Conceptual Architectural Design Research Articles

Impact of Architectural Design Concept Source on Application Level of Interior Design

Architectural education nowadays is considered one of the most important fields in architecture. The origin of learning in architecture is about the objective perception of the architectural concept in terms of its sources and levels of application. This research is generating from the question of the existence possibility effects of the architectural concept source in its application level to get to the essence that is forming from the architectural concept. The theories that dealt with this idea clarified a fragmented description which produces a knowledge gap. The problem statement of the research represented by the lack of knowledge that concerned with the effect of the architectural concept source on the application levels. The results of the case study were supporting the research hypothesis in the field of interior design. Cases were selected based on the clarity of their elements and levels of design. The search concluded that the concept source that is representing by the analogy symbolic concept, the analogy between nature and the project- was the most affected in the floor plan level.

Design performance and designer preference in an interactive, data-driven conceptual building design scenario

Various interactive optimization techniques have been proposed to simultaneously consider quantitative and qualitative goals in conceptual architectural design. However, more research is required to understand the effects of these techniques on design processes and outcomes at the building scale, when substantial building performance simulations are considered. This paper presents a design study involving 34 participants who engaged with live feedback from surrogate models of structural and energy performance, while producing conceptual building geometries in several digital design environments. This study reveals that performance-enabled environments tend to improve simulated design objectives, while designers often prefer more flexibility than traditional automated optimization approaches when given the choice. Together, these preliminary findings encourage further development of interactive approaches to multi-objective early building design.

Cognification of Program Synthesis—A Systematic Feature-Oriented Analysis and Future Direction

Program synthesis is defined as a software development step aims at achieving an automatic process of code generation that is satisfactory given high-level specifications. There are various program synthesis applications built on Machine Learning (ML) and Natural Language Processing (NLP) based approaches. Recently, there have been remarkable advancements in the Artificial Intelligent (AI) domain. The rise in advanced ML techniques has been remarkable. Deep Learning (DL), for instance, is considered an example of a currently attractive research field that has led to advances in the areas of ML and NLP. With this advancement, there is a need to gain greater benefits from these approaches to cognify synthesis processes for next-generation model-driven engineering (MDE) framework. In this work, a systematic domain analysis is conducted to explore the extent to the automatic generation of code can be enabled via the next generation of cognified MDE frameworks that support recent DL and NLP techniques. After identifying critical features that might be considered when distinguishing synthesis systems, it will be possible to introduce a conceptual design for the future involving program synthesis/MDE frameworks. By searching different research database sources, 182 articles related to program synthesis approaches and their applications were identified. After defining research questions, structuring the domain analysis, and applying inclusion and exclusion criteria on the classification scheme, 170 out of 182 articles were considered in a three-phase systematic analysis, guided by some research questions. The analysis is introduced as a key contribution. The results are documented using feature diagrams as a comprehensive feature model of program synthesis showing alternative techniques and architectures. The achieved outcomes serve as motivation for introducing a conceptual architectural design of the next generation of cognified MDE frameworks.

Designing co-living housing with green and ecology architecture concept

Architecture has a major role in the issue of global warming today. Therefore, the architects began to endorse the concept of ecological architecture and green building design. This study aims to examine a project of a co-living boarding house in sub-urban area of jakarta based on ecological and green architecture principle theories by Sim Van Der Ryn and Stuart Cowan as well as Robert and Brenda Vale. Both principles were used to identify the ecological and green design parameters to test the boarding house. Results of the study revealed that there are 4 parameters of ecological-green architecture design, such as nature should be the main actor of the design; nature becomes a solution for every problem in the site; honor the user by involved them as a designer; and be a climate conscious building by conserving energy. From the examination conducted, it is also revealed that the boarding house qualified as an ecologic and green architecture design.

