Conceptual Ability Research Articles

The relationship between hardiness and conceptual abilities

The relationship between hardiness and conceptual abilities

The Effect of Using Virtual Laboratories Using the Guided Discovery Learning Model on Students' Conceptual Understanding of Static Electricity Material

This study aims to test or examine the effect of the use of virtual laboratories using the Guided Discovery Learning model on students' conceptual understanding abilities in static electricity material. This type of research is a quasi-experimental study with a nonequivalent control group research design. The population in this study were all students of class XII of SMAN 1 Monta. The sampling technique used in this study was purposive sampling with class XII MIPA 2 consisting of 28 students as the experimental class and class XII MIPA 1 consisting of 28 students as the control class. Before and after the treatment, both classes were given a conceptual understanding ability test in the form of essay questions that had previously been tested for their feasibility with validity, reliability, difficulty level of questions, and discriminatory power. The results of the initial test (Pretest) and final test (Posttest) of conceptual understanding ability were analyzed for homogeneity and normality to conduct a hypothesis test. The analysis of the hypothesis test using the t-test obtained a t_count of 3.49 and a t_table of 2.00. Thus, the calculated t_value is greater than the t_table, so H_0 is rejected and H_a is accepted, so it can be concluded that there is an influence of the use of virtual laboratories using the Guided Discovery Learning model on students' conceptual understanding abilities in static electricity material.

PENGARUH MODEL DISCOVERY LEARNING BERBANTUAN MEDIA ANIMASI TERHADAP PENINGKATAN KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP PESERTA DIDIK

This study aims to determine the effect of the discovery learning model assisted by animation media on students' conceptual understanding abilities in science lessons at SDN Cipinang 2 semester II of the 2023/2024 academic year. The subjects of this study were 15 students in class V A and 15 in class V B. The research method used by the author is a quasi-experiment with observation and test research techniques. The data analysis technique used SPSS Statistic 27.0 for Windows software with normality tests, homogeneity tests, and hypothesis tests using t-tests. From the results of the hypothesis test, it was concluded that there was no difference between the pretest of the control class and the experimental class and there was a difference between the posttest of the control class and the experimental class. Then the results of the N-Gain test in the experimental class obtained an average result of 82.4% in the high category, so the use of the discovery learning model was quite effective. Furthermore, the results of the effect size calculation obtained significant results from the use of the discovery learning model assisted by animation media to improve students' conceptual understanding abilities, with a result of 0.9 including the large category. Based on these facts, the author concludes that the discovery learning model assisted by animation media has an influence on the conceptual understanding ability of students at SDN Cipinang 2.

Evaluation of early treatment with intravenous idursulfase and intrathecal idursulfase-IT on cognitive function in siblings with neuronopathic mucopolysaccharidosis II.

Mucopolysaccharidosis II (MPS II; Hunter syndrome; OMIM 309900) is a rare, X-linked, heterogeneous lysosomal storage disease. Approximately two-thirds of patients develop cognitive impairment, which is difficult to assess in clinical trials, partly owing to the variable nature of cognitive impairment. Analyzing data from siblings can help to minimize this heterogeneity. We report analyses of cognitive function from siblings with MPS II enrolled in clinical trials: a natural history study (NCT01822184), a randomized, open-label, phase 2/3 study of intravenous (IV) idursulfase with or without intrathecal idursulfase (idursulfase-IT; NCT02055118), and its extension (NCT2412787). Cognitive function was assessed using Differential Abilities Scales, Second Edition General Conceptual Ability (DAS-II GCA) scores; Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition; and Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, Second Edition Adaptive Behavior Composite (VABS-II ABC). Seven sets of siblings (six pairs and one set of three) were included. All patients received IV idursulfase and 10 received subsequent idursulfase-IT. Younger siblings initiated IV idursulfase at an earlier age than their older sibling(s) in six of the sets; the younger sibling started treatment before 1 year of age in three sets. Monthly idursulfase-IT was generally associated with a stabilization of cognitive function: DAS-II GCA and VABS-II ABC scores were higher at age-matched assessments in the majority of those who either received idursulfase-IT earlier than their sibling or who received idursulfase-IT versus no idursulfase-IT. These data suggest that early initiation of intrathecal enzyme replacement therapy may stabilize or slow cognitive decline in some patients with neuronopathic MPS II.

