Concept Of Manipulation Research Articles

Influencer-Centered Accounts of Manipulation

Advances in science and technology have added to our insights into the vulnerabilities of human agency as well as to the methods of exploiting them. This has raised the stakes for efforts to clarify the concept and ethics of manipulation. Among these efforts, Robert Noggle’s influencer-centered account of manipulation has been most significant. He defines manipulative acts as those whereby an agent intentionally influences a recipient’s attitudes so that they do not conform as closely as they otherwise would to the pertinent norms and ideals endorsed by the influencer. This provides a relatively simple and in many ways clear definition of manipulation. It sidesteps thorny debates about autonomy, freedom, or practical rationality. It also promises to reveal a conceptual parallel between manipulating and lying, and thus to explain why manipulation is pro tanto wrong. In one respect, however, the account remains ambiguous: It remains unclear whether, and to what extent, it requires that influencers’ beliefs about what is ideal for their recipients to be grounded in some effort on the part of the influencer to identify with or take on the role of her recipient. This paper explains this ambiguity. It argues that influencer-centrism cannot remain indifferent to the validity of an agent’s beliefs about the ideal state of the recipient and provide an identification requirement that would render the whole account plausible and sufficiently determinate.

Manipulative Techniques in Media Texts: A Case Study of Russian-Language Media in Kazakhstan

The article explores the methods of manipulation of consciousness in the mass media on the example of content analysis of Kazakhstan Russian-language sources. The authors reveal the concept of manipulation. Media manipulation is carried out at different levels - informational and emotionally expressive according to the two leading functions of the media language: information and impact. In accordance with this, the manipulation is realised at the level of information or expression. Examples of information manipulation through the expansion of information about the described object by including additional, metacommunicative and modified information are given. Another level of manipulation in the media is emotional and expressive influence. Such manipulation is based on labelling, appealing to authority, the interests of ordinary people, appealing to values, traditions, the use of associative binding, false comparisons, false alternatives, exploitation of slogans, conspiracy theories, myths, ridicule and other techniques. According to the authors, the use of media manipulation techniques generates cognitive tension when understanding additional meaning, which leads to a change in the attitude, evaluation and emotional perception of information on the part of the audience.

Dynamic Modeling and Improved Nonlinear Model Predictive Control of a Free-Floating Dual-Arm Space Robot

With the increasing demand for space missions, space robots have become the focus of research and attention. As a typical representative, the free-floating dual-arm space robot has the characteristics of multiple degrees of freedom, a floating base, and dynamic coupling between the manipulator and the base, so its modeling and control are very challenging. To address these challenges, a novel dynamic modeling and control method is proposed for a free-floating dual-arm space robot. First, an explicit dynamic model of a free-floating dual-arm space robot is established based on the explicit canonical multi-rigid-body dynamic modeling theory and combined with the concept of a dynamic equivalent manipulator. The establishment process of this model is not only simple and canonical to avoid the definition and calculation of many intermediate variables, but the symbolic result expression of the model also has the characteristics of iteration, which is convenient for computer automatic modeling. Next, aiming at addressing the problem of trajectory tracking and the base attitude stability of a free-floating dual-arm space robot with parameter perturbation and external disturbance, an improved nonlinear model predictive control method introducing the idea of sliding mode variable structure is proposed. Theoretical analysis shows that the proposed controller has better robustness than the traditional nonlinear model predictive controller. Then, an in-orbit service task is designed to verify the effectiveness of the proposed dynamic modeling and control strategy of the free-floating dual-arm space robot. Finally, the dynamic modeling and control methods proposed are discussed and summarized. The proposed methods can not only realize the tracking of the desired trajectory of the arms of the free-floating space robot, but can also realize the stable control of the base of the free-floating space robot. This paper provides new insights into the difficult problems regarding the dynamics and control of free-floating dual-arm space robots.

