Concept Of Matching Research Articles

Impedance Matching-Based Power Flow Analysis for UPQC in Three-Phase Four-Wire Systems

Different from the extant power flow analysis methods, this paper discusses the power flows for the unified power quality conditioner (UPQC) in three-phase four-wire systems from the point of view of impedance matching. To this end, combined with the designed control strategies, the establishing method of the UPQC impedance model is presented, and on this basis, the UPQC system can be equivalent to an adjustable impedance model. After that, a concept of impedance matching is introduced into this impedance model to study the operation principle for the UPQC system, i.e., how the system changes its operation states and power flow under the grid voltage variations through discussing the matching relationships among node impedances. In this way, the nodes of the series and parallel converter are matched into two sets of impedances in opposite directions, which mean that one converter operates in rectifier state to draw the energy and the other one operates in inverter state to transmit the energy. Consequently, no matter what grid voltages change, the system node impedances are dynamically matched to ensure that output equivalent impedances are always equal to load impedances, so as to realize impedance and power balances of the UPQC system. Finally, the correctness of the impedance matching-based power flow analysis is validated by the experimental results.

Indonesian Anti-Corruption Law Enforcement: Current Problems and Challenges

Corruption needs to be prevented and tackled not only because of its foul, but also economically cause financial losses to the state and is a violation of the rights of the social and economic community. This research is intended to analyze the law enforcement on some corruption cases in Indonesia. The results showed that the number of corruptions is still increase caused by factors such as lack of understanding of the law enforcement officers on duties and responsibilities, lack of morality of apparatus, as well as the lack of a functioning supervisory institutions. In completing a corruption case, should be implemented sincerely, careful meticulous in making the concept of charges and match with the formulation of the offense and the principles of the criminal before the case was transferred to the court. It should also improve the quality and improve the mental attitude of law enforcement officers.

Definition and validation of SNOMED CT subsets using the expression constraint language

BackgroundSNOMED CT Expression Constraint Language (ECL) is a declarative language developed by SNOMED International for the definition of SNOMED CT Expression Constraints (ECs). ECs are executable expressions that define intensional subsets of clinical meanings by stating constraints over the logic definition of concepts. The execution of an EC on some SNOMED CT substrate yields the intended subset, and it requires an execution engine able to receive an EC as input, execute it, and return the matching concepts. An important issue regarding subsets of clinical concepts is their use in terminology binding between clinical information models and terminologies for defining the set of valid values of codified data. ObjectiveTo define and implement methods for the simplification, semantic validation and execution of ECs over a graph-oriented SNOMED CT database, and to provide a method for the visual representation of subsets in order to explore, understand and validate its content, as well as to develop an EC execution platform, called SNQuery, which makes use of these methods. MethodsSince SNOMED CT is a directed and acyclic graph, we have used a graph-oriented database to represent the content of SNOMED CT, where the schema and instances are represented as graphs and the data manipulation is expressed by graph-oriented operations. For the execution of ECs over the graph database, it is performed a translation process in which ECs are translated into a set of Cypher Query Language queries. We have defined some EC simplification methods that leverage the logic structure underlying SNOMED CT. The purpose of these methods is to reduce the complexity of ECs and, in turn, its execution time, as well as to validate them from a SNOMED CT Concept Model and logical definition points of view. We also have developed a graphic representation based on the circle packing geometrical concept, which allows validating subsets, as well as pre-defined refsets and the terminology itself. ResultsWe have developed SNQuery, a platform for the definition of intensional subsets of SNOMED CT concepts by means of the execution of ECs over a graph-oriented SNOMED CT database. Additionally, we have incorporated methods for the simplification and semantic validation of ECs, as well as for the visualization of subsets as a mechanism to understand and validate them. SNQuery has been evaluated in terms of EC execution times. ConclusionIn this paper, we provide methods to simplify, semantically validate and execute ECs over a graph-oriented database. We also offer a method to visualize the intensional subsets obtained by executing ECs to explore, understand and validate them, as well as refsets and the terminology itself. The definition of intensional subsets is useful to bind content between clinical information models and clinical terminologies, which is a necessary step to achieve semantic interoperability between EHR systems.

