Condemnation Of Meat Research Articles

Melanocytic cutaneous lesions inSus ibericus, are these acause for meat condemnation?

The Alentejano pig (Sus ibericus) isan autochthonous breed ofswine from Portugal phylogenetically close tothe Iberian breed that isknown todevelop melanocytic lesions. Inthis study, 34melanocytic skin lesions were identified and collected from Alentejano pigs slaughtered for human consumption for further routine histologic assessment. The samples were classified into 4age ranges: 1 (1to 6months), 2 (7to 12months) 3(13to24months), and 4 (more than 25months). All the lesions were considered benign after the histopathological assessment, ofwhich 52.9% and 47.1%, were classified asmelanosis and melanocytomas, respectively. Regarding the age ranges, astatistical difference between the groups was observed, indicating that the probability ofmelanosis presentation was higher atthe age range4 and for melanocytomas atthe age range3. While nomalignant lesions were observed inthis study, itwas concluded that benign melanocytic lesions are commonly found inAlentejano pig carcasses. Further research isnecessary toaccurately distinguish between malignant and benign lesions, which iscrucial for official veterinarians tomake decisions regarding meat approval orcondemnation.

Benefits of Using a Transdisciplinary Approach for the Design and Operationalization of a Surveillance System

Abstract During the preparatory phase of a surveillance project in Western Kenya, it was noted that several animal health activities, including meat inspection, were recorded using paper-based forms. Through discussions with the meat inspectors and other slaughterhouse actors, an electronic meat inspection form was developed, tested, and used in two slaughterhouses in Bungoma County. The meat inspectors completed and submitted a form for every animal slaughtered at their facility over a 2.75-year period. In a feedback meeting with the meat inspectors and other stakeholders, areas for improvement were highlighted, such as the timely provision of feedback to the data providers, and the inclusion of data fields that allow for more detailed animal movement information. The meat inspectors remarked that the form made them feel appreciated and added value to their work as the data could be used to educate farmers on prevailing livestock conditions and provide economic incentives for disease control interventions. The data submitted via the electronic forms were of sufficient quality to be summarized and identify trends in the animal slaughterhouse throughput, as well as frequent reasons for meat condemnation and associated costs. These data could therefore set the foundation for a syndromic surveillance system based on slaughterhouse data. Other non-traditional data sources, such as livestock and meat transport certificates, could also be leveraged to create a post-farm animal health information system. Information © The Authors 2023

Molecular characterization and serodiagnostic evaluation of the Echinococcus ortleppi recombinant glutaredoxin 1 protein for cystic echinococcosis in buffalo (Bubalus bubalis)

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), caused by the metacestode of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), adversely affects the physiology of the vital organs in which they grow. Condemnation of meat causes substantial economic loss to the livestock industry. Conventionally the infection is detected by necropsy as serological diagnosis of the infection in livestock is ambiguous. Identification of specific diagnostic antigens would be a substitute for the cyst fluid antigens which lack adequate diagnostic sensitivity and specificity. BLAST analysis supported by the negligible pairwise nucleotide distance of the 389 nt COX1, 489 nt NAD1, and 425 nt ITS1 with the related sequences of E. ortleppi ascertained the association of E. ortleppi with CE in buffaloes. Given the extensive distribution of glutaredoxin 1 in every developmental stage of Echinococcus granulosus s.l that makes it an ideal serodiagnostic antigen for CE, we expressed the 14 kDa E. ortleppi glutaredoxin 1 (rEoGrx1) protein in E. coli BL21 (DE3) and tested a total of 225 sera samples, including 126 sera samples from the necropsy-positive buffalo, by the rEoGrx1 IgG-ELISA. The ELISA could detect a total of 82/126 sera samples as positive. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the rEoGrx1 IgG-ELISA were 65.1 % and 51.5 %, respectively. The protein showed serological cross-reaction against Fasciola gigantica, Toxoplasma gondii, and Sarcocystis sp. The in silico bioinformatics analysis of the E. ortleppi, F. gigantica, and T. gondii glutaredoxin sequences revealed fully conserved amino acids at positions 11 and 21, the substitution of conserved amino acids at positions 14 and 6, and semi-conserved substitutions at positions 3 and 4, respectively. The findings partly explain the molecular basis of the serological cross-reactivity of the protein.

