Concept Of Praxis Research Articles

POLÍTICAS E CURRÍCULO NA LICENCIATURA EM ARTES VISUAIS: pesquisas do Observatório da Formação de Professores no âmbito do Ensino de Arte (OFPEA/BRARG)

O presente Dossiê resulta de pesquisas do Observatório da Formação de Professores no âmbito do Ensino de Arte (OFPEA/BRARG) e da Rede Latino-Americana de Investigadores em Formação de Professores de Artes (LAIFOPA). Analisa, a partir da atual conjuntura, propostas dos currículos de formação de professores de Artes Visuais no Brasil e América Latina. Os estudos orientam-se pelo conceito de práxis na abordagem do materialismo histórico dialético. Busca discutir processos sociais que engendram diferentes proposta curriculares nacionais e internacionais de formação de professores das Artes. Agrega textos de pesquisadores da região norte, sul, centro-oeste, sudeste e nordeste brasileiro e de pesquisador Argentino, integrantes do observatório. Os resultados das pesquisas são sistematizados com o objetivo de dimensionar mudanças e continuidades nos currículos da formação de professores de Artes Visuais e problematizar propostas curriculares contemporâneas que cerceiam a autonomia e a liberdade de criação na formação docente.

El concepto de objetividad en Gramsci

El trabajo discute el tratamiento de la cuestión de la objetividad realizada por Gramsci en los Cuadernos de la Cárcel, sugiriendo inicialmente la existencia de dos polos de tensiones teóricas en el interior de la tradición marxista hasta entonces: las Tesis sobre Feuerbach y su crítica al materialismo metafísico y el tipo de materialismo filosófico que desagua en el marxismo soviético. A partir de esta posición inicial, en la primera parte del artículo son discutidos los conceptos de praxis, “lado activo” del pensamiento humano, devenir y objetividad. En la segunda parte es abordado, en primer lugar, el posicionamiento sobre el concepto de materia y el materialismo filosófico, subrayando la crítica gramsciana al deterioro del marxismo por la búsqueda metafísica de una “primera filosofía” y la batalla por reintegrarlo a la perspectiva marxista de la praxis, sin por esto adoptar una posición idealista; en segundo lugar, se muestra cómo, recuperando la idea labrioliana de autosuficiencia del marxismo, Gramsci erosiona hasta tal punto las bases del materialismo histórico en la forma criticada que la propia tradición debe ser denominada ya con otro nombre: filosofía de la praxis.

Wyjście z laboratorium

The article is a critical insight into Ryszard Nycz’s theoretical and antropological project included in his book, Culture as a Verb. Sounding out New Humanities. The fundamental argument is based on the archeology of Nyczean concepts, and their philosophical and socio-political implications. The analytical process focuses on three points. Firstly, the issue is the non-reducing meaning of the cultural experiment, which is the foundation of the “new” epistemology. Secondly, the question is the new idea of temporality, historicity, and relations between nature and culture. Thirdly, the focus is on the concept of praxis.

Academic Advising: A Discipline of Praxis

Why do advisors do what they do in their advising practice? What challenges do they face in getting from thought to action, from theory to practice? How do they navigate those challenges? What is their process? What is their method? After briefly surveying the landscape of recent literature on the scholarship of advising, this article explores the concept of praxis in general, underscoring the critical importance of a scholarly approach and activity in academic advising praxis. The article mines the topics of the nature of scholarship in general and the ways in which it relates to praxis, offering concrete examples from within the academic advising profession.

THE PRAXIS OF HONESTY BUILDING AT SMPN 1 PEKANBARU

This study is aimed to investigate the praxis of honesty building in teaching and learning activities at SMPN 1 Pekanbaru. The data of this study were teacher and students activities in English classroom which were gathered by using observation and interview. The results showed that teacher and students have embarked the honesty praxis which is theoretically stated in Kompetensi Inti 2 in 2013 Curriculum by stimulating the aspects of responsibility, trustworthy, and discipline frequently at the main stage. There was a consistency showed by teacher and students in practicing the honesty as presented when the teacher gave instructions to close the book then all students followed it without any disobedience and it explained the concept of praxis is a reflection activity which bring theory into practice. It concludes that English teaching and learning activities at SMPN 1 Pekanbaru have contributed in the praxis of honesty.
 
