Concrete Space Research Articles

Revitalization of the Urban Space from Grey to Green in Lahore, Pakistan

Lahore is a metropolitan city renowned for its historical background. It is also known as the ‘City of Gardens’. In today’s world, the progression towards the construction of concrete structures and junk spaces is occurring at a rapid pace. The persona of the city is changing in order to accommodate the booming population. Ecological imbalance is resulting into the disappearance of the fauna from the city. The current study was carried out to provide the inhabitants with various opportunities in the form of lively public spaces that are being lost with the passage of time. The site selected for the project was diligently marked by considering some important aspects including an easy approach and a place that provides a rich amalgam of history, culture, traditional cuisine and education to maximize the interaction of people belonging to different professions. It was designed in a fashion that kept intact the Mughal roots of the city by adding a water feature interwoven with the modern world by carefully planning the vegetation, thus making the selection vibrant and colorful in order to make a concoction of the Mughal and contemporary art. The purpose of the fusion was to attract the inhabitants by building a characteristically distinct place that remains non-identical to the already existing public spaces, as well as to revive the lost culture which is fading away due to excessive construction and environmental pollution.

Penetration and internal blast behavior of reactive liner enhanced shaped charge against concrete space

Penetration and internal blast behavior of reactive liner enhanced shaped charge against concrete space were investigated through experiments and simulations. The volume of the enclosed concrete space is about 15 m3. The reactive liner enhanced shaped charge utilizes reactive copper double-layered liner, which is composed of an inner copper liner and an outer reactive liner, while the reactive material liner is fabricated by PTFE/Al (Polytetrafluoroethylene/Aluminum) powders through cold-pressing and sintering. Static explosion experiments show that, compared with the shaped charge which utilizes copper liner, the penetration cavity diameter and spalling area of concrete by the novel shaped charge were enlarged to 2 times and 4 times, respectively. Meanwhile, the following reactive material had blast effect and produced significant overpressure inside the concrete closed space. Theoretical analysis indicates concrete strength and detonation pressure of reactive material both affect the penetration cavity diameter. To the blast behavior of reactive material inside the concrete space, developing TNT equivalence model and simulated on AUTODYN-3D for analysis. Simulation results reproduced propagation process of the shock wave in concrete space, and revealed multi-peaks phenomenon of overpressure-time curves. Furthermore, the empirical relationship between the peak overpressure and relative distance for the shock wave of reactive material was proposed.

Through a Tube, Darkly: Critical Remediation in High and Low (1963)

Akira Kurosawa's 1963 police procedural High and Low is, as its title suggests, intensely interested in the socioeconomic valences of spatial relationships, literalized in Yokohama's affluent hills and its low-lying slums. The central conflict between inhabitants of these two spaces articulates this local topography into a global framework, in which concrete spaces of social interaction and functional production become abstract places that act as conduits for flows of media and capital. Previous analyses have read the film as an historical reflection of and nationalistic reaction to Americanization. Attending to the film's transnational, transtemporal, and transmedial articulations reframes the film as a critical engagement with globalization rather than a symptomatic reflection thereof. The immediate context of the rapid adoption of television, concomitant with Japan's emerging consumerism, allows Kurosawa to figure abstract economic patterns through intermedial formal techniques. These textual practices associate the materiality of celluloid with manual labor, and the ephemerality of TV with speculative finance. By further linking the protagonist Gondo with the former pair and the antagonist Takeuchi with the latter, High and Low formally and structurally critiques economic globalization as a form of criminality.

On quasicomplemented Hilbertian subspaces of Banach spaces

We prove the following theorem. Let T be a dense embedding of a Hilbert space H into a Banach space Y. Assume that there exists a subspace X of H whose density character satisfies densX=densX⊥, such that T|X is an isomorphism and T(X) is complemented to the closure T(X⊥)‾. Then there is a subspace E of H for which both restrictions T|E and T|E⊥ are isomorphisms. This result is applied to concrete spaces. Dual and almost proportional versions are also considered. A weaker version gives a complete description of Banach spaces having quasicomplemented subspaces which are isomorphic to Hilbert spaces.

On a New Geometric Constant Related to the Euler-Lagrange Type Identity in Banach Spaces

In this paper, we will introduce a new geometric constant LYJ(λ,μ,X) based on an equivalent characterization of inner product space, which was proposed by Moslehian and Rassias. We first discuss some equivalent forms of the proposed constant. Next, a characterization of uniformly non-square is given. Moreover, some sufficient conditions which imply weak normal structure are presented. Finally, we obtain some relationship between the other well-known geometric constants and LYJ(λ,μ,X). Also, this new coefficient is computed for X being concrete space.

