Concept Of Cosmopolitanism Research Articles

Contact zones, affects and noeuds de mémoire: Chinese laborers on the Western Front in Martine Laffon’s Souviens-toi de moi

This article argues that Souviens-toi de moi, a novel published in 2014 by French writer Martine Laffon, reclaims the memory of travailleurs chinois on the Western Front during the First World War, at the same time exposing the deliberate agenda of forgetting in both French and Chinese memory cultures. Referring to Mary Louise Pratt’s concept of contact zone and Leela Gandhi’s concept of affective cosmopolitanism, I show how the novel creates an inclusive ethics across race, gender and species, challenging the fixed hierarchies of Western modernity. Synchronously, by applying the multidirectional framework of noeuds de mémoire, the article demonstrates how Laffon constructs war remembrance at the conjunction of anti-militarism, anti-imperialism, feminism and the struggle for animal rights. The novel thus offers a vision of the First World War that radically departs from the French récit national and the Chinese instrumentalization of the laborers’ war memory.

Cosmopolitanism Represented in Ocean's Eleven Movie Script

Globalization has become a primary concern today, leading to significant shifts in social relations and making various global issues more visible. It is characterized by conditions where one can move easily from one place to another. Thus, it blurs the meaning of one's identity and citizenship. Hence, this research uses a structuralist approach and cosmopolitanism. The object of this research is Ocean's Eleven movie script which contains similar issues. The aim is to discover how cosmopolitanism is represented in Ocean's Eleven movie script and to find what kinds of cosmopolitanism are experienced by Ocean's Eleven characters. The researcher used the structuralism approach, Stuart Hall's concept of representation, cosmopolitan identity, and imaginative cosmopolitanism. Then by applying literary criticism, the researcher found that the representation of cosmopolitanism in Ocean's Eleven movie script is shown through character, dialogue, and narration. In addition, the cosmopolitanism shown by the characters of Ocean's Eleven is included in cultural cosmopolitanism. Based on the results, this research can be used as a model for further researchers in finding cosmopolitanism issues in literary works.

Strategic Cosmopolitanism: Chinese Female Jadeite Live Streamers in Ruili

With China's construction of free trade zones and the development of digital technology, immigrants from Myanmar and internal migrants from all parts of China have gathered in Ruili, a cross-border hub connecting the two countries. As a result of these mobilities it has been transformed into a grass-roots level cosmopolitan area. Through six years of fieldwork, this study found that grassroots female live streamers who were excluded from mainstream metropolises gained more opportunities for survival and development in jadeite cross-border trade activities in Ruili through the concepts of female entrepreneurship and everyday strategic cosmopolitanism The notion of strategic cosmopolitanism refers to non-elite openness as a strategic response to economic, employment or career advancements generated by policies, discursively presented as economic cosmopolitanism. The increase in economic gains for some has significantly improved their socio-economic status, while at the same time paying the price of being locked in the logic and rules of capitalism.

(Up)Rooted cosmopolitanism: from anathema to an educational response to contemporary challenges

ABSTRACT In recent years there has been growing scholarly interest in education for cosmopolitanism, a normative social and political theory that views all human beings as citizens of a single global community. Based on the premise that changes in the world are reflected in changes occurring in discourse, this article explores the changes in the concept of cosmopolitanism from the dawn of history, through its rejection in Soviet Russia, to its re-emergence today as a viable educational response to the challenges of globalisation. In the last few decades, the slur of ‘rootless cosmopolitanism’ has turned into ‘rooted cosmopolitanism’ corresponding to a ‘both-and’ approach to both nationalism and cosmopolitanism. It has thus become a driver of educational change in an era marked by hybridity, uncertainty and dialectical non-binary ways of thinking and living in the world.

