Concept Of Community Research Articles

The interchange stations siting model of urban rail transit network

The "node anchor weaving method" is commonly used in urban rail transit network planning, which emphasizes identifying the important nodes of the network first, and then using the key nodes as the "anchor nodes" to construct the network. Interchange stations are the most crucial network nodes in terms of both service function and network function. As a result, when planning the network, it is critical to identify the interchanges ahead of time. A key node identification model is initially established in this article, and then a network interchange stations location model is built on top of it. Based on the urban road network, the key node identification model takes into account the location of the road network nodes, the number of neighboring nodes, the influence of the neighboring nodes, and the path information between the nodes, and the key nodes in the network are effectively identified through the improvement of the gravitational model and the neighboring core model, and the model's validity is verified through the SIR contagion model. The online network interchange stations siting model considers the matching degree of residents' traffic demand, the interchange stations coverage to the city, the intensity of land use, and the interchange stations' duplicate coverage to the urban space as evaluation indices for the interchange stations; the objective of solving the interchange stations is the comprehensive optimality of the indexes; in order to avoid the problem of perturbation in the optimization and solution algorithm, this paper presents an improved genetic-simulated annealing optimization algorithm that introduces the concept of community, and avoids the problem of perturbation in the optimization and solution algorithms. The effectiveness of the model is verified by using examples of the Mitte-Center and Friedrichshain networks.

Epistemic tensions in R&D alliances and the role of inter-organizational management controls

Abstract Access to heterogeneous knowledge resources is suggested in the literature as an important explanation of firm innovation and performance. The exchange of knowledge, however, can be a complex managerial challenge, especially between different epistemic communities. Our research focuses on the concept of epistemic communities to illuminate the complexity of tensions that arise in heterogeneous knowledge exchange in alliances, thus filling a gap in the literature. Using the Straussian grounded theory case study approach, our research investigates the emergence of horizontal, vertical, and inter-organizational epistemic tensions and explores management controls as instruments to guide the knowledge exchange in intermediary-driven research and development alliances. We find that the source of multiple epistemic tensions is rooted in the natural social behaviors of epistemic community members and further shows how these behaviors influence the effective use of inter-organizational management controls in facilitating heterogeneous knowledge exchange.

An Introduction to Acting “Together with Others” and Participation as the Basis for Community in the Thought of Karol Wojtyla

Karol Wojtyła’s conception of community is an often overlooked part of his vast body of writing. While much energy is dedicated to his ethics and theology, little attention is given to how he defined the way in which human persons interact with one another and build the communities and societies wherein they find themselves. Central to this definition of community are the concepts of “acting ‘together with others’” and “participation.” For Wojtyła, these two intimately personal and subjective aspects of the human person serve as both the basis and mode from which authentic human communities emerge. This work presents an introduction to Wojtyła’s basis for community through analyzing “acting ‘together with others’” and “participation,” thus placing the primary impetus for inter-personal action strictly within the tradition of metaphysical anthropology and personalism which Wojtyła himself embraced. In doing so, an overview of Wojtyła’s thought is presented that is based on his most influential philosophical works concerning community, particularly Person and Act and The Person: Subject and Community, with this serving as a realistic philosophical background for subsequent analysis of both the human person and communities generally.

Educación, pensamiento complejo y ciudad: La categoría de comunidad en la crónica Medellín, bajo el milagro de la media luz (1983) de Juan José Hoyos Naranjo

In the following reflection article, whose connotation is educational; it is considered to address the analysis of the chronicle “Medellín, under the miracle of the half light” (1993) by the writer Juan José Hoyos Naranjo. The chronicle presents a narrative impregnated with orality and marked by complex discursive procedures. In that sense, said analysis will focus on education from the Morinian thought and the concept of community. Hoyos’ work intertwines enjoyment and nostalgia, offering a deep understanding of how communities have intervened in the transformations of Medellín. As a careful observer of his city, Hoyos uses everyday elements such as bars, objects and the urban environment to capture the essence of Medellín and outline the profile of the urban subject. His critical approach exposes both public and biographical aspects, especially his experience as a journalist in the 1980s, a period in which he faced, as a reporter, the power dynamics of drug trafficking and the drastic urban changes of the city. This chronicle not only documents these events, but also derives from his journalistic work, consolidating itself as a piece that merges his professional career with a critical and personal vision of the evolution of Medellín. Aspect that is expanded in the perspective of Complex thinking with a focus on the category of community.

