Conditions Of Global Instability Research Articles

Сбалансированность интересов участников распределительных отношений в контексте обеспечения региональной бюджетной безопасности

This study aims to clarify the concept of budget resilience and substantiate an approach for selecting indicators of regional budget resilience. A content analysis of scientific sources in the field of budget resilience was conducted, and current approaches to defining the concept of budget resilience were classified. The author’s interpretation of the concept is presented, emphasizing the need to select indicators that assess regional budget resilience by considering the interests of public funding recipients. Within this framework, groups of recipients—regional authorities, economic entities, and the population—are identified, and their interests are determined. A system of indicators is proposed to ensure budget resilience in the region, reflecting the level of interest satisfaction among these groups. A comparative analysis of the balance of recipients’ interests based on the results of budget policy and the budget process in the Russian Arctic regions was carried out, and trends in their economic interactions under conditions of global instability were analyzed. The study found vulnerabilities in the budget resilience system, manifested in the infringement of recipients’ interests. Changes in financial market conditions and resource prices led to a decrease in financial results for companies and a reduction in regional output redistributed through budgets, resulting in welfare loss for the regions and their populations. To address the situation, it is necessary to intensify investment activities and business development in the regions and optimize the fiscal regulation system, which will ultimately contribute to the growth of budget and household incomes. Changes in these indicators should be monitored not only in national currency but also in dollar terms to assess the recipients’ financial well-being on an international scale. Future research will focus on selecting specific indicators and their threshold values for assessing budget resilience in the Russian Arctic regions.

Polyparadigmatic uncertainty of international economic relations in the global security system

Polyparadigmatic uncertainty of international economic relations in the global security system

ІННОВАЦІЙНІ СТРАТЕГІЇ УПРАВЛІННЯ ПІДПРИЄМСТВАМИ ТОРГІВЛІ В КОНТЕКСТІ СУЧАСНИХ ВИКЛИКІВ ЕКОНОМІКИ

The study analyzes innovative approaches to the management of trade enterprises in the context of modern economic conditions, particularly under the influence of the war in Ukraine. It discusses five main strategies that help businesses effectively adapt to market changes and ensure sustainable development. In particular, the digital transformation strategy emphasizes the importance of integrating modern information technologies to improve operational efficiency and competitiveness. The strategy for the development of new goods and services focuses on the creation of innovative solutions that meet current market requirements. Risk management emphasizes the need to identify, assess and manage risks in the context of economic instability, which is exacerbated by military conflicts and changes in the global economy. The strategy of production flexibility is focused on adaptation to market changes and quick response to fluctuations in demand. The strategy of sustainable development considers environmental, social and economic aspects of the activities of enterprises, which contributes to long-term sustainability and increased trust on the part of consumers and partners. The work emphasizes the need for an integrated approach to management, which allows enterprises to effectively respond to modern challenges and ensure sustainable development in conditions of global instability.

ТРАНСФОРМАЦІЯ ЕКОНОМІКИ ТА СУСПІЛЬСТВА: РЕТРОСПЕКТИВА І СУЧАСНІ ПРІОРИТЕТИ ДОСЛІДЖЕНЬ

The article is devoted to the deepening of the theoretical foundations of research on the transformation of the economy and society, which are based on a retrospective analysis of the factors (contexts) of transformational changes and the determination of modern priorities in the conditions of global instability and security challenges of the development of Ukraine. The relevance of transformation research for Ukraine during the difficult period of the Russian-Ukrainian war is due to the need to define targeted changes and ways to ensure them, which will strengthen the stability and possibilities of economic and social recovery. Theoretical methods of analysis and generalization are used to review economic studies on transformation issues with a high citation index. This makes it possible to reveal the chronology of research on transformation issues – from the formation of a market economy to the strengthening of the influence of globalization, digitalization and sustainable development policy. Particular attention is paid to the social dimension of research, which reveals the influence of human labor and its efficiency, population migration on transformational changes. The meaning of transformation is determined as a regular, targeted and regulated process that modifies existing and creates new systems that exert lasting effects on other phenomena and processes in the unity of changes. The key features of transformation are singled out, namely changes and development of systems, process nature, target regulation and self-regulation, institutional support, time measurement, duration, stability and consistency of changes. The difference between transformation and related systemic processes, in particular modernization, revolution, reform and development, is substantiated. Taking into account the types of transformation that are studied in world and domestic science, classification criteria for its analysis are proposed – by object, space, nature, spheres, consequences and scales. The criterion of the sphere makes it possible to distinguish economic, social, scientific-technical, cultural and administrative transformations and to determine the perspective of scientific research on transformation in the social context in the projection of Ukraine’s recovery.