The study of application of the green architectural design concept at residential area in Jakarta

The developers of residential areas generally promote a theme in marketing their residential units. Likewise, one of many developers in West Jakarta markets its residential area with the Green theme. The purpose of this study is to identify the application of the green architectural design concept in building design and neighborhood at residential area. This research uses descriptive method through survey and field observation. The results showed that almost all criteria of the green concepts have been applied on building design and neighborhood with classical modern style related with theme of the cluster. The criteria are Appropriate Site Development, Energy Efficiency and Conservation, Water Conservation, Indoor Health and Comfort, and Building Environment Management. The use of renewable local materials (bamboo and wood) is not widely applied in home design. But the selection of modern materials follows the green standard, which is material that is already eco-material certified. The supply of building materials also comes from the area around the housing, so it does not use a lot of fossil energy.

Aesthetic Philosophy of Art Resilience as a Global Art Movement and its Impact on Contemporary Interior Design

Both creative and technical aspects of interior design are influenced by contemporary global art movements and trends. Some of these movements and trends are exaggerated to the point of fantasia, others are applicable, objective and influential to societal advancement, considering cultural identity and ruling standards. Of those trends that express the latter is Art Resilience, founded in Paris in 2014, the birthplace of most modern movements of the world. It was natural for the movement to influence modern and contemporary architecture and interior design concepts in terms of their creative and applied aspects. This is due to the movement’s interest in reestablishing the aesthetic values of artistic work and design, in light of the current cultural and social developments, the art resilience movement interprets the stage of perception and judgment on design as follows. A vision of all (ontology) appears where the subject (viewer) and the object (work) are one entity. At that moment, there is no space for a simple taste, but the life experience of both the designer and the recipient is reflected. Research Problem: • The emergence of some works of interior design express the taste of its interior designer without considering the ruling concepts and aesthetic dimension, also neglecting cultural heritage. All the aforementioned go against the Art Resilience movement’s concepts and must be highlighted. Research aim: • This paper aims to shed light on how this movement and its principles impacted interior design. Research Hypotheses: • Art is an expression of consciousness of existence, and beauty is its basis. • Interior design as an artistic product influenced by artistic and intellectual movements. • Interior design as a work of art is measurable and applicable. Research Results: • Both the artist and the designer are responsible for presenting their works under the aesthetics of art and design and not comical representations and personal passions without neglecting the personality of the artist and designer. • Art Resilience movement calls to the adaptation to cultural, social and political changes in art and design without ignoring the role of aesthetics and the basics of art and the preservation of cultural heritage.

A Conceptual Architectural Design Process For Ventilation In Built Environment

A Conceptual Architectural Design Process For Ventilation In Built Environment

The Interpretation Center “Hillfort Odoevskoe”

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the possibility of recreating the architectural and artistic image of the historical landscape, which has the status of an archaeological monument of the XVII century and includes a wooden fortress of the XVI–XVII centuries. In the recreated fortress, it is planned to organize an interpretive center “Hillfort Odoevskoe”.
 Materials and methods. The research consisted of the field surveys, the study of historical, historical-architectural, local literary sources, documents, and identification of quantitative parameters necessary for the reconstruction of the fortress, as well as the use of these data in the conceptual architectural design. There is a lack of sources on the research subject. The discovered records mention the hillfort only in the context of general and local history. The research was carried out at the level of archaeological exploration; no iconographic materials were found.
 Results. The study has found the possibility of a reconstruction of Odoev wooden fortress and proposed the concept of the architectural organization of the interpretation center “Odoevskoe settlement”. The research emphasized the importance of this recreation to increase the expressiveness of the urban composition, enrichment, and development of the functional structure of Odoev town. Odoevskaya fortress was a part of the Tula or Big zasechnaya line. Its creation in the XVI century and reconstruction in the XVII century were significant for the development of the state strategic measures . The passport of the hillfort monument states that it is of interest to reconstruct of the general system of fortifications of the XVII century. Odoevskaya fortress is a rare example of preserved natural and historical relief, the territory of which is free from buildings. The paper presents the rough plan and general characteristics of the hillfort reconstruction project. It also considered the proposals on the possibility of using structures with the allocation of several functional zones.
 Conclusions. The study positively estimates the possibility of recreating the architectural and artistic image of the historical landscape, including the fortress of the XVI–XVII centuries and using the territory and constructions to organize the interpretation center.