CARCASSES AND OFFAL CONDEMNATION AT KOM-ELNOUR ABATTOIR IN DAKAHLIA PROVINCE, EGYPT: MAJOR CAUSES AND ECONOMIC LOSS

An abattoir survey was conducted from October 2020 to September 2021 to identify the primary reasons for offal and carcass condemnation of slaughtered animals in Dakahlia province, Egypt, as well as to estimate their economic loss. During the survey, 643 animals (441 cattle, 178 buffalos, 19 camels, 4 sheep, and one goat) were submitted for antemortem and postmortem inspection. The results of both inspections were collected, analyzed, and the total economic loss was estimated by adding the condemnation of offal and carcasses over a twelve-month period. Retail prices for offal (liver, lung, heart, and tongue) and carcass prices per kg were obtained from local markets. Out of 643 animals slaughtered, 2 (0.31%) were totally condemned. In addition, postmortem inspection revealed that 217 (33.74%) livers, 158 (24.57%) lungs, 5 (0.78%) hearts, 14 (2.18%) heads, and 11(1.71%) tongues were condemned. Offal were condemned mainly due to pneumonia, fascioliasis, telangiectiasis, necrosis, and hydatidosis, whereas carcasses were rejected due to generalized tuberculosis. According to this study, the financial loss at the abattoir owing to carcass and organ condemnations was 244066 Egyptian Pounds over a twelve-month period (15746 USD). The incidence of meat rejection and subsequent financial loss was high compared to the amount of local revenue. The current study concluded that bacterial and parasitic diseases are still prevalent and cause significant economic damage in Dakahlia province, Egypt. This abattoir survey offered regional information on the principal reasons for carcass and organ condemnation in slaughtered animals, as well as an estimate of the direct economic consequences. Furthermore, the findings of the current work underlined the importance of developing an efficient monitoring system for meat condemnation and enforcing animal health strategies in Egypt.

Conditions Responsible for Meat Condemnations in Cattle Slaughtered in Bugesera, Gicumbi and Rwamagana districts of Rwanda

Introduction: Records obtained from slaughterhouses on the causes of meat condemnation is vital in contributing to the surveillance of disease prevalence and for promoting food security by protecting the community from consuming infected or unhygienic meat.
 Purpose: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of conditions that lead to organs and/or carcass condemnation.
 Methodology: A retrospective study design was used to collect data by using a structured questionnaire. The study reviewed three years (October 2018 to October 2021) postmortem inspection records of cattle slaughtered at abattoirs located in Bugesera, Gicumbi, and Rwamagana districts of Rwanda.
 Findings: Of the 9256 cattle slaughtered, 26.3% had at least one condition leading to total condemnation of organs or carcasses. The results of the study also revealed that the fasciolosis was the main cause of the liver (41.1%, 90.0%, and 65.5%) condemnation in the three districts respectively, while the kidney (4.7%, 0.8%, and 6.4%) was condemned due to urinary calculi. The leading causes of condemnation of lungs and intestine were insufficient bleeding (50.1%) and pimply gut (0.7%), respectively. In decreasing order of probability of being more prevalent, the top four conditions were: fasciolosis (9.2%), insufficient bleeding (3.2%), urinary calculi (0.9%), and hydronephrosis (0.6%).
 Recommendations: These results highlight the need for improved meat inspection practices at abattoirs, awareness of stakeholders involved in cattle trading value chain, and implementing control and prevention measures against these conditions. This will help improving meat safety at abattoirs while ensuring food security and profitability of meat value chain.

Parasitic causes of meat and organs in cattle at four slaughterhouses in Sistan-Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran between 2008 and 2016.