Инновационное предпринимательство в эпоху глобальной нестабильности: стратегия поведения и факторы устойчивого управления проектами

The presented article is devoted to the study of the features of innovative entrepreneurship in the conditions of global instability. The author's position is that despite the failure of the mechanism of "creative destruction", innovative entrepreneurship remains the most important driver of socio-economic development. However, in order to remain an "innovator" in the world of ultra-dynamic changes, an enterprise needs a new behavior strategy that ensures the resistance and stability of its existence. Due to the lack of clear ideas about such a strategy, the author offers her own vision based on adaptability, proactivity (due to the ability of analytics and risk prevention), as well as planning the spatial location of production. In addition, the author wonders how the lack of clear behavioral business models in a chaotic external environment affects the ability to effectively manage business projects, and comes to the conclusion that the simple application of flexible methodologies without synchronicity with the values and behavioral incentives of the entrepreneur leads to a losing position and business amateurism. In this regard, the factors of sustainable project management are identified that can bring the methodology of their implementation in line with the requirements of unstable socio-economic conditions.

Dynamics of the Policy Network in the Aspect of Global Crisis Phenomena (On the Example of NATO)

Introduction. A peculiarity of modern political reality is the interconnectedness of the processes of globalization and fragmentation in the world. In a new emerging paradigm of international relations, policy networks come to the fore. These are the network structures for managing public affairs, uniting a variety of political actors. The relevance of the study is due to the need for an objective evaluation of the development of the policy network in the context of global changes as well as forecasting potential threats in the field of international security. The aim of the work is to examine the dynamics of the policy network in the context of global crisis phenomena, using the example of the North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Methods. The theoretical basis of the research is the network approach and the concept of policy networks, which allow us to study the object from an interdisciplinary point of view and conduct structural studies at all levels of analysis. The complexity of the structure of policy networks requires the use of methods of scientific cognition – analysis and synthesis, media analytics such as the research of content, and expert opinions. Analysis. The policy network is characterized both by the resilience and stability of its structure, which allows it to function effectively in internal and external transformations, and by the complexity of the relations among its actors. Global policy networks are formed on the principles of mutually beneficial resource exchange to achieve common goals and solve individual problems. An example of how NATO has been functioning in the period 2020–2023 showcases trends towards the transformation of the policy network from disintegration to subsequent reintegration to obtain the desired result. In a crisis situation, NATO as a global policy network is experiencing the dynamics of “connected instability”, establishing new forms of actor relationships that require flexibility in political decision-making. Results. In conditions of global instability and uncertainty, policy networks play a supporting (safety-maintaining) role in the processes of supranational regulation, contributing to the creation of an effective architecture of multi-level governance. As a result of the research, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to update the theory of the network approach to further develop mechanisms for describing the actors’ cooperation within the policy network.

The modern tendencies of foreign direct investment flows in conditions of global instability

Investments are one of the main factors that stimulate the growth of production volumes, the development of innovative technologies, that improve the quality and competitiveness of manufactured products, create new jobs and reducing unemployment. FDI are the driving force behind the modernization of the economy of the home country, and the international movement of capital is one of the main driving forces of economic globalization. The study of the current state and prospects in the field of FDI indicates multidirectional aspects of international investment processes. FDI overall stocks are huge, and the growth of their volumes outstrips the growth rates of world GDP and international trade, which is a prerequisite for an in-depth study of FDI and is a particularly urgent task in conditions of global instability.

International cooperation as a factor of scientific and technological development in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation

The article examines the technological development of the oil and gas industry in the context of an unprecedented sanctions regime by unfriendly countries. The importance of the oil and gas complex for technological re-equipment, in order to reduce dependence on foreign technologies, was noted. It is shown that in the conditions of sanctions restrictions and the worldwide drop in prices for hydrocarbons in the short term did not have serious consequences for the oil and gas complex. In order to reduce dependence on technological equipment of unfriendly countries, the form of international cooperation in the form of technological partnership is considered, which can be extremely useful, and not only the experience of partnerships for the development of new technologies, but also the experience of cooperation for the transfer and adaptation of existing technologies. Despite the obvious importance of the oil and gas complex in providing the federal budget with foreign exchange earnings, the current situation is marked by several important negative factors that have a certain impact on its development. It is shown that in conditions of global instability, large investments are needed in the development of modern Russian technological equipment at the level of the global average (2-8% of GDP) of highly developed countries. The main solutions of technological development in the oil and gas industry of the Russian Federation are proposed.

