint contact mechanics during simulated gait. Study Design: Controlled laboratory study. Methods: Six human cadaveric knees were mounted on a robotic simulator programmed to apply dynamic forces, moments, and flexion angles to mimic level walking. Twelve cycles of multidirectional and dynamic standard gait input waveforms, normalized to specimen-specific body weight, were applied to the following conditions: (1) native, intact meniscus and (2) MMPRT. Peak contact stress, contact area, and the position of the weighted center of contact across the medial tibial plateau throughout the stance phase of gait were quantified using an electronic sensor placed across the medial tibial plateau. The difference between the intact state and MMPRT condition was calculated for each metric, and then the means and 95% CIs were computed. Results: Despite heterogeneity in knee contact forces, MMPRTs significantly increased peak contact stress by a mean of 2 MPa across 20% to 37% of the simulated gait cycle and significantly decreased the contact area by a mean of 200 mm2 across 16% to 60% of the simulated gait cycle in comparison with the native state. There was no significant difference in the position of the weighted center of contact, in either the anterior-posterior or medial-lateral directions, after MMPRT. Conclusion: MMPRTs led to both a significant increase in peak contact stress and decreased contact areas for a portion of the simulated gait cycle ranging from 20% to 37% of gait, during which time the femur was flexed <15°. Clinical Relevance: Contact mechanics are significantly affected after MMPRTs during early to midstance and at knee flexion angles lower than demonstrated previously. These data provide further biomechanical justification for treating MMPRTs.

Design and Implementation of Transformer-less Common-Ground Inverter With Reduced Components

Nowadays, common-ground-type (CGT) based transformer-less inverters (TIs) are gaining more popularity in photovoltaic (PV) applications owing to their low cost, weight of the systems, losses and zero ground leakage current. For PV applications, a separate boost converter is often used to boost the low PV array voltage, resulting in increased component count, cost and lower efficiency. To resolve this issue, switched-capacitor (SC) based CGT inverter with reduced component count is proposed in this paper. The proposed amalgamation of CGT and SC technique, results in inherent boosting and zero ground leakage current. In the proposed inverter, SCs are connected in series/parallel with the dc voltage source for several instances in a fundamental cycle preserving the self-voltage balancing ability. Therefore, the proposed topology is devoid of voltage sensors to balance the voltage across SCs. Further, A simplified logic gatebased pulse-width-modulation strategy is developed. In addition, the benefits of proposed inverter are highlighted and compared with the other recent SC inverter topologies with regard to boosted voltage, elimination of leakage current and reduced component count. A laboratory prototype is developed by using DS1202/1302 dSPACE controller and experimental results are presented for both steady state and dynamic conditions and verifying the feasibility of the proposed TI.

Institutional responses to the challenges of the Russian agro-industrial complex

The work is devoted to the complex issues of the influence of the theoretical prerequisites of institutional and neo-institutional economic theory on the sustainable development of the agricultural sector. The purpose of the work is to substantiate the scientific theoretical foundations of institutional and neo–institutional economic theories as the basis for regulating the agricultural sector. The methodological basis of the study is an integrated approach, which examines the challenges facing the Russian agro-industrial complex and possible institutional solutions to emerging barriers. The conceptual foundations of the institutional movement at the first stage of its development and their relation to state regulation are shown. The main provisions of the theory of dirigisme and new industrial society are shown. The scientific foundations of the neo-institutional school of economic theory are formulated. It is shown that the main institutions require maximum attention from the state to ensure their functioning, sustainable long-term development of the economic system, and the social well-being of the country’s citizens. The main functions of the state, its boundaries and effectiveness conditions in the new institutional theory are defined. The main institutional mechanisms for improving institutions in the Russian agricultural sector to ensure long-term sustainable economic growth are identified: market institutions; national institutes of economic development; state institutions of economic growth in the agricultural sector; institutes for reducing volatility. The presented model allows, unlike traditional approaches, to be based on the historical development of the institutional environment, which allows to assess the justification for changing institutions in agriculture; allows to assess the compatibility of ongoing institutional changes with the established institutional environment.