Concept Of General Education Research Articles

A Study on the High Quality Development Path of General Education in Applied Undergraduate Universities

In the new era of leapfrog development and popularization of higher education, applied undergraduate universities play a vital role in the higher education system in China, becoming an indispensable force in building a powerful higher education country. Compared with the cultivation of academic talents, the cultivation of applied talents pays more attention to the traing of professional knowledge, abilities, and qualities, and pays more attention to the practicality and adaptability of talent cultivation. However, applied talents are not only technical specialists, but must also have goodcomprehensive quality, including citizenship, professional ethics, humanistic accomplishment, scientific literacy, etc., in order to better adapt to the needs of future development and change. Applied universities pay more attention to cultivating students’ practical application ability and entrepreneurial ability. General education in applied undergraduate universities has a significant impact on the process of talent cultivation. Based on the analysis of the current situation of general education in applied undergraduate universities, this article proposes ways to improve the quality of general education in applied undergraduate universities from updating the concept of general education, optimizing the setting of general education courses, reforming the teaching mode of general education, strengthening the construction of teacher teams, improving the evaluation system of general education, and expanding international exchanges and cooperation.

일반교육(general education)으로서의 초등교육의 개념

Objectives This study discusses the nature of elementary education as general education from the perspective of modern elementary education.
 Methods This study was conducted through a literature review and was reviewed with a focus on data collected through various information searches, such as domestic and foreign books, dissertations, and papers published in academic journals related to research on the basic characteristics and concepts of elementary education.
 Results As a result, elementary education as general education is an education that is conceptualized as encom-passing character, intelligence, and the competencies that have recently been emphasized in the historical con-texts of education. First, elementary education as general education is education that respects human values and creates human identity. Second, elementary education as general education is an education that lays the founda-tion for acquiring knowledge needed in a changing modern society, developing a more comprehensive per-spective based on the acquired knowledge, and enhancing intelligence in the course of life. Third, elementary ed-ucation as general education is a competency-based general education that strengthens competencies in the era of the 4th Industrial Revolution, which has been recently emphasized.
 Conclusions Elementary education as general education needs to focus on the practical aspects of education rather than the theoretical aspects of liberal education or liberal education, so that knowledge such as skills, abil-ities, and attitudes can be utilized more effectively and comprehensively beyond simply theoretical knowledge. Practical competency-based elementary education is the modern concept of general education.

The Dilemma and Path for Chinas General Education Development in Universities Since 40 Years of Reform and Opening up

Many universities bear the important responsibility of cultivating high-quality talents for the country, and it has become an inevitable choice to carry out general education. Since 40 years of reform and opening up, general education has made great development. However, there are many difficulties to be solved in general education because the research on general education has not yet matured, and there is a lack of formed institutional norms and generalizable practice models, as well as the phenomenon of utilitarianism of the concept of general education and fragmentation of general education courses. By reviewing previous research, this paper examines the dilemma and path for Chinas general education development in universities since 40 years of reform and opening up. Finally, it is concluded that the future development path of general education in Chinese universities is to correct students cognition of general education, improve the recognition of general education, and integrate the resources of general education.

Physical Education in University Access to the Ideas of Elementary Education

General education is an ancient humanistic educational thought, which has had a positive impact on ancient and modern education. In the United States, Europe, and many Asian countries, there are generally educational models under the framework of the concept of general education. From the philosophical point of view of freedom, based on free education, the thesis shows the rigidity, mechanical growth and stereotyping of school sports; guides to get rid of the influence of pragmatism and return to the positive style of sports, so that school sports can truly meet the needs of students' physical and mental development.

A Study on Re-positioning General Education in the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields>