Cutting path optimization for an automatic cutter in polynomial time using a 3/2 approximation algorithm

The optimal path to be followed by an automatic cutter to cut a set of shapes arranged on a material is termed as the cutting path determination problem. The shapes are often considered as polygons. Each polygon can be either cut entirely (complete cutting approach) or partially (partial cutting approach) before cutting the next polygon. This work solves the cutting path determination problem using the partial cutting approach. The proposed approximation algorithm uses the concepts of ma tching, s panning tree, and tri angulation, and is hence termed as MASTRI. The MASTRI algorithm has a time complexity of O(n logn) where n is the total number of vertices of all the polygons. The cutting path computed by the MASTRI algorithm is guaranteed to be within a factor of 3/2 of optimum travel distance of the cutter. No other algorithm has been developed for the partial cutting approach which runs in polynomial time. The MASTRI algorithm is evaluated on 285 input problems, of which 192 problems are randomly generated, and 93 problems are taken from literature. The experimental analysis shows that the MASTRI algorithm computes the cutting path in a very short amount of time. The comparison of MASTRI algorithm with existing works in the literature shows that the MASTRI algorithm gives a shorter cutting path in less time. The MASTRI algorithm can be used for computing cutting path in industries like sheet metal cutting.

Membership-Function-Dependent Control Design and Stability Analysis of Interval Type-2 Sampled-Data Fuzzy-Model-Based Control System

This article investigates the design and stability analysis of the interval type-2 (IT2) sampled-data (SD) fuzzy-model-based (FMB) control system with the optimal guaranteed cost performance. An IT2 Takagi–Sugeno (T-S) fuzzy model is applied to describe the dynamics of the nonlinear systems where the parameter uncertainties are captured by the lower and upper membership functions. To conduct the stability analysis for the SD FMB control system, a looped-functional approach taking the advantage of the information about the sampling periods is employed. Because of the SD control strategy, the state will be sampled at each sampling instant and the control signal generated by the IT2SD fuzzy controller will be kept by the zero-order holder during the sampling period, which will result in mismatched membership grades between IT2 T-S fuzzy model and IT2SD fuzzy controller that leads to the complexity in carrying out stability analysis. Thanks to the imperfect premise matching concept, which allows the difference on the number of rules and the premise membership functions between model and controller, the design of the IT2SD fuzzy controller can be more flexible. To further relax the stability conditions and minimize the upper bound of the guaranteed cost index, the membership-function-dependent stability analysis approach which can make use of the features of the IT2 membership functions is adopted. The performance of the control system can also be adjusted through the choice of the weighting matrices in the cost function. The stability conditions building on the Lyapunov stability theory and the performance conditions building on the concept of the guaranteed cost control in the shape of linear matrix inequalities are established to assure the system stability and acquire the optimal guaranteed cost performance. The proposed IT2SDFMB control design is tested on the inverted pendulum system and the simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed approach.

Space Matching for Highly Efficient Microwave Wireless Power Transmission Systems: Theory, Prototype, and Experiments

Microwave wireless power transmission (MWPT) via radio waves has been an important research topic of the WPT systems, where the overall power transfer and conversion efficiency is a key factor to evaluate the system performance. The state-of-the-art work on MWPT has only taken the end-to-end power transfer efficiency in free space or the power conversion efficiency of the receiver (rectenna) into consideration separately when optimizing the power transfer efficiency of the overall system. To comprehensively consider the system-level matching of the entire MWPT system, a novel space matching concept, including aperture field matching, power matching, and impedance matching, is proposed for optimizing the overall power transfer efficiency. By using the space matching method in this work, the optimal designs of the subsystem components such as the transmitting antenna, receiving antenna, and rectifying circuit can be separately obtained to avoid the complex systematic optimization of the large-scale and complicated MWPT system, therefore, significantly improving the overall power transfer efficiency by 19.4% compared with the traditional methods, and reducing the complexity in large-scale system-level design. This work will have valuable implications in the system design of MWPT applications.

Assortative Matching of Tourists and Destinations: Agents or Algorithms?

We propose that assortative matching, a well-established paradigm in other industry sectors and academic disciplines, can underpin the concept of destination matching. This provides a new foundation to integrate research concepts and terminology in destination marketing and destination choice. We argue that the commercial tourism industry already applies destination matching approaches, with three historical phases. Initially, matching of tourists and destinations relied on the tacit expertise of specialist agents. This still applies in specialist subsectors. For generalist travel and accommodation, human agents were partially replaced by online travel agents, OTAs, which are customised algorithms operating only in the travel sector. These still exist, but their share price trends suggest decreasing significance. Currently, automated assortative algorithms use multiple sources of digital data to push appealing offers to potential purchasers, across all retail sectors. Digital marketing strategies for tourism products, enterprises, and destinations are now just one category of generalised product–purchaser matching, using entirely automated algorithms. Researchers do not have access to proprietary algorithms, but we can identify which components they incorporate by analysing their underlying patents. We propose that theories of destination marketing and choice need to reflect these recent and rapid real-world changes via deliberate analysis of destination matching.

