Conceptual Ideas Research Articles

РЕЦЕПЦИЯ ИДЕЙ ЗАПАДНОЙ СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ XIX – НАЧАЛА ХХ ВЕКА В ДУХОВНО-АКАДЕМИЧЕСКОМ ТЕИЗМЕ КАК ФАКТОР РАЗВИТИЯ ПРАВОСЛАВНОГО ЭТИКО-АНТРОПОЛОГИЧЕСКОГО УЧЕНИЯ

The article deals with the attitude of Orthodox doctrine about the person and society to a number of European and American social concepts, including "social evangelism," "positivist sociology" (using the example of G. Spencer), Nietzscheanism, "organistic" con-cepts of social development. It is concluded that, despite the desire to find their interpretation of social processes based on the patristic tradition, representatives of spiritual and academic philosophy used the conceptual ideas of Catholic and Protestant au-thors, especially the latter's criticism of positivism and Nietzscheanism when considering social issues. In addition, the article indi-cates a close connection between the Orthodox doctrine of society and the study of the ethical and social nature of man.

Komparasi Konsep Kafaah dalam Perspektif Imam Maliki dan Imam Syafii

This research is intended to find our about the kafa’ah concept according to Imam Maliki, then it is compared with the perspective of Imam Syafi’I. This article is conducted to study the conceptual ideas based on library research. This library research employed qualitative design. The daya were gathered via library study to arrange and interpret the concept in order promoting new point of view results. Those data can be in the forms of research paper, journal, books, and so forth which is related to the studied concept. The result of this study showed that the kafa’ah concept significantly and mostly used in the marital context. This concept shows the comparative implementation in the marital context in Indonesia, but it is actually explained to anticipate any kind of thing which may bring harm to the wife.

Pengoperasian Penalaran Bayāni dalam Alqur’an (Analisis Metode Amar dalam Perintah Shalat)

In essence, fiqh law is an extract from the arguments of the Al-Quran and Hadith which are the main priority sources of Islamic law and are carried out by the method of reasoning in ushul fiqh. The need for the operation of ushul fikh rules is felt to be very important because the problems that arise in society arise and grow in various ways. Therefore, this paper wants to examine how the pattern of bayani reasoning in ushul fiqh? and How is the operation of ushuliyyah rules in fiqh cases? This research is in the qualitative realm which is more directed to conceptual ideas based on literature analysis (Library Research). The result of this study is that bayāni reasoning is a pattern of reasoning that is based on linguistic rules or on the meanings of pronunciation to find out the arguments that are 'amm and hash, muthlaq-muqayyad, nasikh-mansukh, amr, nahy, musytarak, majaz, essence, and others. According to majority ulema, dalalah amar muthlaq is essentially obligatory. unless there is an indication that turns it to other than obligatory, then amar is interpreted in accordance with the demands of the indication. According to majority ulema, amar muthlaq does not refer to repetition and haste to carry out actions. Whereas nahi muthlaq refers to repetition and haste to leave an act.

State-patriotic education of Law Enforcement Officers and Special services of Russia as an actual Problem in pedagogical Axiology

Introduction. The article actualizes the problem of the manifestation of universal, national (all-Russian) state and service-professional values that guarantee responsibility and the development of patriotism in the process of fulfilling multifunctional duties in the life and service of every law enforcement and special services officer of Russia. The purpose of the article is to substantiate the conceptual provisions of the problem of state–patriotic education of law enforcement officers and Special Forces of Russia, to identify key groups of values and value orientations, to highlight the main principles of educational activity, to determine methods and forms of purposeful and systematic educational work. The study was conducted because of the implementation of an axiomatic approach, which serves as a methodological basis for the formation of a national-patriotic worldview of law enforcement and special services of the Russian Federation. Because of the fundamentals of axiological pedagogy, the main conceptual provisions and ideas of state-patriotic education are considered. Effective application of the provisions of pedagogical axiology to state education and patriotic activity requires creative application of the structural components of state patriotism on the part of the leadership and law enforcement officers and Special Forces of Russia: knowledge, motivation, values, positive and behavioral training. The author substantiates a set of values embodying moral and patriotic ideals and serving as standards of decency and patriotism for young people, conditionally classified as fundamental values (Homeland, Fatherland, patriotism, loyalty, culture, language, history, traditions, and faith) and professional values. The mechanisms of implementation of state-patriotic education are considered: goals, categories of social values of employees (including the dominance of patriotism), principles (scientific, humanism, consistency, priority, continuity, integrated approach, positive action, and differentiated approach), and forms, methods (training and education). Conclusion. The stated results of the conducted research are of significant importance for law enforcement agencies and special services within the framework of ongoing organizational and staff reforms.

