Conditions Of Military Conflict Research Articles

ROLE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS IN ENSURING LIQUIDITY AND STABILITY OF THE CURRENCY MARKET OF UKRAINE IN THE CONDITIONS OF MILITARY CONFLICT

In the conditions of military actions, liquidity of the currency market is of critical importance for the financial stability and security of the state, which stipulates significant relevance of the issue of instruments of liquidity provision. The research aims to identify the influence of the instruments of the National Bank of Ukraine (NBU) on the liquidity of the currency market of Ukraine within the context of long-term military conflict.The methods of regression analysis, correlation analysis, and analysis of variance were used in the study to determine the leading factors that influence the liquidity of the currency market in Ukraine in the conditions of military conflict.The study of the liquidity of the currency market through the prism of linear regression reveals the relation between the core economic indicators and the level of liquidity of the currency market during the military conflict. The model with a coefficient of determination 0,774 was found to effectively describe 77,4% of liquidity variability, underlining the significant influence of such factors as central bank policies and macroeconomic conditions. Significant coefficients for central bank interventions (1,7867), regulatory measures (59,8199), volume of international aid (-1,5684) and inflation (-99,9780) indicate their influence on the liquidity of the currency market in the conditions of military conflict. The influence of regulatory measures with a correlation of 0,59 is especially important.The article emphasises the necessity for minimising dependence on external financing and inflation control through monetary measures to ensure price stability. Further study perspectives involve consideration of the influence of digital currency of central banks on the liquidity of the currency market.

The right to education under the conditions of martial state

The right to education is one of the fundamental human rights approved in the Constitution of Ukraine. However, the war conditions taking place on the territory of Ukraine create significant challenges for ensuring this right. In this article, we analyze the problems that arise in the context of ensuring the provisions of Article 53 of the Constitution of Ukraine in conditions of war and offer ways to solve them. This article highlights the importance of ensuring the right to education under martial law in Ukraine and suggests practical measures to achieve this goal. The study of this topic contributes to the development of effective strategies for managing educational processes in wartime conditions. Ensuring the right to education in the conditions of martial law in Ukraine becomes a particularly acute problem due to active hostilities and occupation of territories. Military operations are accompanied by violations of human rights, including the right to education, which is contrary to international standards. Military aggression forces the evacuation of schools, universities and other educational institutions, which disrupts the educational process and creates difficulties for obtaining an education. The results of military operations have serious psychological consequences for children, youth and teaching staff, which negatively affects their learning and work capacity. The article analyzes the problem of ensuring the right to education under martial law. The challenges faced by Ukraine in providing educational opportunities during the war are investigated. Special attention is paid to strategies for protecting the right to education, including the role of international law, humanitarian aid programs and innovative approaches to education. Based on this analysis, recommendations are provided to improve the situation with the right to education in the conditions of military conflict. The problems of education during the legal regime of martial law are analyzed, the need to continue measures to guarantee the constitutional right to education is emphasized, since education is considered extremely important for the progress of society, the future of the country directly depends on the level of education, talents, culture and consciousness of the young generation.

Interregional Cooperation Between Ukraine and the EU During Martial Law: Challenges and Dynamics Under the SDG'S

Objective: The research aims to study the specifics of the development of interregional cooperation between Ukraine and the EU under conditions of military conflict, including an analysis of programs and initiatives and the study of the relationship between problems and development directions. Theoretical Framework: The development of interregional cooperation with EU member states requires considering the impact of the war on the political, economic, social, and environmental dimensions of cooperation between the regions involved. Method: The research framework on interregional cooperation between Ukraine and the EU used methods of analysing literary sources, generalisation, and systematisation. The development assessment was based on expert evaluations of two groups and included correlation analysis using the JASP program functionality, specifically the "Bayesian Pearson Correlations" tool. Results and Discussion: The study results indicate a high correlation between problems and directions of interregional cooperation development. The correlation analysis showed that political stability influences financial support for the economic stability of regions (r = -0.28 with BF₁₀ = 0.513). In turn, political cooperation in the formation of democratic reforms is significant for reducing the investment attractiveness of regions (r = 0.26 with BF₁₀ = 0.478), and the development of innovations requires additional financial investments for the effective implementation of cooperation programs (r = -0.25 with BF₁₀ = 0.461). Research Implications: The initiatives for financial support of regions are closely related to solving environmental problems (r = -0.39 with BF₁₀ = 0.869), one of the biggest threats to further cooperation development between Ukraine and the EU. Originality/Value: The development of interregional cooperation between Ukraine and the EU under martial law requires an integrated approach to adapting programs and initiatives.

