Concept Of Cultural Heritage Research Articles

Traditional folk art and online folklore: is comparison possible?

At the moment the globality of its information fi eld became obvious, the information society virtually removed from the agenda the question of the existence of tradition and traditional culture within its borders. Certainly, their importance was not denied and, moreover, against the backdrop of increased ethnic activity, it increased signifi cantly. This is evidenced by UNESCO's attention to the protection of the world's cultural and natural heritage (World Heritage List, 1972), to issues of copyright in the fi eld of culture and creativity (World Culture Report, 1998. “Culture, Creativity and Markets”), the inclusion of intangible aspects in the concept of cultural heritage, including traditions and practices, beliefs and perceptions, languages and dialects, music, singing, dancing, and storytelling (Universal Declaration on Cultural Diversity, 2001). It is important to note that back in 1998, the World Culture Report considered cyberculture as a subject of copyright. This fact alone indicates that the principles of construction and functioning of the information society were clearly visible not only in the sphere of technology, production, and communications, but in the creativity sphere as well.

FACTORS INFLUENCING CULTURAL HERITAGE KNOWLEDGE SHARING AMONG YOUTH: SPECIAL REFERENCE TO AHMEDABAD CITY

Purpose – In this Paper, we have discussed about the knowledge sharing concept of cultural heritage and the essential factors which influence the same. This paper aims to examine the factors that influence cultural heritage knowledge sharing among youth in Ahmedabad district of Gujarat. The study determines to find out various factors that are influencing the sharing of cultural heritage knowledge among the Ahmedabad youth. It is found that reward and recognition was the prime factor in sharing CHK among the Ahmedabad youth. Design/methodology/approach Data was collected from 150 Ahmedabad youth from Gujarat state through a survey-based questionnaire. Data screening and reliability tests were carried out to confirm the validity and reliability of the instruments, factor analysis was carried out to check the stated hypotheses. Findings – From factor analysis, three major factors i.e. Rewards and Recognition, enjoy helping for developing good relationship, Self-efficacy and reciprocity were identified which influence knowledge sharing with each other. The study indicates that “rewards and recognition” is one of the major factors which influence the cultural heritage knowledge sharing. Originality/value – This study determines to identify the various factors that are influencing on sharing of cultural heritage knowledge among the Ahmedabad youth. It is found that reward and recognition was the prime factor in sharing Cultural heritage knowledge among the Ahmedabad youth. KEYWORDS: Knowledge sharing, Cultural heritage knowledge, Factors influencing knowledge sharing,

ОБЪЯСНЕНИЕ ПОНЯТИЯ КУЛЬТУРНОГО НАСЛЕДИЯ В ДРЕВНЕТУРЕЦКИХ ПИСЬМЕННЫХ ПАМЯТНИКАХ (НА ПРИМЕРЕ ПАМЯТНИКОВ, НАЙДЕННЫХ В КАЗАХСТАНЕ)

This article analyzes the concept of cultural heritage in ancient written monuments. The essence and cultural status of the preserved monuments in different forms are explained. Ideas are summarized on the example of monuments found on the territory of Kazakhstan.

CURRENT STATE AND DEVELOPMENT VECTORS OF LEXICOGRAPHIC PRACTICE IN RUSSIA AND ABROAD

The article analyzes the current trends in the development of lexicographic practice in Russia and abroad. The authors proceed from the fact that the evolution of lexicography as a socially oriented science is determined by a multitude of external and internal factors, dominated by changes in the social life, transformation of users’ data acquisition and reading habits, improvement of technologies, etc. Shifts in the lexicographic paradigm result in the unification of approaches to the creation of dictionaries as well as their content and structure, which indicates the integration of the global scientific and methodological space of lexicography. Lexicographic resources aspire for hybridization, which provides for the solution of a wide range of tasks, use of corpus data, “client-orientation”, which changes the user concept of dictionaries towards personalization of query and dictionary browsing modes. Dictionaries are created in an electronic environment using the capacities of new digital tools and artificial intelligence. Lexicography for specific purposes, represented primarily by terminological dictionaries, databases, ontologies and thesauri, remains a priority. Bilingual and multilingual lexicography is actively developing too, witnessing a significant growth in the number of language parallels and the expansion of the repertoire of services facilitating translation and communication processes. On the other hand, the development of lexicography is determined by national interests, which manifests itself in the creation of dictionaries that form and preserve the national identity of the members of the linguoculture described in the dictionary. The lexicographic concept of cultural heritage is being formed. It is framed by dictionaries of language and culture, phraseological and paremiological dictionaries, onomasticons, dictionaries of idiolects, mythology, folklore, etc. The lexicographic practice adequately responds to the challenges of the time, improving the existing and developing some new methods and techniques of creating dictionaries, thus formatting the general scientific methodological paradigm.