Conceptual ideas of new education in the context of the information educational paradigm

Conceptual ideas of new education in the context of the information educational paradigm

LIFELONG LEARNING IN THE CONTEXT OF EUROPEAN VECTOR OF PEDAGOGICAL SCIENCE

Global and integral tendencies, world educational processes that are widely developed in society and require new approaches in educational sciences and practices, have the educational society oriented to the cardinal conceptual ideas and principles inherent to European education. The author, on the basis of analysis, and using scientific methods of synthesis and data generalization, makes an attempt of representing the necessity of following the provisions of Memorandum on Lifelong Learning, Copenhagen declaration, Bologne declaration, International standard education classification, other legislative acts and documents, in reforming and modernization of the educational sphere in Ukraine. The research of scientists of the National Academy of Educational Sciences of Ukraine has been also analyzed in order to prove and to substantiate the requirement of time – to introduce lifelong education and to study its peculiarities and all aspects in all their variety. The author outlines the main conceptual notions of the research and connected notions, namely lifelong learning, adult education, continuous education, and others. Functions of educational activities are briefly outlined for better understanding of their value under contemporary conditions; the role and meaning of lifelong education for individual and professional development and self-perfection are revealed. The topicality of the analytical research presented is also stipulated by the fact that the basis of the globalized world is “knowledge society”, and information becomes a tool of achieving success in personal life and profession. Lifelong education will also increase the intellectual potential of every individual and every state; thus, this new trend in education will provide an effective response to modern challenges, it will improve the educational system as a whole and will increase economic competition. Therefore, revealing the content and the significance of the terms under research: lifelong education, adult education, continuous education, their functions in the contemporary world that undergoes processes of globalization and internalization, will provide the possibility of introducing the new educational processes and phenomena. Research potential and educational sciences can be enriched with further scientific studies in the direction for a successful and sustainable development of society.

ГРАЖДАНСКОЕ ОБЩЕСТВО КАК ПРАВОВОЙ ФЕНОМЕН: ТЕОРЕТИКО-ПРАВОВОЙ АНАЛИЗ

The article considers civil society as a legal phenomenon, gives its theoretical legal analysis. The following conceptual ideas that make up the essence of this phenomenon are distinguished: the discrepancy between the state and society, the primacy of society in relation to the state, the ability to self-organization, socio-political contextuality, opposition to the state, non-universality, multilevel system, coordinated activity of various social groups, the presence of civil consciousness. It is noted that the civil legal consciousness is permeated with the ideals of individualism, democracy, freedom, formal equality, citizenship, and its foundation is based on the inviolability of private property, human rights and freedoms.

METHODICAL PREREQUISITES FOR TRAINING MUSIC TEACHERS TO TEACH ART TO PUPILS

The purpose of the article is to analyze the requirements of general school education regarding the education of art students as determinants of the professional future music teacher methodical training. Scientific sources of Ukrainian and Chinese art pedagogy were involved in the theoretical analysis. The analysis was carried out in the context of identifying the potential of the achievements of Ukrainian artistic pedagogy and science for their possible introduction into the Chinese music and music-pedagogical education system, which is currently being integrated into the world's cultural process. The methods of theoretical analysis are used to determine the essence of the fundamental definition of the music teacher's readiness to teach art students, comparing the positions of scientists to reveal the essence of the requirements for the complex of methodical training of music teachers in Ukraine and China. The analysis of music teacher training requirements in the Ukrainian education system is based on the conceptual ideas of the New Ukrainian School. The differences in the ways of musical and pedagogical education formation in China in the context of historical and cultural processes and national specificities are shown. The joint determinant of the successful teacher-musician's professional activity in the direction of integrative art education of pupils is formulated. It is multi-artistic readiness centered on musical art and systematically encompasses other types of art in practical creativity. The qualities of a music teacher, which are aimed at successful professional activity, are described: as universal, musical and professional (professional musicianship and music-pedagogical), and personal. The content structure of teacher-musician training in teaching art to pupils has been specified, which includes artistic-reflective, artistic-empathic, motivational-value, artistic-active, and artistic-communicative components. Emphasis is placed on increasing the requirements for the spiritual and personal development of the music teacher in the regulatory documents and practice of Chinese music-pedagogical education.

Oral SARS-CoV-2 reduction by local treatment: A plasma technology application?