The Critical Analysis of the Viability of Cosmopolitan Democracy in the 21st Century: Cosmopolitanism, the Present and the Future

This review aims to critically analyse the concept of cosmopolitanism as applicable to global democracy. It firstly questions the viability of cosmopolitan democracy from the practicality of this concept on a pragmatic, rather than an idealistic lens, to its 'world state' concept where a decentralised system of governance is sustained by various decision-making sources whilst honouring states with some level of national autonomy. Issues raised, such as distributive justice, coercion and partiality, the cosmopolitan conceptual legitimacy at a global level, citizenship, reciprocity and sovereignty, oppose the legitimacy and practicality of this concept, giving statists, sovereigntists, nationalists and other sceptics of the cosmopolitan Agenda reasons to question this ideology. The second part of this review aims to answer these questions, explaining how this concept practically fits into today's global society as an effective form of global governance. The Moderate-Moral Cosmopolitan ideology will be used to critically address the issues of military interventions: the legality of human rights, the preference for transnational laws over international laws in the propagation of cosmopolitan rights and the role of expert bodies in ensuring that the enforcement of these rights whilst spreading cosmopolitan democracy is effective.

STREETWALKING BEYOND THE STOA: DIOGENES THE CYNIC, MARÍA LUGONES, AND A TENTATIVE COSMOPOLITANISM

In this essay I argue that we should consider Diogenes the Cynic’s claim to be cosmopolitan in light of his homelessness as a spatial and material reality. I do this order to arrive at a concept of cosmopolitanism that is more politically and ethically substantial than its typical rationalist Kantian formulations. I consider passages from Diogenes Laertius’ Lives of the Eminent Philosophers to clarify the relationship of homelessness to cosmopolitanism, and draw upon authors such as Emmanuel Levinas, María Lugones, and José Medina in order to demonstrate the fruitfulness of a reconsidered cosmopolitanism in our contemporary context. I ultimately suggest that Diogenes’ cosmopolitanism offers a rich and politically charged alternative to rationalist cosmopolitanism insofar as he points us towards critically rethinking both the cosmos and polis as expressions of political agency in a world in which homelessness and social exclusion are a common feature. I argue that cosmopolitan political practice would therefore be best understood fundamentally tentative, whether in the form of productive negotiation, or an interruptive displacement of hegemonic understandings of shared spaces.

Entre plumas y plumas

The concept of cosmopolitanism is often associated with positive ideas of a common humanity. However, a historical study from a 'cosmopolitan perspective' requires an understanding of its various interpretations and applications, as cosmopolitanism has been a driving force behind concrete actions in specific contexts. This is evident in the case of the dictatorships in the Southern Cone and their resistances, particularly in the context of 'mail art.' Therefore, to grasp these 'cosmopolitan clashes,' one must begin with an understanding of the underlying definition of humanity in these projects to comprehend the resulting actions

Comments on Gabriele Gava, Kant’s Critique of Pure Reason and the Method of Metaphysics

Abstract I raise three objections for Gava’s thesis that the primary task of the Critique of Pure Reason is to develop a doctrine of method for metaphysics, understood as an account of the special kind of unity that a body of cognitions must exhibit to count as a science. First, I argue that this thesis has difficulty accommodating Kant’s concern with explaining the possibility of synthetic a priori judgements. This concern is motivated by a question that is prior to the issue of scientific unity. Second, I argue that the context of the passage in which Kant calls the Critique a treatise on method makes clear that the remark concerns the Copernican Turn. This suggests that the method treated in the book is the procedure required by the Copernican Turn. Third, I dispute Gava’s claim that the idea that confers unity on metaphysics is the cosmopolitan concept of philosophy.

‘On the eighth day’: Jews and Manchester

ABSTRACT This article explores the evolution of Manchester Jewry from the beginnings of the world’s first industrial town in the eighteenth century through to today. It shows how Jews have contributed to the idea of Manchester exceptionalism and been part of the city’s heritage and culture although not always regarded as ‘Manchester men’. The concept of cosmopolitanism is utilised to explore whether this was used to include or marginalise the Jews as people of migrant origin. Different waves of Jewish migration are charted and the relations between Jews of different origins and class explored to show both communal solidarity and conflict.

