Conditions Of Market Transformation Research Articles

Organizational and economic mechanism of financing agricultural production in conditions of market transformation

The article is devoted to the problems of financial support for agricultural sector of economy of Kazakhstan. The goal is to study organizational and economic mechanism of financing agricultural industry in conditions of market transformation in order to develop recommendations for optimizing this system to improve access to financial sources for agricultural enterprises, develop financial instruments, and promote the expansion of market relations. Methods – abstract-logical, graphic, comparative analysis, generalization. Results - available financial resources for agro-industrial complex are analyzed: budgetary funds, investments, loans based on the use of various state financial assistance programs. The relevance of the study lies in the possibility of implementing individual proposals when developing rules for financing, lending, changing the criteria for subsidizing AIC, as well as the effective use of investment funds, loans and other financial resources. The need for additional attraction of internal and external investors has been identified. Conclusions - the state has a regulatory impact on the investment process by ensuring rational pricing, increasing flexibility of lending, tax and depreciation policies, stimulating business activity by providing investors with benefits, and highlighting priority areas of investment. It is necessary to monitor current and future factors of external and internal environment at the state, regional levels and enterprises. There is a need in the near and medium term for effective measures to financially support production and processing of competitive products, increase the variety of produced goods and maintain high quality at all stages of their production. Financial decisions are the basis for effective investment projects.

Methodology of evaluation of economic security of enterprise at different levels of the hierarchy economic management

The purpose of the article is to determine the methodological approaches, methods and methodology of assessment that are acceptable for assessing the economic security of entrepreneurship. The research methodology is based on the use of general scientific and specific methods, in particular: analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, modeling, systematization and generalization. The scientific novelty of the obtained results lies in the substantiated interdependence and level of concepts of economic security of business, enterprise and entrepreneurship as a sector of the economy. The article substantiates the view of economic security as a scientific category, considers the mega, macro, meso and micro levels of economic security. Threats to the economic security of entrepreneurship in Ukraine have been identified. The dependence of economic security of entrepreneurship on economic, social, political, historical, technological, psychological, religious and other factors of society development has been clarified. Different approaches to the understanding of «economic security» have been studied, which made it possible to systematize all directions in line with the two main ones: philosophical and organizational approach. Conclusions. In the conditions of market transformation of the economy, the model of strengthening economic security (at all levels of the management hierarchy) should be formed on the basis of building the potential of economic security, justifying the priorities of economic development in resource constraints. Methodological approaches (principles) for assessing the level of economic security of entrepreneurship should characterize its existing level, the likelihood of undesirable changes threatening the viability of entrepreneurship. Key words: economic security, national security, economic security of entrepreneurship, levels of economic security, conceptual models of economic security.

Organizational and economic mechanism of current assets management of industrial enterprises in the conditions of market transformation

Introduction. Analysis of current assets of the enterprise is an important process, which consists in researching and monitoring the property status and key indicators of current assets of the enterprise in the process of its financial and economic activities in order to identify ways to increase its market value and ensure effective development. The purpose of the paper is devoted to the analysis of management and financing of current assets of industrial enterprises of Ukraine, systematization of methods of current assets management, actualization of problems and formulation of proposals for effective financial management of current assets and substantiation of directions of current assets management in industrial market conditions. Results. The concept of “current assets” as an element of resource potential used by the enterprise and aimed at ensuring a systematic, continuous and controlled process of economic activity, consumed once to ensure the economic effect in future periods, is improved. The influence of the current assets management system on ensuring the financial stability of enterprises is outlined. The stages of the current assets management process are singled out, the main strategies of current assets financing are investigated and measures to increase the efficiency of current assets management of enterprises in modern market conditions are proposed. When optimizing the size of current assets should be minimal, but sufficient «to ensure uninterrupted financing of planned costs required for the production and sale of products of the enterprise, the implementation of settlements with contractors in a timely manner. It is emphasized that accelerating the turnover of working capital can significantly reduce the cost of production. Conclusion. The company, forming working capital, should seek to minimize the cost of capital spent on creating their value. Optimization of the composition and volume of working capital, a rational relationship between own, borrowed and borrowed sources of their formation will provide a sufficient level of solvency, liquidity and profitability, strengthening the financial condition, growth of market value of industrial sector enterprises in modern market conditions.