The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reemphasized the importance of and need for efficient hygiene and disinfection measures. The coronavirus' efficient spread capitalizes on its airborne transmission routes via virus aerosol release from human oral and nasopharyngeal cavities. Besides the upper respiratory tract, efficient viral replication has been described in the epithelium of these two body cavities. To this end, the idea emerged to employ plasma technology to locally reduce mucosal viral loads as an additional measure to reduce patient infectivity. We here outline conceptual ideas of such treatment concepts within what is known in the antiviral actions of plasma treatment so far.

Merayakan Anekarasa: Membangun Multikulturalisme melalui Pembelajaran Sejarah Kuliner di Kota Medan

The writing of this paper derives from multicultural life in Indonesia, especially Medan, and how to develop the values of multiculturalism among students through history learning. The concept of multicultural education in history learning is then integrated by elaborating local historical studies in the form of culinary development from students’ surroundings. The method used in writing this paper is by developing conceptual ideas through the analysis of literary sources and also oral sources using the historical method. Historical learning that applies multicultural education as a learning goal to instill the values of multiculturalism needs to develop content based on curriculum documents. Core Competencies and Basic Competencies in Indonesian History lessons are the main subjects developed for the aspects of local historical events. This learning management should pay attention to well-formulated planning, organizing, implementation, and evaluation so that the learning objectives can be achieved. The values of multiculturalism formed in students such as recognition, appreciation, and respect, and also learning different cultures through the learning process is believed to be a social capital that can create a harmonization in Indonesia with Bhinneka Tunggal Ika.

Generative prototypes to promote participation in the collaborative design of wearable health technologies

The potential of design artefacts as generative tools is well documented in the early stages of the design process. Yet, how prototypes continue to act generatively in the later stages is less well understood. This paper shares observations from two projects spanning the entire design process, from conceptual ideas to mass-produced objects. Through quotes and observations documenting participants interacting with prototypes, we illustrate the importance of designed physical artefacts as tools to promote expansive conversations with end-users. We find that generative prototypes foster empathy; support decision-making and communication across disciplines; allow participants to enact use and explore user experience within the early stages of a design process and provide permission to imagine possible futures. These findings encourage design practitioners to think about using high-fidelity generative prototypes throughout the design process as a powerful tool for design thinking, collaboration, and co-creation that embrace speculation and playful creativity.

Кино в контексте арт-практики: постскриптум к конференции

On July 2–5, a conference was held (Chelyabinsk region, Miass), dedicated to art practices as a format of philosophizing and technology for developing a philosophical dialogue. The main structural elements of the conference were events that included the analytics of feature films (including author's movie). The formal integrity of the event did not exclude the substantial unity provided by the permanent focus on anthropological issues and, above all, human subjectivity. The latter, in various historical epochs, faces heterogeneous challenges, including existential ones – borderline situations, critical social circumstances, life path uncertainty, progressive technical and technological innovationism and the threat of de-anthropologization. All the cinematographic works presented in a specific manner represented the variations of responses to these challenges. The philosophical and anthropological optics of analysis made it possible to keep the main task of carrying out a philosophical dialogue in focus. The issue of subjectivity and the challenges that call it into question is optimally illustrated in the situation of modernity by means of visual and audiovisual content, which actually includes all the patterns that are significant for today's person – visibility, brevity, stimulation of affects, etc. The philosophical approach allows expanding the thesaurus of art practitioners beyond through the integration of cinematography, which can exist not only in the traditional locus of an independent direction of art, but also as a determinant for the implementation of philosophizing, a step for further development of conceptual ideas and the collaboration with the world philosophical culture.

«New Ukrainian sculpture» and the direction of contemporary Ukrainian art

Galina Sklyarenko’s monograph “New Ukrainian Sculpture” (Kyiv: Abramovych.Art; ArtHuss, 2021. 304 p.: il.), characterized in the article, presents the modern consumer of artistic forms of plastic with a conceptual justification, the effectiveness of the conceptual ideas laid down in the basis of the publication, their relevance for current visual practice and scientific importance for elucidating ways of further movement of forms of Modern Ukrainian Sculpture. The article examines the nature and degree of applicability of the concept of “full-value” in relation to the art analysis of modern sculpture, and also highlights two lines of visualization of concepts in the works of artists represented in the book by H. Sklyarenko: Narrative and Provocative. It is shown that the creative style of N. Bilyk, Dm. Grek, P. Gronsky, V. Protosenya, D. Shumikhin can be attributed to the first line; to the second line — the creative manner of Ye. Zigura, O. Zolotaryov and I. Novgorodov. It is claimed that the effectiveness of the conceptual idea, which is the basis of the publication, its relevance and scientific importance for clarifying the ways of the further movement of the forms of Modern Ukrainian Sculpture, correlates with the conceptual ideas of individual authors whose work is represented by this publication. The merits of the publication, its necessity, the urgency to advance into the public consciousness the phenomena related to the understanding of the narratives of the modern era and their visualization in the voluminous material of the sculpture, cannot be doubted, and the interest in the book that has manifested itself since its release, even in difficult conditions wartime, testifies to its great cultural and scientific importance.