TRANSLATING FEAR IN BORDER SPACES. ANTONI MUNTADAS´ ON TRANSLATION: FEAR / MIEDO/ JAUF

The aim of this article is to show how Antoni Muntadas’ projects deconstruct the spaces controlled by economic powers, politicians, the media and government institutions. Most Muntadas’ projects are site-specific and, therefore, focus on spaces like the city, public and private spaces or digital spaces. This article concentrates on those projects by Antoni Muntadas which show asymmetries of power in different spaces and moves on to focus on a concrete space, the border, in two projects: On Translation: Miedo/Fear, on the border between the United States and Mexico, and On Translation: Miedo/Jauf on the border between Spain and Morocco. These projects analyse how some people and others, those who are most vulnerable and those who are afraid of strangers, feel fear, depending on what side of the border they are on.

Коллективное воображение: зарождение и развитие чувства коллективности в раннем возрасте

On entering formal education, infants face the demand of participating in collective educational rou¬tines and learning experiences. However, in this age period, the sense of collectiveness is still in an embry¬onic form. This study explored how infants enter into and experience the need for collectiveness and how teachers create the conditions for the development of a sense of collectiveness during infancy. Our educa¬tional experiment drew on a Conceptual PlayWorld, as a collective model of practice for the development of play and imagination. Thirteen infants (0,5—2 years old) participated in the study. Visual methods were used for digital data collection and analysis. It was found that, being in the imaginary situation as play part¬ners, teachers introduced to the infants’ environment the demand to align with the collective, consistently facilitated and sustained infants’ motive orientation to the collective. The use of props, the embodiment of the experience and the shift from physical objects and concrete spaces to a shared intellectual and abstract space appeared to be critical. The findings inform everyday practice and policy opening up a new area of understanding about the concept of collective imagining, as an important concept for the development of a collective orientation for infants.

URBAN MOVEMENTS IN THE PROCESS OF THE LEGITIMATION OF LIBERAL DEMOCRACY: ANALYSIS OF THE ACTIVITIES OF ALTERNATIVE GROUPS AND CIVIL ORGANISATIONS AT A TIME OF EUROPEAN CRISIS

This paper constitutes an analysis of urban movements, marked in the research as alternative groups and civil organisations, in terms of the new politics characteristic of new social movements. In particular it indicates that these movements, ostensibly urban, actually express demands towards the broader social system, delegitimating it in a twofold manner. Firstly, the acceptance of certain general principles in democratic values and rules is coupled with criticism of how the system functions in practice and of the political elites in Poland, via protest, lobbying, and watchdog activities. A separate type of delegitimation embraces organisations among which we may list cooperatives and squats, as well as organisations managing concrete spaces and withdrawing from participation in public life, shutting themselves away within autonomous spaces and realising a different cultural and democratic model. In both of these groups we are thus dealing with a strongly accentuated anti-systemic and anti-capitalist attitude towards the political reality of the period of transformation in Poland. The research delivered confirmation of the overall research hypothesis adopted in the Lifewhat project, according to which in response to economic crisis civil society responds with the emergence of alternative forms of resilience, not only alleviating the consequences of the crisis but which also, as time passes and the scale of their activities increases, may give rise to a new quality – including in a political sense. The research constitutes a part of the international Lifewhat project. It was conducted on a sample of eighteen purposefully selected civil groups and organisations operating in large cities in Poland, using the method of in-depth interviews.

Não existem espaços inocentes

O texto indaga as relações entre imaginação (social) e processos de configuração espacial. Pergunta como espaços ideológicos e espaços imaginários se entrelaçam na construção de espaços concretos, que materializam regras de convivência e separação sociais. Indaga como espaços e conhecimentos inacabados contribuem para engessar relações sociais no sentido de imobilizar a reflexão por fixá-la na falta ameaçadora que esse inacabamento formal incorpora.

La quimera de una educación sin valores

La escuela es el espacio real y concreto donde se cristalizan aquellos valores trazados en el diseño curricular propio de cada sistema educativo. Es aquí donde debe producirse también una interacción reflexiva que suscite el cuestionamiento de las costumbres culturales vigentes y de aquellos valores sociales y personales más convenientes para promover el bien de la comunidad. Esto conlleva la responsabilidad de plantear adecuaciones para mejorar la convivencia en sociedad sin comprometer la propia raíz cultural. El delicado equilibro entre estas variables devendrá en armonía; de lo contrario, obtendremos una crisis que generará posturas antagónicas y en el lugar de la paz solo encontraremos una brecha social. En este artículo abordaremos la profunda relación existente entre la tríada “educación, valores e ideología”; ya que toda situación escolar, sea cual fuere la postura ideológica asumida, va a estar impregnada de determinados valores que impactan en la educación de las personas por el modo en que son concebidos y plasmados en el currículum.