This 8‐year (from 2008 to 2016) retrospective study calculated the percentage of carcass and organ (lung and liver) condemnations and estimated the direct financial costs at four slaughterhouses in Sistan‐Baluchestan Province, Southeastern Iran. Each carcass and organ (lung and liver) was thoroughly examined through inspection, palpation and incision following the standard protocol. Identification of the parasites was performed macroscopically. The total direct economic loss due to meat's condemnation was estimated by adding weights of each organ or carcass part and multiplying individual organ totals by their 2016 market unit price. A total of 857,039 cattle were slaughtered during this period, 64,497 livers (7.5%), 31,401 lungs (3.6%) and the carcasses of 1,171 cattle (0.1%) were condemned due to lesions caused by parasites. The main parasitic lesions in the condemned livers were attributed to Echinococcus granulosus (4.2%), Fasciola spp. (3.1%) and Dicrocoelium dendriticum (0.1%). All the condemned lungs were due to E. granulosus (3.6%). Taenia saginata cysticerci were detected in 0.1% of inspected animals. Liver condemnation due to cystic echinococcosis was the highest in fall (4.7%, p < 0.001); while lung condemnation was the highest during spring (3.98%, p < 0.001). Liver condemnation due to Fasciola spp. was the lowest in winter (2.99%, p < 0.001). Carcass condemnation as a result of cysticercosis was the highest in summer (p < 0.001). Considering the 2016 market prices, condemnations due to the studied parasites caused direct costs estimated U.S. $ 3,191,879. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report estimating the monetary losses due to parasitic infections in the slaughterhouses of this province. Due to the high financial impact of the studied parasites, a control programme should be implemented to decrease this impact.

CELULITE EM FRANGOS DE CORTE – REVISÃO

A avicultura brasileira alcançou, nos últimos anos, níveis de produtividade e de ajuste na sua organização que a colocam como uma das mais competitivas do mundo. O resultado é um produto com qualidade, sanidade, sustentabilidade, que, aliadas a preços competitivos, levou o frango brasileiro a estar presente em mais de 150 países. O objetivo deste trabalho foi fazer uma revisão sobre a celulite aviária associada a ocorrência de Escherichia coli, destacando - se a etiopatogenia, o diagnóstico e a prevenção. Devido a fina espessura da pele dos frangos, vários fatores como deficiência nutricional, substâncias irritantes, toxinas, infecções e problemas de manejo podem potencialmente levar lesões cutâneas. A Escherichia coli é bactéria do grupo coliforme que fermenta a lactose e manitol, com produção de ácido e gás a 44,5 ± 0,2oC em 24 horas, produz indol a partir do triptofano, oxidase negativa, não hidrolisa a uréia e apresenta atividade das enzimas ß galactosidase e ß glucoronidase, sendo considerada o mais específico indicador de contaminação fecal recente e de eventual presença de organismos patogênicos. Portanto, a celulite tendo a E. coli como agente causador pode ser considerada como uma das mais importantes causas de condenação da carne de frango, gerando interesses em termos econômicos por conta das perdas financeiras impostas aos produtores. Além das perdas econômicas, há os riscos relativos à saúde pública, tornando-se necessária a reavaliação dos critérios de condenação em casos de celulite aviária determinados na legislação.

Epidemiological Study of Mycobacterium bovis Infection in Buffalo and Cattle in Amazonas, Brazil

Bovine Tuberculosis (BTB) is an endemic disease in about one hundred countries, affecting the economy causing a decrease in productivity, condemnation of meat, and damaging the credibility on international trade. Additionally, Mycobacterium bovis the major causative agent for BTB can also infect humans causing a variety of clinical presentations. The aim of this study was to determine BTB prevalence and the main risk factors for the Mycobacterium bovis prevalence in cattle and buffalos in Amazonas State, Brazil. Tissue samples from 151 animals (45 buffalo and 106 cattle from five herds with buffalo only, 22 herds with cattle only, and 12 herds with buffalo and cattle) were obtained from slaughterhouses under State Veterinary Inspection. M. bovis were isolated on Stonebrink medium. The positive cultures were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. The apparent herd and animal prevalence rates were 56.4 and 5.40%, respectively. Regarding animal species, the apparent prevalence rates were 3% in cattle and 11.8% in buffalo. Generalized Linear Mixed Models (GLMM) with random effect were used to assess the association with risk factors on the prevalence. Species (buffalo), herds size (>100 animals) and the presence of both species (buffalo and cattle) in the herd were the major risk factors for the infection by Mycobacterium bovis in the region. The findings reveal an urgent need for evidence-based effective intervention to reduce BTB prevalence in cattle and buffalo and prevent its spread to the human population. Studies are needed to understand why buffalo are more likely to be infected by M. bovis than cattle in Amazon. Recommendations for zoning, use of data from the inspection services to generate information regarding BTB focus, adoption of epidemiological tools, and discouragement of practices that promote the mixing of cattle and buffalo, were made.