A cloud-based middleware for multi-modal interaction services and applications

Smart devices, such as smart phones, voice assistants and social robots, provide users with a range of input modalities, e.g., speech, touch, gestures, and vision. In recent years, advancements in processing of these input channels enable more natural interaction (e.g., automated speech, face, and gesture recognition, dialog generation, emotion expression etc.) experiences for users. However, there are several important challenges that need to be addressed to create these user experiences. One challenge is that most smart devices do not have sufficient computing resources to execute the Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques locally. Another challenge is that users expect responses in near real-time when they interact with these devices. Moreover, users also want to be able to seamlessly switch between devices and services any time and from anywhere and expect personalized and privacy-aware services. To address these challenges, we design and develop a cloud-based middleware (CMI) which helps to develop multi-modal interaction applications and easily integrate applications to AI services. In this middleware, services developed by different producers with different protocols and smart devices with different capabilities and protocols can be integrated easily. In CMI, applications stream data from devices to cloud services for processing and consume the results. It supports data streaming from multiple devices to multiple services (and vice versa). CMI provides an integration framework for decoupling the services and devices and enabling application developers to concentrate on “interaction” instead of AI techniques. We provide simple examples to illustrate the conceptual ideas incorporated in CMI.

Sõnastades sõnatut / Expressing tacit knowledge

In his review of the Estonian translation of Richard Sennett’s The Craftsman, Urmas Lüüs, from the Estonian Art Academy, expresses his thoughts about the general position of ’material arts’ in the context of Estonian higher art education and the ways the book could help to cast new light on the forms of artistic self-expression that embrace making and skill besides conceptual ideas and design.
 In addition to materiality and technical skills, tacit knowledge is another very important concept addressed by Sennett. Lüüs provides some contemporary examples where tacit knowledge is studied. Some attempts to re-evoke tacit knowledge may not be successful, because they have been passed literally from hand to hand, but the knowledge has perished alongside the growth of industrial production, much like it happened in metal casting for sculptures.
 Lüüs points out that the book nicely pairs up with Jyrki Siukonen’s book Hammer and silence that was translated and published some years earlier and enjoyed very positive reception on behalf of art students. Both books show the way towards accepting the significance of (manual) skills in all types of creative activity.

The Right of the Child to Express Opinion: Content, Procedure and Limits of Implementation

The right of a child to express his opinion has been enshrined in the Convention on the Rights of the Child for more than 30 years and in the Family Code of the Russian Federation for more than 20 years, but there is no uniformity of opinions in the doctrine regarding the procedure and method of exercising this right. Currently, there is a need to realize the right of the child to express his opinion as the legal right to family life. The purpose of the article is to develop conceptual ideas about the content, procedure and limits of the implementation of the child’s right to express his opinion. The achievement of this goal is conditioned by the solution of such tasks as determining the meaning of the child’s expression of his opinion, highlighting significant elements of the procedure for exercising the child’s right to express his opinion. The author applied such research methods as analysis, synthesis, structural and functional analysis, historical and comparative legal analysis. The article defines the content of the child’s right to express his opinion and its elements, identifies the specifics of the order and method, as well as the limits of the exercise of the right under consideration. The author explains the significance of the conscious-volitional element in the choice of behavior within the framework of the exercise of subjective family rights; draws attention to the formation of the child’s opinion and its significance in resolving any issues affecting the interests of the child in the family; highlights significant elements of hearing and taking into account the child’s opinion that affect the process of its formation. The author proposes a general rule that reveals the meaning of the opinion of the child, namely, the identification of the child’s interest in the consideration of family matters; special cases are considered when the child’s opinion has legally significant consequences. The author summarizes that the legal regulation in terms of consolidating the procedure for «hearing the child’s opinion during any court session or administrative proceedings» requires sectoral detail.

Siedentop: A Memoir of the Man from Pomerene Hall

ABSTRACT This paper is a memoir of/for Daryl. A memoir is an historical account or biography written from personal knowledge. It provides my personal account of Daryl, the man, the physical educator, the intellectual, the teacher, and the scholar. In this account I trace Daryl’s work from when I first met him in 1981 and the major conceptual ideas that drove his research and scholarship. I discuss his commitment to behaviour analysis, his integrity and his politics. I try to convey the ways in which he thought about research and the world more generally. I also give an insight into Daryl the advisor and, in particular, what he meant for his international PhD students and how, through them, his influence spread across many countries of the world.