 Keywords: Praxis, Honesty, English Classroom, Junior High School

The myth of racial democracy in the labour market: a critical analysis of the participation of afro-descendants in brazilian companies

ABSTRACT This research sought to identify the participation of different races in organizations and to investigate the opportunities for black people, in terms of employability and professional growth, in Brazil. To meet this objective, documentary research was undertaken with 117 companies, which are among the 500 largest in Brazil. The results indicated that racial democracy is a myth in our society, hence the need to move forward with social policies that minimize inequalities between white and black people in the most significant company positions. The process of producing and reproducing racism continues to restrict the of black people to the highest hierarchical levels. In order to achieve equality for black people in the labour market, we must evolve from social policies of ‘good intentions’ to the concept of praxis and be positioned among the benchmarks of militant sociology, establishing a set of affirmative government policies, accompanied by practices that encourage diversity in companies and denounce ideologies which reinforce the myth of racial democracy.

Exploring Creativity from Within: An Arts-based Investigation

This paper illustrates how art making generated a novel understanding of the creativity of health services, a context more often noted for its complexity, rule-bound operations and tensions, than for its creativity. Art was used to identify the researcher’s driving forces, facilitate reflexivity, and to explore research participants’ experiences of creativity. What emerged was a practice-theoretical conceptualization of creativity and a connection with the Aristotelian concepts of praxis and poiesis, and the formulations “creative implementation” and “creative activism.” This work provides researchers with a platform for conducting multilevel (individual, team and organizational creativity) and multidimensional (creativity plus innovation) research that is not only applicable to health services, but also to organizations that share some of the characteristics of health services.

What urban parents want: A parent network’s negotiation of school choice and advocacy efforts in underserved city schools

This community-based participatory research study examined the perspectives of parent participants in an organized parent network in Detroit seeking the best school options for their children entering Kindergarten within city boundaries. Their residency and school choices have emerged against the grain of public schools that have racially charged histories and decades of residential mobility trends. Examined are ways in which the parent network researched, collaborated, and made informed public, private, and charter school choices. Through the lens of Freire’s concept of praxis, interviews documented parents’ perspectives during the inception year for fulfilling school and community linkages and roles in improving city schools and enhanced knowledge of traits of successful schools that inform expectations for curriculum, school culture, and impressions of school visits.

Faith, Work, and Praxis: A Process Model of Integration for Christian Student Affairs Administrators

ABSTRACTThe scholarship regarding faith integration practice has largely focused on faculty work; however, the field faces a paucity of data-supported approaches to understanding faith integration in the work lives of administrators. In this qualitative study, we developed a conceptual model that employs the concept of praxis to analyze the process by which mid-level student affairs administrators integrate their faith in their professional work lives. Findings show that the praxis model illuminates the sources of religious commitment that student affairs administrators drew upon when merging their faith commitments with their work lives. The model also highlights the introspective nature of faith integration, the power dynamics inherent in their interactions with students and superiors, and the individual and systemic change that resulted. Participants' religious habitus, reflective of personal experience as well as professional socialization, were both unconsidered and deliberate. Despite participants' claims that integration occurred organically and reflexively, intentionality before, during, and after integration situations was a hallmark of these exemplars' professional practice. The praxis model may be a valuable professional development tool for individuals, institutions, and graduate programs.

The power of language in the age of austerity: Volunteers and practitioners reflect on UK civil society

This article is offered as an example of practice-based research, focusing on the concept of praxis: the bringing together of research, theory and action. It does this by exploring the challenges of group work and collaborative thinking, sharing the learning and reflection of a group of civil society practitioners, from a range of different backgrounds and knowledge practices. The group came together under the auspices of the Raymond Williams Foundation, to reflect on 'keywords' that underpin their work in civil society. Using Raymond Williams's approach to hermeneutics, they considered how language is used and embedded within society. The approach allowed for the possibility of critiquing and contesting ideas that have become ideologically or politically dominant. The group considered the keywords 'charity', 'philanthropy' and 'voluntarism', and how their meanings have changed and evolved within society. The debate also brought into focus current concerns about shrinking state provision and consideration of whether the UK is witnessing a renewed focus on charity and corporate philanthropy. Ultimately, the article describes both the tensions and areas of commonality within the group in response to the debate, as well as opening up the group's learning experience to critical examination.

Family Matters: an Arendtian Critique of Organizational Structures

In this paper, we use Hannah Arendt's conception of praxis and her critique of family to diagnose how praxis and diversity initiatives may suffer when family is used as an organizing principle. As an organizing principle, notions of family function to promote hierarchical sameness within organizations, thereby suppressing diversity. In response to hierarchical sameness, Arendtian praxis can destabilize homogenizing tendencies, and effect social change by challenging ‘business as usual’. Further, because praxis is situated within a diverse, plural community of actors, it is able to appreciate diversity within organizations. Hence, we suggest that organizations can ‘do’ diversity better with a structure that enables praxis to emerge. In addition, we point to ways in which family as an organizational principle privileges a narrow conception of family that obscures gender, racial, sexual and class‐based inequities. This project contributes to the feminist scholarship on diversity and organizational inequities.