KEMAMPUAN PEMAHAMAN KONSEP MATEMATIS SISWA DIRINJAU DARI TIPE KEPRIBADIAN FLORENCE LITTAUER

The role of mathematics is not only to involve students in understanding the material thoroughly, but also to train them to think creatively and logically and to be able to carry out mathematical skills with daily activities, which is known as Concept Understanding Ability. This research aims to describe students' conceptual understanding abilities in solving mathematics problems on fractional numbers based on Florence Littauer's personality type. The research method used is descriptive with a qualitative approach. Data was collected through tests of students' mathematical literacy skills and interviews. The research subjects were two class VII students at MTs Nurul Bahri for the 2023/2024 academic year who were selected based on personality type. The data obtained was then analyzed qualitatively by paying attention to indicators of the ability to understand mathematical concepts

The Influence of the Problem Based Learning Model Assisted by Booklet Media on the Understanding Conceptual Ability of Class V Elementary School Students on Water Cycle Material

This research aims to determine the effect of the problem based learning model assisted by booklet media on the understanding conceptual ability of fifth grade elementary school students in the water cycle material at SDN 03 Dungun Laut, Jawai District for the 2023/2024 academic year. The type of research used was quantitative research using a quasi experimental design method with a post-test only control group design. The population of this study was all class V students at SDN 03 Dungun Laut, totaling 40 students. The sample for this research was class V with a total of 40 students consisting of class VA with 18 students as the experimental class and class VB with 22 students as the control class. The collection techniques used in this research were test and non-test techniques. The tests used were post-test questions, while non-tests used student response questionnaires, and observation sheets on the implementation of learning activities. The data analysis techniques in this research were the two independent sample t-test, effect size test, and descriptive percentage analysis. The results of the research showed that: (1) There was a difference in students' conceptual understanding between classes that use the problem based learning model assisted by booklet media and classes that are given a direct learning model on water cycle material in class V SDN 03 Dungun Laut with tcount = 2.462 > ttable = 2.024; (2) The influence of the problem based learning model assisted by booklet media on students' science understanding conceptual ability was 0.4 with medium criteria; (3) The implementation of the problem based learning model assisted by booklet media in science learning for class V elementary school was classified as very good with a percentage of 90%; (4) Students response were positive to the problem based learning model assisted by booklet media in science lessons for class V elementary school was 81% with very good criteria. So it could be concluded that the problem based learning model assisted by booklet media had an influence on students' understanding conceptual ability of Natural Science (IPA) in class V water cycle material at SDN 03 Dungun Laut.

Development of Interactive Multimedia Based on ISpring Suite with Corrective Feedback to Improve Student’s Conceptual Understanding Ability

The ability to understand mathematical concepts are one of the abilities that must be achieved. Based on the results of the initial test, the conceptual understanding ability of class IX students at one of schools in Magelang are relatively low. The aim of this research was to produce iSpring Suite-based learning multimedia products with valid, practical and effective corrective feedback in improving students' concept understanding abilities. The research belongs to research and development using the Borg and Gall model. The results of the validity test were 88.44% by material experts in the "very valid" category, and 80.77% by multimedia experts in the "very valid" category. The results of the practicality test were based on the results of the student response questionnaire with an average score percentage of 90% in the "very practical" category, then based on the teacher response questionnaire with a percentage of 88% in the "very practical" category, and based on learning implementation questionnaire, the score was 93.33% with the "very good" category. The results of the test involving 32 students based on the N-Gain were 0.71 in the high improvement category, and the Wilcoxon test obtained Z = -4.941. So, interactive multimedia based on ISpring Suite with Corrective Feedback are valid, practical and effective to improve junior high school students' concept understanding skills in quadratic equation material.

HIV-related cognitive disorders in children in Kinshasa (Democratic Republic of Congo)

ObjectivesHIV-infected individuals are at increased risk of neurocognitive disorders compared with the general population. Studies suggest that, despite the combination of antiretroviral drugs, HIV infection causes immune activation leading to significant neural damage; however, there is little data on HIV-infected young people in our country.MethodologyThis is a comparative cross-sectional study conducted between November 2020 and March 2021 on two hundred and sixteen children aged 6–15 years, including 106 HIV-positive children and 108 healthy children. Cognitive performance was assessed using the Differential Ability Scale Second Edition (DAS-II).ResultsHIV-infected children showed lower cognitive scores than control children in the subtest group of verbal ability (82.1% vs. 43.5%); non-verbal ability (84.9% vs. 45.4%); spatial ability (79.2% vs. 21.3%) and generall conceptual ability (GCA) (88.7% vs. 43.5%). The children in the control group had significantly higher ability scores in the diagnostic tests and in school achievement, and the difference was statistically significant.ConclusionCognitive impairment remains a significant complication in HIV-positive children, as suggested by low cognitive scores in more than half of our participants. This is an unresolved issue with implications for survival, quality of life and daily functioning in these children. It is important that clinicians are able to identify and manage these cognitive deficits.