The legal basis of innovative activities in the conditions of military conflict and in the period of continuous economic recovery

The conditions for the formation of the legal basis for the implementation of innovative activities of economic entities in Ukraine in the conditions of a military conflict have been studied. The factors of the legal field of innovative activity of economic entities are defined, which include: internal factors of the legal basis of innovative activity of economic entities, which combine the legal consequences of the choice of the legal form of the organization of economic entities and a set of regulatory and legal acts of an internal nature and external factors the legal basis of the innovative activity of business entities, which are based on a complex of normative and regulatory acts of the national and international level, which determine the possibilities and limitations of making and implementing management decisions in the field of innovative activity. The high dynamics of transformations of the legal field of innovative activity of economic entities became a prerequisite for the development of a mechanism for monitoring the influence of legal factors on the course of innovative activity, the advantage of which is the possibility of adjusting management decisions based on monitoring data and controlling the effectiveness of adaptive management decisions in the field of innovation activity. The shortcomings of the existing system of regulatory and legal regulation of innovation activities in Ukraine are characterized and it is substantiated that in the post-war period, during the period of economic recovery, the tools of state regulation of the innovation sphere and the mechanisms of state support for innovative projects can be implemented for the accelerated reproduction of the production sector and the recovery of the socio-economic sphere of Ukraine. It was determined that the need to ensure a safe legal field for innovative and investment activity in Ukraine determines the need to improve the system of normative and legal regulation of innovative activity, create conditions for fair competition for innovative enterprises, and create guarantees for the protection of the interests of national and foreign investors.

Quality of life of patients with diabetes type 1 and type 2 in the conditions of military conflict

Quality of life of patients with diabetes type 1 and type 2 in the conditions of military conflict

ДЕТЕРМІНАНТИ ПОВЕДІНКИ ПОКУПЦІВ НА СПОЖИВЧОМУ РИНКУ УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ВОЄННОГО СТАНУ

The purpose of the study is to identify typical determinants of consumer behavior under martial law. The article attempts to analyze consumer behavior and its impact on the consumer market of Ukraine. The key factors determining consumer behavior in the consumer market of Ukraine under conditions of military operations have been identified. The dynamics of indices of consumer sentiment in Ukraine were analyzed, in particular: indices of inflation expectations, consumer sentiment, current situation, economic expectations, expectations regarding the dynamics of unemployment, and their interrelationships were also analyzed. The trends revealed by the change in the consumer behavior of the population of Ukraine under the conditions of martial law are substantiated. Recommendations for business and government on effective management of the consumer market and ensuring economic stability in conditions of military conflict have been developed.

Зовнішній державний борг україни на сучасному етапі: дорожня карта управління

The article examines the issue of improving the road map for the management of external public debt in wartime. Managing foreign public debt during wartime requires a comprehensive and strategic road map to address such circumstances’ unique challenges and risks. We offer a road map for managing external public debt in wartime, which considers the international debt relief initiatives analyzed in the post-war reconstruction of Europe. This roadmap provides a comprehensive approach to managing Ukraine’s external debt in wartime conditions and provides a framework for decision-making and adaptation to changes in the economic environment. It is aimed at preserving financial stability and ensuring economic stability in the conditions of military conflict. International debt relief initiatives in the post-war recovery of Europe are singled out, which can serve as an example for reducing the debt burden in Ukraine. The only way to ensure external debt security in the war and post-war period in Ukraine is to increase the economic growth rate and carry out reforms within the framework of the implementation of the Recovery Plan of Ukraine, which would increase the credit rating and reliability of the state. Ukraine’s participation in international cooperation is vital in managing external public debt and supporting economic development goals. For Ukraine, the fundamental way to solve the public debt problem will be to achieve stable and adequate economic growth. This will contribute to an automatic reduction of the debt-to-GDP ratio and an increase in tax revenues to the state budget without the need for excessive burden on businesses and individuals. The country’s debt security risks are identified and characterized. Keywords: debt, external public debt, road map, management, state.