The Praxis School’s Marxist Humanism and Mihailo Marković’s Theory of Communication

Mihailo Marković (1923–2010) was one of the leading members of the Yugoslav Praxis Group. Among other topics, he worked on the theory of communication and dialectical meaning, which makes his approach relevant for a contemporary critical theory of communication. This paper asks: How did Mihailo Marković conceive of communication? Marković turned towards Serbian nationalism and became the Vice-President of the Serbian Socialist Party. Given that nationalism is a particular form of ideological communication, an ideological anti-praxis that communicates the principle of nationhood, a critical theory of communication also needs to engage with aspects of ideology and nationalism. This paper therefore also asks whether there is a nationalist potential in Marković’s theory in particular or even in Marxist humanism in general. For providing answers to these questions, the article revisits Yugoslav praxis philosophy, the concepts of praxis, communication, ideology and nationalism. It shows the importance of a full humanism and the pitfalls of truncated humanism in critical theory in general and the critical theory of communication in particular. Taking into account complete humanism, the paper introduces the concept of praxis communication.

Validity as Research Praxis: A Study of Self-Reflection and Engagement in Qualitative Inquiry

This article continues explorations into the concept of validity by looking closely at the notion of praxis as it might be involved in establishing validity through the doing of qualitative inquiry. Departing from thinking of the qualitative researcher as an instrument to thinking of the engagement of the researcher in the research process as praxis-oriented, new ways of thinking about how validity is established intra-actively are articulated. I report on an in-depth qualitative interview study of nine Christian women talking about their faiths. Instead of focusing on the substantive findings of the article, I analyzed the researcher–participant interactions using the concept of praxis to articulate five distinct ways validity was established through the researching process. These findings challenge correspondence theories of truth as the basis for validity and, instead, engage in a dialogic, complex notion of truth-telling as the point of resonance for validity.

An exploration of educative praxis: Reflections on Marx’s concept praxis, informed by the Lacanian concepts act and event

This article explores an aspect of Karl Marx’s concept, praxis. Praxis is meaningful work, through which we fulfil ourselves by fulfilling others. The discussion draws on the author’s work with postgraduate student teachers, where both students and author were researching their own practice. Reflecting Marx’s conception of praxis as subjective fulfilment in the objective world, this activity was intended to trouble and complicate the categories ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’, whilst enabling students to become both more autonomous and other-oriented. The intention behind this article is to develop the theoretical vocabulary of praxis available to educational researchers and practitioners. Some ideas from Lacanian psychoanalysis are introduced, followed by extensive discussion of Slavoj Žižek’s concepts, ‘act’ and ‘event’. The key argument is that in a nascent educative praxis, ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ perspectives can be understood not as fixed points of reference, but as dual orientations on a flow of signification. These ideas are developed alongside detailed examination of two university-based research sessions with student teachers. With reference to session activities, a rationale is provided for an emerging educative praxis, in which students explore creative tensions between ‘subjective’ and ‘objective’ perspectives on school-based practice.

Building a Child and Youth Care Culture of Relational-Centred Praxis: Ours to Make

Our purpose here is to draw upon the insights, perspectives, and ideas we have acquired in life and in our professional practice experiences as child and youth care (CYC) students, practitioners, and educators so we can frame a much needed discussion about the concept of praxis as considered from a relational ontological perspective. Our premise is that to truly fulfil the vision of being a relational-centred profession grounded in the core values and principles of trust, fairness, integrity, honesty, caring, tolerance, and respect for diversity and equality, CYC practitioners must reach deeper into the nuance of the concept of praxis to fully grasp its meaning from a relational-centred perspective. Thus, we present the case that a teaching and learning pedagogy that encourages critical thinking and promotes relational-centred praxis is more likely to bring about the deep learning and self-refection CYC practitioners must acquire to generate the inspiration, confidence, competence, and moral courage necessary to act as transformational leaders in the field.