Development of Blog-Based Learning Media With Sarong Context on Lines and Angles Material

This study aims to produce learning media based on blogs with the context of covers on lines and angles material using the PMRI approach which was valid, practical and has a potential effect on the ability to understand mathematical concepts in class VII students of SMP LTI IGM Palembang. The research method used was the development research method using the Tessmer flow (1993) which consists of the preliminary stage (preparation and design stages) and the formative evaluation stage, namely self-evaluation, expert review, one-to-one, small group and field tests). Data collection was carried out using validation sheets, questionnaires, interviews and tests. From the results of the study it was concluded that the blog-based mathematics learning media developed was qualitatively valid in terms of comments and suggestions from the validator, besides that quantitatively the percentage of validity was 4.129 and practically both qualitatively and quantitatively by looking at the comments and suggestions it was stated that blog-based learning media was practically used and the result of the analysis of the practical average of the questionnaire calculation is 76.263. Then the results of a high potential effect on students' conceptual understanding abilities with an average of 82.033.

The Role of Sympathetic School Culture as Moderator on Managerial Conceptual Ability and Teaching Engagement of Teachers

The current study was set evaluate whether sympathetic school culture significantly moderates the interaction between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers. In this study, the researcher selected the 198 public elementary school teachers in Talomo-A District, Davao Oriental as the respondents of the study. Stratified random sampling technique was utilized in the selection of the respondents. Non-experimental quantitative research design using descriptive-correlational method was employed. The data collected were subjected to the following statistical tools: Mean, Pearson Moment Product Correlation, and Hierarchical Regression Analysis. Descriptive analysis showed that managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers were described as extensive, while sympathetic school culture was rated as moderately extensive. Further, partial correlation analysis demonstrated that there is a significant relationship between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers in Talomo-A District, Davao City when moderated by sympathetic school culture. Evidently, heirarchical regression analysis proved that sympathetic school culture significantly moderates the interaction between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers in Talomo A District, Davao City. In other words, sympathetic school culture is a significant moderator on the between managerial conceptual ability and teaching engagement of teachers.

Narrative gaslighting

ABSTRACT Self-narration, many philosophers assume, makes important contributions to our mental lives. Two views on self-narration can be distinguished. On the internalistic view, self-narration unfolds in the secluded mind and does not require overt communication. On the situated view, self-narration often depends on the conversational interaction with an interlocutor. The situated view has many advantages over its internalistic rival, including theoretical consistency and empirical plausibility. Yet, research on situated conversational self-narration has been shaped by a harmony bias, which consists in the tacit assumption that interlocutors contribute to self-narration in ways that are beneficial and supportive, rather than malicious and harmful. This paper seeks to mitigate the harmony bias by considering the phenomenon of gaslighting, which is characterized by an interlocutor’s erosion of someone’s sense of epistemic and moral competence. In cases of narrative gaslighting, this erosion proceeds by maliciously interfering with the self-narrator’s mnemonic, interpretational, and conceptual abilities. Bringing together research on situated self-narration and gaslighting for the first time, it will be argued that the emerging account of narrative gaslighting has important implications for both.

Penerapan model pembelajaran RADEC untuk meningkatkan pemahaman konsep pada materi sistem pernapasan manusia Siswa Kelas V SD

Conceptual understanding ability is a skill in which students can explain a matter or concept of knowledge with their personal understanding. However, students' conceptual understanding related to science learning, especially on the material of the human respiratory system is still lacking. This study aims to determine how the application of the RADEC learning model in improving concept understanding in human respiratory system material for grade V elementary school students. This research used experimental method with quasi experimental design nonequivalent control groups design. The results showed that the pretest of students' concept understanding ability was highest with a score of 60 with an average score of 33. After the application of the RADEC learning model, the posttest value of students' concept understanding was highest in the very good category with a score of 100 with an average score of 82. The increase in students' understanding of concepts in human respiratory system material after applying the RADEC learning model has increased significantly as evidenced by the n-gain results on students' pretest and posttest scores with a result of 0.72 which is in the high category indicating that there is an increase in understanding of high category concepts after the application of the RADEC learning model of human respiratory system material.