Можливості та ризики впровадження технології блокчейну як системи контролю фінансування та закупівель у Збройних Силах України

Background. In the context of war and increased inflow of international aid, Ukraine faces serious challenges in the field of defense procurement, where despite critical conditions, significant cases of corruption persist. This jeopardizes not only the efficiency of fund utilization but also the country's reputation in the eyes of all our partners on the international stage who provide us with direct financial assistance. The use of blockchain technology can be a key solution to ensure transparency, optimize fund flow, and reduce corruption by ensuring data immutability and information transparency. The aim of this article is to analyze in detail how the implementation of blockchain can optimize financial flows and procurement control in the Armed Forces of Ukraine, and to develop specific and effective recommendations for its efficient use and implementation in conditions of armed conflict. Methods. The study applied methods of analysis and synthesis to assess the impact of blockchain technologies on the transparency of defense procurement in Ukraine. A systematic approach was used to study existing procedures and potential improvements through the implementation of blockchain. Results. The research has found that blockchain can significantly increase transparency and reduce corruption risks in procurement processes within the Armed Forces of Ukraine. Detailed analysis has shown that blockchain integration ensures the immutability of records, open access to transactions, and a consensus mechanism that ensures all network participants agree on the validity of records before they are added to the blockchain. This can greatly impede illegal manipulations. Conclusions. Based on the obtained data, it is recommended to implement blockchain technologies in the sphere of defense procurement. This requires the development of specialized anti-corruption measures and detailed adaptation of existing legislation for full technological integration. This involves creating solutions that take into account the specifics of military processes and ensure the highest level of security, reliability, and transparency. Further research should focus on testing, optimizing, and developing detailed blockchain systems for their effective use and implementation in conditions of military conflict.

ТУРИСТИЧНИЙ БІЗНЕС УКРАЇНИ В УМОВАХ ГЕОПОЛІТИЧНОЇ НЕСТАБІЛЬНОСТІ: СТРАТЕГІЇ РОЗВИТКУ

Geopolitical instability, security issues and economic risks have a critical impact on the development of the tourism industry in Ukraine and require market entities to adapt and find new strategies. The key aspects of adaptation, security, marketing and strategic management of tourism activities in conditions of geopolitical instability and the search for effective tools for the survival and further development of Ukrainian tourism companies in conditions of military conflict are studied in the article. Considering today's challenges, this work aims to help tourism companies develop effective strategies that will allow them not only to survive the period of turbulence but also to build a solid foundation for further development and recovery of the industry after the war. The subject of the study is the management of tourism activities and ensuring the sustainable development of tourism in conditions of uncertainty and geopolitical challenges. The research is based on using scientific and methodological approaches and methods such as the method of analysis and synthesis for considering aspects of tourism in the context of geopolitical instability; statistical method for analyzing the state of the tourism industry; an analytical method for determining cause-and-effect relationships in the development of the industry in conditions of instability; a comparative method for determining effective strategies that based on the positive experience of successful companies. It has been established that initiative, the ability to adapt and learn own business in the context of new realities becomes key to success in conditions of geopolitical instability. It’s determined that to reorganize offers and diversify services, implement digital technologies, creative marketing strategies, show flexibility in relations with partners, care about security and quality communication with consumers, create alternative financial reserves and develop personnel potential is necessary. The proposed strategies and recommendations will contribute to the creation of a solid foundation for the development of the tourism business, able to adapt to new realities and restore customer confidence in the post-war period.

