Conditional Access System Research Articles

A single conditional access system for satellite-cable and terrestrial TV

A conditional access system called Eurocrypt is described. It is aimed at the DBS (direct broadcasting satellite) and cable services of Europe. Its implementation uses smart cards, and it is designed to be simple and user-friendly. Entitlements are transmitted in the signal, and the system can manage multiple program providers. Evolution of security aspects is ensured. Functionalities include true impulse buys.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

Commercial satellite broadcasting for Europe

A review is presented of the current television broadcasting situation in European countries, which involves a varied mix of terrestrial VHF or UHF systems and cable networks. A small market has emerged in Europe for receivers using the low-power telecommunications satellite transmission between the program providers and cable network companies. This is expected to change with the launch of medium-power pan-European telecommunication satellites (e.g. ASTRA, EUTELSAT II), which are now directly addressing the market of home reception. DBS (direct broadcast satellite) in the UK, using the D-MAC transmission standard, will offer three additional television channels, data broadcasting services, and a planned evolution to compatible forms of wide-screen, high-definition television. Comments are given on receiver and conditional access system standardization. Some views are expressed on satellite broadcasting as part of an overall broadcasting framework for the future.< <ETX xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">&gt;</ETX>

A conditional access system for direct broadcasting by satellite

This paper outlines the main features of a proposed Conditional Access television system, especially for DBS and suitable for large numbers of subscribers. The system includes a computer with a data-base in which all subscriber-related data are stored and processed and which outputs Validation Codes, scrambling-control and key signals for transmission control. A detachable induction-coupled sub-system carrying a unique Address and Distribution Key is provided for each receiver. Payments for a service result in the over-air delivery of new Validation Codes, which, in combination with the Distribution Code, determine the Authorization Key needed for decrypting the signals which control descrambling of the picture and sound signals.