THE INFLUENCE OF A PROBLEM-BASED LEARNING MODEL ASSISTED BY SPIN WHEEL MEDIA ON THE CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING ABILITY OF CLASS IV PRIMARY STUDENTS IN THE ENERGY SOURCES MATERIAL

This research aimed to (1) know the differences in conceptual understanding between students using a Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model assisted by spinning wheel media and students using the conventional method in energy resources material, (2) describe the influence of the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media 4th-grade elementary school students on the conceptual understanding ability of energy sources, and (3) describe students' responses on the implementation PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media on energy source material. The type of research used was quasi-experimental research with a quantitative approach. The population in this study was all class IV students, totalling 57 students. Sampling used a total sampling technique. The sample selected in this research was class IV B students, totalling 29 students in the experimental class and 28 class IV A students in the control class. The instruments used in this research were conceptual understanding ability test sheets and student response questionnaires. The data analysis technique used a two-independent sample t-test, effect size, and percentage of student response questionnaires. The results of the research showed that (1) there was a difference in the conceptual understanding ability of students who used the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media with students who used the conventional method on energy source material with the result tcount > ttable = 3.5146 > 2.004, (2) the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media had a high influence on the conceptual understanding fourth-grade students on energy sources material with an effect size result of 0.967; (3) students response were positive to PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media with a percentage of 93% in the very high category. So, the results from this study can be concluded that there was an influence of the PBL model assisted by Spin Wheel media on students' conceptual understanding ability on energy sources material.

Efektivitas Model Pembelajaran Examples Non Examples dengan Media Geogebra terhadap Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Matematika Siswa

This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of students' conceptual understanding abilities at SMPN 16 Semarang in spatial construction material by utilizing the example non-example learning model with GeoGebra media. This research uses an experimental design with a posttest-only control group and is a form of quantitative research. Class VIIIH was used as the experimental class, and class VIIIG was used as the control class. Samples were obtained using a cluster random sampling approach. Tests and documentation are used in research data collection procedures. The results showed that the average post-test score for experimental class students was while the average post-test score for control class students was From the t-test calculations, the values obtained are and with a sig value. 0.05. Students in the experimental class showed a better level of understanding of mathematical concepts than students in the control group; this can be seen from the findings, which show that tcount > ttable. Therefore, it can be concluded that the Example Non-example model, which utilizes geogebra media increases students' conceptual understanding of spatial construction material.

Language and sensory characteristics are reflected in voice-evoked responses in low birth weight children.

Children born with very low birth weight (VLBW) are at higher risk for cognitive impairment, including language deficits and sensorimotor difficulties. Voice-evoked response (P1m), which has been suggested as a language development biomarker in young children, remains unexplored for its efficacy in VLBW children. Furthermore, the relation between P1m and sensory difficulties in VLBW children remains unclear. 40 children with VLBW were recruited at 5-to-6 years old (26 male, 14 female, mean age of months ± SD, 80.0 ± 4.9). We measured their voice-evoked brain response using child-customized magnetoencephalography (MEG) and examined the relation between P1m and language conceptual inference ability and sensory characteristics. The final sample comprised 36 children (23 boys, 13 girls; ages 61-86 months; gestational ages 24-36 weeks). As a result of multiple regression analysis, voice-evoked P1m in the left hemisphere was correlated significantly with language ability (β = 0.414 P = 0.015) and sensory hypersensitivity (β = 0.471 P = 0.005). Our findings indicate that the relation between P1m and language conceptual inference ability observed in term children in earlier studies is replicated in VLBW children, and suggests P1m intensity as a biomarker of sensory sensitivity characteristics. We investigated brain functions related to language development and sensory problems in very low birth-weight children. In very low birth weight children at early school age, brain responses to human voices are associated with language conceptual inference ability and sensory hypersensitivity. These findings promote a physiological understanding of both language development and sensory characteristics in very low birth weight children.