From the Return to Labriola to the Anti-Croce

Gramsci belonged in a tradition which stemmed from Antonio Labriola, not from Croce and idealist philosophy. This tradition saw Marxism as a philosophy of praxis, a new and original philosophy distinct from both idealism and materialism. Gramsci took his lead from Labriola but also further expanded upon the latter’s approach by seeking the fundamental concepts of the new philosophy in theTheses on Feuerbach. In particular, Gramsci recovered both the concept of praxis and the concept of human nature from theTheses. With the concept of human nature, he expanded even upon Marx’s formulation, by including the individual within it in a way that lays the foundation for modern social sciences based on the notion of the individual, which was, in Gramsci’s case, a socially-rich notion.

A SOLUTION THROUGH PRAXIS? REFLECTIONS ABOUT THE IVORY TOWER METAPHOR AND THE INDISSOCIABILITY BETWEEN THEORY AND PRACTICE IN ORGANIZATIONAL STUDIES

ABSTRACT Purpose: The aim of the current study is to use the Ivory Tower metaphor to discuss and question the false dichotomy between theory and practice, as well as the insufficient pragmatic and performative solution towards the market logic, and to problematize the concept of praxis as a possibility through critical approaches. Originality/gap/relevance/implications: 1. the Ivory Tower demonstrates the existence of a gap in the relation between theory and practice; 2. the essay is conducted according to critical approaches; 3. the Critical Theory has the potential to deconstruct the assigned and socially constructed meanings of the Ivory Tower. Key methodological aspects: This is a theoretical essay that dialectically explores the Ivory Tower metaphor. Summary of key results: 1. the organizational science linked to the instrumental logic makes no place for praxis; 2. the Traditional Theory does not allow thinking about the relation between theory and practice through praxis, because it polarizes such categories and gives primacy to practice by demanding performance and productivity from theory; 3. based on the Ivory Tower metaphor, it is necessary to make criticisms for the sake of praxis and not for the sake of the practice understood just as technical and instrumental utility. Key considerations/conclusions: We pursuit solutions to remove the dichotomies that take the dialectical nature away from reality; it is necessary (re)constructing new ways to get in and out of the tower on behalf of emancipation, in the permanent and inseparable relation between theory and practice.

PEDAGOGIA CRÍTICA COMO PRÁXIS MARXISTA HUMANISTA: PERSPECTIVAS SOBRE SOLIDARIEDADE, OPRESSÃO, E REVOLUÇÃO

RESUMO : Este artigo pretende explorar a fundamentação teórica e filosófica da pedagogia crítica no Humanismo Marxista através do conceito de práxis (revolucionária) e através de uma investigação sobre o papel da solidariedade na superação da opressão. Mais precisamente, ele examina a vasta obra teórica sobre o Humanismo Marxista e como suas perspectivas sobre a opressão, alienação, libertação e revolução são essencialmente ligadas ao conceito de práxis, que é central para a pedagogia crítica de Paulo Freire. A solidariedade, que normalmente é apresentada de forma tangencial à discussão, torna-se um dos pontos focais do argumento, enfatizando totalidade e coletividade em uma visão de libertação destinada à abolição e superação (aufheben ).

Praxis or Talk about Praxis? The Concept of Praxis in Ecclesiology

Churches are in crisis. The turn to praxis in ecclesiology appears to attend to the current crisis; yet, the appearance might be deceptive. Since post-liberal ecclesiologies – such as John Milbank’s – consider neither quantitative-empirical nor qualitative-empirical accounts of concrete churches, the turn might be assessed as a turn to talk about praxis instead of a turn to praxis. Confronting Milbank’s concept of praxis with the ecclesiology of Ernst Troeltsch (1865–1923), I argue that Troeltsch allows for accounts of concrete churches since he conceptualises the identity of Christianity not as a proposition but as a project. Hence, praxis is the criterion for the evaluation of concepts of identity. Both churches and reflections on churches are to be ‘elasticised’ in order to attend to the current crisis.

Methodological implications of Marxian praxis in action research

When considering Karl Marx’s conception of praxis, numerous relations between it and action research come to the surface. These relations are not only important for understanding the roots of action research, but also future directions of the methodology. Marx’s short, but important text, the Theses on Feuerbach, not only constructs the foundation for Marxian praxis, but also can be read as an action research text, for it stands as an example of how to transform knowledge generation into a practical and active process. Moreover, praxis functions as a mode of epistemology and a revolutionary system that espouses human agency. One can further draw connections between Marxian praxis and action research in terms of how praxis requires researchers to be critical of dominant ideologies and methodologies. Therefore, revisiting Marxist theory, particularly its specific conception of praxis, is a crucial exercise for action researchers, particularly in a context where problems associated with the capitalist political economy continue to profoundly affect people’s lives.