Comparison of Development Permit System According to the Concepts of Cultural Heritage and Historic-Culture Environment - Focused on Korea, England, and France

Comparison of Development Permit System According to the Concepts of Cultural Heritage and Historic-Culture Environment - Focused on Korea, England, and France

Արցախահայերի մշակութային ժառանգության ոչնչացումն ու բռնի տեղահանումը՝ մարդկության դեմ ծանր հանցագործությունների համատեքստում

The article analyzes the actions of occupation of the territory of the Republic of Artsakh by Azerbaijan following the 44-day war and the ongoing destruction of cultural heritage within the context of grave crimes against humanity (genocide, ethnic cleansing, torture, aggression, war crimes). It examines them under the clauses of the Rome Statute and other international regulations regarding the protection of cultural heritage in times of war and in occupied territories. Additionally, it identifies the grounds according to which the destruction of the cultural heritage of the people of Artsakh can serve as a basis and evidence of the "violent" aspect of the displacement of Artsakh Armenians. The article presents the processes of destruction of Artsakh's tangible and intangible heritage or suspension of cultural practices as examples of violations of the fundamental right to culture of Artsakh Armenians and serious crimes against humanity. The paper attempts to link the policy processes of destroying the cultural heritage of Artsakh, implemented at the state level by Azerbaijani authorities, with the actions of forced displacement, considering them as mechanisms for the implementation of a unified anti-Armenian policy within the framework of the broad concept of cultural heritage. As a result of the study conducted, having analyzed the clauses of the Rome Statute and a number of international treaties regarding displacement and destruction of heritage, as well as the ongoing destruction of cultural heritage of Artsakh by Azerbaijan, we can claim that systematic destruction of the values of both tangible and intangible heritage of Artsakh and the elements of identity related thereto, as well as the processes of forced displacement of a part of Artsakh Armenians following the 44-day war, creating an atmosphere of threat and total distrust, are grave crimes against humanity (including genocide, ethnic cleansing, torture, acts of aggression, war crimes, and actions humiliating human dignity) and factors contributing to the total depopulation of Artsakh Armenians. The overarching goal of the policy of systematic destruction of Artsakh's cultural heritage by Azerbaijan was not only the conquest of the territory but also the change of the ethnic composition of the territory and the expulsion of the people of Artsakh from their homeland. Moreover, we can claim that under the Rome Statute and other international regulations, the destruction of the cultural heritage of the people of Artsakh can serve as a basis and evidence of the "violent" aspect of displacement of Artsakh Armenians. The right to culture of Artsakh Armenians, including the right to communicate, enjoy, and pass on the heritage to the generations, was undermined by the forced displacement and destruction of the cultural heritage. Taking into consideration the significance of cultural heritage in terms of collectivity as well, the great role it played in ensuring the identity and social unity of Artsakh Armenians and their loss as a result of displacement, we can affirm that as a result of the processes mentioned, Artsakh Armenians were deprived of their natural right to recreate and ensure the continuity of their identity.

Research on Intelligent Strategies and Challenges of Intangible Cultural Heritage Inheritance in the Age of Digital Economy

Abstract The intelligent construction and protection of intangible cultural heritage resources is an innovative approach to inheritance and development that fosters the survival of these resources, as well as an effective arrangement for the joint development of high-quality cultural and intangible cultural heritage resources. In this paper, we design a resource library based on 3D reconstruction, which we then implement online to create an intangible cultural heritage landscape. In addition, based on the characteristics of volume video technology, the innovative experience of building intangible cultural heritage is applied. Through an in-depth inquiry, this paper presents strategies for promoting body diversity, creating engaging communication content, disseminating the technology in detail, and developing a communication strategy for the intangible cultural heritage concept.