Ценностно-мировоззренческие основы восприятия молодежью современного российского государства в условиях глобальной нестабильности

The article is devoted to the study of the worldview of modern youth as a key element of perception, setting the framework for perceiving reality, through the prism of which there is a perception and understanding of what is happening and acting as the ideological and semantic core of the image of the state. The authors consider the worldview in the system (triad) of the concepts of «worldview - image – perception», which make up the conceptual scheme of the article and are combined by a single perceptual mechanism. The authors focus on the dynamic nature of the phenomenon under study, the factors of its formation and modification in conditions of global instability, proxy wars, modern challenges and threats. The purpose of this article was to study the system of ideas, meanings and values, evaluative judgments of youth regarding the modern Russian state, the mechanism and factors of their formation in a spatial-temporal dimension. The conclusions of the article are based on the materials of three research sections (2019, 2021 and 2022), revealing the structural and meaningful features of the worldview of youth, the dynamics and trends of its development at the current stage. Through a cross-sectional analysis of survey data and an associative test, a generalized image of the modern Russian state, its value-worldview core, characteristics of social representations, as well as the general estimated background of perception were revealed. The political worldview of modern youth is characterized by a general positive orientation, pragmatism, sobriety and adequacy of assessments of the situation, risks and challenges, a vision of urgent problems, a rational and critical perception of the modern state and at the same time a mismatch of its elements, leading to a violation of the integrity of the worldview.

Development of directions for improving the monitoring of the state economic security under conditions of global instability

The long-term pressure of the COVID-19 pandemic and hostilities in Ukraine have caused catastrophic consequences in all sectors of life, which negatively affect the overall level of economic security of the state. In these circumstances, the task to adjust the mechanisms for assessing the state of economic security, taking into account existing non-standard challenges, is urgent. The object of this study is the processes of transformation of mechanisms for monitoring the state of economic security of the state under conditions of global instability. The conceptual foundations for monitoring the state of economic security of the state have been deepened and, taking into account the results of the expert assessment, the directions of its modification have been proposed for practical application. The need to revise the weighting values of indicators of the state of economic security, taking into account the principle of "critical" link, has been determined. The need to update the list of indicators of the state of economic security, taking into account structural changes in the state economy, was emphasized. It is recommended to use the multiplicative form of the integral indicator of the state of economic security instead of the additive one, as well as the method of the reference coefficient instead of the normalization method relative to the scope of variation. The state of economic security in the context of its structural parts is comprehensively assessed. The existing trends of deterioration of the state of demographic, investment-innovative, macroeconomic subsystems, which should be considered as sources of "weak link", have been registered. The decrease in the level of economic security from 52 % in 2007 to 47 % in 2021 has been proved. The practical use of the scientific results reported here could contribute to improving the effectiveness of management decisions aimed at strengthening the system of economic security of the state under modern conditions of global instability.

International student migration: current trends and challenges for developing countries

Introduction. Globalization processes, which have developed rapidly in recent decades, are observed in all spheres of social life without exception. The opening of borders, digitalization, the development of a knowledge-based economy, and deepening economic polarization of the countries of the world have intensified such a form of international relations as educational migration. Students increasingly choose foreign educational institutions to acquire new competencies or obtain a higher education diploma. Global political and economic turbulence significantly affects student migration, creates a new system of factors and increases the challenges for educational migrants from poor countries.Purpose of the article. The purpose of the study is to determine the current trend of international migration of students from developing countries.Research methods. To achieve the goal of the article, a number of general scientific approaches and methods were used: analysis and synthesis, deduction and induction, comparison, structural-logical method, as well as special and empirical methods - scientific abstraction, elements of SWOT and comparative analysis.Results. Educational migration and international academic mobility of students are essentially close, mostly identical concepts. However, the migration of students can occur under the influence of a slightly different system of factors (exogenous and endogenous, global and national), because it involves not only studying in foreign higher education institutions, but also going abroad, finding a place of work and permanent residence. The article emphasizes that among the motivating factors, it is the improvement of the future material situation thanks to receiving a quality education at a prestigious university that occupies a prominent place, because it makes it possible to get a well-paid job in a developed country. This is especially true for students from poor countries who do not have such prospects at home. Restraining factors are language and psychological difficulties, lack of funds for study and accommodation, logistical and bureaucratic problems, etc. The challenges of the 20s of the 21st century were also the coronavirus pandemic and unprovoked Russian-Ukrainian aggression. These global factors caused significant changes in the migration policy of developed countries, which are the main recipients of educational migrants, and worsened the economic conditions for migration. Many university curricula provide online teaching for international students, and the geography of educational migration increasingly focuses on a group of the safest and most stable destinations.Prospects. Further research should be focused on finding ways to improve the effectiveness of international academic mobility programs in today’s conditions of global instability and technological development.