Characteristic analysis of concrete air entraining agents in different media

The effects of six concrete air-entraining agents (AEAs) in different media, including saturated calcium hydroxide solution, cement paste, mortar, fresh concrete, and hardened concrete (subjected to different vibration treatments), were compared. The results show that the lower the AEA concentration is at the surface tension inflection point of a saturated calcium hydroxide solution, the less AEA is needed to obtain the same air content in the concrete. Similarly, AEAs with better air-entraining performance lead to a higher initial cement paste foam height and a lower mortar density. The differences between the air content of fresh concrete and hardened concrete are large; high-frequency vibration can significantly optimize the bubble space of low-slump concrete.

The meaning of spaces in the development of Karo Architecture (case study: shop houses)

This article examines the development of Karo architecture in North Sumatra, Indonesia. Karo Architecture is one of the architectures which still survive with a complete footprint and its existence can be traced. The postmodern era now, of course, influences by the development of this architecture. The benefits of local wisdom are explored by examining the existence of abstract and concrete spaces in Karo traditional architecture. For this reason, the article aims to look at the development of the existence of Karo architecture in its abstract and concrete spaces. The objects of research are Karo traditional buildings and shop houses located in Karo Regency and its surroundings. The method used is the descriptive qualitative approach to describe the facts in the field and examine them with the theory used. The result is that existing spaces are the results of culture from generation to generation that produces meaning according to their needs or Karo’s contemporary culture can adapt shop house.

Genius loci in Aceh Utara contemporary architecture

Aceh traditional house has become a legacy of its predecessors, but that traditional house will lose its function and existence throughout the journey and technological development, and the depletion of understanding and pride in the potential of Indonesian architecture caused by a lack of information about architectural potential. This study aims to assess the meaning contained in traditional and contemporary houses of Aceh through the theory of genius locus approach so that it can be used as a reference in the design of homes for Acehnese people who are full of culture and remain in their own. This research obtains by using descriptive qualitative methods that relate the life of the people of Aceh Utara by taking several samples of contemporary homes used as a place that is a culture comes to appear. The results of this study are the discovery of abstract and concrete spaces that become places and destinations of life based on the beliefs and life views of the Acehnese wherever they are.

Place and pedagogy: using space and materiality in teaching social science in Southern Africa

ABSTRACT This article responds to recent perspectives from the Global South calling for the decolonisation of universities. Drawing on examples from two post-independence universities in Southern Africa – Sol Plaatje University in South Africa, and Great Zimbabwe University in Zimbabwe – we examine pedagogic innovation in undergraduate social science teaching. In particular, we examine the use of space and materiality as teaching tools in social anthropology. We argue for the promotion of what we call emplacement: such that materiality is not only used to relativise and deconstruct inherited world views about the Global South, in order that views from within the Global South are given centrality, but also such that students can situate themselves as embodied persons within concrete spaces and communities which carry particular social, economic and political histories. We see such a move as a decolonial one, that allows for the creation and maintenance of students as embodied, knowledge-making persons situated within communities, rather than as abstracted individuals to whom academia imparts knowledge created by others.

Youth nightlife at home: towards a feminist conceptualisation of home

ABSTRACT This paper explores home as a space of youth nightlife and drinking through a feminist lens. It draws on feminist geographical scholarship on home and 40 semi-structured interviews with young people aged 16–25 in Switzerland in the context of a larger interdisciplinary study. We find that the home figures as a central space of nightlife for young people beyond pre-drinking or home parties. At the same time, privacy and intimacy are important to young people when drinking alcohol outside of the home. We suggest that this preference of privacy when going out indicates an interweaving of private and public spheres in young people’s nightlives. The paper argues that the home is both a central concrete space and an important symbolic notion in young people’s nightlives. In so doing, it empirically complicates the public/private dualism and contributes to feminist geographical conceptualisations of home in the context of youth nightlife.

