Concept Of Safety Management Research Articles

Evaluation and Improvement of Construction Safety for Prefabricated Buildings Under the Concept of Resilience

In the construction of prefabricated buildings, safety issues occur frequently, posing challenges to project progress and personnel safety. As a new trend in the construction industry, the complexity of the environment in prefabricated construction demands an update to traditional safety management concepts. This study introduces the concept of resilience to analyze safety issues in prefabricated construction and develops a WSR-4Rs framework for a systematic evaluation of construction safety. The study first combines the WSR (Wuli-Shili-Renli) systematic methodology with the 4R resilience theory to construct an evaluation index system for construction safety. Then, it uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) and the entropy weight method to determine the combined weights of each index, establishing a balanced and objective weighting scheme. A fuzzy comprehensive evaluation model is then applied to assess actual project cases. Finally, an obstacle degree model is introduced to identify key indicator factors that significantly impact construction safety, and specific improvement measures are proposed based on these findings. The aim is to provide practical references and guidance for enhancing the safety management level in prefabricated construction.

Why do major chemical accidents still happen in China: Analysis from a process safety management perspective

As an important consideration in the chemical industry, chemical process safety has received notable attention in China. However, catastrophic chemical accidents still occur. To better understand why accidents continue to occur, this paper presented a diagnostic analysis of 14 major chemical accidents in China from 2012 to 2022 based on VOSviewer software. The authors analysed the correlation between the accident causation and their relationship with the safety management elements. The study observed that inferior process safety culture, intentional violation (rule-breaking) of procedure, inadequate safety training, and illegal operations were the most frequent causes of accidents. These causes highlighted the prominent gaps in PSM in China in the process safety culture, compliance with standards, the conduct of operations, process safety competency, and training & performance assurance. The results based on co-occurrence analysis indicated a strong correlation between these gaps in PSM. Enterprises should pay attention to collaborative management among them. These deficiencies in the enterprise’s PSM system showed that the essential defects in China’s chemical industry are a poor safety culture, inadequate accident investigation, inadequate training, and a lack of chemical safety personnel. The study recommended that the chemical industry establish superior process safety culture and competency for all personnel, monitor leading and lagging process safety indicators, apply inherent safety, and practice advanced safety management concepts. We hope that the findings can provide China’s perspectives and strengths for global chemical safety.

Generic Model for Management of Safety of Technical Installations Powered by Small Modular Reactors

Technical installation powered by small modular reactors (SMRs) is perspective industrial object due to high need of energy of new technologies and problems in the world. They are critical installations due to content and work with dangerous substances because these are sources of fire, explosion and environ-ment contamination. Therefore, for human society and its development, it is necessary to manage not only their nuclear safety, but also their integral (complex) safety, because just integral safety ensures the security and development of human society. The approach to safety and concept of safety management used by manufacturer, operator and regulator must be same. For this purpose, we give in article a tool showing the main features and requirements for management of the integral safety of such installations.

Systematic review on the identification of safety risks in off-site manufacturing (OSM)

PurposeOff-site manufacturing (OSM) has emerged as a method of modern construction that provides several benefits including achieving lower costs, a quicker schedule and environmentally friendly solutions. Although numerous researches are available that advocate the adoption of OSM, the devotion towards OSM safety is somewhat limited. However, OSM invariably generates safety risks, including dynamics and uncertainty in safety management. There is a unique call to have an investigation on the identification of OSM safety risks.Design/methodology/approachTo provide a full picture on the OSM safety, a systematic literature review was adopted based on interpretivist philosophical stance. The literature search was conducted in key electronic databases to identify OSM safety-focused publications. Bibliometric analysis was adopted to identify co-occurrences of keywords and collaboration among authors in OSM safety-related research publications. Content analysis was conducted to provide a taxonomy of OSM safety risks. The identified studies were critically analysed to determine the focus of OSM safety research and provide future research directions.FindingsThe results demonstrated frequently appeared OSM safety aspects while highlighting the limitedness of collaborative research outputs in common authorships. Content analysis subsequently unveiled safety risks in OSM under human, organisational and work environmental factors. A critical analysis of extant literature revealed seven research classifications of OSM safety. Directions were offered to enhance OSM safety by applying principles of targeted safety management concepts, technology-driven safety measures and bespoke training programs.Originality/valueThis study provides a comprehensive review on the identification of safety risks throughout OSM while presenting the avenues useful for the development of OSM safety management strategies.