In recent years, general education has grown more sharply than ever in the number of dedicated organizations and professors in universities. The “Korea Association of General Education” has grown rapidly into an organization with more than 2,000 members, and its academic achievement has grown so rapidly that the IF (Impact Factor) of the <i>Korean Journal of General Education</i> ranked 1st in the major category of ‘Complex Studies’ and ranked 7<sup>th</sup> among all academic journals.The National Research Foundation of Korea's <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields> is used as a coordinate for establishing academic status in Korea and as a criterion for distributing shares of the national R&D budget for research support projects. The organizational size of the Korea Association of General Education and the academic level of its journal definitely deserves a higher ranking than the ‘Medium Classification’ in the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields>, which is hierarchically divided into “Large Classification, Medium Classification, Small Classification and Detail Classification.” However, in reality, it is located in ‘Detail Classification’, which is the lowest rank under the name of ‘Basic and General Education’. This classification system does not sufficiently reflect the academic characteristics of general education. As a result, it is difficult to receive an appropriate evaluation in terms of academic research activities and research support. Over the past decade, the Korean Association for General Education, the National Council for General Education, and the Korea National Institute for General Education have continuously made many attempts to correct such contradictions.This study summarized the past efforts into a history of Korean general education and sought where and how we should relocate general education in the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields> in order to live up to the spirit of the era of the 4<sup>th</sup> Industrial Revolution. In the era of the 4<sup>th</sup> Industrial Revolution, which calls for fostering convergence talents, a renaissance of general education designed for a fusion of the academic fields, is expected, instead of one that promotes specialization. If the placement of general education in the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields> is a matter falls under the knowledge category, the subsequent classification method is determined by how, in our times, we can conceptualize general education. In order to study the category and concept of general education, it is necessary to establish a new academic field called ‘General Studies’.This study proposes to set the academic status of ‘General Studies’ in the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields> in the following three ways. The first option is to take the spirit of the 4<sup>th</sup> Industrial Revolution and upgrade it to the ‘Large Classification’. The second option is to position it as a division of various basic studies in humanities and sciences, because ‘General Studies’ encompasses “almost all knowledge that humans need to know.” The third option is to adjust it to the middle classification under the Large Classification of ‘Complex Studies’. Ultimately, the resetting of the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields> is to secure the identity and independence of general education. This study is meaningful in that it specifically presented three options for the <Classification Table of Academic Research Fields> and that it is a preemptive preparation for future institutional discussions on the classification of academic research fields.

THE INFLUENCE OF FOOTBALL CLASSES ON THE DEVELOPMENT OF SPATIAL-TEMPORAL ACCURACY OF MOVEMENTS STUDENTS HIGHER EDUCATION

In the article, the impact of football on the development of space-time accuracy of movements in students of higher education institutions. It is established that physical education in higher education institutions is an integral part of the education and upbringing of modern youth. When solving a problem that is associated with health promotion, development of motor qualities, formation of students' motor skills, the physical education system should be improved in line with the modern concept of general education. The current trends of organization of physical education in educational institutions, features of development of motor qualities of students and the possibility of using technical equipment during football classes are analyzed.
 Football classes can be conducted in various forms of organization of exercise in higher education institutions, do not require special conditions of organization and are implemented both in the gym and on the open playground, with a contingent of different ages, gender, level of technical and physical fitness. The quality of the educational process in football depends on its proper planning (formation of content, means and methods of training of technique and development of physical qualities, selection of parameters of physical activity and their rational regulation), as well as on the objective assessment of motor skills and skills of student youth. The need to improve the efficiency of exercise in educational institutions requires the search for new or improving traditional approaches to students' motor training. The introduction of technical equipment in the educational process of physical culture increases the developmental effect of physical exercises due to the possibility of purposeful influence on motor qualities in unity with training of technique, accurate dosage of parameters of physical activity and increased motor density of classes.

Approaches and Reforms in Undergraduate Education for Integration of Major and General Education: A Comparative Study among Teaching, Teaching—Research, and Research Universities in China

With the major education model as the dominant model, general education is squeezed in quality and quantity, and implementing the concept of general education is challenging. There are several problems in undergraduate education with “strong majors and weak general education” that need to be addressed in order to integrate major education with general education. Therefore, we selected three levels of universities: nine first-class research universities, seven key provincial teaching–research universities, and seven teaching universities from China. One-way ANOVA, principal component analysis (PCA), and cluster analysis were used to analyze the differences in three kinds of universities based on the total undergrad credits and “big category” majors. One-way ANOVA results showed that “total undergrad credits” and “big category” majors are significantly different between research universities, teaching–research universities, and teaching universities, but there are no significant differences in minor course credits, general course credits, disciplinary and major basic course credits, and elective course credits. Based on cluster analysis, the first cluster G1 showed that all the research universities had similarities in the total undergrad credits, minor course credits, general course credits, disciplinary and major basic course credits, elective course credits, and “big category” majors. PCA results confirmed that research universities are significantly separated from teaching universities and teaching–research universities at the PC1 axis, which has a higher number of “big category” majors. There are three key issues with strong majors and weak general education: (1) the difficulties in popularizing the progressive minor training model; (2) the low percentage of elective courses, general elective courses, and individualized courses; and (3) major transfer system restrictions. Based on their own student characteristics and school resources, teaching universities, research universities, and teaching–research universities are encouraged to enhance the cultivation of students’ compound knowledge and skills at the three levels of micro-major, double degree (minor degree), and minor-major (double majors or second majors), respectively. The universities should adhere to the diversified combination of general and major education, the integration-oriented undergraduate education, the reform concept of reducing burden and improving quality, appropriately increase students’ freedom of choice in undergraduate instructional management for an effective combination of “general education and major education”, and then bring the undergraduate education to a characteristic and high level.