Legal Goals and Means Manipulation: Foundations of the Theory

Introduction. Despite the fact that manipulative technologies for influencing social relations have now become extremely widespread, the study of legal goals and means manipulation as one of the main forms of manipulative influence on social processes remains outside the scope of research by representatives of both the general theory of state and law and branch legal sciences. According to the authors, this situation indicates that modern legal science in this regard clearly lags behind the needs of legal practice and is not able to offer a reasonable solution to very pressing problems associated with the large-scale and everyday manipulative use of legal instruments. Materials and methods. The authors of the presented article actively used both general scientific and specific scientific methods, among which we can highlight dialectical, systemic, formal legal, legal modeling, structural-functional, comparative legal, etc.The results of the study. As a result of the research, the authors of the article developed the basics of the concept of legal goals and means manipulation. In particular, the work outlined the author’s vision of the essence and specifics of legal goals manipulating, and studied the features of the manipulative use of both stimulating and restrictive legal means. Special attention was paid to the analysis of the technologies of legal goals and means manipulating, carried out on the basis of specific examples.Discussion and conclusion. The work substantiates the position according to which legal goals and means manipulation is understood as a form of lawful behavior carried out with the help of implicit tactics or strategy, which consists of setting or using legal goals, as well as of creating or using legal means in the interests of the subject of management (manipulator) contrary to the true needs and interests of the object controlled (manipulated). The point of view is defended according to which the challenges and threats that Russia is currently facing necessitate the creation of a state strategy to counter goals and means manipulation.

Toward Optimal Robot Machining Considering the Workpiece Surface Geometry in a Task-Oriented Approach

Robot workpiece machining is interesting in industry as it offers some advantages, such as higher flexibility in comparison with the conventional approach based on CNC technology. However, in recent years, we have been facing a strong progressive shift to custom-based manufacturing and low-volume/high-mix production, which require a novel approach to automation via the employment of collaborative robotics. However, collaborative robots feature only limited motion capability to provide safety in cooperation with human workers. Thus, it is highly necessary to perform more detailed robot task planning to ensure its feasibility and optimal performance. In this paper, we deal with the problem of studying kinematic robot performance in the case of such manufacturing tasks, where the robot tool is constrained to follow the machining path embedded on the workpiece surface at a prescribed orientation. The presented approach is based on the well-known concept of manipulability, although the latter suffers from physical inconsistency due to mixing different units of linear and angular velocity in a general 6 DOF task case. Therefore, we introduce the workpiece surface constraint in the robot kinematic analysis, which enables an evaluation of its available velocity capability in a reduced dimension space. Such constrained robot kinematics transform the robot’s task space to a two-dimensional surface tangent plane, and the manipulability analysis may be limited to the space of linear velocity only. Thus, the problem of physical inconsistency is avoided effectively. We show the theoretical derivation of the proposed method, which was verified by numerical experiments.

МАНИПУЛЯЦИЯ КАК НЕТРАНСАКЦИОННАЯ ПЕРЛОКУЦИЯ

In the modern information society, access to information and means of communication has become easier and more widely available, which creates a more vulnerable environment for manipulation. This article examines the phenomenon of manipulation (to manipulate) as a non-transactional perlocution. The research methodology includes content analysis of the literature, definition of key concepts, and contextual analysis to determine the characteristics of manipulation as a non-transactional perlocution. Manipulation by us is considered as a perlocution in which the recipient allegedly cannot take part (unlike such perlocutions as convincing or charming). The concepts of persuasion, manipulation and zombification are revealed and their use in media discourse is compared with the medieval expressions of seduction and darkening. The role of demons, which in medieval texts influence people in such a way that they cannot free themselves from the power of evil, is today partly prescribed to the media and the Internet. However, the assertion of media power should not serve as an excuse for the evil feelings, beliefs and actions of recipients. Manipulation can be blocked by the recipient if he self-critically asks himself whether the influence of his media consumption leads to evil. Disclosure of these issues will allow us to more deeply understand the nature of manipulation as a non-transactional perlocution and come closer to solving the issues of promoting media literacy as a tool to counter manipulation, and develop practical recommendations for improving public safety and the effectiveness of communication.

Manipulyativ nutq nutqining xususiyatlari

Manipulation is one of the phenomena that are highly affected by propaganda and closely related to media and political discourses. This paper is an approach, the purpose of which is to study through comparative contrastive, and observation methods the concept of manipulation as a and linguistic phenomenon where the central emphasis is on the manipulative techniques and tactics that are utilized for various reasons in various fields of study.

The influence of single-session reward-based attentional bias modification on attentional biases towards threat as measured by the N2pc component.