The main patterns of economic development in conditions of global instability

With global instability and constant changes on the world stage, forming national economic activity becomes a critical task for every country. Favorable economic environment and fair opportunities for all citizens are the basis of stable development and inclusive growth. Embarking on this path, the country faces numerous challenges, such as the changing geopolitical situation, economic turbulence, social inequalities, and other factors that affect its economy. The purpose of the article is to research the main patterns of economic development in conditions of global instability. Modeling patterns of changes in GDP indicators using trend equations is based on statistical methods for analysis and forecasting of economic processes. The results of the calculations showed that in forecast estimates of nominal GDP, for forecast estimates of real GDP in conditions of global instability and war in Ukraine, the value of forecast estimate I can be considered unrealistic, forecast estimate II corresponds to the period of post-war recovery, and forecast estimate III characterizes the possible estimated value of real GDP of Ukraine after the completion of reconstruction processes and corresponds to the beginning of the next cycle of economic growth. In other words, it is possible to claim that as soon as the real GDP of Ukraine reaches the level of the forecast estimate III (5298029 million UAH), it is possible to consider that we have returned to the previously formed patterns of changes in GDP and economic growth. It is proven that price indices become even more important in the conditions of global challenges, such as economic instability and world crises. This is because they can help forecast market trends and make important decisions regarding the economy's development and the state's fiscal policy. In particular, the consumer price index can influence the state's monetary policy, and the producer price index can indicate the state of production and exports in the country. Important indicators reflecting the level of inflation in the country and the state of the economy are indices of consumer prices and manufacturers of industrial products. They play an essential role in the system of inclusive development because inflation can affect the population's standard of living and income distribution. Moreover, the index of consumer prices and prices of producers of industrial products can indicate the general economic situation in the country and the world, as well as the level of inflation. Keywords: development of the national economy, regularities, global instability.

Систематика в праве в условиях глобальной нестабильности

Систематика в праве в условиях глобальной нестабильности

МЕЖДУНАРОДНАЯ ТОРГОВЛЯ СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННОЙ ПРОДУКЦИЕЙ КИТАЯ НА ФОНЕ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ НЕСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ

The problems and prospects of development of international trade in agricultural products of China at the present stage in the conditions of global instability are revealed. Today, countries have to face sudden crises. Military conflicts, sanctions wars caused by anthropogenic factors, or natural disasters or epidemics caused by natural factors are possible. The article reflects the current conditions for the development of China's international food trade, formed as a result of the aggravation of the geopolitical situation in the world, the incompleteness of the processes associated with the COVID 19 epidemic, the existence of threats to break the country's established integration ties with Western partners. The dynamics of the international trade turnover of agricultural products of China for 2021-2022 has been revealed. The geographical structure and size of both exports and imports of agricultural products from China by continent are analyzed. A SWOT analysis of China's foreign economic relations was carried out, external threats and opportunities for the development of international trade in Chinese agricultural products were identified, as well as an assessment of global threats, the main of which is macroeconomic instability. Shortcomings in the development of international trade in Chinese agricultural products are highlighted, including a relatively low level of self-sufficiency in some important agricultural products of the Chinese population (soybeans, sugar and dairy products); the high cost of agricultural production in China and the relatively low quality of agricultural products, the narrowness of the range of export products. The ways of further development of international trade in agricultural products of China are revealed. The solution to this problem is possible on the basis of digitalization of international food trade, improvement of China's transport and logistics infrastructure, which provides more opportunities for expanding agricultural trade and cooperation between China and countries along the Silk Road. At the present stage, in the context of the escalation of tough economic sanctions by Western countries against the Russian economy, the development of the Sino-Russian bilateral food trade is of particular relevance.