Wooden Breast Syndrome in Gastrocnemius Muscle of Roaster Chickens Leading to Muscle-Tendon Rupture and Leg Condemnation

Rupture of the gastrocnemius tendon is a costly challenge for the poultry industry due to bird culling from clinical lameness and leg condemnations at the processing plant. In this case, a broiler chicken producer experienced a dramatic increase in leg condemnations at processing, coinciding with a temporary increase in processing age and weight (from 62 days at 10.25 pounds or 4.66 kg to 67 days at 11 pounds or 5 kg body weight). Gross lesions in the condemned limbs included acute rupture of the gastrocnemius tendon with corresponding hemorrhage and edema. Histologic analysis, however, revealed that the “tendon rupture” observed grossly was in fact due to rupture of the gastrocnemius muscle at the myotendinous junction. The myopathic lesions, as well as the venous inflammation (phlebitis) and lipid infiltrates, observed in the affected tissues were consistent with wooden breast syndrome (WBS), which more typically manifests in the pectoral (breast) muscle. WBS in breast muscle and meat is well recognized as a significant problem in the poultry industry due to economic losses from breast meat condemnation. This report demonstrates that the negative bird health effects and economic impact of WBS are likely far greater than previously understood. Moving forward, WBS myopathy and vasculopathy must now also be considered as a potential cause for clinical lameness, gastrocnemius muscle-tendon rupture, and economic losses from leg condemnation in broiler chickens, particularly in birds raised to roaster weights.

Prevalence and economic losses resulting from parasitic zoonosis on swine and ruminants in Ouagadougou abattoir (Burkina Faso)

Cysticercosis and fasciolosis are zoonosis with public health and economic importance. A retrospective study was conducted with the objective to determine the prevalence and economic losses associated with meat condemnation in Ouagadougou abattoir due to two parasitic zoonosis: fasciolosis and cysticercosis. The meat inspection register was sifted through to collect data on animals slaughtered in the abattoir between 2007 and 2013. Prices of carcasses and organs have been requested from stakeholders in the meat industry. The prevalence and economic losses associated with animal fasciolosis and cysticercosis were calculated. The overall prevalence of fasciolosis and cysticercosis were 0.41% and 0.17%, respectively. The highest prevalence of fasciolosis was observed in cattle (0.82%), while the highest rate of cysticercosis was observed in pigs (0.22%). For both fasciolosis and cysticercosis, the highest number of condemnation was observed during the dry season. Total economic losses due to fasciolosis stemming from seizure of liver and carcass weight loss were estimated at XOF 142 068 284 ($258,423) while losses related to cysticercosis-infected organs and carcasses was estimated at XOF 6 286 000 ($11,434 USD). This study highlights the impact of these diseases in Burkina Faso and proves that the country’s population is facing riks of contamination. Keywords : Public heath, cysticercosis, meat, swine, cattle, Burkina Faso

Seroprevalence of Neospora caninum in periparturient cattle on Guernsey

Neospora caninum is a cause of bovine abortion and economic loss to beef and dairy farmers. This can be profound in small island farming communities such as Guernsey. The shedding of oocysts by dogs can have a large impact on herds with low numbers of cattle. To better understand the potential economic impact on dairy farmers as a consequence of N.caninum infection in cattle, the Veterinary Officer of Guernsey undertook a serological survey for N.caninum. 252 samples were collected from cattle in 13 herds; 237 samples were negative (&lt;30 percentage inhibition (PI%) = negative) and 14 were positive (≥30 PI% = positive), one sample was insufficient for testing. 6% of the cattle tested had positive Neospora titres. 7 of the 13 herds sampled had at least one individual with a positive result. The absence of importations of cattle onto the island, and the presence of sarcocysts in bovine carcasses, suggests that environmental contamination with Neospora oocysts is likely to be the most significant source of bovine infection. Reduction of canine faecal contamination where cattle have access would have the benefit of reducing economic loss through abortion, meat and offal condemnation, while also reducing the risk of environmental contamination with Toxocara spp. and tapeworm ova.