Special Aspects of Modelling the Russian Federation Gas Industry in the Context of Market Transformation

Currently, the most environmentally friendly fossil fuel is gas. Russia occupies one of the first places in the world for gas production and reserves. A significant part of the gas produced is being exported as piped or liquefied. Lately, the gas markets conventional for Russia have undergone some rather major changes. Ukraine has almost left the CIS market and settled for reverse gas supplies from Eastern Europe. Nowadays, independent gas producers have access to the liquefied gas export channels. From this year on a number of the Eurasian Economic Union (EAEU) states got access to this platform besides the Russian buyers. Independent gas producers are now allowed to sell gas on the commodity exchange to the EAEU states, thus also including piped gas into the exports. The European countries aspiration to diversify gas supply sources and the raging growth of renewable power result in the essential periodicity of supplies and demand growth at the gas spot markets. The article reviews the special aspects of the gas industry modelling under the conditions of market transformation.

СТАН ТА НАПРЯМКИ РОЗВИТКУ ПІДПРИЄМСТВ ГАЛУЗІ ПТАХІВНИЦТВА

Стратегічним пріоритетом соціального та економічного розвитку України в умовах ринкових трансформацій є підвищення рівня продовольчої безпеки держави на основі нарощування виробництва продуктів харчування. При розв’язанні даного питання птахівництво стало одним із найбільш економічно привабливих та конкурентоспроможних видів агробізнесу і є в Україні традиційною галуззю сільського господарства, чому сприяють кліматичні умови та розвинуте зернове господарство. Однак в агропромисловому виробництві України досліджувана галузь залишається проблемною. Проведений в дослідженні аналіз сучасного стану розвитку галузі показує, що в цілому по Україні спостерігається позитивний розвиток птахівництва, спостерігається тенденція до збільшення поголів’я птиці, обсягів виробництва м’яса птиці та виробництво яєць. Але, незважаючи на позитивні тенденції, у птахівничих підприємств ще залишається низка проблем, таких як нестабільність державної підтримки, цінової політики, податковий тиск, недостатня кормова база, неналежна якість продукції тощо. Тому, основними напрямами розвитку птахівництва повинні стати: формування нових та відродження колишніх спеціалізованих комплексів з виробництва продукції птахівництва на індустріальній основі, основі більш повного використання генетичного потенціалу кросів і порід птиці, раціональної організації праці та виробництва, впровадження ресурсозберігаючих технологій виробництва продукції, поглиблення переробки птахівничої сировини, розширення асортименту і підвищення якості продукції; освоєння сучасних методів маркетингу, збуту, реклами.

Forming the concept of state regulation of the small business economic system

This article discusses the issues related to the development of a concept of state regulation for the economic system of small business, formation and development of the economic system of small business relations in the specific conditions of market transformation of the Russian economy. The author explains the lack of self-sustainability of effective reproduction at the both former and extended scales of property relations in the process of formation of this system.

ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ СУЩНОСТЬ СОВРЕМЕННОГО ИНВЕСТИЦИОННОГО ПРОЦЕССА НА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ ЗЕРНОПЕРЕРАБАТЫВАЮЩЕЙ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОСТИ

The subject of the research is theoretical and methodological bases of formation of effective investment in priorities feed processing industry in Ukraine. The object of research is the investment process in feed processing Ukrainian industry, the main direction and the way to increase the efficiency of the investment process in the industry. The aim is to develop an integrated approach to the study of the economic substance of investments to improve the methods to determine their effectiveness, the study of factors of investment environment, study methodology for determining business risk, development of proposals of the priority areas of investing in feed processing industry, the formation of effective investment strategies for its development in the conditions of market transformation. Methods . We used the following methods: dialectical, abstract logic, Economics and Statistics and the systemic-functional methods of knowledge of economic processes. The dialectical method has allowed the author to analyze the development of research in the last five years, identified reserves and propose ways for its further development. Abstract-logical method of waste classification of the factors influencing the efficiency of the investment process in the industry, the methodological approaches to the formation of the components of the conceptual apparatus studied category. Economic-statistical method used in the study and synthesis of trends and patterns of the dynamics of the industry at the present stage. Systemic-functional method allowed to generalize the theoretical and methodological foundations of development effectiveness feed processing industry. The study also used methods: a comparative analysis – for comparing actual data reporting and previous years; model approach – to determine the entrepreneurial risk in the enterprises of the industry; expert assessments and cost approaches to identify key trends and ways to improve the country’s industrial development feed processing industry in the transformation of the economy. Results . Based on the analysis of modern approaches to conditions of increased in-vestment and innovation, continuous improvement of its effectiveness concluded that the creation of fair competition. Civilized competitive environment ensures that each share of investment in innovation combined with a positive effect – increases the number of jobs and the amount of product reduces the cost per unit of output. Significant investment resources for the industry can be attracted by privatization, provided that it will be transparent and competitive. To attract investment in such an important sector for Ukraine, it is necessary to understand and improve the motivation of investors, taking into account the European integration process: the main promising markets for products and services; favorable geographic location of investment targets; increase their competitiveness through the organization of production on the territory of a party that receives the in-vestment; low labor costs in its qualifications.

Into the First League: The Competitive Advantage of the Antivirus Industry in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

The antivirus industry is the only innovation-intensive sector in which home-grown companies from Central Europe have been able to gain and retain global leadership. We review the literature on sources of national competitive advantage and evaluate the relative importance of different factors, drawing on evidence gained from semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and existing research about the IT sector's global and regional trends. Highly-skilled, technical human capital played a crucial and positive role. Paradoxically, a lack of available foreign finance also had a positive impact by steering the best people towards a sector with smaller capital needs. Unlike other leading sectors in Central Europe, where state support and foreign capital were important, these factors were absent in this sector. This article contributes to understanding of the emergence of a home-grown, highly competitive, high-technology sector under the conditions of market transformation, liberalization and internationalization in small economies.

Into the First League: The Competitive Advantage of the Antivirus Industry in the Czech Republic and Slovakia

The antivirus industry is the only innovation-intensive sector in which home-grown companies from Central Europe have been able to gain and retain global leadership. We review the literature on sources of national competitive advantage and evaluate the relative importance of different factors, drawing on evidence gained from semi-structured interviews with key stakeholders and existing research about the IT sector’s global and regional trends. Highly-skilled, technical human capital played a crucial and positive role. Paradoxically, a lack of available foreign finance also had a positive impact by steering the best people towards a sector with smaller capital needs. Unlike other leading sectors in Central Europe, where state support and foreign capital were important, these factors were absent in this sector. This article contributes to understanding of the emergence of a home-grown, highly competitive, high-technology sector under the conditions of market transformation, liberalization and internationalization in small economies.

Economy of the Welfare State: Foundations and Creation Under the Conditions of Market Transformation

Categorical essence, structure, and multilevel institutional and functional foundations of the welfare state are discovered in the monograph. Criteria, chronological limits, and content of the stages of arising, creation, development, and descend of the welfare state with accounting of modern tendencies are defined. Critical analysis of the Chilean pension system is presented. Necessity of creation of the welfare state in Ukraine is grounded. Mechanism of creation of the welfare state under the conditions of the market transformation was described, and also methodological background for its realization was proposed. For managers of government institutions, NGOs, enterprises, scientists, professors, post-graduate students, students, all who is interested in issues of social policy and transformation.