Developing Cosmopolitanism Through Intercultural Mediation Activities: An After-School Digital Storytelling Project in Catalonia

This article analyzes interaction taking place in an after-school digital storytelling project, involving a group of teenagers in Catalonia, Spain, with different lingua-cultural backgrounds. It focuses on intercultural mediation activities carried out in one of the early project sessions in which a young girl of Ghanaian origin mobilizes her previous life experience to mediate, for her local peers in Catalonia, understanding of a video produced by Ugandan youth. The data is transcribed and analyzed using a multimodal conversation analytic perspective. Drawing on the theoretical concepts of intercultural mediation, cosmopolitanism, and funds of knowledge, this article investigates the following: (a) how the girl mobilizes her funds of knowledge to mediate the content of the video and the other audience members and, (b) how cosmopolitanism is developed in intercultural mediation. The article also touches on how intercultural mediation is collaboratively constructed across modes, languages, and material objects. The findings indicate that the young participants’ cosmopolitan stances are enacted and enabled in intercultural mediation, as the youngsters can make sense of cultural concepts that they can not tackle as well on their own. The findings further help to reconceptualize the competences, knowledge, and resources of youth in the superdiverse and interconnected world.

The global relevance of Tagore’s cosmopolitan educational philosophy for social justice in a post-Westphalian world

ABSTRACT This article suggests that Tagore’s conception of cosmopolitan education can provide the basis for advancing matters of global social justice, when considering the problem posed by Nancy Fraser in her essay ‘Reframing Justice in a Globalizing World’: ‘How can we integrate struggles against maldistribution, misrecognition and misrepresentation within a post-Westphalian frame?’. To this end, the article briefly reflects on the perspective of cosmopolitanism, setting the scene for an exploration of Tagore’s distinctive cosmopolitan educational philosophy. The article develops the argument that framing pedagogy centred on Tagore’s principles of cosmopolitan education to produce cosmopolitan-minded citizens can help bring about social, political, and economic change at local, national, and international level, in order to integrate the three-dimensional struggle for social justice outlined by Fraser. The article concludes by suggesting what can be done at the institutional and curriculum levels to help foster the cosmopolitan attitude.

Kozmopolitanizm: Evin Sınırlarını Aşmak

This contribution engages with the idea of cosmopolitanism critically and tries to present cosmopolitanism as a process that designates the inner dimension of globalization in the name of cosmopolitanization. The first step in this treatment is to examine the relationship between globalization and cosmopolitanism. Then the second step is to define a new cosmopolitanism, "cosmopolitanism at home." This paper aims to develop a proper conception of cosmopolitanism with its relation to borders – crossing borders – and home. I argue that if cosmopolitanism exists, there should be a home as a form of unity with its idealized borders.

International Education and the Crises of Cosmopolitanism and Global Citizenship

Globalisation has not only given rise to unprecedented dimensions of mobility of people and ideas across national borders, but it has also enhanced the activities involved in international education (IE) and inevitably drawn attention to the growing levels of cultural diversity and the necessity for cultural exchange among the ‘global communities’. Arguably, these phenomena have equally given rise to the possibilities of both cultural exchange and conflicts of interest in what constitutes an effective IE. Besides, recent phenomenal development in digital technologies has enabled people across vast far afield to be in close relations with one another; thus, opening new vistas to an effectively transnational world that could be aptly regarded as a global village. Parts of the fundamental concepts of IE which have agitated the minds of several international scholars are cosmopolitanism and global citizenship (GC). As part of the tenets of GC and cosmopolitanism, it is expected that people are treated equally and that preference should not be given to any particular cultural, political, linguistic, or national group, most especially at the expense of others. Meanwhile, there are scholarly arguments that global education has a fundamental role to play in preparing students for a world that is increasingly interconnected and interdependent. Several advocacies in the light of cosmopolitanism and GC in the context of IE have been principally brought to the fore by several scholars not only as moral frameworks resonant with educators’ efforts to cultivate people’s openness to new ideas but also as a mutual understanding through respectful dialogue, as well as the awareness of the peculiarities within the cultural values of the others. Meanwhile, there have been stridently diverse arguments from several scholars that the contemporary global practices in IE do not reflect the tenets as well as _modus operandi_ as espoused by the concepts of cosmopolitanism and or GC. It was equally argued that there exist varying levels of disequilibria in the contemporary IE, and this has made the cultural realities inherent in the ‘others’ to be disparagingly relegated. Imperatively, in recent times, there have been several calls from scholars advocating the critical incorporation of cosmopolitan dynamics and realities in approaches to IE (to reflect some of the basic hallmarks and or tenets of GC). Although the positive realisation of these attempts or calls is still at the developing stage in educational practices, recent works in other disciplines promise to forward such a critical agenda. It is, therefore, against this background that both the extant and current literature is critically and scholarly engaged to interrogate the concepts of cosmopolitanism and GC in the context of IE. At the same time, the treatise is principally divided into four (4) sections which include: conceptual clarifications of the terms: international education (IE), global citizenship, and cosmopolitanism; a critical analysis of Western, Asian (Chinese) and African perspectives on cosmopolitanism and global citizenship as well as crises of global citizenship and cosmopolitanism in the light of IE. However, the paper gives a conclusion and puts forth recommendations.