CONCEPTUALIZATION OF CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION AS A SOFT POWER INSTRUMENT

The article examines the “transformation” of the concept of “protection of cultural heritage” in the context of current international relations. The development in modern political science discourse of such theories as securitization of cultural heritage, “geocultural” power, and diplomacy of cultural heritage allows us to talk about a change, or rather, an expansion of the meaning of the term field “protection of cultural heritage.” Based on an analysis of scientific works devoted to the study of the role of cultural heritage in international political processes, as well as specialized UNESCO reports on the connection between the UN sustainable development goals and culture in general, and reports of some specialized structures (for example, the British Council), the following conclusions can be drawn. First, in the last decade, the potential of cultural heritage for state foreign policy and international heritage management has attracted increasing interest among researchers from different countries. At the moment, there is no single or established definition of heritage diplomacy. In earlier studies, heritage diplomacy has generally been associated with multinational cooperation in international heritage management within the framework of UNESCO. More recent concepts of heritage diplomacy have expanded to include more policy areas, such as sustainable development policy. Secondly, the concept of cultural heritage for international cultural relations should be conceptualized as a present- and future-oriented process through which realities are constructed from selected elements of the past. Thirdly, the political dimension of cultural heritage acts as an arena for the manifestation and negotiation of (dissonant) meanings, values and identities.

The Leningrad Rock Club in St Petersburg: From Memory to Cultural Heritage

Over the last 30 years, the popular musical past has become a subject of interest for researchers in many social sciences and the humanities, from cultural geography and cultural sociology to urban studies and public history. Popular music is regarded not only as a significant part of national and regional cultural history, but also as an important element of the urban cultural heritage. The revision of both the content and the very concept of cultural heritage is associated with large-scale changes in the humanities and social sciences that occurred in the second half of the twentieth century and influenced the transformation of historical politics in many cities, regions, and countries. In Russia, a diverse and rich musical past, related to the history of late Soviet popular and rock music, has only recently begun to be studied and represented in the urban space. The article discusses the ways of authorising the musical heritage associated with the history of the Leningrad Rock Club in contemporary St Petersburg. The research is based on field data collected in 2020–2021: in-depth and spontaneous interviews with musicians participating in the Leningrad Rock Club, rock journalists, employees of the Pushkinskaya, 10 Art Centre and the Kamchatka Rock Club-Museum, and field observations during guided tours of rock-related places in St Petersburg and exhibitions dedicated to the history of Leningrad rock. The author proposes to consider the urban musical heritage in St Petersburg self-authorised. The examples studied in the article are initiatives of the predominantly St Petersburg rock community of musicians, journalists, and city activists. Its key forms are excursions, installation of memorial plaques and signs, temporary exhibitions, and opening of a museum dedicated to the history of Leningrad rock music based on the Pushkinskaya, 10 Art Centre. Despite the traditional format of representing the memory of the musical past, the organisers do not seek to designate the musical places of modern St Petersburg in terms of “authorised heritage discourse” but gravitate toward a less formal conversation and representation of this past.

Central Asia: Historical and Cultural Heritage in the structure of interethnic relations of the late XX – early XXI century

The article examines the history of the development of strategies and practices for the preservation of cultural and intangible cultural heritage in the countries of post-Soviet Central Asia. It is shown that they developed dynamically, in general, in accordance with global trends; they were correlated with UNESCO documents and fixed at the level of national legal systems, state cultural policy, in academic and socio-political discourses. The concepts of cultural heritage were the basis of the national sovereignty of the countries of Central Asia – the lists of internationally recognized objects of cultural heritage and masterpieces of intangible cultural heritage acquired a significant character. At the same time, in the course of a broad humanitarian dialogue, interethnic strategies for the study, preservation and popularization of cultural heritage were being formed. Their ideology was determined by the civilizational approach and the principles of "practical Eurasianism". When approving national priorities, the Central Asian states focused on multi-vector, multipolar cooperation, including relations in culture, politics, and economy. Historical and cultural heritage was a factor of their integration into the world cultural community and into the space of the Turkic world. With the creation of the Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), the processes of cultural dialogue in the post-Soviet space have reached a new level. The formation of variable integration models has determined one of the main trends in the development of Central Asian countries.