Methodology for researching the impact of the conflict on vulnerable categories of the population of Ukraine using the charity marketing approach

The aim of the article. The purpose of this article is to solve two problems simultaneously. Firstly, highlighting the research methodology of the general impact of the current conflict with the Russian Federation on women and children of Ukraine, as well as evaluating the existing level of support and services provided to these vulnerable groups by specialized governmental and non-governmental organizations. Secondly, substantiating the expediency of using the charity marketing approach, its principles and tools by strategic leaders directly or indirectly responsible for post-conflict strategy and social security planning, in the activities of relevant structures and organizations. Analyses results. The methodological aspects of the research of directions of the strategy of reintegration of internally displaced persons in the conditions of military conflict using the approach of charitable marketing are considered. The study is based on the analysis of the results of interviews of strategic leaders directly or tangentially responsible for the strategy and planning of social security (Odesa City Council, territorial united communities in Odesa, Mykolaiv, and Kherson regions). During the research, the project team reached two important conclusions regarding: a) the need to change the methodology of this kind of research in the direction of "mixing" methods of research on socio-economic changes. This is appropriate because expanding and combining or mixing methods of socio-economic change research improves understanding and definition of complex interactions in modern society and rapidly changing environment; b) the application of the charity marketing approach, its principles and tools by strategic leaders directly or indirectly responsible for the strategy and planning of social security, in the activities of relevant structures and organizations, in the development of post-conflict strategies and solutions to support the economic reintegration and resocialization of affected women and children. Charitable marketing tools include partnerships with charitable organizations, social entrepreneurship, supporting charitable events, information campaigns, transparency and reporting, social media, internal social responsibility, and promoting environmental sustainability. A description of the applicability of charity marketing elements for social research and the development of post-conflict strategies and solutions to support the economic reintegration and resocialization of affected women and children is given. It is substantiated that the charity marketing approach strengthens the methodology of researching the impact of the conflict on vulnerable categories of the population of Ukraine at all stages of research, including when substantiating proposals for the development of post-conflict strategies and solutions to support the economic reintegration and resocialization of affected women and children. Conclusions and directions for further research. It is substantiated that the charity marketing approach strengthens the methodology of researching the impact of the conflict on vulnerable categories of the population of Ukraine, both at the initial stage of field research and at the final stage - when substantiating proposals for the development of post-conflict strategies and solutions to support the economic reintegration and resocialization of affected women and children, creating positive influence and contributing to the social development of society. Partnerships with charitable organizations, social entrepreneurship, support of charitable events, information campaigns, transparency and reporting, social media, internal social responsibility and promotion of environmental sustainability - this is the toolkit of charity marketing, which will allow you to positively influence society, while simultaneously expanding the client base of state and regional partners , city, territorial community and strengthening the brands of all participants of charity programs, projects and promotions. The named tools of charitable marketing and their application in post-conflict strategies represent a perspective for further research.

Система електронного судочинства: до питання комплексності компонентів

This article examines the complexity of the electronic justice system by determining its main components and their importance for the administration of justice. The author states that electronic justice is an advanced method of administering justice, based on the use of modern information technologies. Electronic justice is extremely relevant in the judicial reform paradigm, which is characterized by the use of advanced information technologies for optimization and modernization. The progressive aspect transforms the traditional judicial process, giving it new possibilities of efficiency, transparency and openness. It opens the way to the creation of a highly efficient and modern judicial system that meets the requirements of the modern legal environment and high standards of judicial practice. It is emphasized that electronic justice in the context of war plays an important role in ensuring justice and law and order. Key aspects in wartime include quick and effective access to justice, transparency and openness, preservation and analysis of evidence, security and privacy, and the ability to conduct trials in remote space. Thus, e-justice plays a key role in ensuring law and order and justice in the conditions of military conflict, providing effective and reliable tools to ensure the rights and interests of citizens. It is proven that its components include electronic court systems that automate judicial proceedings and optimize the processes of case consideration; electronic files that structure and provide access to court data and documents; electronic communication, which facilitates interaction between participants in the legal process through electronic channels; and electronic monitoring that analyzes and monitors aspects of judicial activity. Electronic justice and its components contribute to improving the efficiency and transparency of the judicial system, providing better access to information and facilitating the execution of court decisions. They are necessary tools for a modern legal system aimed at ensuring fairness, efficiency and openness.