Democracy and pluralism after European integration: Incorporating the contested character of the EU

ABSTRACT Recent years have seen multiple controversies between the EU and its member states that revolve around different conceptions of what kind of polity the EU is, and what it should be. These controversies are particularly heated when fundamental democratic values are at stake. In this article, we address the fundamental tension between the assertion of common EU values and the pluralistic character of the EU polity, both among and within member states. The driving question of this article is how we can understand controversies between the EU and its member states in light of the presence of alternative conceptions of the EU and its democratic and pluralistic character. We reconstruct two opposing conceptions of the EU – the intergovernmental and the cosmopolitan conception – and then analyse how the disagreement between these fundamental conceptions plays out in five key controversies. We argue that the disagreement over what the EU is, and what it should be, is inherent to EU politics. The EU can only become democratic if it recognizes these conflicting understandings and provides political arenas in which the disagreements between them can be articulated, confronted, and resolved.

Social media as a means for students to become global citizens

The development of information technology, especially social media, has paved the way for the theory and concept of global citizenship. Integration and connection allow everyone to convey citizens' opinions, ideas, criticism, and actions. Based on the literature and previous studies, social media is analyzed in terms of benefits and disadvantages. This study aims to emphasize the use of social media among students, especially as a means of becoming global citizens. This research was conducted using qualitative methods by analyzing various literature and sources, which were then described. The study results a show that student activity in social media contributes to a new media ecology called global citizen solidarity in social media. Student solidarity in viewing various problems that occur led to civic action. Student actions on social media in various fields and issues on global issues such as politics, religion, economy, environment, health, philanthropy, and human rights reinforce the concept of being global citizens. The transformation regarding the use of social media by students into a theoretical framework for global citizen practice. It is important to re-describe the concept of global citizenship or cosmopolitanism through social media to create world citizen solidarity as a sense of responsibility in dealing with global problems and promoting world peace.

Contradictions of Cosmopolitanism: Impacts on Diversity and Inclusion

For quite too long, the West has portrayed itself as the custodian of civilization and civility worthy of emulation by the rest of the world. Such characterisation of itself explains the epoch of European colonialism and the successive Western policies that have not only exponentially underdeveloped the Global South, but also caused an intellectual and cultural inferiority complex. While this debate may not be uniquely unknown, this paper problematises the concept of cosmopolitanism, a long debated idea believed to have originated from the West that has been globalised through colonialism and the Eurocentric international system. This paper explores the dichotomous representation of cosmopolitanism vis-à-vis diversity and inclusion. To place the discussion in perspective, the paper addresses the issue of populism, COVID-19, racism, and refugee crisis to expose several embedded contradictions and inconsistencies. It concludes arguing for a more inclusive and transparent representation of world identities in order to have a fruition of a cosmopolitan world.

Dal cosmopolitismo radicale al cosmopolitismo radicato. Intervista a Anthony Kwame Appiah

Anthony Kwame Appiah is an internationally renowned philosopher who has worked on the philosophy of language, political and moral theory, African intellectual history and cosmopolitanism, with a particular interest in the theme of identity. He has held prominent positions and received numerous important awards; he has also dedicated himself to an intense activity of dissemination, giving countless lectures and collaborating with a number of newspapers, such as the BBC at which in 2016 he gave the Reith Lectures on the theme of identity and the New York Times Magazine where, as a columnist, he reasons about the ethical dilemmas that can arise in everyday life. In Italy he has published Cosmopolitismo. L’etica in un mondo di estranei (2007), Il codice d’onore. Come cambia la morale (2011), La menzogna dell’identità (2019). In this interview, given in July 2021, he explains his conception of cosmopolitanism, which he named “rooted or patriotic”, and from this perspective addresses the topics of migration, cosmopolitan education and practice, ‘cancel culture’ and freedom of expression.