Attentional biases toward threatening faces have repeatedly been studied in the context of social anxiety, with etiological theories suggesting exacerbated biases as a possible cause for the latter. To counteract these postulated effects, research has focused on the concept of attentional bias manipulation (ABM), in which spatial contingencies between succeeding stimuli are traditionally employed in training paradigms designed to deliberately shift automatic attention processes away from threat-related stimuli. The ABM research field has been faced with various methodological challenges, such as inconsistent results, low reliabilities of dependent variables and a high susceptibility to moderating factors. We aimed to combine several recent approaches to address these issues. Drawing upon theories of value-driven attention, we explored reward-based contingencies in a Dot Probe task to improve the training's efficacy, combined with neurophysiological measures for greater reliability compared to reaction times, while evaluating the moderating effect of explicitness in the instruction. In a healthy sample (N = 60) and within a single session, we found a general attentional bias toward angry faces present across all conditions as indicated by the N2pc, which was, however, marked by large intrinsic lateralization effects, with submeasures exhibiting opposing polarities. This prompted us to explore an alternative, intrahemispheric calculation method. The new N2pc variant showed the attentional bias to have disappeared at the end of the training session within the explicit instruction group. Reliabilities of the main dependent variables were varied from excellent to questionable, which, together with the exploratory nature of the analysis, leaves this result as preliminary.

The perception of the Tiktok platform as China’s sharp power instrument in US politics

Public diplomacy can be defined as managing a country’s foreign policy objectives and protecting its national interests by establishing direct social relations and communication with the citizen or government of another country. Public diplomacy, which we know that each country has its own strategy, is handled from a different perspective in China as well. China, which has been identified with the concept of sharp power is confronted with the claims of the new rival of the USA. Recently, claims from the United States that China-based social media platform TikTok has been carrying out sharp power activities have come to the fore. TikTok is considered to be a major force for China as it has over one billion active users. However, there are debates as to whether China manipulates the peoples of other countries through this practice. Censorship and manipulation, the two main concepts of sharp power, are used in TikTok or does TikTok exist independently? The purpose of this article is to explore whether the TikTok platform, one of China's important public diplomacy tools, is perceived as a threat by American politicians. For this purpose, TikTok CEO Shou Zi Chew’s US Congress testimony were analyzed by content analysis method. As a result, it has been confirmed that American politicians perceive TikTok as a sharp power instrument of the Chinese Communist Party. It has been observed that concerns have been expressed about the concepts of censorship, manipulation, propaganda, control, and influence, which are the five elements of sharp power. It has been found that the TikTok platform is perceived as a propaganda device, a psychological warfare weapon, and not a public diplomacy tool or soft power element.

Capillary Underfill Flow Simulation as a Design Tool for Flow-Optimized Encapsulation in Heterogenous Integration.

As the power electronics landscape evolves, pushing for greater vertical integration, capillary underfilling is considered a versatile encapsulation technique suited for iterative development cycles of innovative integration concepts. Since a defect-free application is critical, this study proposes a capillary two-phase flow simulation, predicting both the flow pattern and velocity with remarkable precision and efficiency. In a preliminary performance evaluation, Volume of Fluid (VOF) outperforms the Level-Set method in terms of accuracy and computation time. Strategies like HRIC blending, artificial viscosity, and implicit Multi-Stepping prove effective in optimizing the numerical VOF scheme. Digital mapping using physical experiments and virtual simulations validates transient flow predictions, achieving excellent agreement with deviations as low as 1.48-3.34%. The accuracy of flow predictions is thereby greatly influenced by non-Newtonian viscosity characteristics in the low shear range and time-dependent contact angle variations. The study further explores flow manipulation concepts, focusing on local flow speed adjustment, gap segmentation, and the use of arcuate shapes to influence interface confluence near the chip. Experimental validation corroborates the effectiveness of each design intervention. In conclusion, this research highlights the potential of predictive engineering to develop flow-optimized package designs that enhance reliability while supporting high manufacturing yields.

Massive laser pulling of graphene nanosheets in water.

Light manipulation of graphene-based materials attracts much attentions. As a new light manipulation concept, optical pulling develops rapidly in the past decade. However, optical pulling of graphene in liquid is rarely reported. In this work, laser pulling of graphene nanosheets (GN) in pure water by using common gauss beams is presented. This phenomenon holds for multiple incident laser wavelengths including 405 nm, 488 nm, 532 nm and 650 nm. A particle image velocimetry software PIVlab is adopted to analyze the velocity field information of GN. The laser pulling velocity of the GN is approximately ∼ 0.5 mm/s corresponding to ∼ 103 body length/s, which increases with an increase of the incident laser energy. This work presents a contactless mothed to massively pull microscale graphene materials in simple liquid, which supplies a potential manipulation technique for micro-nanofluidic devices and also provides a platform to investigate laser-graphene interaction in a simple liquid phase medium.