Strategic control over the effectiveness of state support measures for the defense industry under sanctions restrictions

Under the conditions of military conflict and severe sanctions pressure, the defense industrial complex (DIC) ensures Russia’s national security by producing modern weapons, military and special equipment and equipping the Armed Forces and military formations located in the zone of special military operation (SMO). One of the tasks facing the organizations of the industry is to achieve technological independence, its innovative development, preservation of leadership in the development and production of new and advanced models, complexes and systems of weapons, military and special equipment. It seems that this task can be solved with the active participation of the state. The purpose of the study is to develop a methodological toolkit for strategic control of the effectiveness of measures of state support of the defense industry organizations based on the analysis of the State Program “Development of the defense industry complex”. In the process of work such general scientific methods of cognition as observation, analysis, generalization; system analysis and synthesis were used. This article substantiates the necessity of reorientation of control from subsequent to strategic. The author’s approach to the definition of “strategic control” is proposed. The directions for the development of strategic control over the effectiveness of measures of state support of defense industry organizations in the conditions of sanctions restrictions are defined. The author’s system of indicators, supplementing those already built into the analyzed state program, which can be used in the strategic control of state support measures under sanctions, is recommended. The results of the study are intended for a wide range of readers, including representatives of authorized executive authorities in the development of normative, methodological, and information-analytical support of strategic control of the effectiveness of measures of state support of the defense industry in order to achieve the goals defined by the relevant documents.

FEATURES OF PERSONAL ADAPTATION RESOURCES IN CONDITIONS OF THE RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN WAR

The article is devoted to the analysis and systematization of the concepts "personality adaptation", "personality adaptation resources", "viability", "adaptation potential" that exist in psychological literature. An analysis of options for personal adaptation in war conditions is given, as well as various classifications of personal resources, their criteria and properties. The individual's own approach to understanding the phenomena of personal adaptation in the conditions of military conflict and personal adaptive resources is indicated. Factors of adaptability and possibilities of maximum formation of personal resources in the conditions of martial law are considered. One of the most important issues not only for Ukraine, but also for the whole world based on the Ukrainian experience, is the research and development of adaptive resources of the individual in the conditions of martial law and in general in the conditions of the protection of Ukraine during the Russian-Ukrainian war and after it. Both domestic and foreign publications devoted to the topic of the analysis of the adaptive resources of the individual during the Russian-Ukrainian war are extremely few at the moment due to the lack of analogues of a similar situation in modern European life. That is why this issue is so unique both for the European space and for the entire international community. Both since 2014, and even more massively - since February 24, 2022, there is an incredible, very large, psychological and emotional burden not only on the entire Ukrainian society, but also on each individual person due to military actions on the territory of Ukraine. The main problem for every person in such conditions is the need to constantly strengthen personal resources in order to be able to adapt not only to rapidly changing socio-economic conditions, but also to compensate for the feeling of a threat to one's life and loved ones every moment. After all, if a person had to save himself and his family, then he needed to evacuate from the place of hostilities, leaving all his property, household, or move to the safest places in his native Ukraine (although there was still a periodic air raid and the threat of Russian missile strike) or emigrate to other countries that support Ukraine, or for some time be forced to live under conditions of temporary occupation by Russian troops.

Online education of medical students of the 6th course in the conditions of military conflict

The beginning of military aggression by the rf led to the emergence of obstacles to the usual conduct of classes, limiting the access of medical students of the 6th year to the modern equipment of clinical bases and the educational and training center of simulation medicine organized by the Dnipropetrovsk State Medical University. This led to the search for new methods for acquiring the necessary practical skills in online learning. The purpose of the work is to highlight the method of conducting classes using online training at the Clinical Department of internal medicine 3 of the Dnipro State Medical University during the war and the problems that were identified during the classes. Results and conclusions: with the beginning of military aggression, the training of medical students at the Department of Internal Medicine 3 is conducted in an online format. It consists of asynchronous, synchronous and organizational components, which include discussion of the topic of the lesson, solving a clinical case and tests STEP 2 in Moodle and a virtual combined clinical case during the synchronous component of distance learning. However, despite the high educational, methodological, technological and pedagogical level of online education, the state of war and hostilities created additional obstacles - security during the alarm, the psychological and emotional state of students and teachers, unstable Internet connection, power outages, staying in different regions of Ukraine and abroad.