Dialogues of existencialist psychology with the concept of territory

Jean-Paul Sartre, based on the phenomenological method and existentialist philosophy, described human reality as freedom in situation, understood in the indissoluble unity between itself and itself, that is, between freedom and facticity. Existence of the subject is not given abstractly, it occurs in a concrete space, circumscribed in materiality and acquires meaning in the light of the project of being. In defining the concept of situation, Sartre uses the notions of "my place" and "my surroundings", portraying materiality as a boundary condition of freedom. From this notion of spatiality, the present work aims to establish relations between the Sartrian concept of situation, as defined in Being and Nothingness, and the concept of territory used in several areas of knowledge that approach the relation between person and environment, such as geography, anthropology, ethology, psychology and other areas of health. The multiple possibilities of interdisciplinary interlocution of the notion of territory result from the dynamics of the concept, which is not limited to the physical environment, but brings together social and symbolic aspects in an integrated and dialectical way. Discussing the approximations between the concepts of territory, territoriality and situation contribute to the interdisciplinarity of the different areas that use them in professional practice

Increasing the durability of fibrous cement compositions by impregnating the porous space of fiber concrete

Fiberglass reinforcement is the most effective method of increasing the strength of concretes because fiberglass has high mechanical strength and high modulus of elasticity. The low corrosion resistance of fibers to the alkaline environment of concrete plays the role of the limiting factor to the widespread use of fiberglass reinforcement. As the process of corrosion of fiberglass largely depends on the porosity of the composition, the authors have conducted a study of the impregnation of the porous space of the fiberglass by specifically developed compound of the following composition: the liquid component – liquid glass; the neutral filler - nanodispersed silica Kovelos-05; the hardener of liquid – sodium silicofluoride. As a result of the chemical reaction between the liquid glass and the cement clinker components, colloidal calcium hydrosilicate and sodium aluminate are formed. The set of properties of liquid sodium glass enables it to accelerate the setting of concrete at the appearance of sodium aluminate and to reduce the permeability of the porous space, due to the formation of calcium hydrosilicates. These facts led to the use of liquid glass as a compound for impregnation of fiber concrete.

Research on seismic design method of a beam-column joint in reinforced concrete space frame

Earthquake action is multi-dimensional and random. Under bidirectional horizontal direction loading, the seismic capability of beam-column joints in reinforced concrete (RC) frame may be lower than the design capability under unidirectional main direction loading. Detailed calculation methods for the shear bearing capability and shearing performance of RC space joints in frames under bidirectional horizontal direction loading have not been reported. In this work, the shear mechanism and internal force calculation method of an RC space joint under bidirectional horizontal direction loading are analyzed. Furthermore, a shear capacity calculation model is established based on the strut-and-tie model. The prediction of the shear capability in this work are in good agreement with the reported experimental results. This study provides a design method for the seismic design of RC space frame joints, and provides a supplement for the seismic design method of RC space frame with “strong joints and weak members”, when they are subjected to bidirectional horizontal direction loading at the same time.

Deformation calculation of space reinforced concrete frame by FEM with allowance for vibrocreep of concrete

The efficiency of the reinforced frameworks depends to a large extent on a properly framing scheme. If the framing scheme is made of reinforced concrete, the frame displays at various long static and dynamic loads such a characteristic phenomenon as the creep and vibrocreep of concrete. In addition, the space frame must take into account the buckling strain. An algorithm for the calculation of n-times kinematicly indeterminate space reinforced concrete frames has been developed, taking into account buckling strain, creep and vibrocreep based on finite element analysis and recursion formulas, which makes it possible to simplify the calculation of bar systems for long processes. Recursion formulas can be used to develop programs for calculating space frames. The article presents the research and obtained a stiffness matrix of three types of reinforced concrete space finite element, taking into account buckling strain and long processes. An algorithm for calculating reinforced concrete bar systems was developed taking into account the space work, buckling strain, vibocreep of concrete by finite element method. An executed example of the calculation of a reinforced concrete space framed structure showed that taking into account the buckling strain of the rods and the vibrocreep of concrete significantly alter the stress-strain state of space systems. Some frame motions increase by 135-348% over time, and the force variation varies from + 88% to -231% in comparison with elastic non-deformation values. The increase in displacements is mainly influenced by creep and vibration creep, which account for 135% –184% and 228% - 338%, respectively, and for the growth of efforts – buckling strain, the share of which ranged from + 10% to -228%. Deformation calculations of framed reinforced concrete systems should be performed not only to establish a change in the pattern of internal forces and time motions, but in the most dangerous places of the system to determine the stresses in reinforced and concrete and deflections to prevent the excess of calculated resistances of materials and normative motions.

Zeitraum und Raumzeit: Dimensionen zeitlicher und räumlicher Narration im Theater

Zeitraum und Raumzeit: Dimensionen zeitlicher und räumlicher Narration im Theater