Linguistic discourse in the system of language manipulative technologies (based on the material of english political advertising)

This paper attempts to explain what manipulation means and how it differs from other linguistic and manipulative technologies. The article deals with a number of issues related to the definition of manipulation since both in modern language and in specialized literature the concept of manipulation is used in many meanings. The purpose of the article is to eliminate the ambiguity surrounding the concept of language manipulation. We put forward the hypothesis that manipulation is an illegitimate linguistic process justified by the structure of human consciousness and the mechanisms of social life. The discourse analysis, descriptive and contextual methods made possible the linguistic analysis of fragments of political speeches of famous American politicians. As a result, the linguistic markers for deciphering the manipulative discourse strategy are identified, and the discourse structure of a political manipulative speech is described. The main types of strategies for exercising manipulative influence are considered on the examples of fragments of political speeches and slogans of American politicians Hillary Clinton, Donald Trump, and Barack Obama. The author reveals the physical and cultural concepts of manipulation and analyzes the linguistic forms that can underlie the manipulation of words.

Simulation of simple movements of Arm-Z oblique swivel joint chain manipulator

Arm-Z is a concept of a hyper-redundant manipulator based on linearly joined sequence of congruent modules by oblique swivel joint mechanism. Each module has one degree of freedom only, namely a twist relative to the previous module in the sequence. Although the concept of this type of manipulator is relatively old and simple, its control is very difficult an nonintuitive, which results in a limited use in industrial practice. This paper presents a simple simulation of Arm-Z in Mathematica programming environment which demonstrates a few simple but potentially useful movements.

Spatio-temporal programming of lyotropic phase transition in nanoporous microfluidic confinements

HypothesisThe nanoporous polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) surfaces of a rectangular microfluidic channel, selectively uptakes water molecules, concentrating the solute molecules in an aqueous phase, that could drive phase transitions. Factors such as surface wettability, channel geometry, the surface-to-volume ratio, and surface topography of the confinements could play a key role in tuning the phase transitions spatio-temporally. ExperimentsUsing a lyotropic chromonic liquid crystal as model biological material, confined within nanoporous microfluidic environments, we study molecular assembly driven by nanoporous substrates. By combining timelapse polarized imaging, quantitative image processing, and a simple mathematical model, we analyze the phase transitions and construct a master diagram capturing the role of surface wettability, channel geometry and embedded topography on programmable lyotropic phase transitions. FindingsIntrinsic PDMS nanoporosity and confinement cross-section, together with the imposed wettability regulate the rate of the N-M phase transition; whereas the microfluidic geometry and embedded topography enable phase transition at targeted locations. We harness the emergent long-range order during N-M transition to actuate elasto-advective transport of embedded micro-cargo, demonstrating particle manipulation concepts governed by tunable phase transitions. Our results present a programmable physical route to material assembly in microfluidic environment, and offer a new paradigm for assembling genetic components, biological cargo, and minimal synthetic cells.

Design and Development of a Versatile Quadruped Climbing Robot With Obstacle-Overcoming and Manipulation Capabilities

This article proposes a versatile quadruped climbing robot (QCR) based on multidegree-of-freedom legs utilizing adhesive vacuum suckers. For the first time, the climbing robot is simultaneously endowed with climbing, omnidirectional locomotion, large obstacle overcoming, and manipulation capabilities. A prototype QCR is developed by integrating the functional components along with vision and torque sensors. The kinematic and quasi-static climbing models have been derived under different scenarios with climbing safety checks by analyzing the adhesive and surface reaction forces. For potential application on the glass façade of high-rise buildings that are slippery and often full of prominent structures, a forward crawling gait and an omnidirectional climbing gait are planned to overcome the obstacles. A comprehensive torque controller is proposed for locomotion. The concept of the leg-transformed manipulator is introduced to accomplish the manipulation tasks under visual guidance. The robot's performance has been verified by performing several experiments in adhesion, crawling, visual-guided manipulation, and climbing. Results reveal that the developed QCR can stably climb, overcome obstacles, and perform manipulation on surfaces with different inclination angles and obstacles.

Pandangan Aksiologi terhadap Geoengineering sebagai Usaha Untuk Mengatasi Pemanasan Global

The industrial revolution plays a very important role in making the world more advanced, for example with the creation of motor vehicles, power plants, and fertilizers used in agriculture. There have been many disasters that have occurred caused by global warming such as storms, hurricanes, heavy rains, and changes in planting seasons. One way that can be done is by doing a geoengineering strategy. Geoengineering is an attempt to manipulate the Earth's climate to counter the effects of global warming. In the study of axiology, a science or theory must be studied about its uses which include ethics, goodness, badness, and aesthetics. Some of the world's leading Institutes have and will research geoengineering and seek the potential benefits of this science. However, if the concept of climate manipulation is misused as a weapon of war (Operation Popeye) and technology to destroy an area (HAARP), then geoengineering is said to have violated scientific ethics. Therefore, an axiological study of geoengineering strategies is important to do.

