Concept Of Guidance Research Articles

In-App Reflection Guidance: Lessons Learned Across Four Field Trials at the Workplace

This paper presents a concept for in-app reflection guidance and its evaluation in four work-related field trials. By synthesizing across four field trials, we can show that computer-based reflection guidance can function in the workplace, in the sense of being accepted as technology, being perceived as useful and leading to reflective learning. This is encouraging for all endeavors aiming to transfer existing knowledge on reflection supportive technology from educational settings to the workplace. However, reflective learning in our studies was mostly visible to limited depth in textual entries made in the applications themselves; and proactive reflection guidance technology like prompts were often found to be disruptive. We offer these two issues as highly relevant questions for future research.

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BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING DENGAN PENDEKATAN RATIONAL EMOTIVE BEHAVIOR THERAPY UNTUK PENERIMA MANFAAT

This article describes the concept of guidance and counseling rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT) Islamic to increase the resilience of prostitutes. REBT is an approach that directive, the approach to reeducation counselees to understand the cognitive input that causes emotional disturbance, trying to change the thought patterns counselee to let the irrational thoughts or study anticipates the benefits or consequences of behavior. Resilience is the ability of individuals to adapt, so as to put themselves well against an unpleasant experience. Islamic REBT approach focuses on thinking (aqliyah) rational individual to the nature of the individual who escorted counselees aware that he is a servant and vicegerent of Allah in order to survive counselees his life in this world and hereafter. Islamic REBT counseling techniques are affective, cognitive, and behavioral adapted to the conditions of the counselee. Such techniques include: Assertive adaptive, Reinforcement, Social and Assertive modeling exercise.

Spatio-Temporal Steering for Testing Nonclassical Correlations in Quantum Networks

We introduce the concept of spatio-temporal steering (STS), which reduces, in special cases, to Einstein-Podolsky-Rosen steering and the recently-introduced temporal steering. We describe two measures of this effect referred to as the STS weight and robustness. We suggest that these STS measures enable a new way to assess nonclassical correlations in an open quantum network, such as quantum transport through nano-structures or excitation transfer in a complex biological system. As one of our examples, we apply STS to check nonclassical correlations among sites in a photosynthetic pigment-protein complex in the Fenna-Matthews-Olson model.

Steering approaches to Pareto-optimal multiobjective reinforcement learning

For reinforcement learning tasks with multiple objectives, it may be advantageous to learn stochastic or non-stationary policies. This paper investigates two novel algorithms for learning non-stationary policies which produce Pareto-optimal behaviour (w-steering and Q-steering), by extending prior work based on the concept of geometric steering. Empirical results demonstrate that both new algorithms offer substantial performance improvements over stationary deterministic policies, while Q-steering significantly outperforms w-steering when the agent has no information about recurrent states within the environment. It is further demonstrated that Q-steering can be used interactively by providing a human decision-maker with a visualisation of the Pareto front and allowing them to adjust the agent’s target point during learning. To demonstrate broader applicability, the use of Q-steering in combination with function approximation is also illustrated on a task involving control of local battery storage for a residential solar power system.

Creating stable Floquet\u2013Weyl semimetals by laser-driving of 3D Dirac materials

Tuning and stabilizing topological states, such as Weyl semimetals, Dirac semimetals or topological insulators, is emerging as one of the major topics in materials science. Periodic driving of many-body systems offers a platform to design Floquet states of matter with tunable electronic properties on ultrafast timescales. Here we show by first principles calculations how femtosecond laser pulses with circularly polarized light can be used to switch between Weyl semimetal, Dirac semimetal and topological insulator states in a prototypical three-dimensional (3D) Dirac material, Na3Bi. Our findings are general and apply to any 3D Dirac semimetal. We discuss the concept of time-dependent bands and steering of Floquet–Weyl points and demonstrate how light can enhance topological protection against lattice perturbations. This work has potential practical implications for the ultrafast switching of materials properties, such as optical band gaps or anomalous magnetoresistance.

CORRELATION BETWEEN SELF CONCEPT AND DEFENCE MECHANISM OF STUDENTS

Basically every individual has a concept about himself. The concept which has been ingrained in each individual, would influence the behavior of that individuals in various aspects of their life including in facing the problems. Only a little of the students are able to solve the problem well. Sometimes to keep themselves right in a problem, they “form” defense mechanism. This research was conducted to reveal the correlation between self concept and defense mechanism of guidance and counseling students of IAIN Bukittinggi. The population was the entire of guidance and counseling students that concist of 452 students, and 102 samples. The data was collected by using questionnaire that was processed using product moment technique in SPSS 21.0 version. The result shown that there is a significant correlation between self-concept and defense mechanism in facing the problem with the r calculated was 0.433. The strength of the correlation between self-concept and defense mechanism of BK students of IAIN Bukittinggi are at moderate or sufficient.