Gandhi’s Compassionate Cosmopolitan Ethics and Global Poverty

In the post-Rawlsian world many liberal cosmopolitan philosopher and theorists have been trying to argue that love, emotion, sentiments and empathy are needed to ensure justice in this broken world. Some of them like Martha Nussbaum, Graham Long etc. have attempted to theorise on Emotion and sentiments within cosmopolitan traditions. I argue that empathy, love and sentiments are European ideas and sometimes become problematic for the reason that they do not get out of the problems of “binaries”----primarily the binary of the self and others. In my view, liberal cosmopolitans have failed to understand the ontological and metaphysical significance of the non-duality which was central to the Gandhi’s understanding of cosmopolitanism. In Gandhi’s theory of cosmology there is no difference between the self and other, they are not placed in tension with each other rather they complement each other and are essentially interdependent. This article humbly attempts to explore the possibilities of an alternative conception of cosmopolitanism based on universal morality through Gandhi’s idea of non-violence and compassion. It probes into the possibility of universal morality of Ahimsa (non- violence) and Karuna (compassion) and argues that it is not plausible to think of it without any metaphysical supposition that we all have the same Atman. It also examines and criticizes the Western notion of cosmopolitan morality based on human fellowship without any metaphysical principle. Unlike moral cosmopolitanism, compassionate cosmopolitanism does not focus primarily on the duty rather it goes deeply into understanding the human nature and virtue--what kind of person we are and how we feel about other fellow human? It enquires into the kind of emotional attachment exists or required between fellow humans.

Sustaining Urban Public Spaces through Everyday Aesthetic Cosmopolitanism: The Case of the Art Center Recyclart

This article explores how social artistic interventions provide forms of everyday aesthetic cosmopolitanism – an intellectual and aesthetic openness towards objects, places, experiences, activities that relates to the everyday life of people regardless of identity, occupation, social class, cultural/racial background, and lifestyle – in transforming urban voids into inclusive urban public spaces. Through socially engaged art, artists and artistic institutions do not play a leading role but act as facilitators to provide space and context for events to emerge. Through participant observations and interviews for the period 2015-2018 and using concepts of everyday aesthetic cosmopolitanism, we demonstrate how the art center Recyclart, through socially informed artistic interventions, practices, and performances, contributed to transforming urban voids into inclusive urban public spaces. Our results indicate that local life, enacted by so-called marginalized residents and their everyday practices in urban central neighborhoods, is critical in city-making and contributes to everyday aesthetic cosmopolitanism.

The Construction of the Ideal: Stoic Cosmopolitanism

Antikçağ ve Aydınlanma düşüncesinin başlıca ideallerinden olan dünya yurttaşlığı, çağdaş felsefenin ve siyaset tartışmalarının halen tartışılan konularındandır. Günümüzde evrensel ile yerel, insanseverlik ile yurtseverlik arasındaki gerilimi/uzlaşmayı vurgulayan düşünürlerden bazıları, bu kadim ideali çağdaş koşullara uyarlayarak yeniden dile getirirler; diğerleri ise onu geride bırakılması gereken tarihsel bir an, bir nostalji olarak düşünürler. Bununla birlikte bu kavramın yahut idealin tarihi oldukça karmaşıktır; nitekim yüzyıllar boyunca yurttaşlık konumunu dolduran özneler farklılaşmış ve yurdun anlamı da dönemden döneme değişmiştir. Kökleri Kinik filozoflara dayanan dünya yurttaşlığı ilk kez Stoacıların uzun uzadıya temellendirdikleri bir ideal olsa da bu okulun düşüncesinde bile onun tek bir anlamı yoktur. Bu kadim ideal, Stoacılığın dönemleri boyunca farklılaşmış ve günümüzdeki anlamını ancak geç dönem Stoacı filozoflarla kazanmıştır. O halde halen tartışılan bir kavramın tarihini, belirli bir dönemle sınırlayarak incelemeyi amaçlayan bu yazıda, Stoacı dünya yurttaşlığı kavramına odaklanılmaktadır. Stoacılığın dönemleri boyunca dünya yurttaşlığının nasıl değiştiği ve bir ideal olarak nasıl temellendirildiği ele alınmaktadır.