Depopulation in the Central Apennines in the Twentieth Century: An Empirical Investigation

AbstractWe propose an empirical investigation of the population dynamics between 1931 and 2011 in a mountain area in Italy. The main novelty of our work is the usage of sub-municipal data, which makes it possible to disentangle several drivers of the overall depopulation trend. All these factors had been considered previously by separate strands of literature, but never jointly, as we do. One of our most interesting results is that different factors operate in different historical periods. Therefore, we use a flexible strategy by which we divide the sample in four different 20-year spans and adopt a different statistical model for each. Another notable result is that an appropriate quantitative description of the phenomenon must take into account the disappearance of inhabited centres separately from their size in terms on inhabitants. Consequently, the concept of local community is crucial for a systematic understanding of population change and “place-sensitive” policies in remote mountain areas.

The Importance of Being Honest: Free Spirits and Idiosyncrasy in Nietzsche

The main argument of this paper is that the debate on whether Nietzsche is communitarian or individualist is wrongheaded, failing to distinguish the conception of community and individual Nietzsche critiques, the 'mob' and the 'Higher Man', from the conceptions Nietzsche envisions and hopes for, his 'free spirits' and – what I call, based on the critique of indivisible subjects in the Genealogy of Morality – the idiosyncrasy. I propose a reading of Nietzsche which elaborates his novel conception of a non-ascetic will to truth, based in courageous honesty and self-overcoming, rather than self-preservation, in order to conceive these individuals and communities. The coupling of Dionysus and Apollo has to be replaced with Dionysus and Ariadne because, using key terms from Deleuze's Nietzsche, the sense and value of critique is generated from a labyrinthine, Dionysian meaning as will to power and Ariadne's thread as evaluation based on the eternal recurrence, constituting the idiosyncrasy and the free spirits, respectively.

The cost of CO2 emissions abatement in a micro energy community in a Belgian context

This paper investigates and quantifies the benefits and the cost of CO2 emissions abatement of a Micro Energy Community (MEC) in a tiny residential cluster of three houses in a Belgian context. A simulation-based comparative analysis is performed of two individual and two MEC concepts, i.e. a reference scenario, an individual electrification scenario, an electricity sharing scenario, and an energy community scenario. A deterministic dynamic white-box modelling approach, including optimal control, is used, considering heat for space heating and domestic hot water, and electricity for electrical appliances. The energy system that achieves the greatest emission reduction at the lowest cost, has a collective heat pump and a photovoltaic installation sized based on the plug load demand. This system reduces the annual CO2 emissions by 11.48 tons at a cost of 179 EUR/ton CO2 considering 2021 dynamic retail electricity prices with a median of 251 EUR/MWh and a fixed retail gas price of 64 EUR/MWh. However, the results are strongly dependent on the gas-electricity price ratio. The highest value of the retail gas price in 2021 leads to a negative CO2 emissions abatement cost of 154 EUR/ton CO2, putting energy community concepts on the radar for a cost-effective energy transition.

The Role of Phosphate-Solubilizing Microbial Interactions in Phosphorus Activation and Utilization in Plant-Soil Systems: A Review.