Parasitic causes of organ condemnation in cattle slaughtered in Fako abattoirs, South-West region of Cameroon, and estimate of financial losses.

An abattoir study was carried out between May and October 2016 to determine the parasitic causes of organ condemnation during meat inspection and to evaluate the attendant financial losses in Fako abattoirs, in the South-West region of Cameroon. Organs (liver, lungs, heart, tongue, kidney, spleen and intestine) were examined at meat inspection following standard procedures and the financial loss was estimated by considering the total weight of condemned organs and the price per kilogram of marketable organs, obtained from the local market. The organs of 1472 cattle were examined, of which 357 (24.38%) were condemned. The organs condemned because of parasitic infestations were the liver (333) and small intestine (24), and the infections were caused by flukes of Fasciola sp. and proglottids of Moniezia sp., respectively. Hydatid cysts and cysticerci were absent. The prevalence of fasciolosis and monieziosis was 22.62% and 1.63%, respectively. Condemnation deprived the region of 665.457 kg of meat, with an associated financial loss of CFA 1,330,902 (USD 2505), during the study period. Parasitic diseases worsen the food insecurity situation as they result in the withdrawal of a considerable amount of meat from the food chain. Fasciolosis, the leading parasitic cause of meat condemnation in Fako, is also zoonotic. It is therefore important that effective control measures are implemented countrywide against this parasitosis.

Rates of and reasons for condemnation of poultry carcases: harmonised methodology at the slaughterhouse

European hygiene regulations require the condemnation of any unsafe food. However, there is little information identifying and quantifying condemnation of poultry carcases at slaughterhouses. We present an in-depth view of...

Demodex phylloides infection in swine reared in a peri-urban family farm located on the outskirts of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, Brazil

This paper reports the occurrence of porcine demodicosis caused by the mite Demodex phylloides in hogs reared in a peri-urban family farm located in Francisco Morato, a municipality of the Metropolitan Region of São Paulo, capital city of the state of São Paulo, Brazil. In a parcel of forty Landrace – Large White cross hogs, approximately four months old, four animals presented severe skin lesions in the form of small nodules over their entire body, especially in the periocular region, snout, lower abdomen and flanks. Two hogs had to be euthanized for animal welfare reasons, which enabled post-mortem examination. Skin scrapings revealed eggs, larvae, nymphs and adults of D. phylloides. Purulent subcutaneous nodules with intense parasitic folliculitis and intense perifollicular inflammatory reaction were present. Enterobacteria and coagulase-positive Staphylococcus spp. were isolated from the skin pustules. Necropsy revealed milk spotted liver, enteritis and enlargement of mesenteric lymph nodes. Protozoa (Eimeria spp. and Balantidium sp.), helminth eggs (Ascaris suum, Trichuris suis and strongyles) and Brachyspira spp. were found in faeces. Staphylococcus spp. and enterobacteria were isolated from internal organs. All remaining hogs were treated with ivermectin at a daily oral dose of 0.45g/kg of feed, during seven days. Fifteen days after treatment, remission of symptoms was observed in the surviving animals with demodicosis; absence of mites was confirmed by skin scraping examinations. The hogs were reared under poor environmental, nutritional and sanitary conditions, resulting in multimorbidity and immunosuppression. Severe clinical porcine demodicosis was triggered when the animals were castrated. Family pig farmers had been suffering economic losses due to the stunted growth of the herd. In addition to that, the lesions found on the skin and in the internal organs would result in condemnation of meat and viscera for human consumption. As part of a Public Policies Project, farm facilities were renovated with governmental aid, while family farmers received training. Good management practices and biosecurity measures were introduced in the herd. Educative policies and financial support were important to guide family pig farmers towards better husbandry practices, allowing them to raise healthy hogs in compliance with market demands.

Sarcocystis spp. in sheep and goats: frequency of infection and species identification by morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular tests in Bahia, Brazil.