Rational adaptation in word production: Strong conceptual ability reduces the effect of lexical impairments on verb retrieval in aphasia

Language users rely on both linguistic and conceptual processing abilities to efficiently comprehend or produce language. According to the principle of rational adaptation, the degree to which a cognitive system relies on one process vs. another can change under different conditions or disease states with the goal of optimizing behavior. In this study, we investigated rational adaptation in reliance on linguistic versus conceptual processing in aphasia, an acquired disorder of language. In individuals living with aphasia, verb-retrieval impairments are a pervasive deficit that negatively impacts communicative function. As such, we examined evidence of adaptation in verb production, using parallel measures to index impairment in two of verb naming's critical subcomponents: conceptual and linguistic processing. These component processes were evaluated using a standardized assessment battery designed to contrast non-linguistic (picture input) and linguistic (word input) tasks of conceptual action knowledge. The results indicate that non-linguistic conceptual action processing can be impaired in people with aphasia and contributes to verb-retrieval impairments. Furthermore, relatively unimpaired conceptual action processing can ameliorate the influence of linguistic processing deficits on verb-retrieval impairments. These findings are consistent with rational adaptation accounts, indicating that conceptual processing plays a key role in language function and can be leveraged in rehabilitation to improve verb retrieval in adults with chronic aphasia.

Systematic Literatur Review : Pengaruh Penggunaan Aplikasi Geometer’s Sketchpad Pada Pembelajaran Matematika SMP

. Geometer's Sketchpad is a maths lesson programme that offers educational material on a variety of subjects, including geometry, algebra, calculus, and other areas of mathematics. The form of research is Systematic Literature Review. Data collection in this method by searching for various journals from national and international journals on Google Scholar and Publish or Perish around 6 journals from 2019 to 2023. Through the results of previous studies in the charts, it should be deducted that the Geometr's Sketchpad application in learning mathematics is very influential because by using Geometr's Sketchpad application is able to provide an increase in students' conceptual understanding ability and is able to increase student activeness.

Constructive and destructive aspects of empathy as a consequence of its multidimensional nature

Research objective: to consider possible causes of psychological heterogeneity of empathy [its constructive and destructive manifestations]. The specifics of the functions of different components and different levels of empathy in relation to the characteristics of mental activity are analyzed. Constructive and destructive manifestations of empathy are described, which are expressed both at the pole of high empathy and at the pole of low empathy. The existence of the splitting effect of both high and low indicators of empathy with the allocation of its productive and unproductive components is substantiated. The criterion for splitting the poles of empathy is the measure of formation [and the measure of interaction] of conceptual and metacognitive abilities. Thus, the multidimensional nature of empathy is characterized by three aspects: firstly, the complexity of the composition, taking into account the specifics of the functions of different components, secondly, the multilevel [the presence of lower and higher levels of emotional response] and, thirdly, the effect of splitting high and low empathy.

Appraising the Conceptual and Lexical Retrieval in Persons with Fluent and Nonfluent Aphasia

Abstract Objective Conceptual knowledge refers to understanding and interpreting concepts and their relationships. Lexical knowledge is the knowledge that can be expressed through words. It entails meaning of words and their relationships. Word retrieval impairments are the most radical deficits that restrict communicative functions for individuals with aphasia. The current study aimed to compare the conceptual and linguistic impairments associated with fluent and nonfluent persons with aphasia (PWAs). Materials and Methods A total of 15 PWAs were recruited for the study, out of which, 8 were fluent aphasia and 7 were nonfluent aphasia. One picture-based conceptual task (picture comparison judgments) and one verb-based linguistic task (word comparison judgments) were used as the experimental paradigm. Results and Conclusion The findings of the study showed no significant difference in the performance of conceptual and lexical retrieval abilities in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia. The current study highlights the fact that both conceptual and lexical retrieval impairments prevail in both fluent and nonfluent aphasia.

Analisis Kemampuan Pemahaman Konsep Siswa pada Luas Permukaan Kerucut dengan Pendekatan PBL

This research aims (1) to determine the steps for learning about the surface area of ​​a cone using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) approach and (2) to describe students' conceptual understanding abilities in the material regarding the surface area of ​​a cone after learning using the PBL approach. This research was conducted at Panca Marga State Middle School in April 2023. This research method is qualitative research. The subjects in this research were 20 class VIII students, and 2 students' work samples were taken. The data collection methods used were Student Worksheets (LKS), documentation, written tests and interviews. Data analysis includes data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this research show that (1) Learning steps on cone surface area material using the PBL approach are effective in improving students' understanding abilities, namely (a) orienting students to the problem, (b) organizing students' learning, (c) guiding investigations individually and in groups, (d) developing and presenting the results of the work, (e) analyzing and evaluating the solution process, (2) Ability to understand the concepts of class VIII students after following learning with the PBL approach, namely for questions number 1 and 2, 20 students were able to achieve indicators 1-4 understanding concepts, namely presenting concepts as a form of representation, developing necessary and sufficient conditions, using, exploiting and selecting certain procedures, and classifying algorithm concepts for problem solving.