Design and implementation of the course on Synthetic Biology based on the concept of general education

As an emerging branch of biology, Synthetic Biology has seen rapid development with great potential in theoretical research and application. With a lot of brand-new concepts and research methods, it brings challenges to university teachers, and little experience is available in China on the teaching of Synthetic Biology. In this study, we discussed the general education-based development and application of the course on Synthetic Biology (a discipline in "liberal arts" in Zhejiang University) from the background, design, implementation, outcome, and problems of the course, hoping to provide a reference for the optimization of the course and the design of similar courses in other universities in China.

Big History－General Education for the Anthropocene

What is general education? This question usually presumes that general education exists as a substance. Following this presumption, “artes liberalis” and “Bildung” are considered as the archetypes of general education. These two have different meanings, but they both set human beings as the subject and they both teach humanities and living arts. The Anthropocene, which threatens the survival of mankind, let alone the sustainability of human civilization, demands a new concept of general education that breaks away from anthropocentrism. The conventional Humanities-centered general education must break out of the egg of humanism. Big History, which provides scientific knowledge on almost everything from the Big Bang to the Anthropocene, can present a post-human general education concept and a general education model. Therefore, this thesis aims to find a way for a general education Renaissance in the Anthropocene through Big History.

Discussion on the Universalization of Social Work Education

With the development of the times and the continuous reform and deepening of education in China, it has become a new trend to introduce general education into social work education. The general education of social education can not only improve the basic quality of social workers and enhance their adaptability at work, but also help to solve the difficulties they encounter in social life. In recent years, with the popularization of the concept of general education, many colleges and universities also began to learn from the concept of general education to carry out general education for college students, which is of great significance to the general development of social work education. This paper studies and discusses the universalization of social work education.

Over de betekenis van het element ‘algemeen’ in het concept van de algemene vorming

Abstract The meaning of ‘general’ in the concept of general education The author aims at a conceptual-analytical approach. Up to now conceptualization and, above all, the realization of general education remained based on fundamental inconsistencies. Its ‘generality’ was accomplished neither individually nor institutionally. Class- and genderspecific discriminations formed a constitutive part of most concepts and of the educational practice as such. The author then discusses some essential characteristics of a presently relevant concept of general education. He concentrates on the comprehensive, ‘synthesizing’ powers of general education and asks whether the socializing and ‘homogenizing’ (Bourdieu) effects of a truly ‘general’ education can also be regarded as a contribution to autonomizing individuation. The considerations are primarily based on Humboldt and the recent recommendations of the Collège de France (1985).

Three-component taxonomy of Abdul Alizada in Azerbaijan psychopedagogy

The article examines the concept of Alizade’s three-component taxonomy, which is the psychological basis of the national educational program in Azerbaijan. It is noted that the taxonomy of learning goals has been studied by various scientists as an object of research since the 1930s, conceptual models have been created that reflect the structure of cognitive processes and intelligence. A.Alizade was the first to create a three-component taxonomy based on the principles of modern education theory. There are two variants of Alizade’s taxonomy. In the first version (1998), taxa are analyzed in the context of the Education –Development – Education trilogy with conceptual dimensions of modern education theory. In the second version (2007) of the trilogy the following: «Education – Development Culture». «Three-component taxonomy» by professor A.Alizade is the scientific and psychological basis of the document «Concept of general education (National Curriculum) in the Republic of Azerbaijan». Research conducted confirms the need for educational taxonomies to set the right educational goals so that students can formulate objectives correctly, select adequate assessment tools, and conduct accurate analysis based on learning In our opinion, in the current context of education reform in our country, there is a need for a broader study of the philosophical, psychological and pedagogical issues of the concept of taxonomy of learning objectives

Research and Enlightenment of General Education Curriculum in Columbia University

At present, the competition for talents in higher education around the world is very fierce. Under the demand of reform and the development trend of global higher education, the development of general education in Chinese universities is very important. As a non-professional, non-utilitarian education, general education The fundamental purpose of education is to cultivate the social responsibility of talents so that they can actively participate in social life and achieve comprehensive development. General education courses are a concentrated expression of the concept of general education. Research on the practice of general education is conducive to the improvement of the quality of talents in Chinese universities.

Research on the Transformation and Development of Japanese Majors under the Concept of General Education

General education is an inevitable choice for cultivating all-round development talents. Integrating general education concepts into Japanese professional teaching can effectively improve the effectiveness and timeliness of Japanese professional teaching. General education focuses on students’ grasp of multi-disciplinary knowledge, so as to form a sound personality, innovative consciousness and scientific habits, and then truly apply what they have learned. At present, the teaching philosophy of Japanese majors is lagging behind, the teaching model is outdated, and the teaching method is single. The integration of general education concepts can effectively solve the difficulties encountered in Japanese teaching. In view of this, in the transformation and development of the Japanese major, it is necessary to accelerate the reform of the teaching concept of the Japanese major, accelerate the reconstruction of the teaching system of the Japanese major, strengthen and optimize the evaluation system of the Japanese major, and finally enhance the interest, efficiency and application of the Japanese major teaching, and finally cultivate to produce Japanese professionals with solid professionalism, sound personality and comprehensive development.