Sarcocystis spp. are cyst-forming coccidia that infect numerous animals species, including several livestock species. Despite the importance of sheep and goat production in Brazil, little it is known about the Sarcocystis species that infect small ruminants in the country and their potential impact on meat condemnation due to the presence of macroscopic cysts of the parasite. The aims of the present study were to determine the frequency of infection by Sarcocystis spp. in goats and sheep intended for human consumption in Bahia State, Brazil, as well as to identify the parasite species in selected samples. The entire tongue, esophagus, and heart were collected from 120 goats and 120 sheep. Tissues were examined for Sarcocystis spp. by macroscopic evaluation, light microscopy, electron microscopy, and molecular tests. Microscopic cysts of Sarcocystis spp. were detected in 95.8 % of sheep and 91.6 % of goats. Using either transmission electron microscopy or partial sequencing of the 18S region of the ribosomal DNA (rDNA) for species identification, Sarcocystis tenella and Sarcocystis arieticanis were observed in sheep and Sarcocystis capracanis in goats. Macroscopic cysts were not detected in the analyzed samples. We concluded that goats and sheep destined for human consumption in Bahia possess high frequencies of Sarcocystis infection. Carcass condemnation due to Sarcocystis macrocysts seems to be rare in the studied region. S. arieticanis and S. capracanis were confirmed for the first time by electron microscopy or by molecular tests in small ruminants from Brazil.

The economic and emotional costs of endoparasitic worm burdens in cats and dogs

Roundworm and tapeworm infection remain common in UK cats and dogs, leading to extensive attempts to control infection. This is primarily due to human and animal health concerns, but the economic and emotional costs of these parasites are often not considered. This article focuses on two groups of worms. Toxocara spp. are the most common nematodes in cats and dogs and thought to lead to significant human morbidity as a zoonosis, which is difficult to quantify nationally. Tapeworms are a quantifiable and major source of economic losses due to meat and offal condemnation, and Echinococcus granulosus remains a serious endemic zoonosis. Control measures are discussed in terms of limiting economic and zoonotic impact as well as strengthening the human-animal bond.

Prevalence of Taenia saginata Larvae (Cysticercus bovis) in Feedlot Cattle Slaughtered in a Federal Inspection Type Abattoir in Northwest México.

The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis was established using routine postmortem inspection of 52,322 feedlot cattle slaughtered at 1 Federal Inspection Type abattoir (TIF 301) located in the Mexicali Valley in Baja California, México. The study included 31,393 animals (60.0%) purchased and transported to Baja California from stocker operations located in 17 states of México and 20,929 animals (40.0%) native to Baja California. A total of 208 carcasses showed lesions suggestive of cysticercosis, and 109 were confirmed as positive for the parasite with a prevalence of 0.21%, equivalent to 2.1 cases/1000 carcasses inspected, 2.8 cases/1000 carcasses for cattle purchased in other states, and 1.0 cases/1000 carcasses for cattle native from Baja California. The sensitivity of the postmortem inspection, when compared to a gold standard of stereoscopic microscopy, was 52.4%. The prevalence of cysticercosis was 2.8 times higher in cattle from other states compared with those native to Baja California. Cysticerci were most frequently found in the heart, followed by liver and masseter muscles. In cattle from other states, 96.6% of cysticerci were classified as calcified and <4% as viable; in cattle native to Baja California, 29% of cysticerci were classified as calcified and 71% as viable. The prevalence of bovine cysticercosis established at TIF 301 was found to be 28% lower than a previous report for Baja California. However, given the sensitivity of the postmortem inspection calculated between 10% and 50%, it is possible that an undetermined number of carcasses pass as being free of cysticerci and that the meat reached both domestic and international wholesale markets, increasing the possibility of human infection and causing substantial economic loss through condemnation of infected meat and trade restrictions for endemic regions.

The importance of subcutaneous abscess infection by Pasteurella spp. and Staphylococcus aureus as a cause of meat condemnation in slaughtered commercial rabbits

Subcutaneous abscesses are lesions frequently reported in commercial rabbits. Both at farm and slaughterhouse level, these lesions are responsible for economic losses and a potential decrease in meat quality. The present study was devised to identify the main causes of meat condemnation in slaughtered commercial rabbits and assess the importance of abscess lesions in this domain. For these purposes, 281423 rabbits were evaluated during meat inspection at the slaughterhouse. The results achieved showed that subcutaneous abscesses were the major cause of condemnation, being responsible for the rejection of 1355 (0.48%) rabbit carcasses. The main affected area was the hind limbs (31.37%), followed by the cervical area (23.10%). Microbiological analyses of 27 abscess samples indicated Pasteurella spp. as the bacteria mostly isolated (59.3%), followed by Staphylococcus aureus (25.9%). These results enable us to advise the industry on the significance of abscesses as an important cause of economic losses, due to meat condemnation during post mortem inspection, and highlight the importance of implementing monitoring plans as a way to control this pathological problem.