The concept of a cultural heritage object (terminological overview)

Cultural heritage is a special phenomenon of human culture. There are definitions of heritage as a substratum of identity, evidence of the development of civilization, an artifact connecting the present and the past, etc. The actualization of cultural heritage, its return to spiritual and economic circulation can serve ideological tasks. Heritage can act as a symbol of the ideological foundations of society, demonstrate strategic priorities that are of particular importance for modernity. Cultural heritage, being a product of creative activity of generations, is formed by a unique combination of circumstances, and, as a result, is unique and non-renewable. All these factors demonstrate the special potential of the heritage, which should be recognized as practically inexhaustible. For this set of reasons, there is a difficulty in interpreting the concept of an object of cultural heritage. This field of scientific search remains an exclusively debatable space with many options for interpreting the key concept. The purpose of the study is to consider the interpretations of the concept of cultural heritage and to determine the specifics of its nature. Simultaneous reference to related concepts allows us to expand the idea of cultural heritage as a collective historical memory expressed in tangible and intangible artifacts. The interdisciplinary methodology based on the comparative method is designed to determine the most concise and capacious definition of heritage, which will reveal the features of its potential actualization in the interests of the state and society.

Cultural Heritage Protection and Artificial Intelli-gence; The future of our historical past

This paper aims to present the existing regulatory framework, both at the level of the European Union and at the level of Greece, regarding the protection of cultural goods and the wider cultural heritage. The paper is a comprehensive overview of the conventions, agreements and legal texts adopted, at the international and regional level, for the protection of cultural heritage.
 In particular, the paper begins with the presentation of the main terminology aiming to give the concept of cultural heritage as it has been shaped over time and the elements that define it.
 Therefore, in the first part, the paper presents the main definitions as set through the UNESCO Convention for the Protection of the World Cultural and Natural Heritage of 1972.
 Then, the paper, in the second part, analyzes the existing regulatory protection framework as it applies in the European Union. First, the basic pieces of European legislation aiming at protecting cultural heritage, at all levels and by any means, are presented. Then, the corresponding framework established at the national level, in Greece, is analyzed in a similar way.
 In the third part, the connection with Artificial Intelligence (Artificial Intelligence and henceforth AI) is attempted. The connection focuses on two main areas: the first concerns the possibilities that Artificial Intelligence provides in the protection of Cultural Heritage and the second the possibilities offered through AI in improving the accessibility of the individual to cultural goods. Finally, the approach of developing that regulatory framework that will delimit the possibilities of AI within the framework of Ethics and the reliability of Artificial Intelligence methods is attempted.

Reproduction of Architecture in Modernizing Local Architecture: The Case of Muqarnas

The present study aims to investigate the cultural identity concept and its relation to cultural heritage within a conservation framework under the threat of unfettered interventions for modernity and its requirements by analyzing the reproduced architectural works. Furthermore, the study focused on clarifying and tracking the effects of architectural reproduction on society and individuals, as well as on the local way of thinking and local culture in a specific region known as the "Levant." The research method is developed in two interconnected ways: qualitative 'interpretive' research methods are used to explain the pure concept of cultural heritage, while a 'simulation strategy' is used between traditional and historical architectural elements to create new architectural elements with historical origins and contemporary touches. Construct logic is a method of "modernizing local architecture”, in that it controls modern architecture and uses it to develop local architecture rather than obliterating and distorting it. "Muqarnas," one of the Islamic architectural decorative elements widely used in the Levant and surrounding geography, is chosen as the simulation case study for developing new contemporary architectural elements used both structurally and decoratively. The simulation approach used in the study is limited to several traditional architectural elements from the study's historical and cultural context, which were documented with architectural and technical data as well as illustrative drawings. It may be possible to raise conservation awareness by simulating some traditional architectural elements and developing them in a highly technical environment. Furthermore, it can provide the opportunity to obtain new architectural elements of a contemporary cultural nature that resist architectural reproduction in a variety of internal and external fields, as well as structural solutions.