Massively Parallelized Pollen Tube Guidance and Mechanical Measurements on a Lab-on-a-Chip Platform.

Pollen tubes are used as a model in the study of plant morphogenesis, cellular differentiation, cell wall biochemistry, biomechanics, and intra- and intercellular signaling. For a “systems-understanding” of the bio-chemo-mechanics of tip-polarized growth in pollen tubes, the need for a versatile, experimental assay platform for quantitative data collection and analysis is critical. We introduce a Lab-on-a-Chip (LoC) concept for high-throughput pollen germination and pollen tube guidance for parallelized optical and mechanical measurements. The LoC localizes a large number of growing pollen tubes on a single plane of focus with unidirectional tip-growth, enabling high-resolution quantitative microscopy. This species-independent LoC platform can be integrated with micro-/nano-indentation systems, such as the cellular force microscope (CFM) or the atomic force microscope (AFM), allowing for rapid measurements of cell wall stiffness of growing tubes. As a demonstrative example, we show the growth and directional guidance of hundreds of lily (Lilium longiflorum) and Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) pollen tubes on a single LoC microscopy slide. Combining the LoC with the CFM, we characterized the cell wall stiffness of lily pollen tubes. Using the stiffness statistics and finite-element-method (FEM)-based approaches, we computed an effective range of the linear elastic moduli of the cell wall spanning the variability space of physiological parameters including internal turgor, cell wall thickness, and tube diameter. We propose the LoC device as a versatile and high-throughput phenomics platform for plant reproductive and development biology using the pollen tube as a model.

KONSEP BIMBINGAN DAN KONSELING ISLAM SOLUTION FOCUSED BRIEF THERAPY (SFBT) UNTUK MEMBANTU MENYEMBUHKAN PERILAKU PROKRASTINASI MAHASISWA

This article describes about concept of Islamic guidance and counseling through SFBT (Solution Focused Brief Therapy) approach to review helps cure procrastination student behavior. SFBT is a form of brief therapy that builds on the strengths of the counselee to help raise and construct a solution to the problem. The concept of guidance and counseling Islam through SFBT approach is a comprehensive approach so that more leverage in helping cure procrastination behavior. Procrastination is the tendency of delaying completion of a task or work related academic activities. Islamic SFBT its essence lies in the counseling phase focused on solutions rather than on problems so counselee more energy is used to find a solution. There are stages of intervention in the form of a question miracle (miracle question), the counselee is directed to find the magic solution that comes from Allah Swt. That with Allah, nothing is impossible if people want to try. Wisdom and the role of Allah Swt always "presented" to engage in the process of this therapy. Intervention practices covering Islamic SFBT; Changes in pre-session; Search exception; Search competence; Miracle questions; The use of scale (scaling); Reframing; and closure of the session.

Poradnictwo zawodowe z perspektywy poradoznawstwa i ekopolityki

Badania nad poradnictwem zawodowym mają zróżnicowany charakter i wykorzystują różną metodologię, zależnie od przyjętej perspektywy i zainteresowań poznawczych badacza. W tym tekście przytoczony został ekologiczny punkt widzenia, pojawiający się w krytycznych badaniach poradoznawczych. Koncepcje poradnictwa zawodowego powiązane z ekologią są tu omówione z podziałem na podejście konstruktywistyczne i konstrukcjonistyczne. Przywołane zostały poglądy wyrażane przez badaczy skupionych w takich grupach, jak poradnictwo w konstruowaniu życia (life designing) i model integracyjny ISM, oraz koncepcje pojedynczych autorów określane jako poradnictwo socjodynamiczne i zielone poradnictwo.

The Effect of Procedural Guidance on Students’ Skill Enhancement in a Virtual Chemistry Laboratory

Various cognitive aids (such as change of color, arrows, etc.) are provided in virtual environments to assist users in task realization. These aids increase users’ performance but lead to reduced learning because there is less cognitive load on the users. In this paper we present a new concept of procedural guidance in which textual information regarding the procedure of a task is provided to users. The users convert this information into physical actions to complete the task, which enhances their learning by creating a consolidated mental model. We use Multimodal Virtual Chemistry Laboratory, where students simulate a chemistry experiment with the help of procedural guidance. Evaluations reveal that the proposed guidance enhances students’ learning and consequently increases their performance in real-world situations.