Consideration about the society after the COVID-19.

This paper reviews three viewpoints regarding the society after the COVID-19 infection on the concept of safety management. The first is the relationship between With COVID-19 and a zero risk. As a result of coexistence with COVID-19 for more than one year, the Japanese society thought that a zero risk is difficult to accomplish, and some risks will be accepted to maintain social activities. This leads a change in a way of thinking from zero risk to risk-based safety management. The second is the change in the way of working. As a result of having experienced remote work forcibly, it will become the hybrid model that incorporated remote work in a conventional method. Personnel evaluation changes from the seniority system to the job evaluation type, and each person’s professional ability will be more focused on. The third is the review of the Japanese society system. In Japan, although the infection level was controlled to some extent by the groupism of the self-restraint of actions by mutual monitoring, there is a limit of managing based on groupism. Moreover, as seen in the delay of vaccine development and the medical care collapse, these problems should be improved by changing Japanese society system.

The Concept of Safety Management in the Electromobility Development Strategy

Safety monitoring provides the detection of changes in systems or operations that may suggest any case of approaching a point close to exceeding the acceptable safety standards and indicates whether corrective/prevention actions have been taken. Safety information should be maintained within the scope of transport undertakings to ensure safety and be communicated to all responsible staff, depending on each person’s function in the processes. Regulatory authorities should continuously monitor the implementation of safety management processes and the processes performed by road transport service providers. Safety management, therefore, requires investment in development and modernisation to meet market needs resulting from the mobility of residents, the growth of transport, and the obligations of countries resulting from the transport and environmental policy pursued by the European Union. Along with changes in the transport system, a need to assess their significance for the transport system’s safety arises. Depending on the transport mode (rail, air, water, road), the scope of standardised requirements is quite different each time. The paper analyses the legal requirements and acceptable practices for assessing the significance of the change in all transport modes and develops a standard method for assessing the significance of the change that meets all the requirements of electromobility safety management systems.

Study on WD Petrochemical Company Safety Management Improvement

The study takes the safety management of a domestic petrochemical company as the research object, collects and summarizes relevant information, and analyses the current situation in four aspects, including its organizational structure, safety management system, safety culture construction and behavioral control, so as to identify the problems that exist, such as the adverse impact of management changes, the lack of depth in the construction of safety management system, and the lack of strength in the construction of safety culture. The study also compares and draws on the safety management concepts and systems of well-known domestic and international chemical companies such as DuPont, Toyota and Sinopec, for example, establishing the concept that safety investment is efficiency and extending production safety to the lives of employees, and proposes measures to absorb and apply these achievements in the context of the actual situation of the company. The study proposes a "1-2-4 model" based on the existing "2-4 model" of accident causation: a safety information platform, two levels of organization and individual, the root cause of culture, the fundamental cause of system, the indirect cause of employee awareness and knowledge, and the direct cause of employee behavior. In view of the problems of enterprise safety management, based on the model, this paper proposes measures to improve WD's safety management, including planning, creating a safety information platform, establishing a safety management organization and employing professional staff, introducing solid system construction and benchmarking activities, cultivating a progressive corporate culture, creating a good working atmosphere, truly putting people first, putting strong training and education in place, raising staff safety awareness, teaching employees about safety, adopting effective motivational methods, etc. This will promote the continuous updating and improvement of WD's safety management and ensure a healthy and sustainable development of the company as well as a harmonious community business relationship.

Introducing the Extended Safety Fractal: Reusing the Concept of Safety Management Systems to Organize Resilient Organizations

Although mandatory in most high-risk industries, the safety management system (SMS) is often criticized as burdensome and complex. Through its requirement to formalize all main activities, the SMS is perceived as bureaucratic and a vehicle for pure compliance and Safety I (one). Furthermore, the SMS is often detached from an organization’s core activities, goes against local practice and does not deliver the safe performance that was hoped for. By comparing the model behind SMS with specific requirements for process capability, this paper identifies a safety fractal that reflects the basic requirements that are needed to control safety related activities at all levels within an organization. It is further argued that the constituent elements of this safety fractal are particularly suitable to organize resilient performance, provided that resilience is explicitly identified as the safety strategy to follow and, as such, consequently implemented. This approach is then positioned against common safety management concepts as management system maturity, leadership and safety culture, leading to a systematic and a more comprehensive view on how to measure safety performance and resilience.