3D SURVEY FOR TECHNOLOGY TRANSFER: LARGO DA MEMORIA IN SÃO PAULO, BRAZIL

Abstract. With the broadening of the concept of Cultural Heritage - which now, in addition to great monuments, also includes urban cores, landscapes and intangible manifestations - the possibilities for heritage conservation actions have also expanded. Nowadays, in a globalised world immersed in technologies that are evolving with astonishing rapidity, precisely technological innovation can be an important ally for the enhancement of historic public spaces.On the occasion of the bicentenary of the placement of the existing obelisk in the “Largo da Memória” public space (in the centre of São Paulo), a three-dimensional survey pilot project was carried out in cooperation with local municipality. One of the objectives of this project was to develop an example of “good practices” for the conservation of urban space and a possible benchmark for the use of digital data by local technicians avoiding expansive software and hardware solutions. Thus, the three-dimensional survey of the area helped to evaluate the effectiveness of the optimisation of the integrated procedure, taking into consideration the importance of the public space of the Largo, at the intersection of Xavier de Toledo and Quirino de Andrade streets. Technology transfer actions played an important role within the whole process, enabling further evaluations for the conservation of the place by local authorities.

Social studies teacher candidates' perceptions of cultural heritage

The social studies course is a multifaceted, interdisciplinary subject that encompasses the cultural wealth of societies and acts as a bridge between the past and the present. The concept of cultural heritage is crucial in the context of this course's rich material. Cultural heritage is described as all of the values that societies have passed down from generation to generation. Metaphors will be used to examine the perceptions of prospective social studies teachers regarding the concept of cultural heritage. In terms of structure and scope, the study, which examines teacher candidates' metaphors related to cultural heritage, is a descriptive study that employs qualitative research processes. In the data collection process of the research, the metaphor technique was used to determine the perceptions of social studies teacher candidates regarding the concept of cultural heritage. In the process of assessing the study's data, content analysis was used. The researcher generated particular topics for all of the metaphors developed by social studies teacher candidates connected to the concept of cultural heritage. Metaphors of treasure, precious stone, heritage, and entrusted stand out in the context of the concepts produced for cultural heritage through content analysis. The idea of 'cultural transmission' appears in the main categories developed.

The Role of Local Communities in the Discourse of Controversial Heritage of Norway and Estonia

The current paper analyses the paradigm shifts in the discourse of heritage sites with tragic personal stories, memories, and remains, emphasising local communities' role in reframing controversial heritage in Norway and Estonia. Although these stories are from different cultures and places, they all spin around the same - how do we deal with the most delicate strings in the human mind, beliefs, sorrows, and dignity. The sites under discussion are "ghosts" of the tragedies of the past century. Among heritage communities, states and experts, there were intense debates about the values and fate of those areas. Besides several historical, political and socioeconomic issues, personal wounds were reconciled. The first case describes the heritage communities' initiatives in accessing and reconciling values of contested Cold War heritage - Suurpea Naval Base erected during Soviet Occupation and deportations on the coasts of Estonia. The second case deals with the initial demolition and later recognition of Sami burial sites and sacred landscapes of Arctic Norway, re-gaining the rights to Saami heritage and restitution. These cases highlight the importance of inclusiveness while dealing with conflicting histories, reconciliation, restitution, and dignity of heritage and communities concerned. Authors rely on a holistic concept of cultural heritage. Cultural communities, spirit and feeling of their presence are essential indicators of character and sense of place. The authors show the benefits of a people-centred approach towards heritage as the basis of transformative change in heritage protection. The authors` positions are not purely academic – they have been involved in defining and protecting the cultural heritage of the areas under discussion.
 Keywords: cultural heritage, heritage communities, sociocultural accessibility, inclusiveness, restitution, reconciliation

Психоаналитикалық және әлеуметтік мәдени теория аясындағы адамның өзін-өзі жетілдіру мәселесі