Hybrid Surgical Guidance: Does Hardware Integration of γ- and Fluorescence Imaging Modalities Make Sense?

The clinically applied hybrid tracer indocyanine green-99mTc-nanocolloid enables combined radio- and fluorescence image guidance during sentinel node (SN) biopsy procedures. To provide optimal surgical guidance, this tracer requires the presence of both γ- and fluorescence modalities in the operating room. We reasoned that the combination or integration of these modalities could further evolve the hybrid surgical guidance concept. To study this potential, we clinically applied 2 setups that included the combination of γ-detection modalities and an open surgery fluorescence camera. Methods: To attach the fluorescence camera (VITOM) to either a γ-ray detection probe (GP; VITOM-GP) or a portable γ-camera (GC; Vitom GC), clip-on brackets were designed and printed in 3-dimensional sterilizable RC31. Both combined modalities were evaluated in, respectively, 5 and 6 patients with penile cancer during an SN biopsy procedure using indocyanine green-99mTc-nanocolloid. Intraoperatively, radio- and fluorescence-guided SN detection rates were scored at working distances of 0, 10, 20, and 30 cm for both combinations. Results: Using the VITOM-GP combination, we evaluated 9 SNs. γ-tracing rates were shown to be 100%, 88.9%, 55.6%, and 55.6% at a respective working distance of 0, 10, 20, and 30 cm. Detection rates for the fluorescence imaging-based detection were found to be 100%, 77.8%, and 77.8%, at respective working distances of 10, 20, and 30 cm. When the VITOM-GC setup was used, all 10 intraoperatively evaluated SNs could be visualized with the γ-camera independent of the working distance. Fluorescence detection rates were 90%, 80%, and 80% at 10-, 20-, and 30-cm working distances. The integrated detection modalities were shown to work synergistically; overall the, GC was most valuable for rough localization (10- to 30-cm range) of the SNs, the GP for providing convenient real-time acoustic feedback, whereas fluorescence guidance allowed detailed real-time SN visualization. Conclusion: Our findings suggest that full integration of a fluorescence camera with γ-detector (GP or GC) can be of value when a hybrid, radioactive and fluorescent tracer is used.

COLORIMETRIC COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF MASTICATORY EFFEICIENCY IN COMPLETE DENTURE WEARERS WITH TWO DIFFERENT OCCLUSAL CONCEPTS

INTRODUCTION: The appropriate masticatory function is of major importance in complete denture wearers, since it influences the digestion of food and quality of life. Thus, the bilateral balanced occlusal concept is used to achieve greater masticatory efficiency. However, a critical review of the literature reveals that there is not sufficient scientific evidence to support bilateral balanced occlusion as the most appropriate occlusal concept in complete dentures.OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to compare clinically between complete denture wearers with bilateral balanced occlusion and canine guidance concepts through the evaluation of masticatory efficiency and patient satisfaction.MATERIALS & METHODS: A controlled crossover clinical trial was conducted. The sample was composed by 20 edentulous patients who wore sets of complete dentures with both occlusal concepts periods of one month. Objective data were collected through the masticatory efficiency test performed by the colorimetric method with the beads, in which capsules of a synthetic material enclosing FDA approved dye-containing granules were used. Subjective data were recorded by general satisfaction patient questionnaire.RESULTS: No significant statistical difference was found for the masticatory efficiency and patient satisfaction between the two occlusal concepts studied.CONCLUSIONS: Both bilateral balanced occlusion and canine guidance improved the masticatory efficiency in complete denture wearers.

Multispectral Fluorescence Imaging During Robot-assisted Laparoscopic Sentinel Node Biopsy: A First Step Towards a Fluorescence-based Anatomic Roadmap