Multiband Terahertz Metamaterial Absorber Based on Multipolar Plasmonic Resonances

Terahertz metamaterial absorbers (MMA) have found wide scope of research prospective, remarkably in the development of multiband absorbers. Considerable applications are established using these multiband absorbers in THz imaging, wireless communication and bolometric detectors. The MMA was built on a GaAs substrate of 30 µm thickness and the hexagonal metallic pattern was etched out on a gold layer of 0.4 µm thickness on the top surface. The underlying ground layer is metallic backed. This design realizes the multiband (9-bands) of absorption in the spectral region from 0.56 to 0.92 THz. The multiband absorption mechanism of the absorber was examined by electric field dispersion analysis and impedance matching concept. From the established results, the absorber exhibits nine bands within a narrow frequency range and secures promising applications in hyperspectral imaging, clinical sensing and detection.

Towards Multimodal Data Retrieval in Remote Sensing

The world around us is multimodal in nature: seeing scenes, hearing voices, watching videos, and savoring flavors. Recently, multimodal applications, which deal with multiple modalities, especially image-text retrieval (matching) a topic of broad and current interest in the general literature of computer vision. Yet most of the existing remote sensing image retrieval approaches rely on the concept of image-image matching (unimodal). In this paper, we aim to draw the attention of researchers in the remote sensing community to a recent direction multimodal data retrieval (matching), particularly image-text matching, which is considered a recent research direction, due to its importance for human intelligence to grasp the relation between visual and textual content and to bridge the semantic gap between such different contents (modalities) in light of tremendous progress in deep learning techniques through highlighting the three main challenges (multimodal representation, similarity measurement, and dataset availability) that face researchers in this research line.

Millimeter-Wave Vertical III-V Nanowire MOSFET Device-to-Circuit Co-Design

Vertical III-V nanowire MOSFETs show potential towards the ultimate transistor scaling. A high transconductance and current density are achieved based on the gate-all-around architecture. This work presents a high-frequency design of such devices, achieving more than 600 GHz cut-off frequencies ( f T, f max), at 20 nm gate length. Furthermore, capacitance design and scaling trends, supported by COMSOL Multiphysics simulations derive state-of-the-art parasitics magnitudes for vertical devices in general, reaching gate-drain capacitance values of 17 aF/wire, corresponding to 0.2 fF/μm. A unique co-designed feedback resonant circuit makes the device unilateral, exhibiting up to 15 dB gain in D-band at 0.5 V supply, and with a current density of 0.5 mA/μm. Finally, a 2-stage low noise amplifier is designed using an optimum matching concept to utilize the full available bandwidth. The resulting circuit performance is independent of transistor gate length, since any decrease in device intrinsic capacitance is assisted by an increase in device overlap capacitances in a setting unique to a current implementation of vertical nanowire MOSFETs. With this approach, amplifiers are designed with more than 20 dB gain and minimum noise figure of 2.5 dB in a simulation environment at 140 GHz. The proposed technology and design platform show a great potential in future low-power communication systems.

Computational Design Thinking through Cellular Automata: Reflections from Design Studios

The current technologies have created a shift from Computer Aided Design to Computational Design in architecture. Computational design allows inquiries into what can be implicit knowledge in traditional design thinking, enables the definition of the mechanisms of design process and formulations of design knowledge and representation, and defines generative and evaluative knowledge. The purpose of this study is to discuss how Cellular Automata can be utilized in design studios to develop computational design thinking, through the examination of Frazer’s and Herr's studio works. After finding matching concepts and comparisons of Cellular Automata methods used in two design studios, the concept of ‘computation’ in Cellular Automaton studies and contributions of using this generative method in design studio will be discussed. In other words, this study will examine the content of Computational Design Thinking through Cellular Automata applications and their contributions to design education. As a result, since Cellular Automata methods are exploratory processes. They enhance seeing, reaching the whole from the parts, noticing the relationships and patterns between the parts and re-inventing them during and after the generative process. For these reasons, Cellular Automata have an important role in the development of computational design thinking in design studios with different concepts and setups.