To address the issue of phosphorus limitation in agricultural and forestry production and to identify green and economical alternatives to chemical phosphorus fertilizers, this paper reviews the utilization of phosphorus in plant-soil systems and explores the considerable potential for exploiting endogenous phosphorus resources. The application of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms (PSMs) is emphasized for their role in phosphorus activation and plant growth promotion. A focus is placed on microbial interactions as an entry point to regulate the functional rhizosphere microbiome, introducing the concept of synthetic communities. This approach aims to deepen the understanding of PSM interactions across plant root, soil, and microbial interfaces, providing a theoretical foundation for the development and application of biological regulation technologies to enhance phosphorus utilization efficiency.

Research on Urban Renewal Design in the Context of the Future Community Concept

As urbanization accelerates, traditional cities face numerous challenges such as aging infrastructure, limited community functions, and inadequate environmental sustainability. The concept of the "future community," as an innovative approach to urban development, emphasizes the application of smart technologies, enhanced community participation, eco-friendly designs, and diversified economic growth, providing a new direction for urban renewal. This study aims to explore the application of the future community concept in urban renewal design through a combination of literature review, case studies, and data analysis, systematically analyzing the core characteristics of future communities and their impact on urban renewal. The research selects typical urban renewal cases from both domestic and international contexts, constructs a relationship model between future communities and urban renewal, and proposes a series of design strategies such as participatory design, smart technology integration, sustainable green design, and mixed-use development. Comparative analysis reveals that the future community concept significantly improves social inclusiveness, technological application levels, and environmental sustainability, while also boosting economic vitality. The use of data tables further validates the effectiveness of these design strategies, providing empirical support for urban planning and design. The study concludes that while the future community concept offers important guidance for urban renewal, challenges such as technological, financial, and policy issues must still be overcome during implementation. Finally, the paper offers relevant policy recommendations and future research directions to provide theoretical and practical references for building more livable, intelligent, and sustainable urban communities.

Supporting recovery, healing and wellbeing with Aboriginal communities of the southeast coast of Australia: a practice-based study of an Aboriginal community-controlled health organisation’s response to cumulative disasters

BackgroundThe recent crises of bushfires, floods, and the COVID-19 pandemic on the southeast coast of Australia were unprecedented in their extent and intensity. Few studies have investigated responses to cumulative disasters in First Nations communities, despite acknowledgement that these crises disproportionately impact First Nations people. This study was conducted by Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal researchers in partnership with Waminda, South Coast Women’s Health and Wellbeing Aboriginal Corporation, an Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation (ACCHO). It investigated the collective experiences of people affected by cumulative disasters to identify the practices that support healing, and recovery for Aboriginal communities. The study addresses a knowledge gap of how Waminda, designs, manages and delivers responses to address complex health and social issues in the context of cumulative disasters.MethodsUnderpinned by practice theory this study employed Indigenous-informed, narrative inquiry. Culturally-appropriate, multiple interpretive methods were used to collect data including: observations; yarns with Aboriginal community members, yarns with Waminda practitioners, management and board members; interviews-to-the-double, visual images and documentation. The data were collated and analysed using the phases of reflexive thematic analysis.ResultsThe paper articulates a suite of culturally safe and place-based practices that enhance social, emotional and spiritual well-being following cumulative disasters. These practice bundles include: adopting a Country-centred conception of local communities; being community-led; viewing care as a collective, relational, sociomaterial accomplishment and having fluid boundaries. These practice bundles ‘hang together’ through organising practices including the Waminda Model of Care, staff wellbeing framework and emergency management plan which orient action and manage risks. The paper demonstrates the need for disaster responses to be community-led and culturally situated. ACCHOs are shown to play a crucial role, and their local responses to immediate community needs are grounded in contextual knowledge and use existing resources rather than relying on mainstream system-wide interventions.ConclusionsThe paper suggests crafting responses that focus on assisting communities (re)gain their sense of belonging, hope for the future, control over their lives and their capacities to care for and to be cared for by Country, are key to both enhancing healing, health and well-being and harnessing the strengths of communities.