Experience of legal support in electoral processes in Denmark, New Zealand and USA: possibility of use in Ukraine

The aim of the article was to discuss conceptual ideas on the state of legal support of the electoral process in Denmark, New Zealand and the United States, as well as to identify opportunities to use the positive experience of these countries in Ukraine. The article uses such methods as dialectical, comparative law, system-structural, formal-dogmatic, modelling and forecasting. It should be noted that, despite the ability of EU countries to introduce their own electoral legislation and choose the electoral system, the exercise of the right of everyone to vote or be elected is ensured by compliance with international standards of organization and conduct of elections. It is concluded that the countries studied: Denmark, New Zealand and the United States generally adhere to the rule of law and the electoral process is well organized. It is stated that the due legal support of the electoral process is a tool for the formation of legitimate representative bodies of state power and local self-government. In addition, it is proposed to implement in the Ukrainian electoral legislation the positive experience of some countries, as well as to identify possible ways to improve it.

The Chemical Engineering Design of a Commercial Citrus Evaporator for the Production of 6,539.86 kg/hr Orange Juice Concentrate in Lagos, Nigeria, West Africa

Chemical engineers are high in importunity by industries in a wide range of sectors for the following impetus: Based on nominally defined problem statements, such as a client need or a set of experimental ramifications, chemical engineers can devise and gain a profound understanding of fundamental physical science relevant to the enigma, and harness this apprehension to excogitate a comprehensive action plan and a set of detailed specifications that, if implemented, will lead to forecasted financial dividends. In this treatise, as chemical engineers, apply our scientific and mathematical knowledge, specifically chemistry, applied mathematics, and engineering concepts, to translate experimental or conceptual ideas into value-added products in a lucrative, safe (environmentally friendly), and industry-leading manner. Citrus sinensis is the scientific name for orange, a savory and aromatic fruit from the Rutaceae family. The annual global citrus production increased dramatically over the last few decades, from around 30 million metric tonnes in the late 1960s to an estimated total of more than 105 million metric tonnes from 2000 to 2004, with oranges accounting for more than half of total global citrus production. Evaporation is a principle habituated in the processing industry to concentrate aqueous liquid streams by vaporizing the quantity of water content in a solution. The curtailment of energy consumption for evaporation reckoned on multitudinous components, such as evaporation capacity, number of effects, operation efficiency, and annual operation hours. We emphasized burgeoning efficient strategies to curtail the energy consumption of evaporators and alluded that monitoring the rate of energy dissipation guarantee the sustainability of an industrial enterprise. We betokened the heat transfer area was the indispensable criterion in the design of an evaporator and delineated correlations for estimating the size of the tube bundle. Ideally, a well-designed evaporator should be able to transfer heat adeptly at a high flow rate, have the minimum valuation of installation, operation, and maintenance, be able to bifurcate vapors from liquid concentrates, meet the conditions required by the product under treatment, produce a product of a quality required, and, if possible, be energy efficient. The peculiar grade of evaporator adopted was the 5-effect, 8-stage Thermally Accelerated Short Time Evaporator. We embraced the genre of evaporators after investigating their benefits relative to other evaporators used in food processing. In addition, it is fundamental to institute governance to identify benchmarks for optimal distribution based on results obtained by all segments of the production chains and orange juice exporters. This input will benefit the collective national interest and is pivotal for the orange juice industry.

Strengthening Awareness of Post-Identity as Asset for Society 5.0 through Reflective Learning

The background of this article departs from the development of the times that provide opportunities and challenges to humanity in facing the era of society 5.0. The purpose of writing this article is to strengthen post-identity awareness through reflective learning in the subject of civic education (Pkn). The writing of this article uses conceptual ideas. Society 5.0 wants to create a community that truly enjoys life. Social reform in society 5.0 will create an ever-changing society by having foresight, a society that upholds tolerance, and a society where every person can lead an active and enjoyable life. Reflective learning has five hierarchies of thought processes, including 1) reporting, 2) responding, 3) relating, 4) reasoning and 5) reconstructing. Reflective learning strengthens the post-identity awareness of students in the face of the era of society 5.0. Post-identity consciousness has a relationship with the concept of global diversity. To achieve global diversity, students must be able to reflect and be responsible for the experience of diversity and social justice. This post-identity awareness is capital for strengthening tolerance and caring for Indonesian pluralism to welcome the life of the society 5.0 era. The direction of civic education and society 5.0 has the same mission of realizing a humanist order of society.