Research on Standardization of Power Grid Operation Safety Management Based on Set Theory

In order to solve the problems in current power grid operation safety management field, the paper firstly distinguishes the concept definitions and forms the uniform standards by discriminating the basic concepts in safety management field. Then, the extension model is formed through standardizing the relationship between different terms by using Wayne diagram based on the set theory. Finally, a set of concept identification algorithm flow is proposed to help the identification of concepts in actual practices. The research shows that, from the perspective of accident causation, the safety management concepts can be divided into two categories. In terms of the causation, the accident potential belongs to the hazard of second kind and third kind which is included into the risk; in the results caused by the causation, the accident precursor includes the near-miss and the accident without intervention which are included into the incident.

Концепция методологии управления запасами безопасности энергоблоков атомных станций

At present, there exists only a single approach to decision making on the safety of NPP, based on a probabilistic estimate. Nevertheless, the safety of NPP is substantiated, as earlier, from deterministic positions. To remove this contradiction, we have developed a concept of safety management, based on deterministic analysis. It involves the measurement of safety margins and their comparison with the deterministic safety criteria for substantiated decision making. This methodology is recommended for the nuclear regulation and NPP designing and operation.

化学プラントの安全目標

化学プラントの安全目標

Pioneering with UAVs at the battlefield: The influence of organizational design on self-organization and the emergence of safety

This paper aims to investigate how the ad-hoc and temporary way in which Dutch expeditionary military organizations are designed influenced self-organization and the emergence of safety of UAV operations in Uruzgan. This is done by means of a qualitative case study for which in-depth interviews with operators of the UAV unit within the Task Force Uruzgan were conducted. The analysis shows that developing safe operations depended largely on “self-designing” operators. It is also shown that aspects of Task Force design hindered self-organization and emergence of safety substantially. As a result Task Force design had significant safety consequences for both UAV operations and the operations of Task Force Uruzgan. These findings are used to reflect on contemporary safety management concepts and practices such as “resilience”, “percolation” and safety management systems.

Dynamic Analysis of Dam-Break Loss Based on Unascertainty Theory

As the Water-retaining Structure of reservoir, Earth-Rock Dam was widely used because of a wide accommodation, local material and rapid construction speed .There are 86 thousand dams having been built in our country, 90% of which are earth-rockfill dams. However, the aging and disease of earth-rockfill dams are becoming more and more serious. As time goes by, its security problem gets more and more attention. The risk management of dam is a kind of new concept of safety management which is brought in from abroad. One of the most prominent characteristics is that it is conscious both of its own safety and the effect of downstream, which effectively overcomes the deficiency of today's management mode, and it has practical significance to improve earth-rockfill dams management level , ensuring construction and public safety. The study gives the analysis of the economic developments effect on the dam-break loss, and establishes the dynamic predication evaluation model based on uncertainty theory. The model can effectively reflect the time variant characteristics of dam-break loss, which provides new attempt to dynamic predication of dam-break loss.

Risk management in power system control centres

This article is the result of investigations which indicated that conditions, particularly safety management, at power system control centres were either contributing factors or causal factors in the large-scale blackouts which occurred in 2003 all over the developed world. An exploratory research methodology was followed in an attempt to determine the baseline level of safety management within the control centres along with the applicability of the safety management concepts. The experience survey developed followed a flexible line of questioning which illuminated the context and produced both quantitative and qualitative data. The results indicated that there was no support for the proposition that the control centre business environment is becoming more complex and the risk management was not adequate; neither was there support for the proposition that the risk management strategies were based on more than one class of accident model. There was however support for the proposition that control centres do not use systemic accident models on which to base their accident prevention techniques. Key words: Risk management, accident prevention, safety management.

With the Advanced Management Concept to Guide Reform of Teaching Content "Petroleum Engineering HSE Risk Management" Master Course Teaching Reform

Chongqing Science and Technology University carried out the petroleum engineering security technology of well control technology as the representative teaching and research work, which formed domestic brands and advantages, was recognized by oil companies and Oil University. Petroleum Engineering HSE risk management" is one of the important quality course content. We introduced safety management concepts of DuPont are in the "petroleum engineering HSE Risk Management" course construction, brought "Security Experience Share" into the classroom and strengthened the cooperation of research and teaching, promote the teaching content updates. The application of advanced management concepts effectively promotes the "petroleum engineering HSE risk management" reform of teaching contents.