Reflections on governing Japan’s discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water: from the perspective of building a Maritime Community with a shared future

Since August 2023, Japan has discharged some eight rounds of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water, totaling some 62,800 tons. Despite global criticism and domestic opposition, the Japanese government continues with this discharge plan, anticipating its continuance for decades. As distinct from conventional nuclear wastewater discharges from nuclear power plants, Japan’s recent discharges of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water will release a significant number of radioactive nuclides into the ocean. It is foreseeable that the discharge of nuclear-contaminated water will adversely affect various sectors, including the marine environment, human health, the seafood trade, the maritime economy, and the international marine legal order. Currently, the governance of the Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water discharge faces three major dilemmas: insufficient participation by stakeholders, outdated regulations, and a crisis of trust. The concept of a titular Maritime Community with a Shared Future (MCSF) could address the discharge of Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water, incorporating diverse interests while also considering both current and future development. This paper argues that it is imperative to jointly engage in negotiation within the perspective of MCSF, to jointly build a governance mechanism and advance the update of rules, and to share data and information sustainably to manage the discharge of the Fukushima nuclear-contaminated water.

The Governance of Cybercrime: An Ecological Approach

Cybercrime is now the most common form of crime in Canada and causes significant financial and psychological harm. The criminal justice system struggles to address cybercrime due to its complexity, scale, and global nature. Criminologists are also challenged to think about cybercrime beyond established theoretical frameworks. An interdisciplinary approach is required to understand this phenomenon and enable us to craft effective policies. The discipline of ecology can provide valuable insights and a practical integrative framework through the concepts of community, interaction, and emergent effects. First, a high-level outline is provided of how the cybercrime ecosystem can be analyzed using basic ecological concepts and principles. This framework is then applied to the security community, showing how it is populated with a diversity of organizational and institutional entities that can be enabled or compelled to act in ways that enhance online security through a broad set of regulatory strategies. Finally, three innovative configurations that take advantage of this regulatory pluralism and novel forms of collaboration are described to illustrate how alternatives can be implemented to mitigate the negative impacts of cybercrime with promising outcomes.

Adaptive-DMPC based energy management and pre-installation techno-economic analysis of a grid-tied cyber-physical community microgrid

The trends for creating smart cities is increasing as it gives assurance of high-quality living standards, however, converting an existing city into a smart one needs more time, investments and is highly tedious. Another concept of community based sustainable living that can be installed in and around outskirts of any city. All the features of smart cities can be brought in by most economical, sustainable, and environmental friendly way. A cyber-physical Community Microgrid (CMG) can have various loads such as heating, cooling, security and lighting purposes. The dependency on grid supply can be reduced by using renewable sources of electricity. Solar water heaters and biogas plant can take care of heating loads. Handling uncertainties in generation, time-varying load scenarios, and dynamics of supply grid are crucial for smooth operation of cyber-physical CMG. In this work, an Energy Management Strategy (EMS) for CMG is proposed using an adaptive Distributed Model Predictive Control (DMPC) that improves scalability with modular architecture, allow enhanced flexibility and adaptability, robustness and reliability, enhanced optimization and predictive capabilities. All possible intermittencies types due to renewables, time-variable demand profiles, smooth charging/discharging cycles and longevity of storage batteries, curtailing of noncritical loads, and dynamic price of grid consumption are applied. Further, use of EMS outcomes is done to develop pre-installation techno-economic analysis for establishing a CMG with optimal component sizing. The given DMPC scheme for CMG is verified by conducting comprehensive test case studies over 24 hrs interval on the Matlab/Simulink and hardware-in-loop testing.

A comparative study on the transcultural (re-)reception of The Untamed and its queerness with Chinese characteristics

Abstract Drawing on Stanley Fish’s concept of interpretive communities, this article explores the various transcultural interpretations of queer opacity, a Chinese variant of queerness within dan’gai web series. This study reveals that while viewers employ a shared interpretive strategy of queer reading to identify queer opacity, the effect of queer interpretation is contingent upon the queer interpretive subcommunities’ familiarity with Chinese culture. Moreover, different cultures possess sub-strategies of queer reading: visibility reading is often practiced in the global northwest to initiate visibility politics in society, while opacity reading is used in the global southeast in an unconfrontational manner within fictional worlds. By examining a layered interpretive phenomenon that involves transcultural reaction videos towards the Chinese dan’gai web series The Untamed (TU), alongside the danmu from Chinese viewers on these videos, this study contributes to scholarship on transcultural queerness through the lenses of queer opacity and transcultural reader reception.