Computational Design Thinking through Cellular Automata: Reflections from Design Studios

The current technologies have created a shift from Computer Aided Design to Computational Design in architecture. Computational design allows inquiries into what can be implicit knowledge in traditional design thinking, enables the definition of the mechanisms of design process and formulations of design knowledge and representation, and defines generative and evaluative knowledge. The purpose of this study is to discuss how Cellular Automata can be utilized in design studios to develop computational design thinking, through the examination of Frazer’s and Herr's studio works. After finding matching concepts and comparisons of Cellular Automata methods used in two design studios, the concept of ‘computation’ in Cellular Automaton studies and contributions of using this generative method in design studio will be discussed. In other words, this study will examine the content of Computational Design Thinking through Cellular Automata applications and their contributions to design education. As a result, since Cellular Automata methods are exploratory processes. They enhance seeing, reaching the whole from the parts, noticing the relationships and patterns between the parts and re-inventing them during and after the generative process. For these reasons, Cellular Automata have an important role in the development of computational design thinking in design studios with different concepts and setups.

Alternative solution for konigsberg bridge problem through the concept of matching

Alternative solution for konigsberg bridge problem through the concept of matching

Arranged Marriage: Adjusting Kafa’ah Can Reduce Trafficking of Women

This study aims to find the concept of match making or coercion in marriage against women. Women are more sensitive to match making issues and express disagreement with practices that violate women’s rights and endanger their future. However, previous researchers also considered match making coercion, sowe tried to research what if it was adapted to the concept of kafa'ah according to Shariah. The method used in this researchis a literature review by looking at the book an-nikah by Shaykh Muhammad Arsyad Al-Banjari, written in the 17th century AD. Through a hermeneuticalapproach, the researcher explores the marriage problems that her parents thought to becornering women in marriage problems. We try to uncover marriage problems that are sometimes considered to push women into marriage problems by their parents. This research proves that the concept of kafa'ah in al-Banjari theory can eliminate the perception of match making with a coercive system, because in the kafa'ah what is prioritized is a person's faith relationship which is ultimatelyable to maintain the honor of his wife and family. Not only in terms of material, but more inclined to approach immaterial needs. The Immaterial approach is evidenced by the harmonious relationship between the two families of the bride and groom.

Coarse-grained discrete element method for granular shear flow

Powder mixing process plays an important role in chemical industries. In manufacturing sectors, there is a great demand for developing a coarse-grained model of a discrete element method (DEM) to perform DEM simulations of powder mixing processes at the manufacturing scale. Herein, we present a coarse-grained method for granular shear flow (CGSF). The CGSF was developed for a powder mixing process with a dense granular shear flow. The CGSF was built to match four types of energies between the coarse-grained and original particles under a granular shear flow. Based on the energy matching concept, scaling laws for the contact force parameters were derived. A scaling law for the sliding friction coefficient was derived considering the sliding friction damping between the original particles in the intra-coarse-grained region as well as those in the inter-coarse-grained regions. The CGSF was applied to the coarse-grained DEM simulation of a rotating drum mixer, and its performance was evaluated. The coarse-grained DEM simulation with the CGSF exhibited a result quite similar to the original case in terms of the particle velocity, kinetic energy, and degree of particle mixing. The most critical scaling was of the sliding friction coefficient, suggesting the significance of the scaling law proposed for the sliding friction. In conclusion, we demonstrated the effectiveness of the proposed CGSF for the coarse-grained DEM simulation of a powder mixing process with a dense granular shear flow.

Bioinspired metagel with broadband tunable impedance matching.

To maximize energy transmission from a source through a media, the concept of impedance matching has been established in electrical, acoustic, and optical engineering. However, existing design of acoustic impedance matching, which extends exactly by a quarter wavelength, sets a fundamental limit of narrowband transmission. Here, we report a previously unknown class of bioinspired metagel impedance transformers to overcome this limit. The transformer embeds a two-dimensional metamaterial matrix of steel cylinders into hydrogel. Using experimental data of the biosonar from the Indo-Pacific humpback dolphin, we demonstrate through theoretical analysis that broadband transmission is achieved when the bioinspired acoustic impedance function is introduced. Furthermore, we experimentally show that the metagel device offers efficient implementation in broadband underwater ultrasound detection with the benefit of being soft and tunable. The bioinspired two-dimensional metagel breaks the length-wavelength dependence, which paves a previously unexplored way for designing next-generation broadband impedance matching devices in diverse wave engineering.