A Study on the Improvement of College Students’ English Cultural Accomplishment under the Concept of General Education

Besides imparting knowledge, college English course is also a language carrier for students to understand western culture and a way to improve their comprehensive cultural literacy. Therefore, under the guidance of General Education theory, this paper attempts to integrate the appreciation of English literary translations into College English teaching, so that non-English majors can improve their English language ability, at the same time, they can improve their critical appreciation ability and cultural accomplishment.

The Teaching Assumption of Engineering Ethics Course from the Perspective of General Education

<p>The concept of general education is an educational concept produced by the comparison with the professional education and an educational mode in higher education. Engineering ethics is a new subject based on the development of humanities and science. The organic combination of the two can help students get better and more comprehensive development. This paper mainly studies the teaching method of engineering ethics course under the background of general education and summarizes and discusses it accordingly.</p>

Sergiusz Hessen jako publicysta „Kultury i Wychowania” w latach 1933–1939

The specific character of the interwar period promoted the development of specialist magazines, among others, also magazines from the field of pedagogy. Those periodicals published discussions and disputes which were a creative contribution of Polish thinkers, scholars and teachers-practicians into the process of the restoration of Poland by means of improving the quality of educational activities. Kultura i Wychowanie (“Culture and Education”) was one of such magazines which owed its high specialist level mainly to its chief editor – Bogdan Suchodolski. Kultura i Wychowanie attracted a number of eminent authors, including Sergiusz Hessen. The presented article focuses on the works of this Russian pedagogue published in the discussed magazine and, first of all, his contribution into the construction of the theoretical foundations of the Polish pedagogy of culture from the period of the Second Polish Republic. The articles of Hessen, published in B. Suchodolski’s periodical, were an elaboration of the philosophy which the author presented earlier in his book Podstawy pedagogiki (“The Foundations of Pedagogy”). They were also preparatory considerations to his subsequent book entitled O sprzecznościach i jedności wychowania (“On Contradictions and Unity of Education”). The subjects of these articles concern two areas: the essence and meaning of Weltanschaung and the role of the concept of general education. The author of the article specifies in S. Hessen’s works published in the magazine Kultura i Wychowanie a number of ideas and concepts which contributed to the formation of the theoretical foundations of the Polish pedagogy of culture in the interwar period. They included: – a concept of a teacher fulfilling a role of a liberating authority; the liberating and upbringing education; the idea of “acquiring” personality via “acquiring” one’s own Weltanschaung; a constant tension between community and individualism; co-creation of culture by individual people as the main factor of its development; the manifestation of the layers of existence at the subsequent stages of education.

SOFT SKILLS PROBLEM ON ELEMENTARY SCHOOL

<p>This article explains the problem of soft skills in elementary school. So far, the orientation of education focused on hard skills while soft skills play a lot on social environment after graduating from school almost untouched at all. This research use descriptive qualitative method with qualitative analysis technique of content (content analysis). The result show that the problem of soft skills in basic education is the competence of the professional profession although it is rich in the concept of general education and Islamic education. But when it is not balanced with the competence of the profession the teacher will have implications on the readiness to deal with the social environment during adulthood.</p>

A course reconstruction of Health Economics based on the concept of general education

Health economics is an important part of general education for medical students, but the traditional, professional-education-oriented health economics courses do not adapt to the requirements of medical students' general education, which makes it necessary to reconstruct the course based on the con-cept of general education. Firstly, the course target should be reestablished with the full implementation of general education concept. Secondly, the teaching contents should be comprehensively optimized with a substantial streamlining of traditional content system. Thirdly, the teaching methods should be improved in order to meet the demands of the target. Finally, according to the teaching practice, it is suggested that more effort should be put on the teaching ability of teachers, the mining of new methods and cases, and the construction of high quality teaching materials. Key words: Health economics; General education; Course reconstruction

Curriculum and teaching practice of general education course of ‘ basic medicine introduction'in Sun Yat-sen University

Based on the concept of general education in higher education,Zhongshan school of medicine of Sun Yat-sen University launched general education course-‘ basic medicine introduction' to all non-medical undergraduates.Teaching contents,teaching methods and teaching effects of this course were explored and evaluated.By introducing basic medicine,the overall objective is to guide students to consciously maintain the mental and physical health and to stimulate students' thinking on the meaning of life. Key words: General education; Basic medicine