BackgroundDuring (robot-assisted) sentinel node (SN) biopsy procedures, intraoperative fluorescence imaging can be used to enhance radioguided SN excision. For this combined pre- and intraoperative SN identification was realized using the hybrid SN tracer, indocyanine green-99mTc-nanocolloid. Combining this dedicated SN tracer with a lymphangiographic tracer such as fluorescein may further enhance the accuracy of SN biopsy. ObjectiveClinical evaluation of a multispectral fluorescence guided surgery approach using the dedicated SN tracer ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid, the lymphangiographic tracer fluorescein, and a commercially available fluorescence laparoscope. Design, setting, and participantsPilot study in ten patients with prostate cancer. Following ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid administration and preoperative lymphoscintigraphy and single-photon emission computed tomograpy imaging, the number and location of SNs were determined. Fluorescein was injected intraprostatically immediately after the patient was anesthetized. A multispectral fluorescence laparoscope was used intraoperatively to identify both fluorescent signatures. Surgical procedureMultispectral fluorescence imaging during robot-assisted radical prostatectomy with extended pelvic lymph node dissection and SN biopsy. Measurements(1) Number and location of preoperatively identified SNs. (2) Number and location of SNs intraoperatively identified via ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid imaging. (3) Rate of intraoperative lymphatic duct identification via fluorescein imaging. (4) Tumor status of excised (sentinel) lymph node(s). (5) Postoperative complications and follow-up. Results and limitationsNear-infrared fluorescence imaging of ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid visualized 85.3% of the SNs. In 8/10 patients, fluorescein imaging allowed bright and accurate identification of lymphatic ducts, although higher background staining and tracer washout were observed. The main limitation is the small patient population. ConclusionOur findings indicate that a lymphangiographic tracer can provide additional information during SN biopsy based on ICG-99mTc-nanocolloid. The study suggests that multispectral fluorescence image–guided surgery is clinically feasible. Patient summaryWe evaluated the concept of surgical fluorescence guidance using differently colored dyes that visualize complementary features. In the future this concept may provide better guidance towards diseased tissue while sparing healthy tissue, and could thus improve functional and oncologic outcomes.

Time and Energy Management During Approach: A Human-in-the-Loop Study

Time and energy managed operations is a new integrated planning and guidance concept that optimizes the vertical aircraft trajectory to achieve a continuous engine-idle descent while satisfying time constraints. To investigate acceptance of the concept and the influence of pilot involvement on performance, time and energy managed operations were evaluated in a real-time simulation involving nine airline pilots. Three human–machine interface variants were tested; these varied in the level of information presented. The results were compared to computer simulations with a zero-delay pilot response model, to evaluate the effect of pilot reaction time variation on performance and environmental impact. Results indicated that the effects of pilot response delays are limited. Pilots preferred the human–machine interface variant that included a timer to support accurate selection of flaps and gear. Although the timer did not significantly affect system performance, it did reduce variation in the pilot response. Results further indicated that modifications to the time and energy managed operations concept are possible to further improve time performance.

Online concept maps in medical education: Are we there yet?

Background: Concept maps are widely used in education to promote meaningful learning, critical thinking and problem-solving skills. Such maps are of particular interest within medical education because concept mapping is a form of active learning, which can foster the life-long learning medical students require to manage an ever- increasing body of knowledge. Issues: Despite these benefits, the introduction of concept maps in curricula can often be met with resistance. To overcome this obstacle, providing varying levels of guidance, i.e., scaffolded versus self-constructed concept maps, may be more suited to novice and experienced students, respectively. Furthermore, immediate feedback (known to enhance student learning and motivation) is difficult and time-consuming to provide. Conclusions: As such, future research into concept mapping would benefit from the development and validation of automated tools for their assessment. Although concept maps are effectively utilised within limited contexts in medical education, consideration of how they can be most effectively employed is needed.

Influence of guidance concept in complete dentures on oral health related quality of life – Canine guidance vs. bilateral balanced occlusion

PurposeTo compare the impact of canine guided vs. bilateral balanced occlusion on oral health related quality of life (OHRQoL) as a patient-reported outcome measure. MethodsIn this randomized single-blind crossover trial, 19 patients have been provided with new complete dentures in the maxilla and mandible. OHRQoL was assessed using the 49-item Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-49) before the start of the prosthodontic treatment (B), 3 months after insertion of the new dentures (T1), and 3 months after rework into the alternative concept (T2). Multilevel mixed-effect linear regression models were computed to determine the effect provided by the new set of dentures and the specific impact of the occlusal concept on OHRQoL using summary scores of the OHIP-49 and of a 19-items subset specific for edentulous patients (OHIP-EDENT). ResultsAt baseline, participants’ OHRQoL was substantially impaired indicated by an average OHIP-49 score of 42.1 points and an OHIP-EDENT score of 21.1 points. The effect of provision of a new set of complete dentures was a statistically significant decrease of 8.3 points (OHIP-49) and 4.0 points (OHIP-EDENT), respectively, representing a clinically relevant improvement in OHRQoL. When wearing dentures with bilateral balanced occlusion, participants showed on average 1.6 points higher OHIP-49 scores and 0.9 points higher OHIP-EDENT scores compared to canine guided dentures. This effect of the occlusal concept was neither statistically nor clinically significant. ConclusionsBoth investigated occlusal concepts for complete dentures were comparable in their effect on patients’ perceptions with none being considerably superior in terms of OHRQoL.

Medication Errors: New EU Good Practice Guide on Risk Minimisation and Error Prevention.