РИНОК ПРАЦІ ДЕРЕВООБРОБНОЇ ПРОМИСЛОВОСТІ В УКРАЇНІ: ВИКЛИКИ ВОЄННОГО ЧАСУ ТА ШЛЯХИ ПОДОЛАННЯ

This article conducts a comprehensive analysis of the labor market issues in the Ukrainian woodworking industry under the conditions of military conflict. The research is based on the systematization of available statistical data, observations of changes in economic and social processes in the industry, noting trends in employment and wages over the past six years. The identified labor market problems and challenges are thoroughly analyzed to develop strategic recommendations for overcoming the crisis consequences, restoring, and further developing the industry. The main task of the research is to systematize and analyze the dynamics of employment and wages in the woodworking industry from 2017 to 2022, as well as to identify the main challenges that have arisen for the industry due to the war. Special attention is paid to the personnel crisis, loss of logistics, problems with access to raw materials, and loss of customer base. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive review of the current state of the labor market in the Ukrainian woodworking industry and an analysis of various aspects of the labor market, namely employment, wages, and working conditions, to identify the main trends, challenges, and opportunities affecting the development of the Ukrainian woodworking industry. As a result of the research, it was found that after positive trends in employment growth in 2017–2019, there was a decrease in 2020, caused by the global pandemic. However, in 2021 the industry showed signs of recovery, which continued into 2022. Despite this, the war caused massive job losses, a personnel crisis, and a decrease in production activity. The main results of the research show that the average wage in the industry demonstrated steady growth from 2017 to 2022, indicating the efforts of employers to increase the competitiveness of the labor market. However, the war has made adjustments, and today the labor market experiences a shortage of skilled workers, requiring immediate action. The conclusions of the research emphasize the necessity of comprehensive state support for the woodworking industry, which should include financial assistance, reduction of tax burden, stimulation of investments, development of new markets, modernization of technology, and innovation. Attention is also focused on the importance of developing special programs to support employment and retraining of workers, as well as on the need to ensure the safety of workers and protect enterprises from hostile actions.

Структурні моделі циркулярних біоенергетичних кластерів

The article examines the impact of the military conflict and the pandemic on the business environment of Ukraine, especially on the energy and manufacturing sectors. In the context of these changes, the need to develop cluster models and introduce circular bioenergy clusters turned out to be important. For the first time, Ukraine is implementing circular bioenergy clusters that provide cities with energy, solve waste problems and contribute to sustainable development. The study focuses on the bioenergy circulation of the Zaporizhzhya "Engineering-Automation-Machine Building" cluster, which even in the conditions of military conflict is successfully growing and developing, ensuring its energy independence through the production of biomethane. The research is aimed at determining the factors that will contribute to the sustainable transformation of business models of the Ukrainian circular economy in the context of modernization and post-war recovery. The article also emphasizes the development of a cluster ecosystem of startups aimed at using digital technologies and bioenergy resources. The importance of uniting clusters and cooperation with other regions to achieve common goals is noted. The authors consider various models of the organizational structure of circular bioenergy clusters in the context of their formation and development. The protocluster model, the monocentric model, the megacluster model, and the polycentric model are analyzed in detail regarding their features, advantages, and disadvantages. In general, the study reveals important aspects of the development of circular bioenergy clusters in the conditions of the double transition I5.0, taking into account the impact of military conflict.

Formation of Emotional Security of Students during the Period of Training in Conditions of Military Conflict

Ukrainian teachers and students are now in an extreme situation of military conflict when the territory of the country is under constant air fire, and the line of hostilities stretches for 1500 kilometres. The purpose of the article is to analyze the extreme learning conditions of Ukrainian students and develop a strategy for optimal emotional relaxation by selecting fiction for reading and deepening artistic perception. Respondents’ data (120 students and 53 pupils) were collected, systematized, evaluated, and analyzed using systematic written surveys (Project Tuning methodology) and statistical analysis methods. Testing corresponded to three stages of conflict development: conflict deployment, escalation, and post-conflict phase. Pedagogical activity mirrors this parable but in the opposite direction. Fiction thematically and genre-wise at each stage plays the role of a protective shield, which draws the line between students’ own emotions and the feelings of literary heroes. Perception of artistic texts was aimed at 1) identifying visual, auditory, and tactile associations; 2) olfactory sensations; 3) the ability to build associative chains; 4) imagining literary heroes; 5) emotionally immersing yourself in the world of fiction. Comparison of one’s own emotional perceptions with those that caused anti-utopian works and fantasy literature prove the effectiveness of the chosen pedagogical hypothesis.