Harnessing Stadium Roofs for Community Electrical Power: A Case Study of Rome’s Olympic Stadium Title

Within a city, there is a lack of space for the installation of photovoltaic panels, especially in cities with significant artistic heritage. Hence, there is a need to identify new spaces for the installation of renewable energy systems capable of supplying part of the city’s energy demand. Large infrastructures for public use such as stadiums, because of their characteristics, can become an essential resource for surrounding communities by installing photovoltaic panels on their roofs. This innovative approach can supply renewable electricity to the local community, aligning with the concept of renewable energy communities (RECs). This study focuses on the Olympic Stadium in Rome, exploring a new way to produce and share the electricity generated. An energy simulation of the photovoltaic plant was carried out by means of a transient calculation tool System Advisor Model (SAM). Then, the energy output from photovoltaics was correlated with the stadium, streetlight, and household electrical energy demands. The results highlight the suitability of the photovoltaic plant and the energy, economic, and environmental advantages derived from its exploitation.

Peak beta diversity occurs at regional spatial grains

Beta diversity (β) quantifies the dissimilarity between communities and is thus fundamental to biogeography and spatial ecology. However, multiple and conflicting hypotheses exist to explain how β varies with spatial scale (here grain within a constant extent). Some resolution on spatial scaling of β may help clarify long-standing debate about: (a) β itself and (b) the ecological community concept, because the clearest spatial size of an ecological community corresponds to the scale with maximal β. Here we test five alternative hypotheses for β spatial scaling by calculating β for four very different taxa (ants, birds, diatoms, and trees) at spatial grains ranging from one to one million km2 in a constant spatial extent (contiguous USA). We also test repeatability for: (a) summer and winter bird β in six consecutive years; (b) trees through time (4 years, spaced 5 years apart). Specifically, we organize point data into hexagonal polygons, and then calculate mean pairwise β between each hexagon and its neighbors. We also calculate the deviation of β from two null models (assuming either spatial heterogeneity or homogeneity). For multiple reasons, β deviation based on spatial heterogeneity was preferable to that based on spatial homogeneity. For all taxa, β peaks at regional scales: trees ~300 km2; winter birds ~500 km2; summer birds ~2000 km2; ants ~2000 km2; diatoms ~11,000 km2. Also, spatial scaling is consistent inter-annually (birds, trees) and sensitive to seasonality (birds). Results broadly support the regional community concept and, based on the variety of taxa evaluated here, similar patterns are likely across the tree of life. Local ecological and evolutionary forces scale up to form regional community patterns and results here support efforts to coordinate local conservation efforts in regions (e.g., corridors and networks) to best conserve biodiversity. Beta diversity peaked at substantial spatial scales for all taxa evaluated here (ants, birds, diatoms, trees), suggesting a general pattern. The regional community concept advanced by Robert Ricklefs is supported empirically, in preference to four other hypotheses also tested. Beta diversity calculations used a relatively new deviation from a spatially heterogeneous null, which modestly adjusted observed beta diversity. Results support use of this newer beta deviation rather than the older beta deviation based on spatial homogeneity. Given that ecological communities appear regional in scale, local biodiversity conservation work can best ensure success if it is regionally coordinated.