СУТНІСТЬ ТА ОСОБЛИВОСТІ ФУНКЦІОНУВАННЯ ОРГАНІЗОВАНИХ ТОВАРНИХ РИНКІВ

The article highlights the organizational and economic principles of the functioning of organized commodity markets. The prerequisites for the emergence of organized trade in commodity assets in the world are considered. It was established that organized trade in commodity assets in conditions of new uncertainties and risks, especially related to the consequences of the war in Ukraine, provides the possibility of the effective price forecasting situation and stabilization of the main commodity markets. At the same time, russia's military aggression in Ukraine caused global instability in many commodity markets, in particular in the markets of energy and agricultural products. As a result, the negative consequences of price volatility on the main types of commodity assets are observed, which determines the urgency of researching the problems of the functioning of organized commodity markets in the new conditions of global instability. The identity between the concepts of "organized trade" and "exchange trade" in the markets of commodity assets was established, which characterizes trade according to established rules, guaranteed by trade organizers. The theoretical essence of the concept of "organized commodity markets" is highlighted in accordance with the domestic legislative and legal framework, and the types of organized commodity markets in Ukraine are also given. It was determined that the main characteristic features of organized commodity markets are: the important role of buyers, the formation of competitive principles of functioning and ensuring stabilization in the conditions of strengthening integration processes at the global level. The current state is characterized and perspective directions for the development of organized commodity markets in Ukraine are determined. It has been established that in the last two years the domestic organized commodity market is trading in spot contracts. It was determined that the development of domestic organized commodity markets in the post-war period should be based on the formation of trade in commodity derivative contracts.

МЕХАНИЗМЫ АДАПТАЦИИ СОЦИАЛЬНО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИХ СИСТЕМ В УСЛОВИЯХ ГЛОБАЛЬНОЙ НЕСТАБИЛЬНОСТИ

The development of socio-economic systems in conditions of global instability is determined by the presence of many external and internal system-forming factors. Often, negative fluctuations in the business activity of systems occur under their influence. This is explained by the fact that for each socio-economic system there is an absolutely different set of factors, resources and management decisions and their absolutely different impact on the system itself. In addition, there is a possibility that the economic system will also be affected by extraneous unaccounted factors, which further determines the conscious choice of specific mechanisms for its adaptation to the processes of globalization and the changes constantly taking place around it. These adaptation tools ensure, on the one hand, the structural stability of the system in a progressive way, and on the other hand, they are the system's response to environmental influences. Practice shows that traditional tools for adapting socio-economic systems are becoming ineffective and are extremely rare in their pure form at present. Therefore, "mixed" more advanced adaptation mechanisms arise, and the ability of the constituent elements of the system to purposeful activity increases the weight of adaptation processes. The considered constructive mechanisms of adaptation of socio-economic systems should be guided, first of all, by an innovative approach in the structure of management decisions made by all elements of the system. However, despite the fact that in conditions of volatility, most economic entities have applied mechanisms of adaptation to new conditions and generally demonstrated relative satisfaction with the current situation, they still remain unsure of the stability of their future.

РИНОК СКРАПЛЕНОГО ПРИРОДНОГО ГАЗУ АВСТРАЛІЇ: ІСТОРІЯ, ШЛЯХИ ТА ПРОБЛЕМИ СУЧАСНОГО РОЗВИТКУ

The purpose of the conducted research is to analyze the formation and features of the modern development of the Australian liquefied natural gas market (LNG) in conditions of global instability. It is noted that one of the key factors in the success of LNG exports from Australia is the development of gas collection, transportation, and storage technologies. The country plays an important role in the regional and global energy market due to its ability to provide reliable energy supply. It is noted that despite the significant geographical distance from the main sales markets, Australia occupies a leading position in the export of liquefied natural gas gas not only in Asia – The Pacific region, but also in the world. The territorial differentiation of the export flow of LNG from Australia and their dynamics for the period from 2016 to 2021 is analyzed. It is substantiated that the dynamics of Australia's LNG exports depends on several factors, in particular, the demand for gas on the world market, competition from other countries, the volume of investment in production capacities, level of general technological development and geopolitical factors. Several of Australia's largest LNG projects are explored in detail. The Gorgon LNG project (is one of the largest in the world. The operators are Chevron, ExxonMobil, Shell, and others); the "Wheatstone" project (operator Chevron); the "Pluto" project (operator Woodside Petroleum, one of the largest Australian oil and gas companies); the "Prelude FLNG" project (operator Shell innovative LNG production project, where a floating plant with gas storage and liquefaction is located). Problematic aspects restraining the dynamics of the growth of the liquefied natural gas market in Australia are singled out, the climate factor due to significant volumes of CO2 emissions and non-restoration of natural reserves. Also, problematic issues include price fluctuations in the world market and financial instability, technical problems or infrastructure deficiencies in transportation and storage, significant competition in the world market, etc.