Evaluation of a Concept Mapping Task Using Named Entity Recognition and Normalization in Unstructured Clinical Text

In this pilot study, we explore the feasibility and accuracy of using a query in a commercial natural language processing engine in a named entity recognition and normalization task to extract a wide spectrum of clinical concepts from free text clinical letters. Editorial guidance developed by two independent clinicians was used to annotate sixty anonymized clinic letters to create the gold standard. Concepts were categorized by semantic type, and labels were applied to indicate contextual attributes such as negation. The natural language processing (NLP) engine was Linguamatics I2E version 5.3.1, equipped with an algorithm for contextualizing words and phrases and an ontology of terms from Intelligent Medical Objects to which those tokens were mapped. Performance of the engine was assessed on a training set of the documents using precision, recall, and the F1 score, with subset analysis for semantic type, accurate negation, exact versus partial conceptual matching, and discontinuous text. The engine underwent tuning, and the final performance was determined for a test set. The test set showed an F1 score of 0.81 and 0.84 using strict and relaxed criteria respectively when appropriate negation was not required and 0.75 and 0.77 when it was. F1 scores were higher when concepts were derived from continuous text only. This pilot study showed that a commercially available NLP engine delivered good overall results for identifying a wide spectrum of structured clinical concepts. Such a system holds promise for extracting concepts from free text to populate problem lists or for data mining projects.

AyaTEC

The absence of publicly available reusable test collections for Arabic question answering on the Holy Qur’an has impeded the possibility of fairly comparing the performance of systems in that domain. In this article, we introduce AyaTEC , a reusable test collection for verse-based question answering on the Holy Qur’an, which serves as a common experimental testbed for this task. AyaTEC includes 207 questions (with their corresponding 1,762 answers) covering 11 topic categories of the Holy Qur’an that target the information needs of both curious and skeptical users. To the best of our effort, the answers to the questions (each represented as a sequence of verses) in AyaTEC were exhaustive—that is, all qur’anic verses that directly answered the questions were exhaustively extracted and annotated. To facilitate the use of AyaTEC in evaluating the systems designed for that task, we propose several evaluation measures to support the different types of questions and the nature of verse-based answers while integrating the concept of partial matching of answers in the evaluation.

Predictors of attendance in outpatient group treatment for women with posttraumatic stress disorder and substance use disorder

Objective: The present study investigated predictors of treatment attendance among 226 women with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and substance use disorder (SUD). Participants received either an integrated intervention for PTSD and SUD (“Seeking Safety”) or a relapse prevention training (RPT) as part of a multicenter randomized controlled trial. Method: Beta-binomial regression was conducted to investigate baseline sociodemographic, motivational, mental health and substance use predictors of session attendance. Treatment by predictor interactions were included to identify treatment-specific predictors. Results: Session attendance was predicted by employment status, drug use severity and abstinence status. Higher drug use severity and unemployment were associated with less session attendance. The effect of abstinence status was treatment-specific, with abstinent participants in RPT attending most sessions. Conclusions: Considering individual characteristics could enhance session attendance in outpatient treatment for women with PTSD and SUD. This might include matching treatment concepts to abstinence status, the identification of attendance barriers in unemployed women and more intensive treatment settings for those with severe drug use.

Dual-band terahertz absorber based on graphene periodic arrays of disks and ribbons: circuit model approach

A dual narrow band perfect THz absorber is presented in this work. The structure includes three layers of graphene ribbons, disks, and sheet on the TOPAS dielectric layer while a golden plate is placed at the bottom to act as a fully reflecting mirror against THz waves. According to the simulations, the device is robust enough to show independent operation versus layers thicknesses variations, chemical potentials mismatches, and changing of electron relaxation time. The designed THz absorber in this work is an appropriate basic block for several applications in THz optical systems such as sensors, detectors, and modulators. The layers in the proposed device are modeled via passive circuit elements and consequently, the equivalent circuit of the device is calculated. Leveraging developed circuit model and impedance matching concept, the proposed device is designed to perfect absorption at 1 THz and 7 THz. Ample simulations are performed using MATLAB and CST to verify the superior performance of the device. The presented manuscript considers the circuit model representation for three different layers of the device. For a unique structure, highly tunable response versus chemical potential is obtained. Circuit model approach and impedance matching theory are exploited to reduce computational time regarding conventional approaches.