Sustainable pulling motion of an active scatterer

In this paper, we concern the generation of attractive net motion with respect to the location of external wave source for active spherical carriers. Here we recall that the exerted acoustic radiation force in an acoustic field resulting from an incident wave, a scattered wave, and the radiated wave from the active carrier, can be positive, negative, or zero based on the location of the object in the field. Thus, in a general case, sustainable pulling motion is not guaranteed. In this work, by considering the point that the average of the radiation force for an object active in a single mode, over a complete wavelength, is equal to the radiation force applied to a passive object (which is always positive), we put forward a technique to generate acoustic radiation force with a negative average over a complete wavelength to ensure that the net motion is attractive. The idea here is to simultaneously excite of the object in two modes of breathing and first, with a difference in the phase of excitations. We will also show that by controlling the phase difference, the average of the force exerted on the object can be positive, negative or zero. Moreover, we show that for specific phase differences not only the average of the force is negative but also the force itself never experiences a positive value in a whole wavelength at those phase differences, which this can be a desired state to achieve a perfect negative net motion. The formulation of the paper is developed based on the velocity distribution over the surface of the sphere, but an implementation method with piezoelectric actuators is suggested. Here, by setting the zero-radiation force state (i.e., radiation force function cancellation) as a reasonable criterion for determination of the required amplitude for surface velocity or the operation voltage, we calculate the averaged force vs the frequency and the phase difference. The current work, with the hope of achieving complete maneuverability extends the concept of manipulation of smart carriers and reinforces the literature on single beam acoustic handling techniques.

A critical review on formulation and evaluation of colon targeted drug delivery systems

A multidisciplinary scientific field that is fast growing is nanotechnology, often known as molecularly generated systems and technologies. Nanotechnology is a rapidly expanding field of applied science and engineering. It relies upon the concept of nano-scale manipulation of matter, meaning the ability to handle materials on a microscopic scale. Nanoparticles can be used to deliver a variety of substances, including conventional drugs, recombinant proteins, vaccines, and more recently nucleotides. Nanoparticles and other colloidal drug delivery techniques change the kinetics, body distribution, and drug release of a related drug. The treatment of negative effects and the distribution of therapy that targets certain tissues or cells are additional effects. As a result, nanoparticles in the pharmaceutical and biotechnology industries boost the therapeutic index and provide solutions to impending delivery problems for new classes of so-called biotech medicines such recombinant proteins and oligonucleotides.

Prototyp ekstremalnie modularnego hiperredundantnego manipulatora Arm-Z

Arm-Z is a concept of a robotic manipulator comprised of linearly joined congruent modules with possibility of relative twist (1 DOF). The advantages of Arm-Z are: economization (mass-production) and robustness (modules which failed can be replaced, also if some fail the system can perform certain tasks). Non-intuitive and difficult control are the disadvantages of Arm-Z. In other words, the combination of non-trivial module shape with forming of practical modular structures and their control (from state A to B) is computationally expensive. However, due to availability of modern computational power, proposed here approach is rational and competitive, especially considering the high cost and sensitivity of non-standard solutions. This paper outlines the general concept of Arm-Z manipulator and presents preliminary work towards making a proof-of-the-concept prototype.

Analysis and manipulation of the separation zone in an overexpanded combined exhaust nozzle

The combined exhaust nozzle is an important component of the over-under turbine-based combined cycle engine. During the subsonic and transonic flight Mach number, the ramjet duct suffers severe overexpansion, resulting in complex separation phenomena and poor performance. In the present paper, the fluidic injection is applied to improve the severely overexpanded nozzle's performance based on the idea of separation-zone manipulation. The separation patterns in a ramjet duct are numerically investigated, and the position of the separation point is found to be critical to performance. Separation that originates near the throat produces a longer pressure plateau and raises the nozzle's thrust, while cowl-side separation leads to a better thrust angle compared to ramp-side separation. Based on this phenomenon, the fluidic injection is introduced to manipulate the separation zone to occur at proper locations. The results show that the fluidic injection with a secondary pressure ratio of 2.0 can successfully induce a favorable separation pattern over a large range of working conditions. The average thrust coefficient is increased by 7.3%, and the thrust angle is reduced by 34.8%. The separation-zone manipulation concept is also verified using a 3D nozzle model which shows a similar benefit.