Psychological Aid to Victims of War and the Covid Pandemic - 19 in Ukraine

The article reflects theoretical, methodological and methodical bases of psychological aid to victims of unexpected crisis-military situations on the background of coronovirus pandemics spreading. The essence of psychological self-help as a factor of stress-resistance and internal psychological potential of resisting psychological traumas in the conditions of war and viral pandemics with the propositions of effective methodological means of its conducting is revealed. In providing psychological aid, the cognitive-behavioral approach was deemed effective as the basic one, and it was suggested that integrative psychotherapeutic and comprehensive psychological approaches to crisis counseling in conditions of military conflict be applied, depending on the specifics of survivors' experience of acute emotional reactions and the complexity of the course of posttraumatic stress disorders of resistance to the action of a psychotraumatic factor. Neuropsychological correction deserves special attention in providing psychological aid in conditions of military conflict and pandemics, which allows a combination of an integrated body-oriented psychological approach with neuro-psycho-correctional techniques and psychotherapeutic methods for effective restoration of the tone of the nervous system and stabilization of the psycho-emotional state. The main provisions of practical psychology that in conditions of war and pandemic COVID-19 the adaptive potential of psychological health of each person and psychological self-help is love, faith and hope. Psychological recommendations of educational character for the formation of basic skills to ensure psychological health in conditions of war and pandemic COVID-19 have been developed.

Development of the Al-Assad National Library’s Collections under the Circumstances of the Military Conflict in Syria

During the military conflict on going on the territory of the Syrian Arab Republic (Syria), there was destroyed not only the economic, but also the educational and cultural infrastructure of the country. Thousands of libraries located in northern Syria have completely lost their collections. The number of Arab cultural centres (public libraries) decreased by 60% from 2011 to 2018. They were located in the conflict zones and were destroyed during military operations. Huge damage was caused to the market of publishing industry and the book culture of Syria as a whole.During the tough movement process from war to peace, the preservation of monuments, including writing, remains an important issue for the country and its future. The leading library in Syria is the Al-Assad National Library (NL), which receives legal deposit copy of domestic publications; it is engaged in international book exchange; makes procurements; receives books and manuscripts as donation. Preserving the documentary cultural heritage of the country, the library performs the memorial function, which is much more complicated in the conditions of military conflict and economic crisis.The purpose of the research is to study the impact of the war in Syria on the activities of the Al-Assad National Library, the dynamics of the development of its collections, as well as the formation of strategy for the reconstruction of the countryʼs library system. The author used the methods of comparative analysis in the work and conducted the review of the literature on this topic.In 1988, the Al-Assad National Library’s collections contained 131,931 items. In the 2000s, there was an increase in the number of publications received by the library via legal deposit copy system. Since 2011, the beginning of the terrorist war, which was accompanied by the economic blockade by Western countries, the replenishment of the stock has significantly decreased. From 2012 to 2015, the International Book Fair in Damascus was suspended. At the end of 2020, the total stock of the library amounted to 567,117 information resources in Arabic and foreign languages.Russiaʼs support in restoring peaceful life in Syria is highly appreciated by the Syrian people. The relevance of the study is related to the lack of information in Russian about the development of the national library collections during the war in Syria. Russian universities train Syrian specialists in both library and other branches of science. The Russian language has been introduced into educational programs in Syria, which will further lead to its adoption as a foreign language to replace English language in the Republic.At present, it is necessary to restore all areas of life in Syria, including cultural. The Al-Assad National Library plays a key role in the reform of the library system in the country, the formation of cultural policy through the creation of a stable system of book communication and the embedding of national book culture in the world information space. The Syrian society is forced to take into account political, economic, socio-cultural challenges. It is necessary to expand international cooperation, especially with countries that have maintained friendly relations with Syria.

Концептуалізація поняття «реінтеграція» в умовах збройного конфлікту в Україні

Концептуалізація поняття «реінтеграція» в умовах збройного конфлікту в Україні