A Cross-disciplinary Approach to BIM-based Façade Design for Wind Performance

This paper examines a cross-disciplinary approach to a high-rise façade design proposal for Hong Kong where the initial architectural design concept provides a negotiable boundary for an architectural engineering design process. A crucial aspect ofthisprocessistheconsiderationofhighwindloadsonthefaçade,as they frequently occurinHongKongduetoregularlyoccurringtyphoons.Designforwindperformance is typically outside of the expertise of architectural designers and thus requires close collaboration between architects and structural engineers. Conventionally trained structural engineers may however not be accustomed to work with unusual building form or to consider architectural design ideas as part of engineering proposals. In the context of this paper, building information modeling (BIM) is used to facilitate cross-disciplinary dialogue as well as interdisciplinary workflows during the early design stages.

Optimization of building form to reduce incident solar radiation

In recent years, concerns about global warming have encouraged researchers to incorporate optimization techniques into the design of energy-efficient buildings. Designing a building with energy consumption in mind, design teams should apply the appropriate considerations at the early architectural conceptual design stage. Furthermore, constructing buildings that are energy-efficient results in using less natural resources to cool buildings. Since the impact of solar radiation is a key factor in building energy, reducing insolation (incident solar radiation) is critical for energy-efficient buildings. To alleviate the energy concerns in energy-efficient buildings, this paper proposes an optimization approach to study energy-efficient building form that minimizes insolation while preserving the required total built area. Furthermore, a software system is built with the optimization in the back end and a user interface for experimenting with different design parameters and visualizing the resulting building form. The tool can be used by architectural design teams to design energy-efficient buildings. Due to the large number of design variables in a building and the nonlinear constrained characteristics, the optimization uses the computationally efficient Penalty Successive Linear Programming (PSLP) technique. PSLP is used to solve the large nonlinear optimization problem via a sequence of Linear Programs (LPs) to generate the optimized building form with low computational expense. The optimization and software system are illustrated using real scenarios from several countries while considering different building laws. A complete validation process is undertaken using the CPLEX and MATLAB software. Results show that the optimization tool provides up to 48% less insolation while still meeting different site and building constraints.

Oodi – Helsinki Central Library: Making the architectural vision a reality

ABSTRACTThe Helsinki Central Library is a landmark project, delivered as part of the “Finland 100” programme to celebrate 100 years of the independence of Finland. ALA architects delivered the winning entry to the architectural competition held in 2013. In 2014 Ramboll Finland won the structural design contract for the project, taking the project from conceptual architectural design through to completion of construction in 2018.The main structural system is fundamentally a steel frame solution designed to Eurocode. Two EXC4 classified, 109m span, tilted arches carry the two main floors and roof of the building. Post‐tensioned cables tie the bases of the arches to provide a tied‐arch structure. Other post‐tensioned cables in the floor system and concrete cores hold the tilting arches in position. Transverse trusses allow the cantilevering balcony to be delivered. 2400t of steel have been used to deliver the main frame structural solution.With careful and considered design, fabrication and construction, high quality to good tolerances and stringent requirements have been successfully achieved.An overview of the bridge‐like structural system that has been conceived and developed for the project shall be presented. Some of the challenges encountered and resolved in the design shall be discussed, as well as an overview of key decisions made to handle project delivery budget and timetable requirements.

Research on Site Selection of Ecological Buildings Based on GIS Technology

The design and construction of buildings have a great negative impact on the natural environment. For the sustainable development of human society, the use of ecological architecture design occupies a very important position in the concept of architectural design at this stage. Because ecological buildings can protect the environment, save energy, and develop in harmony with nature. However, due to various problems in site selection and design of ecological buildings, there are relatively few examples of using ecological buildings in real life. In this paper, an effective method of ecological building site selection based on GIS (Geographic Information System) and BP neural network technology is proposed, which effectively solves various problems in the process of ecological building site selection.