Management of Safety for Quality Construction

An overview of construction quality and safety reveals many striking similarities for these two management concept. Programs that have been developed to improve quality and safety performance have many elements in common. In some cases safety is considered a part of Total Quality Management (TQM). The close relationship between quality and safety implies that benefits would be derived by applying some or all of the following propositions: (1) Consolidate the safety and quality functions; (2) Apply quality concept to safety; (3) Optimize the safety management concept; and (4) Apply the results of safety aspects to quality. Within these past few years, the Malaysian government has made an effort on executing safety and health policies through the enforcement of guidelines as well as conducting site safety seminars and certifications. Ranked as a second industry in Malaysia that contribute to highest percentage of accidents at the worksite, the impact of loss of profit and unhealthy workplace affect the construction industry. Currently, these topics are being widely implied and stressed out in Malaysia by the means of enforcement; for instance, through ISO certification and local regulations and guidelines. This paper aim to provide a basis framework, this seminar which titled “Safety Management towards Quality Construction” tries to delineate the relationship and the importance of these two areas. The concepts of safety management and quality management indeed are still new in Malaysia. A proposed model which is also a framework is seen as a procurable method on defining the basic concept of safety management meant to achieve the expected quality level. In the aspect of proposing safety application model, a directive method of the Total Quality Management is used. A basic management application model as suggested by Walker (1993), is proposed to be used as a generic model to highlight the key features. Findings from individual survey are used to delineate the key points or processes of the safety application model.

Organizational-legal Support of Vehicle Safety

The work systematizes the vehicle classification and presents safety management concepts and terminology in this field. The article proposes the new system of juridical-organizing support for vehicle safety.

LNG safety: An issue of increasing importance

AbstractThe emergence of liquefied natural gas (LNG) to fill the growing gap in natural gas supply has led to a renewed interest in LNG safety. LNG regulations, which developed primarily in the 1970s, do not contain many process safety management concepts currently practiced by the rest of the process industry. Rather than continuous patching of federal LNG rules, a complete revamp using process safety concepts is long overdue, to maintain the excellent safety record that the LNG industry has enjoyed. © 2005 American Institute of Chemical Engineers Process Saf Prog 24, 2005

Safety analysis of contained low-hazard biotechnology applications

A technical safety analysis has been performed on a containment-level-2 pilot plant in order to assess an upgrading of the existing facility, which should comply with good manufacturing practices. The results were obtained by employing the hazard and operability (HAZOP) assessment method and are discussed in the light of the appropriateness of this procedural tool for low-hazard biotechnology applications. The potential release of micro-organisms accounts only for a minor part of the hazardous consequences. However, in certain cases the release of a large or moderate amount of micro-organisms would not be immediately identified. Most of the actions required to avoid these consequences fall into the realm of operational procedures. As a major part of potential failures result from human errors, standard operating procedures play a prominent role when establishing the concept of safety management. The HAZOP assessment method was found to be adequate for the type of process under investigation. The results also may be used for the generation of checklists which, in most cases, are sufficient for routine safety assurance.

Microbial hazards in food

Next to bacteria microbial hazards in food comprise mycotoxin-producing moulds, protozoae, viruses and prions. Epidemiological aspects are mentioned which are essential for the pathogenesis of foodborne diseases caused by these agents. Compared with chemical and physical hazards the occurrence or emergence of microbiological hazards depends on a variety of factors and influences during food production and processing that well structured hygiene and food safety management concepts respectively are essential. In particular this paper refers to the minimal infective dose for man, the factors influencing growth of bacteria in food and to predictive microbiology. The application of the hazard analysis critical control point (HACCP) concept for microbial hazards is mentioned with particular emphasis on the importance of monitoring. Due to the particular significance of the faeco-oral transmission route for many bacterial foodborne diseases basic hygiene measures assume a decisive importance in food safety management. The HACCP system is based upon such measures and should only be viewed as part of an efficient total hygiene concept in food companies. The example of drinking milk pasteurization illustrates that the introduction of the HACCP system does not constitute a fundamentally new development and that it should rather be viewed as a renaissance of old principles of natural science and hygiene.