Frontier, not boundary: The use of amenities around communities

In the field of urban governance, the concept of community is often regarded as the fundamental unit for the delivery of public services. People strive to tackle diverse challenges, such as social segregation and rigid bureaucracy, through the lens of community development. Hence, a precise articulation of this concept is crucial. However, “community” can refer to either a physical area or a group of people, resulting in multiple definitions. The boundary of a community may be defined in various ways. Consequently, a paradox arises: people may enthusiastically explore the suitability of a community for providing public services, but without exactly clarifying where the discussed community itself is. This ambiguity can cause confusion in practical applications of the concept of community, resulting in a decrease in the effectiveness of community governance, the neglect of social attributes, and the undermining of public nature. This conceptual article advocates for a new approach to defining communities, one that integrates sociological components while also having a concrete spatial anchor. It proposes substituting the idea of a clear-cut “boundary” with a buffer “frontier” (or “boundary,” depending on the author’s intended meaning) as a means of demarcating the community. By comparing the conceptual characteristics of “frontier” and “boundary,” we believe that this substitution can eliminate the yes-or-no binary determination inherent in the traditional community concept. In addition, by adopting the concept of “amenity,” we aim to provide a more tangible anchor for identifying the boundaries of a community, clarifying ambiguities, and offering guidance for subsequent research operationalization.

On the nature of social interactions and cognition in learning communities

Whether explicitly used as a research aim or implicitly discussed as an outcome, the concept of community is central for the networked learning research as it allows networked learning researchers to study how people perceive the networked environment as a space, wherein the members can develop relationships among one another. The underlying premise for this work is that it is erroneous to assume a learning community is a unified concept, functioning in the same way for everyone under same circumstances. Taking the contextual factors into account, this research questions the characteristics of a community that are related to learning. I explore how different types of relationships among members of a learning community are related to learning. In particular, I conceptualise the concept of community using social capital theory. Since the central tenet of social capital theory is that different relationships within networks of people hold different values, I argue that it can inform the ways by which the perceived level of learning is understood with respect to interaction patterns. The findings suggest that both distributed–diverse communications and strong–close communications are manifest in learning. However, the impact of diverse relationships on learning is considerably larger and stronger compared to denser relationships. The implications are discussed.

Home country regulates outbound investment to fulfill human rights obligations-taking China as an example

ABSTRACT Restricted by economic and social development conditions and the construction level of the domestic regulatory system, the traditional host country-centered approach makes it challenging to ensure that multinational enterprises fulfil their human rights obligations. The jury is still out on whether international law can directly impose obligations and responsibilities on enterprises. Therefore, the home countries could regulate human rights violations in enterprises' outbound investments. However, in the domestic regulatory system of the home country, there is often a problem of no regulation or ineffective regulation of enterprises' outbound investments. Taking China as an example, this article explores how to enhance the home country's regulation on multinational corporations' fulfilment of human rights obligations,by comparing and drawing on the experience of other jurisdictions in dealing with similar issues and combining with the regulatory practice of China's outbound-invested enterprises, which will better promote China's full implementation of the commitment to the UNGP as stated in the National Human Rights Action Plan, and help Chinese multinational companies go global better, highlighting the value concept of community with a shared future for mankind that China has always advocated as a responsible major country.

Optimal design of renewable energy communities (RECs) in Italy: Influence of composition, market signals, buildings, location, and incentives

In Europe the concept of Renewable Energy Communities (RECs) renovates the need for decentralized energy generation among citizens and companies. The corresponding legal framework enables the creation of business models that shall support environmental, economic and social benefits, provided that adequate planning accounting for the local conditions is executed. The present work is focused on a thermal-electric co-simulation approach for the analysis of the energy exchanges within an Italian REC, aimed at sizing photovoltaics (PV) and energy storage systems. EnergyPlus is used to estimate the thermal and electric needs of the community, whose results are fed into the “EnergyCommunity.jl” tool for the design of the local power system. The influence of REC composition (prosumers/consumers), the building energy demands for heating, cooling, and appliances, the geography of the REC in Italian regions, the market data, and the total peak power of PV are examined. The self-consumed electricity, the energy shared among the community, and the social costs are evaluated in different scenarios, suggesting significant environmental and economic benefits for Energy Communities.