Architectural design concept and guidelines for floating structures for tackling sea level rise impacts on Abu-Qir

Previous studies indicate that floating structures developed through the last decades concluding that it’s the most sustainable solution against sea level rise (SLR), preferring it to land reclamation approaches regarding sustainability, lifespan, and cost-effectiveness, that Egyptian researches seem to disregard. This paper guides architects and urban planners when designing floating structures by introducing new approach of floating community model and architectural design guidelines for floating structures for tackling SLR impacts on Abu-Qir. To illustrate such approach, this paper initially conducts analysis on Abu-Qir and coastal management solutions practiced as their properties provide the required knowledge for selecting the best mitigation solution for such area. Second, it conducts exploratory analysis to investigate floating structures as a more sustainable and long-term solution. Third, applying conclusions from previous sections of site analysis, mitigation solutions, and floating structures to define a floating community concept model for Abu-Qir. Findings support key arguments that traditional mitigation methods aren’t sustainable or long-term solutions. Analysis demonstrate Abu-Qir Bay as the most vulnerable area to SLR. Although floating structures have demonstrated not to be the optimum solution in every case regarding cost-effectiveness and/or site suitability, however upon site analysis, it presents itself as the ideal solution for Abu-Qir bay.

Nested Explorative Maps: A new 3D canvas for conceptual design in architecture

In this digital age, architects still need to alternate between paper sketches and 3D modeling software for their designs. Indeed, while 3D models enable to explore different views, creating them at very early stages might reduce creativity since they do not allow to superpose several tentative designs nor to refine them progressively, as sketches do. To enable exploratory design in 3D, we introduce Nested Explorative Maps, a new system dedicated to interactive design in architecture. Our model enables coarse to fine sketching of nested architectural structures, enabling to progressively sketch a 3D building from floor plan to interior design, thanks to a series of nested maps able to spread in 3D. Each map allows the visual representation of uncertainty as well as the interactive exploration of the alternative, tentative options. We validate the model through a user study conducted with professional architects, enabling us to highlight the potential of Nested Explorative Maps for conceptual design in architecture.

ACOUSTIC PLANNING OF URBAN SPACE

Urban planning requires multiple instruments to organize a city. The growth process requires adapt to political, economic, technological changes, incorporating urban factors, architectural design concepts, and also acoustic, for public and private space more friendly with the environment. Noise as pollutant of public and private space, generated mainly by vehicular traffic, increases noise by the presence of buildings on both sides of streets, depending on its shape, materiality, height, and distance between facades. Direct sound when reflected in facades returns as a secondary source. These multiple reflections added to the direct sound, produce a "residual noise". Then time variable, when the passage of vehicles is continuous, an observer can define a linear source in constant generation. The persistence of the noise can reach 3 seconds. Original source, residual noise and the persistence of noise over time its the phenomenon called environmental noise, associated with the design and shape of cities.

Towards Zero-Energy Housing in Egypt

As the Egyptian population is increasing at a huge rate, the yearly housing demand is increasing in an equivalent rate. In addition, the whole world is suffering from an energy crises caused by the rapidly increasing consumption of world’s traditional energy resources, so the obvious solution is to go green, and depend much more on renewable energy resources. According to the statistical data available in Egyptian governmental authorities, the accumulated housing demand till 2014 was about 2,400,000 units. On the other hand, the yearly housing supply from private and public sectors is about 150,000 to 200,000 unit, Egyptian authorities declared that at summer 2010 air-conditioning devices increased to reach 3.000.000 ( three million) devices all over Egypt, mostly working from early mornings till 2 am next day to adjust temperatures that reach up to (45C) and more outside buildings to reach (25 C) or less inside. This behavior increased electricity consumption rapidly. Consequently, the electricity consumption rate in Egypt had increased by 13% more than 2009, which exceeds the maximum capacity power of the high dam by 7% to 8%, ministry of electricity announcements declared that to fill that gab we need 3000 megawatts at peak hours which costs the electricity sector up to 16.000.000.000 l.E. Accordingly, a new architectural design concept is proposed (Zero-Energy Housing Unit) to rely on the surrounding environmental conditions and new Green Architecture Techniques in order to provide human comfort based on renewable energy sources, provided that the common current governmental energy sources will be a backup system for the meanwhile.