СТРАТЕГИИ И МЕТОДЫ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ БИЗНЕСА И ИХ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЕ В ПРОЦЕССАХ УПРАВЛЕНИЯ КОМПАНИЯМИ

The article reflects strategies and methods that ensure the efficiency and performance of managing existing business processes in small and mediumsized enterprises through the use of digital technologies and digitized data. It analyzes in detail the UK’s experience in developing digital transformation policies for small and medium-sized businesses. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that in the 21st century it is a strong economic system that determines the stability and well-being of modern states. Today it is impossible to imagine a market economy without small and medium-sized businesses. In conditions of global instability, the experience of Great Britain is of particular interest, which, after more than forty years of membership in the European Union, decided to withdraw from the union and since then has been in search of new optimal models of internal and external functioning. Taking into account the qualitatively new stage of development at which the United Kingdom is now, as well as the challenges such as the consequences of Brexit, the COVID-19 pandemic, world trade wars, rising energy prices, etc., the analysis of development management and the role of the digital transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises on the example of Great Britain can be of applied use to research economists and government officials in the process of implementing appropriate measures in other countries. The research methodology includes a set of general scientific methods; historical, logical, comparative, graphic and statistical. An assessment of the impact of the innovative small and medium-sized enterprises on UK economic growth was formulated. That served as a basis for the short-term prognosis building in the development of the latter. Scientific innovation consists in a comprehensive study of strategies and methods that ensure the efficiency and performance of managing existing business processes in small and medium-sized enterprises through the use of digital technologies. In particular, the author analyzes programs aimed at developing innovations and their introduction into the real sector of the economy. She studies the UK’s experience in implementing digital transformation policies and assesses its impact on economic growth. Based on the results obtained, a shortterm forecast of trends in the level of economic sustainability of innovative small and medium-sized enterprises is made. The information base of the study was official documents and reports of the UK government, especially the Department for Business, Energy and Industrial Strategy, the Department for International Trade, the Office for National Statistics, UK legislation and regulations, analytical materials of the international consulting companies “McKinsey and Company”, “Boston Consulting Group” and “Bain and Company”. Reviews of the world trade statistics of the WTO, monographs and scientific articles of Russian and foreign specialists, as well as resources of the global Internet.

THE PROBLEM OF EVALUATING THE EFFECTIVENESS OF POLITICAL COMMUNICATIONS IN SOCIAL MEDIA

The article deals with the problems of analyzing political communications in social media carried out in conditions of global instability and a sharp increase in international and interregional confrontation caused, in addition to political reasons, by competition for dwindling resources. In such conditions, manipulative technologies are spreading extremely dynamically and the value foundations of politics are being lost. The key characteristics of network communication are: anonymity, non-normativity and non-linearity, which greatly complicates the conduct of such an analysis. An even more difficult research task is to evaluate the effectiveness of this kind of communication. Analyzing the complexity of conceptualization and operationalization of the effectiveness of political communication, the author suggests using the term «communicative effectiveness», the methodological prerequisites of which are the theory of agreements presented in the works of modern French neo-institutionalists: L. Boltyansky, L. Theveno, O. Favoro, etc. Having illustrated his analysis with several cases of network political communication in recent years, the author comes to the conclusion that it is necessary to assign the category of «trust» to the central criteria for evaluating the effectiveness of political communication.

Modern society: new challenges and risks

The round table is devoted to the discussion on a wide range of problems related to new challenges and prospects for the development of modern society. These are the challenges of global instability, bio- and cybersecurity, pandemic problems, digitalisation, which all lead the world to large-scale crises: economic, environmental, anthropological, etc. In the conditions of global instability, there is a rise of connections and interactions that fix new social changes, some other integrity, and the crisis of the technogenic civilisation. In this case, modernity is perceived not as a completed project, but as a process of updating social reality, a person’s ideas about society. It includes the main aspects of human relations to the world, and opens up a great civilisational diversity, which only grows with time. The catalysts of change on the way to a new modernity are values that reflect changes in life meanings under the influence of social life. Constantly emerging new risks and challenges motivate the reset of values that are tested in the depths of culture and only after that become ideals for imitation and reproduction. Currently, there is another change of milestones. Modernity imposes its own requirements on the processes taking place in society, and largely determines the course of global evolution as the path of ascent of complex systems to higher levels of organisation and complexity.