Bovine tuberculosis in Rwanda: Prevalence and economic impact evaluation by meat inspection at Société des Abattoirs de Nyabugogo-Nyabugogo Abattoir, Kigali.

Despite the significant public health burden of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Rwanda, the prevalence of bTB is poorly documented. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bTB in cattle using gross examination of granulomatous lesions, to identify mycobacteria species in suspected samples, and to evaluate the economic impact of meat condemnation based on bTB-like lesions in the meat industry in Rwanda. Routine meat inspection was conducted at Société des Abattoirsde Nyabugogo (SABAN)-Nyabugogo Abattoir. Tissue samples including 31 lymph nodes, 3 lungs and 2 livers were obtained from cattle of different ages with gross tuberculous lesions. Mycobacterium bovis was identified using microscopy with Kinyoun staining and isolation of mycobacterial species in culture on Löwenstein-Jensen and Colestos media, further identified using biochemical tests. Our findings, based on culture and postmortem results, show that the prevalence of bTB is 0.5%(0.587*148/16753), with an overall gross tuberculous lesion prevalence of 0.9% (148/16753). The presence of lesions were higher in cattle aged 2 years and older (1.6% vs. 0.6%, p &lt; 0.05) and higher in females than in males (1.4% vs. 0.6%, p &lt; 0.05). Of the 36 samples tested, 26 (72.2%) were positive by microscopic examination with Kinyoun staining while M. bovis was culture-confirmed in 21 (58.7%) cases. Bovine tuberculosis caused condemnation of 1683.5 kg of meat, resulting in an estimated loss of $4810. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of bTB in Rwanda is significant, and that bTB is a major cause of meat condemnation requiring continued implementation of surveillance and control measures. Furthermore, the results from this study also show important variations in sensitivity of the different tests that were used to determine the prevalence of bTB in cattle in Rwanda.

Bovine tuberculosis in Rwanda : prevalence and economic impact evaluation by meat inspection at Societe d'Abattoir de Nyabugogo-Nyabugogo Abattoir, Kigali : original research

Despite the significant public health burden of bovine tuberculosis (bTB) in Rwanda, the prevalence of bTB is poorly documented. This study was conducted to estimate the prevalence of bTB in cattle using gross examination of granulomatous lesions, to identify mycobacteria species in suspected samples, and to evaluate the economic impact of meat condemnation based on bTB-like lesions in the meat industry in Rwanda. Routine meat inspection was conducted at Societe d'Abattoir de Nyabugogo (SABAN)-Nyabugogo Abattoir. Tissue samples including 31 lymph nodes, 3 lungs and 2 livers were obtained from cattle of different ages with gross tuberculous lesions. Mycobacterium bovis was identified using microscopy with Kinyoun staining and isolation of mycobacterial species in culture on Lowenstein-Jensen and Colestos media, further identified using biochemical tests. Our findings, based on culture and postmortem results, show that the prevalence of bTB is 0.5% (0.587*148/16753), with an overall gross tuberculous lesion prevalence of 0.9% (148/16753). The presence of lesions were higher in cattle aged 2 years and older (1.6% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.05) and higher in females than in males (1.4% vs. 0.6%, p < 0.05). Of the 36 samples tested, 26 (72.2%) were positive by microscopic examination with Kinyoun staining while M. bovis was culture-confirmed in 21 (58.7%) cases. Bovine tuberculosis caused condemnation of 1683.5 kg of meat, resulting in an estimated loss of $4810. Our findings indicate that the prevalence of bTB in Rwanda is significant, and that bTB is a major cause of meat condemnation requiring continued implementation of surveillance and control measures. Furthermore, the results from this study also show important variations in sensitivity of the different tests that were used to determine the prevalence of bTB in cattle in Rwanda.