Research progress of physical model of full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration system

Magnetic refrigeration is a kind of energy-saving, environment-friendly and intrinsically-high-efficient refrigeration technology, which has a wide application prospect. At present, the magnetic refrigeration systems based on active magnetic regenerator cycle have been widely studied and many prototypes of refrigerators have been developed. However, fluids and gases are mainly applied to heat exchange in these systems, which brings some problems such as low operating frequency, large regenerative loss, and complicated sub-component design. These problems increase the cost and reduce the efficiency of magnetic refrigerators. In view of the above problems and challenges, researchers try to introduce the solid-state heat transfer enhancement mechanism, and to design and optimize the full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration system model. In this paper, the development process of magnetic refrigeration technology at room temperature is briefly introduced at first. And the reasons for the low operating frequency and efficiency of the magnetic refrigerator, caused by using fluids for heat exchange, are analyzed. Then, two types of solid-state heat exchange media are briefly described, which are thermal diodes (i.e., electric-field-controlled thermal diode and magnetic-field-controlled thermal diode) and high thermal-conductivity material elements. In this paper we review the research progress of the full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration model based on thermal diodes and high thermal-conductivity material elements. Some key items for these models are described in detail, such as the architectural design concept, physical mechanism and working principle, the main performance simulation results of these systems and their physical change rules. Then, the main performances (i.e. operating frequency, specific cooling power, temperature span, and coefficient of performance) of the full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration model and the AMR model are summarized and comparatively analyzed. It shows that the full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration system can work at high frequency and has greater specific-cooling-power. Meanwhile the design of full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration system is more compact and simpler. The characteristics and problems of the two types of solid heat exchange media are also analyzed. Due to the strong thermal transport capability, easy access and integration of thermoelectric elements, the full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration technology based on thermoelectric thermal diodes has greater application potential. Finally, the main research directions and key scientific problems for further studying the full-solid-state magnetic refrigeration field are discussed and analyzed.

Assessment Of Morphological Analysis Of Iraqi Traditional Courtyards Houses

The traditional Iraqi courtyards house demonstrates fundamentals principles in term of construction, its spatial organization and design can be compared with the modern home. The research claims the current housing design in Iraq does not fulfill the cultural and the social need of their residence; the traditional courtyard houses have manifested that in the uniqueness form in the plan. This research attempts to analyze the historical and traditional courtyard house as the arisen construction of houses in Iraq. The research objective is to document the architectural forms of the courtyards houses in Iraq. The form of the house is one of the aspects to be studied and understood as it measures and establishes the architecture design concept of these dwellings. Morphological study on the form of eight case studies of the Iraqi Traditional Courtyards Houses has been utilized. The aim is to discuss and inspect the uniqueness of these units that served their residences for decades. Additionally, the author used computer software (AutoCAD and 3d Max) to redraw the cases to be more representative. The study’s significance is to add a distinct understanding among designers, planners and decision-makers to put into consideration the future architecture of houses design and to preserve the traditional houses from vanishing. The findings revealed that privacy has a great influence on the design layout of the traditional house which presented in the simplicity of design and the separation between zones.

Visual Evaluation and Analysis of the Architecture for Scenic Tours Based on Psychophysical Methods

As part of the infrastructure to facilitate tourist activities, the architecture for scenic tours is a key component of the landscape in scenic spots. The design and construction quality of such architecture has an important impact on tourist satisfaction. Through psychophysical methods and environment preference theory, this work conducts visual evaluation and analysis for a certain amount of the architecture for scenic tours in an attempt to locate the main factors of influencing public preference of such architecture and to better guide future design and construction of such architecture. In addition, this work combines the architectural design concepts and institutions of American and Taiwan national parks to propose a design policy of the architecture for scenic tours at the institutional level. The policy serves as management and policy-making reference for the administrative department for scenic tours.

The New Urbanism Principle of Quality Architecture and Urban Design Versus Place Identity. A Case Study of Val D’Europe and the Manufaktura Complex

This article contributes to the New Urbanism debate by considering the relationship between the identity of a place and quality in architecture and urban design. It combines a general theoretical discussion and an operational analysis with a comparative study of two commercial centres: Manufaktura in Łódź (Poland) and Val d’Europe in Marne-la-Vallée (France). It concludes that while the guidelines of New Urbanism can help both private investors and public stakeholders make better strategic decisions, according to the concept of quality architecture and urban design, its framework should be applied with care for community needs and the historical character of the city.