A medication error is an unintended failure in the drug treatment process that leads to, or has the potential to lead to, harm to the patient. Reducing the risk of medication errors is a shared responsibility between patients, healthcare professionals, regulators and the pharmaceutical industry at all levels of healthcare delivery. In 2015, the EU regulatory network released a two-part good practice guide on medication errors to support both the pharmaceutical industry and regulators in the implementation of the changes introduced with the EU pharmacovigilance legislation. These changes included a modification of the 'adverse reaction' definition to include events associated with medication errors, and the requirement for national competent authorities responsible for pharmacovigilance in EU Member States to collaborate and exchange information on medication errors resulting in harm with national patient safety organisations. To facilitate reporting and learning from medication errors, a clear distinction has been made in the guidance between medication errors resulting in adverse reactions, medication errors without harm, intercepted medication errors and potential errors. This distinction is supported by an enhanced MedDRA(®) terminology that allows for coding all stages of the medication use process where the error occurred in addition to any clinical consequences. To better understand the causes and contributing factors, individual case safety reports involving an error should be followed-up with the primary reporter to gather information relevant for the conduct of root cause analysis where this may be appropriate. Such reports should also be summarised in periodic safety update reports and addressed in risk management plans. Any risk minimisation and prevention strategy for medication errors should consider all stages of a medicinal product's life-cycle, particularly the main sources and types of medication errors during product development. This article describes the key concepts of the EU good practice guidance for defining, classifying, coding, reporting, evaluating and preventing medication errors. This guidance should contribute to the safe and effective use of medicines for the benefit of patients and public health.

Implementing Trauma—Informed Practices in the School Setting: A Pilot Study

There is a proven link between healthy socioemotional development and academic success (SAMHSA in SAMHSA’s concept of trauma and guidance for a trauma-informed approach. Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Rockville, 2014; Alisic et al. in J Clin Psychiatry 69:1455–1461, 2008; Landolt et al. in J Trauma Stress 26:209–216, 2013). In order to achieve academic success, school systems serving children who have been exposed to trauma must deal with the unique challenge that come with resultant activation of the brain’s stress response (Perry in J Calif Alliance Ment III 11(1):48–51, 2000; Ford in Treatment of complex trauma: a sequenced, relationship-based approach. Guilford Press, New York, 2013; Schore in Infant Mental Health J 22(1&2):7–66, 2001). This warrants an alteration in how our educational system understands and responds to the needs of youth exposed to trauma (Bailey in I love you rituals. Harper Collins, New York, 2000; Stein and Kendall in Psychological trauma and the developing brain. Haworth Press, Binghamton, 2004; Badenoch in Being a brain-wise therapist: a practical guide to interpersonal neurobiology. WW Norton & Company, Inc., New York, 2008). Within the City of New Haven, the pressure to meet national expectations coupled with the reality that many schools within the city are impacted by the ripple effects of community-wide chronic stress creates added challenges. The New Haven Trauma Coalition was created to address the negative mental health and social effects of adversity, trauma, and chronic stress on families and school-aged children in the New Haven area. This paper reviews the process of implementing a trio of Direct Services in one public pilot school in the City of New Haven. It provides recommendations on how to successfully implement trauma-informed practices during the first year of implementation and utilizes a mixed-methods approach to outline findings obtained during implementation of three separate Direct Service components: Services Professional Development, Care Coordination, and Clinical Services.

Development and validation of a rule-based time series complexity scoring technique to support design of adaptive forecasting DSS

Evidence from forecasting research gives reason to believe that understanding time series complexity can enable design of adaptive forecasting decision support systems (FDSSs) to positively support forecasting behaviors and accuracy of outcomes. Yet, such FDSS design capabilities have not been formally explored because there exists no systematic approach to identifying series complexity. This study describes the development and validation of a rule-based complexity scoring technique (CST) that generates a complexity score for time series using 12 rules that rely on 14 features of series. The rule-based schema was developed on 74 series and validated on 52 holdback series using well-accepted forecasting methods as benchmarks. A supporting experimental validation was conducted with 14 participants who generated 336 structured judgmental forecasts for sets of series classified as simple or complex by the CST. Benchmark comparisons validated the CST by confirming, as hypothesized, that forecasting accuracy was lower for series scored by the technique as complex when compared to the accuracy of those scored as simple. The study concludes with a comprehensive framework for design of FDSS that can integrate the CST to adaptively support forecasters under varied conditions of series complexity. The framework is founded on the concepts of restrictiveness and guidance and offers specific recommendations on how these elements can be built in FDSS to support complexity.