The article makes a deep analysis of the problem of human self-improvement within the framework of psychoanalytic and socio-cultural theory. The contradictory dynamics of public life in the twentieth century put forward the problem of human self-improvement, personal development strategies, and personal activity. For a person, his individuality and the definition of the path of maturity that leads to it are very important. According to the authors, such approaches are contained in psychonanalytic and socio-cultural strategies. To determine the development of personality within the framework of socio-cultural theory, a deep analysis of the concepts of cultural heritage, communicative rationality, freedom, responsibility is carried out. The importance of socio-cultural communication based on the problem of human self-improvement is studied.The social lifestyle of the Kazakh people imposed strict requirements on moral qualities and personal-value, socio-psychological, and ethnic positions. The originality of Zhyrau’s poetry is a direct orientation to the social environment. Putting such personality qualities as personality and honor above, he aimed at improving personality through adequate sociological practice. They formed their works in the form of philosophical reflections of a didactic nature, presented their thoughts about time, reflections on morality. They raised public and social issues, expressed their understanding of the changes and events taking place in life and their meaning. The article formulates the importance of philosophical, anthropological and social thought in the formation of self-improvement strategies reflected in zhyrau. It provides an analysis of philosophical and anthropological arguments in the poetry of zhyrau.

The achievement of cultural heritage concept in the 1988 Constitution

RESUMO Este artigo visa mostrar a importância do conceito de patrimônio adotado na Constituição Federal de 1988; a primeira constituição brasileira a estabelecer uma diretriz para a atribuição de valores de patrimônio aos bens culturais. Até então, as constituições brasileiras apenas descreviam os tipos de bens que mereciam proteção. Hoje, estes devem ser valorizados como referências de memórias, identidades e ações de diferentes grupos sociais, independentemente das características estéticas e estilísticas consagradas pelas elites intelectuais ou aquelas relacionadas a fatos memoráveis da história. Para isso, o presente texto apresenta a pesquisa realizada na documentação e em informações sobre os bastidores da Assembleia Nacional Constituinte, de 1987 e 1988, e sobre o contexto político e social que a antecedeu, reafirmando o caráter democrático do conceito adotado, bem como seu potencial para a expansão de políticas públicas de valorização e preservação de bens culturais materiais e imateriais. Visa também estimular a proteção do patrimônio material, considerando o conceito constitucional, ainda a ser explorado com mais intensidade, mesmo após mais de trinta anos da promulgação da Constituição.

SOCIO-PHILOSOPHICAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF NATIONAL CONSCIOUSNESS

The article is distinguished by the analysis of various problems related to national consciousness, their classification. However, the results of these attempts lead to the appearance of different representations. If we are talking about the consciousness of an individual or a living organism, it turns out that the consideration of issues related to the consciousness of the whole society is a complex phenomenon. In the course of studying the concept of consciousness, scientific and a number of philosophical conclusions arising from the results of the study of consciousness and philosophical, cognitive, neurobiological and phenomenological solutions to problems concerning the concept of consciousness are differentiated. At the same time, without a philosophical study of the cultural heritage of the nation, the impossibility of understanding the essence and meaning of the consciousness of the nation is determined. The concept of cultural heritage is considered as the guardian of ontological, gnesiological, ethical, social, aesthetic values that form the consciousness of the nation and are inherent in it. This is the intellectual potential that forms the consciousness of the nation, is the source of the transmission of the historical experience of the nation. It is formulated that the problem of national identity consists of mutual components of national interests and desires, social needs and dreams of a social group and an individual.

A contribution to the Transdisciplinary Terminology of Cultural Heritage

In the last two decades, the changes in the concept of cultural heritage intensified the attempts to create the foundations and standardize the nomenclature of heritage studies and the heritage theory. The standardization attempts mainly come from the professional associations and international organizations dealing with heritage conservation, but, at the same time, they reflect novel theoretical stand points, being continuously built in the conservation practice. These changes in heritage theory allow for a wider interdisciplinary and transdisciplinary insights in the field. Such a situation opens a question of terminological compatibility of different fields expressing direct or indirect interest in cultural forms and processes, an example of which is covering a range of research programs under the umbrella term of cultural evolution. In this article, an instrumental definition of cultural heritage is generated to support the terminological analysis. The elements of this definitions are further used as a basis for a review of terminology in the fields of cultural evolution and cultural heritage, in order to create clusters of compatible terms in both fields. This article aims at stressing the need for transdisciplinary knowledge synthesis and integrated heritage terminology.